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Ernest Osztrák őrgróf


Preferred Parents:
Father: I.Adalbert Győztes Osztrák őrgróf, b. ABT 985 in Melk, Melk, Niederösterreich, Áustria   d. 26 MAY 1055 in Melk, Niederösterreich, Austria
Mother: Froizza-Adalhaid Orseolo-házi, b. 1015 in Venice, Veneto, Italy   d. 17 FEB 1071 in Melk, Melk Bezirk, Lower Austria, Austria

Family 1: Swanhilde of Ungarnmark,       d. 1120
Family 2: Adelaide of Eilenburg ,    b. AFT 1039 in Dresden, Sachsen, Deutschland    d. 26 JAN 1071 in Austria
  1. Justizia von Österreich Margravine of Austria, b. ABT 1060 in Tulln, Niederösterreich, Austria     d. ABT 1120
  2. Leopold Margrave of Austria II, b. 1052 in Klosterneuburg, Niederoesterreic, Austria     d. 12 OCT 1095 in Gars am Kamp, Horn, Lower Austria, Austria
Sources:
  1. Title: Wikipedia - Ernest, Margrave of Austria
    Author: Bibliography Beller, Steven (2007). A Concise History of Austria. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521478861. Brooke, Z. N. (1938). A History of Europe: From 911 to 1198. London: Methuen & Company Ltd. ISBN 978-1443740708. Lechner, Karl (1976). Die Babenberger: Markgrafen und Herzoge von Österreich 976–1246. Vienna: Böhlau. ISBN 978-3205085089. Leeper, Alexander W. (1941). History of Medieval Austria. London: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0404153472. Lingelbach, William E. (1913). The History of Nations: Austria-Hungary. New York: P. F. Collier & Son Company. ASIN B000L3E368. Pohl, Walter (1995). Die Welt der Babenberger. Graz: Verlag Styria. ISBN 978-3222123344. Rickett, Richard (1985). A Brief Survey of Austrian History. Vienna: Prachner. ISBN 978-3853670019. Wegener, Wilhelm (1965). Genealogischen Tafeln zur mitteleuropäischen Geschichte. Vienna: Verlag Degener.
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest,_Margrave_of_Austria;
    Note: Ernest (German: Ernst, 1027 – 10 June 1075), known as Ernest the Brave (Ernst der Tapfere), was the Margrave of Austria from 1055 to his death in 1075. He was a member of the House of Babenberg.[1] Biography He was born to Margrave Adalbert of Austria and his wife Frozza Orseolo, daughter of Doge Otto Orseolo of Venice. He increased the territory of his margraviate by amalgamating the Bohemian and Hungarian frontier marches up to the Thaya, March and Leitha rivers in what is today Lower Austria. In his time, the colonisation of the remote Waldviertel region was begun by his ministeriales, the Kuenring knights. Ernest received his epithet due to his fighting against King Béla I of Hungary and his son Géza I on behalf of their rival Solomon according to the chronicler Lambert of Hersfeld. In the commencing Investiture Controversy, he sided with King Henry IV of Germany and battled against the Saxons, dying at the Battle of Langensalza. Marriage and children In 1060 Ernest married Adelaide of Eilenburg (1030 – 26 January 1071), daughter of the Wettin margrave Dedi I of Lusatia, who gave him three children: Leopold II, Margrave of Austria (1050–1095) Justitia (d. 1120/1122), married Count Otto II of Wolfratshausen Adalbert of Pernegg, Count of Bogen In 1072 he secondly married Swanhild, daughter of Count Sighard VII in the Hungarian March.
  2. Title: Wikipedia - House of Babenburgs
    Author: Bibliography Beller, Steven (2007). A Concise History of Austria. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521478861. Lingelbach, William E. (1913). The History of Nations: Austria-Hungary. New York: P. F. Collier & Son Company. ASIN B000L3E368. Pohl, Walter (1995). Die Welt der Babenberger. Graz: Verlag Styria. ISBN 978-3222123344. Rickett, Richard (1985). A Brief Survey of Austrian History. Vienna: Prachner. ISBN 978-3853670019. Agamov, Alexander (2017). Dynasties of Europe 400-2016: Complete Genealogy of Sovereign Houses(In Russian). Moscow: URSS. ISBN 978-5-9710-3935-8.
