I.Theodórosz Laskarisz-házi Nikaiai császár

• Preferred Name: I.Theodórosz Laskarisz-házi Nikaiai császár^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]}
  
• Alternate Name: Theodoros I Byzantine Empire
  
• Alternate Name: Theodoros I Laskaris
  
• Alternate Name: Byzantine Empire Theodoros I, EMPEROR
  
• Alternate Name: Theodoros Laskaris Emperor of Nicaea I
  
• Gender: M
  
• Occupation: Emperor 1206-1222, reigned in Nicaea
  
• FSID: LBNP-HMH
  
• Temple+Ordinances: with note: Description: Completed
  
• Acceded: 1204
  
• Burial: 1221 in İznik, İznik, Bursa, Turkey at LATI: N0.4286 LONG: E9.7211 with note: https://www.thebyzantinelegacy.com/nicaea
  
• National Identification: with note: Description: 8456126
  
• Death: NOV 1221 in in Nicaea, Bursa, Turkey at LATI: N0.4736 LONG: E9.7077
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Emperor of Nicea with note: Title of Nobility
  
• Alt.+Death+Date: 6 APR 1208 with note: Survived the merge.
  
• Birth: 1171 in Istanbul, Fatih, İstanbul, Turquie at LATI: N1.011 LONG: E8.9578
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teodoro_I_L%C3%A1scaris
  ---------------------------------------------
  Theodore I Laskaris or Lascaris (Greek: Θεόδωρος Κομνηνὸς Λάσκαρις, romanized: Theodōros Komnēnos Laskaris;[1] c. 1175 – November 1221) was the first emperor of Nicaea—a successor state of the Byzantine Empire—from 1205 to his death. Although he was born to an obscure aristocratic family, his mother was related to the imperial Komnenos clan. He married Anna, a younger daughter of Emperor Alexios III Angelos in 1200. He received the title of despot before 1203, demonstrating his right to succeed his father-in-law on the throne.
  
  The Fourth Crusade forced Alexios III to flee from Constantinople in 1203. Theodore was imprisoned by the crusaders (commonly referred to as "Latins" by the Byzantines), but he escaped. After crossing the Bosporus into Asia Minor (in present-day Turkey), he started to organise the local Greeks' resistance against the Latins in Bithynia in his father-in-law's name. He concluded an alliance with the Seljuq sultan of Rum, but he could not stop the Latins' expansion. Neither could he prevent a claimant to the imperial throne, Alexios Komnenos, from establishing a Byzantine successor state, the Empire of Trebizond, in northern Asia Minor. Theodore's position consolidated only after Tzar Kaloyan of Bulgaria inflicted a crushing defeat on the Latins in the Battle of Adrianople (in Thrace) in 1205.
  
  Greeks fleeing from the Latin Empire—the crusader state that emerged in the Byzantine core territories—swarmed to Asia Minor to live under Theodore's rule. The Latins captured Theodore's father-in-law and made an alliance with Alexios I of Trebizond, but Theodore routed their united troops. He secured the support of most Bithynian aristocrats and seized the domains of those who resisted him. In 1205, he assumed the traditional titles of the Byzantine emperors. Three years later, he convoked a Church council to elect a new Orthodox patriarch of Constantinople. The new patriarch crowned Theodore emperor and established his seat at Theodore's capital, Nicaea. The Orthodox population of the Latin Empire regarded Theodore as the main defender of their Church, but the rulers of Epirus—a realm that developed in the western regions of the Byzantine Empire—debated the legality of his coronation.
  
  Theodore's father-in-law did not abandon his claim to the throne. After being released from prison, Alexios III persuaded the Seljuqs to invade Nicaea, but Theodore defeated them in 1211. The Latin Emperor Henry of Flanders captured important fortresses in western Asia Minor in 1212, but he ran out of soldiers and could not place garrisons in them. Henry implicitly acknowledged the existence of the Empire of Nicaea in his peace treaty with Theodore. Theodore conquered western Paphlagonia on the Black Sea coast from Alexios I of Trebizond. Around 1220, Theodore tried to persuade the Latins of Constantinople to acknowledge his rule, but they refused. Theodore established a powerful state, located in the vicinity of Constantinople, which enabled his successors to expel the Latins from the city and revive the Byzantine Empire in 1261.
  