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babenberg;
    Note: Babenberg was a noble dynasty of Austrian margraves and dukes. Originally from Bamberg in the Duchy of Franconia (present-day Bavaria), the Babenbergs ruled the Imperial Margraviate of Austria from its creation in 976 AD until its elevation to a duchy in 1156, and from then until the extinction of the line in 1246, whereafter they were succeeded by the House of Habsburg. Origin One or two families The Babenberg family can be broken down into two distinct groups: 1) The Franconian Babenbergs, the so-called Elder House of Babenberg, whose name refers to Babenburg Castle, the present site of Bamberg Cathedral. Also called Popponids after their progenitor Count Poppo of Grapfeld (d. 839-41), they were related to the Frankish Robertian dynasty and ancestors of the Franconian Counts of Henneberg and of Schweinfurt. 2) The Austrian Babenbergs, descendants of Margrave Leopold I, who ruled Austria from 976 onwards. This second group claimed to have originated from the first, however, scholars have not been able to verify that claim. Today, a direct lineal descent from the Bavarian House of Luitpolding is assumed. Popponids Like the French royal Capetian dynasty, the Elder Babenbergs descended from the Robertians. The earliest known Babenberg count Poppo was first mentioned as a ruler in the Gau of Grabfeld, a historic region in northeastern Franconia bordering on Thuringia, in 819 AD. He may be a descendant of the Robertian count Cancor of Hesbaye. One of Poppo's sons, Henry, served as princeps militiae under King Louis the Younger and was sometimes called margrave (marchio) and duke (dux) in Franconia under King Charles the Fat of East Francia. He was killed fighting against the Vikings during the Siege of Paris in 886. Another son, Poppo II, was margrave in Thuringia from 880 to 892, when he was deposed by King Charles' successor Arnulf of Carinthia. The Popponids had been favoured by Charles the Fat, but Arnulf reversed this policy in favour of rivalling Conrad the Elder, a member of the Conradine dynasty from the Lahngau in Rhenish Franconia[1] and relative of Arnulf's consort Ota. Babenberg Feud The leaders of the Babenbergs were the sons of Duke Henry, who called themselves after their castle of Babenburg on the upper Main river, around which their possessions centred. The city of Bamberg was built around the ancestral castle of the family.[1] The Conradines were led by Conrad the Elder and his brothers Rudolf and Gebhard, probably the sons of Count Udo of Neustria. The rivalry between the Babenberg and Conradine families was intensified by their efforts to extend their authority in the region of the middle Main, and this quarrel, known as the "Babenberg feud", came to a first head in 892, when King Arnulf deposed Poppo II as Thuringian ruler, appointing Conrad the Elder instead, and installed Conrad's brother Rudolf as Bishop of Würzburg. The struggle intensified at the beginning of the 10th century during the troubled reign of Arnulf's son King Louis the Child. Clashes of arms occurred in 902, when the Conradine laid siege to Babenburg Castle and arrested Adalhard of Babenberg. The next year, Adalhard was executed at the Reichstag of Forchheim; in return, the Babenbergs occupied the city of Würzburg and expelled Bishop Rudolf. Meanwhile, Rudolf's brother Gebhard was appointed Duke of Lotharingia in 903,[2] and had to cope both with revolting nobles and the continuing attacks by Babenberg forces.[citation needed] Both sides met in the battle of Fritzlar on 27 February 906, where the Conradines won a decisive victory, although Conrad the Elder fell in the battle.[3] Two of the Babenberg brothers were also killed. The third, Adalbert, was summoned before the imperial court by the regent Archbishop Hatto I of Mainz, a partisan of the Conradines. He refused to appear, held his own for a time in his castle at Theres against the king's forces, but surrendered in 906, and in spite of a promise of safe-conduct by Hatto was beheaded.[1] Conrad the Younger became Duke of Franconia in 906 and King of East Francia (as Conrad I) in 911, while the Babenbergs lost their influence in Franconia. Margraves of Austria In 962, the Bavarian count Leopold I (Liupo), possibly a descendant of the Luitpolding duke Arnulf of Bavaria, was first mentioned as a faithful follower of Emperor Otto I. He remained a loyal supporter of Otto's son and successor Otto II and in 976 appears as count of the Bavarian Eastern March, then a district not more than 60 miles in breadth on the eastern frontier of the duchy, which grew into the Margraviate of Austria. Leopold, who received the territory as a reward for his fidelity to Emperor Otto II during the uprising of Duke Henry II of Bavaria, extended its area down the Danube river into what is today Lower Austria at the expense of the retreating Magyars. Leopold was succeeded in 994 by his son Henry I, who continued his father's policy, was followed in 1018 by his brother Adalbert, whose marked loyalty to Emperor Henry II and his Salian successor Henry III was rewarded by many tokens of favour.[1] Adalbert expanded the Austrian territory up to the present borders on the Leitha, March and Thaya rivers. He was succeeded in 1055 by his nephew, Ernest. Leopold II, margrave from 1075, quarrelled with Emperor Henry IV during the Investiture Controversy, when he supported the papal side of Bishop Altmann of Passau. Though Leopold had to cope with the invading troops of Duke Vratislaus II of Bohemia and was defeated at the 1082 Battle of Mailberg, the emperor was unable to oust him from his march or to prevent the succession of his son Leopold III in 1096. Between 1075 - 1095 the dynasty had its seat at Babenberg Castle of Gars am Kamp.[4] Leopold III supported Henry V, the son of Emperor Henry IV, in his rising against his father, but was soon drawn over to the emperor's side. In 1106 he married the daughter of Henry IV, Agnes, widow of Duke Frederick I of Swabia. In 1125 he declined the royal crown in favour of Lothair of Supplinburg. His zeal in founding monasteries, such as Klosterneuburg Monastery, earned for him his surname "the Pious", and canonization by Pope Innocent VIII in 1485. He is regarded as the patron saint of Lower and Upper Austria.[1] Dukes of Austria One of Leopold's younger sons was Bishop Otto of Freising. His eldest son Leopold IV became margrave in 1136, and in 1139 received the Duchy of Bavaria from the hands of King Conrad III, who had banned the Welf duke Henry the Proud. Leopold's brother Henry Jasomirgott (allegedly named after his favourite oath, "So help me God!") was made Count Palatine of the Rhine in 1140, and became Margrave of Austria on Leopold's death in 1141. Having married Gertrude, the widow of Henry the Proud, he was invested in 1143 with the Duchy of Bavaria, and resigned his office as count palatine. In 1147 he participated in the Second Crusade, and after his return, renounced Bavaria at the instance of the new king Frederick Barbarossa who gave the duchy of Bavaria to Henry the Proud's son, Duke Henry the Lion of Saxony. As compensation for this, Austria, the capital of which had been transferred to Vienna about 1155, was elevated into a duchy according to the Privilegium Minus.[1] Rise to power The second duke was Henry's son Leopold V, who succeeded him in 1177 and took part in the crusades of 1182 and 1190 as well as the Third Crusade. In Palestine, he quarrelled with King Richard I of England, captured him on his homeward journey and handed him over to Emperor Henry VI. Leopold increased the territories of the Babenbergs by acquiring the Duchy of Styria under the will of his kinsman Duke Ottokar IV. He died in 1194, and Austria fell to one son, Frederick, and Styria to another, Leopold; but on Frederick's death in 1198 they were again united by Leopold as Duke Leopold VI, surnamed "the Glorious".[1] The new duke fought against the infidels in Spain, Egypt, and Palestine, but is more celebrated as a lawgiver, a patron of letters, and a founder of many towns. Under him Vienna became the centre of culture in Germany and the great school of Minnesingers. His later years were spent in strife with his son Frederick, and he died in 1230 at San Germano, now renamed Cassino, whither he had gone to arrange the peace between Emperor Frederick II and Pope Gregory IX.[1]
  3. Title: Dedo von Wettin and Adelheid von Wettin in the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ~https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/MEISSEN.htm#Adelheiddied1071 [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/MEISSEN.htm#Adelheiddied1071;
    Note: Dedo von Wettin and Adelheid von Wettin in the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ~https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/MEISSEN.htm#Adelheiddied1071 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Dedo von Wettin and Adelheid von Wettin in the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ~https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/MEISSEN.htm#Adelheiddied1071 [See document in the Memories section]
  4. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Ernst Of Austria Margrave Of Austria* - Appointed:
    Author: Kingdom's of Europe, Illustrated Encyclopedia of Ruling Monarchs From Ancient Times to the Present, Gene Gurney, Crown Publishers, New York. 1982, Page number: Gurney page 281.