  Theodore Komnenos Laskaris was born to a noble, but not particularly renowned, Byzantine family around 1175.[note 1][2] His parents' names are unknown. If Theodore followed the Byzantine custom of giving his father's name to his firstborn son, his father was called Nicholas.[3] Theodore's mother belonged to an unidentified branch of the imperial Komnenos family and he proudly adopted her surname.[4][5] Theodore had no less than six brothers—Constantine, George, Alexios, Isaac, Manuel and Michael. Manuel and Michael must have been born to a different mother, as they bore the surname Tzamantouros instead of Komnenos.[3] Theodore was also related to the aristocratic Phokas family, most likely through the marriage of one of his aunts.[6]
  
  The Laskaris held estates in western Asia Minor.[6] Both Theodore and his brother, Constantine, had a seal representing Saint George and bearing the inscription Diasorites.[6][7] The seal expressed their connection to the monastery of Saint George Diasorites, located in Pyrgion in the valley of the river Kaistros.
  
  Western Asia Minor developed into an "empire in exile" during Theodore's reign.[37][87] As the Byzantinist Warren Treadgold concludes, "Theodore had built up a functioning [Byzantine] successor state ... from next to nothing".[46] He revived the Ecumenical Patriarchate and other fundamental Byzantine institutions. He also borrowed from the Latins and the Seljuqs—the military offices of konostaulos (a hellenization of "constable") and tzaousios (from Turkish çavuş), are first documented during his reign.[88] He introduced his own currency, issuing electrum and billon coins, but he did not restore the Byzantine system of gold and copper coins.[51] He levied regular taxes from 1216 at the latest.[51] Following Byzantine patterns, he rewarded the aristocrats with tax-collecting rights.[51] The Latins and the Venetians made treaties with him, thus acknowledging that his realm was destined to lasting existence.[89]
  
  The defence of the Orthodox faith was the central ideology of Theodore's realm. Niketas Choniates compiled his Treasury of Orthodoxy—a treatise against heresy—in the Nicaean court. He described the fall of Constantinople as a punishment for the Byzantines' sins and compared their exile into Asia Minor to the Israelites' Babylonian captivity.[90] Theodore realized that he was unable to recapture Constantinople from the Latins,[87] but located near the old Byzantine capital, Nicaea was ideally placed for its future reconquest.[37]
  
  Historian Dimiter Angelov emphasizes that Theodore's political success was "due, in no small part, to his sanguine and pragmatic approach". He had an itinerant court, travelling from place to place and discussing political issues with the local noblemen. He was not afraid of commanding his armies in person. He hired Latin mercenaries, offering them salaries higher than the rulers of the Latin Empire.
  
  Theodore's first wife, Anna Komnene Angelina, was the second daughter of Emperor Alexios III. Her first husband, sebastokrator Isaac Komnenos Vatatzes, was a great-grandson of Emperor John II Komnenos.[91] He died childless in 1196.[92] Theodore and Anna had three daughters and two sons.[68]
  
  Irene Laskarina was first given in marriage to the general Andronikos Palaiologos, who died without fathering children in 1212.[93] Irene was married off to Constantine Doukas Palaiologos in 1216, but he also died childless.[93] Irene's third husband, John III Doukas Vatatzes, succeeded Theodore on the throne.[93]
  Maria Laskarina became the wife of King Béla IV of Hungary.[94][83]
  Eudokia Laskarina's hand was offered to the Latin Emperor Robert I early in 1221, but the Orthodox patriarch's opposition prevented the marriage.[93][72]
  Nicholas was declared his father's co-emperor in 1208, but he was not mentioned after 1210.[44][68]
  John also died in childhood before 1213.[68]
  Empress Anna died before 1213 and Theodore entered into negotiations about a new marriage with a daughter of Leo I, King of Armenia.[68][95] Leo I sent his niece, Philippa, to Nicaea, and Theodore married her at Christmas 1214.[95] Historian Michael Angold proposes that Pope Innocent III promoted a marriage alliance between Theodore and Leo to secure Theodore's support in his conflict with Emperor Henry during the War of the Antiochene Succession.[95] Theodore repudiated Philippa for an unknown reason and disinherited her son.[68] According to Angold, Theodore was informed only after the marriage that his wife was not Leo's daughter.[83] Her son must have been born in 1214, because he was not yet eight years old when Theodore died.[96] Theodore's third wife, Maria of Courtenay, was the daughter of Yolanda of Flanders and Peter II of Courtenay.[68] Theodore married Maria in the hope of intervening in the administration of the Latin Empire late in 1218 or early in 1219
  
  BIO
  BIO: Emperor (Basilius) of the East, 1204; Basileus of Nicea, 1206; Despot, 1197. Expelled by the Latins.
  