    Note: Appointed:
    Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2737222924
  5. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Margrave of Austria Ernst -
    Author: Stirnet.com, Peter Barns-Graham, Chairman, Name: http://www.stirnet.com;, Page number: Austria1, Brabant02
    Note: Peter Barns-Graham, Chairman, Stirnet.com (http://www.stirnet.com).
    Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:3246398939
  6. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Ernst Of Austria Margrave Of Austria* - birth: ; Austria
    Author: Enclopaedia Brittanica, William Benton, Publisher, Encyclopaedia Brittanica, Inc. 1961 edition Chicago,, Page number: Vol. 2 page 839.
    Note: birth: ; Austria
    Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2737223125
  7. Title: Liutpold I (Leopold I), Margraf von Ostmark, in the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ~http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/AUSTRIA.htm#_Toc482093769 [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/AUSTRIA.htm#_Toc482093769;
    Note: Liutpold I (Leopold I), Margraf von Ostmark, in the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ~http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/AUSTRIA.htm#_Toc482093769 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Liutpold I (Leopold I), Margraf von Ostmark, in the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ~http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/AUSTRIA.htm#_Toc482093769 [See document in the Memories section]
  8. Title: Wikipedia - Battle of Langensalza, 1075
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Langensalza_(1075);
    Note: Battle of Langensalza Part of the Saxon Rebellion Date 9 June 1075 Location Homburg an der Unstrut, Langensalza, Thuringia Result Imperial victory Belligerents Shield and Coat of Arms of the Holy Roman Emperor (c.1200-c.1300).svg Holy Roman Empire; Coat of arms of Lower Saxony.svg Duchy of Saxony (click link to view) Commanders and leaders The Holy Roman Empire: Henry IV of Germany Rudolf of Rheinfelden Vratislaus II of Bohemia Ernst of Austria † Theodoric II of Lorraine Godfrey IV of Lower Lorraine The Saxons Otto of Nordheim Burchard II of Halberstadt Magnus of Saxony Lothair Udo II of the Nordmark Strength 25000 7000 Casualties and losses 2765 5860 The First Battle of Langensalza was fought on 9 June 1075 between forces of King Henry IV of Germany and several rebellious Saxon noblemen on the River Unstrut near Langensalza in Thuringia. The battle was a complete success for Henry, resulting in the subjugation of the Saxons shortly before the Investiture Controversy commenced. In Germany the battle is known as the Schlacht bei Homburg an der Unstrut, after a nearby Kaiserpfalz and monastery. Background The Salian king Henry IV had inherited the quarrels with the Saxons from his father Emperor Henry III, whose long and costly sojournments at the Imperial Palace of Goslar had annoyed the local nobles. From the start of his reign in 1065, 15-year-old Henry IV suffered numerous setbacks enforcing his Imperial authority in Saxony after the regency of his mother Agnes of Poitou. Attempts to restore the rights over the Harz forests were not received well by the Saxon freedmen, and efforts to extend the crownlands in general as well as the increased demands laid upon the fisc were opposed. A policy of building castles and supplying them with loyal, mainly Swabian officials, continued from the time of his father, fostered resentment among multiple groups. In particular, the large Harzburg became a symbol of Imperial tyranny and was seen as impeding on traditional Saxon rights. Like his father, Henry desired to set Goslar as the fixed capital of the German Kingdom. In 1070/71 Henry had already picked a quarrel with the Saxon count Otto of Nordheim, then Duke of Bavaria, and Magnus Billung, son of Duke Ordulf of Saxony. The king seized Otto's title and property and kept Magnus prisoner at Harzburg Castle, even after the latter succeeded his father to the Saxon duchy in 1072. This heightened tensions between the Imperial court and the Saxons; Magnus' subsequent release in exchange for seventy Swabians captured in Lüneburg did little to encourage a thaw in relations. In anger, the king rejected several