  ** from http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NIKAIA.htm#TheodorosINikaiadied1222B as of 6/12/201
  
  === Infopedia: Theodore I Lascaris. c.1175-1 ===
  Infopedia: Theodore I Lascaris. c.1175-1222. First Nicaean emperor (1208-22). Son-in-law of Alexius III; soldier, fought against Franks when Constantinople fell (1204); rallied Greeks and Byzantines and founded new empire at Nicaea, in Asia Minor; assumed title of emperor (1208); able general and administrator; defeated Latins, Trebizond emperor David Comnenus, Turkish sultan Kaikhosrau (1211); annexed much of Trebizond; strengthened ties with Latin empire by marrying daughter of Empress Yolande; negotiated settlement (1222) with Robert of Courtenay, to whom he bethrothed his daughter Eudocia.
  
  === !Byzantium, The Decline and Fall; Empero ===
  !Byzantium, The Decline and Fall; Emperor 1206-1222; !Chronicles of the Crusades, Joinville and Villehardouin, p14; Theodore Lascaris, in Asia Minor, was doing his best to prevent the Franks from obtaining possession of the lands allotted to them, and finally, as Villehardouin tells us, succeeded in accomplishing his aim. Acknowledged from the first by Greeks in Asia Minor and those who rallied to his side from across the water as their legitimate ruler, he was crowned emperor in 1206. The Empire of Nicaea was to remain the headquarters of the Greek monarchy until, with the fall of the Latin Empire in 1261, a descendant of the Emperor Theodore returned to rule in Constantinople; p112, Brother Constantine in command of army against French 1204; !EWH, Langer, p270; !EWH, Langer, p281; Theodore I ruled 1206-1222; !#552-v2-T17; Theodoros I, 1208 King v Nikaia (Laskaris); !Ancestral Roots, Seventh Edition, p98;
  
  === ! Europaische Stammtafeln neue folge Vol ===
  ! Europaische Stammtafeln neue folge Vol 2 tafel 182;
  
  === My PAF Notes ===
  from thepeerage.com, 2/2009:
  Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor of Constantinople1
  M, #114139, d. 1222
  Last Edited=23 Oct 2007
  Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor of Constantinople married Mary de Courtenay , daughter of Peter de Courtenay, Emperor of Constantinople and Yolande de Hainaut .2 He died in 1222.3
  Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor of Constantinople succeeded to the title of Emperor Theodore I of Constantinople in 1204.3
  Children of Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor of Constantinople
  Sophia of Constantinople 4
  Maria Laskaris + d. 12705
  Irina of Constantinople + d. 12696
  Citations
  [S1334 ] Valentin Kostadinov, "re: Bulgarian Kings," e-mail message from > (unknown address) to Darryl Lundy, 7 April 2005. Hereinafter cited as "re: Bulgarian Knigs".
  [S37 ] Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 1, page 1122. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 107th edition.
  [S38 ] John Morby, Dynasties of the World: a chronological and genealogical handbook (Oxford, Oxfordshire, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1989), page 53. Hereinafter cited as Dynasties of the World.
  [S16 ] Jirí Louda and Michael MacLagan, Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, 2nd edition (London, U.K.: Little, Brown and Company, 1999), table 77. Hereinafter cited as Lines of Succession.
  [S16 ] Louda and MacLagan, Lines of Succession, table 89.
  [S102 ] Roglo Geneweb Website, online <>. Hereinafter cited as Roglo Geneweb Website.
  
  === BETHAMIS GENALOGICAL TABLES (GS NUMBER Q ===
  BETHAMIS GENALOGICAL TABLES (GS NUMBER Q929.2 B465G) TAB 140; ANDERSON'S ROYAL GENEALOGIES (GS NUMBER Q929.2 AN23R) TAB 145; GENEALOGISHE TABELLIN (ESQ 940 D2V) TAB 6;
  
  === Theodore I is son-in-law of Alexius III ===
  Theodore I is son-in-law of Alexius III ("Angelus"), q.v. , and was succeeded by his son-in-law John III ("John Ducas Vatatzes") whose son Theodore II (1254-58) assumed the family name Lascaris. Theodore I "scarcely looked the part of a great leader. In body he was very small, moderately dark, with a long beard which was divided at the ends. His eyes differed one from the other, probably indicating that one of them did not focus properly. Looks notwithstanding, Theodore was a brave soldier. As the husband of Anna Angelina, Alexius III's daughter, his claim to the throne was better than that of anyone else available after the fall of Constantinople. At his death, the throne went to his daughter by Anna, Irene Laskaris, and her husband John Doukas Vatatzes." - "Imperial Byzantine Portraits," by Constance Head.
  
  === le jeune Dukas & Constantine; ===
  le jeune Dukas & Constantine;

• m. 24 NOV 1214

• m. 1235

• m. 1219

• m. BET FEB AND MAR 1199 in Constantinople, Turkey
• m. 1200 in Constantinople, Byzantium

1. Maria Laskarisz-házi Nicaeai hercegnő magyar királyné, b. 1207 in Nicaea, Bursa, Turkey     d. 24 JUN 1270 in Esztergom, Komarom-Esztergom, Hungary

1. Title: PHILIPPA de Dreux ([1192]-17 Mar 1242)
   Author: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerold,_Prefect_of_Bavaria
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerold,_Prefect_of_Bavaria;
   Note: Inscription on Tome
   Page: Balkans & Eastern Europe - Byzantium, 1057-1204, p. 87: ANNA Komnene Angelina ([1175/80][776]-1212, bur monastery of Hyakinthos[777]). Niketas Choniates names "Contostephanus Andronicus et Isaacius Comenus" as "duo generi" of Emperor Alexios[778]. Ephræmius records that "filiarum…iunior…Anna" married "Comnenorum…Isaacio, qui apud Moesos obiit in vinculis"[779]. Niketas Choniates records the second marriage of "imperator…filias…Annam" and "Theodoro Lascaro, adolescenti"[780]. Georgius Akropolites records that "Theodoro Lascari" married "imperatoris Alexii…filiarum illius…secunda Anna"[781]. m secondly (early 1199) as his first wife, THEODOROS Laskaris, son of --- Laskaris & his wife --- ([1175]-Nov 1221, bur monastery of Hyakinthos). After escaping Constantinople following its fall to the crusading army in Apr 1204, he established himself in Nikaia where he was crowned THEODOROS I Emperor in Nikaia in 1208.
   
2. Title: Peerage, The
   Author: Darryl Lundy, The Peerage, a genealogical survey of teh Peerage of Britian as well as the royal families of Europe(http://thepeerage.com : accessed 23 Jul 2019), Theodore I Laskaris. Cit. Date: 31 Jan 2019;
   Note: Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor of Constantinople married Mary de Courtenay, daughter of Pierre II Seigneur de Courtenay Emperor of Constantinople and Yolande Comtesse de Hainaut Margravine de Namur.2 He died in 1222.3 He succeeded as the Emperor Theodore I of Constantinople in 1204.3Children of Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor of Constantinople Sophia of Constantinople4 Maria Laskaris+5 d. 1270 Irina of Constantinople+6 d. 1269Citations [S1334] Valentin Kostadinov, \"re: Bulgarian Kings,\" e-mail message to Darryl Lundy, 7 April 2005. Hereinafter cited as \"re: Bulgarian Knigs.\" [S37] BP2003 volume 1, page 1122. See link for full details for this source. Hereinafter cited as. [S37] [S38] John Morby, Dynasties of the World: a chronological and genealogical handbook (Oxford, Oxfordshire, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1989), page 53. Hereinafter cited as Dynasties of the World. [S16] Jir Louda and Michael MacLagan, Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, 2nd edition (London, U.K.: Little, Brown and Company, 1999), table 77. Hereinafter cited as Lines of Succession. [S16] Louda and MacLagan, Lines of Succession, table 89. [S102] Roglo Geneweb Website, online . Hereinafter cited as Roglo Geneweb Website.
   
3. Title: Legacy NFS Source: I Theodoros ,Emperor of Byzantine Empire & Nicea -
   Author: Ancestral File (R), The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Copyright (c) 1987, June 1998, data as of 5 January 1998, Family History Library, 35 N West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, Utah 84150 USA
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2709100790
   
4. Title: Legacy NFS Source: I Theodoros ,Emperor of Byzantine Empire & Nicea -
   Author: Ancestral File (TM), The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2737222797
   
5. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Theodoros II Dukas Guillaume - Published information: death: ; France
   Note: Published information: death: ; France Published information: male Published information: birth-name: Theodoros II Dukas Guillaume Published information: birth: about 1200; Nice, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2039406958
   
6. Title: Legacy NFS Source: I Theodoros ,Emperor of Byzantine Empire & Nicea -
   Author: Ancestral File (TM), The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2737222795
   
7. Title: Theodore I Laskaris
   Author: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Theodore Lascaris". Encyclopædia Britannica. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. Jonathan Harris, Byzantium and the Crusades, Bloomsbury, 2nd ed., 2014. ISBN 978-1-78093-767-0 The New Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. V, Cambridge University Press, 1995. ISBN 0-521-36289-X, 9780521362894 Kazhdan, Alexander, ed. (1991). The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-504652-6. Macrides, Ruth (2007). George Akropolites: The History - Introduction, translation and commentary. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-921067-1. Magoulias, Harry J., ed. (1984). O City of Byzantium: Annals of Niketas Choniates. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0-8143-1764-2. Van Tricht, Filip (2011). The Latin Renovatio of Byzantium: The Empire of Constantinople (1204-1228). Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-20323-5.
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_I_Laskaris;
   Note: Names, dates and other data.
   Page: To support my viewpoint.