Saxon petitions for redress. In 1073 several bishops and princes organized a resistance. Several castles were besieged, and the King was forced to escape from the Harzburg to Hessewech. In February 1074 he proceeded to Gerstungen, where the insurrection, numbering twice the size of his forces, met him; he agreed to several concessions, reasoning that the Saxons would break their end of the deal eventually. The freedmen, who felt betrayed by the nobles due to the peace treaty, sacked the Harzburg in a frenzy, destroyed the castle, and committed such acts of sacrilege (tossing the bones of members of the royal family, along with those of an abbot and St. Anastasius) that they shocked the local population and the religious authorities. Henry used the destruction as a pretext for renewed hostilities. He gained the support of several bishops, the lower feudality and city burghers. While Henry was conducting a campaign against the Magyars on the one hand, papal legates were attempting to create support for the Saxon rebels on the other. In 1075 Otto of Nordheim, together with the count palatine in Saxony and Bishop Burckhard II of Halberstadt openly declared their hostility, using Henry's violations of the Treaty of Gerstungen as an excuse. They gained many Saxon and Thuringian freedmen, but many nobles and peasants did not join. The King made camp in Bredingen, and managed to gain the defections of some lower Saxon nobles with promises to listen to their grievances. In June, he moved to Langensalza. The battle Henry's move to Langensalza put him closer to the Saxon encampment. The two sides met for battle at Homburg on 9 June. The Saxon army contained several thousand men, but in typical Saxon tradition, most of them were on foot. Their ranks consisted of nobles and their vassals, along with freedmen and some serfs. Many of them were poorly trained, described by their opponent as "an inept rabble accustomed to agriculture rather than military service, who, compelled not by a military spirit but by fear of their leaders, had entered battle contrary to their customs and traditions.".[1] Henry IV's army advanced in five ranks, despite the open terrain south of the River Unstrut. The Saxons rushed out of their castle at Homburg all on horseback, apparently leaving their foot soldiery behind in their haste.[2] The engagement that followed was less of a battle than a rout. A charge by the Swabians under Duke Rudolf almost instantly destroyed the Saxon centre. The Saxon leaders took to their horses and fled, but the foot soldiers were slaughtered. It was reported that several thousand died when they drowned in the Unstrut. Many spoils were gained by Henry's army. The aftermath The defeat was stunning. It shocked the Saxons, and the supporters of the rebellion became frantic. The Archbishop of Mainz threatened excommunication against the Thuringians in order to gain funds to finance the insurrection. Unfortunately, Henry and his army ravaged the Saxon and Thuringian countryside, bringing starvation. The Archbishop of Magdeburg eventually conceded and requested the terms to which the King would hold the rebels. Henry demanded a short imprisonment for all the leaders, as well as confiscation of their fiefs and their redistribution among loyal Imperial partisans. As harsh as the terms were, the complete victory Henry gained at Langensalza convinced them to accept. In a humiliating gesture, the rebel bishops, nobles and peasants walked barefoot between the ranks of the King's army and submitted to him. The King then convened a meeting of princes at Goslar on Christmas to determine the future of Saxony; he ended up freeing Otto of Nordheim and making him his viceroy to Saxony. Henry considered the Saxon question settled, but the Investiture conflict would quickly undo the peace.
  9. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy - -Ernst I von Babenburg
    Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/AUSTRIA.htm#ErnstIdied1075B;
    Note: ERNST von Babenberg, son of ADALBERT Markgraf der Ostmark [Austria] & his first wife --- (-killed in battle near Homburg/Unstrut 9 Jun 1075, bur Melk). The Auctarium Vindobonense names "Ernust filius eius [=Adalbertus] quartus marchio Austrie" when recording that he succeeded his father[98]. He succeeded his father in 1055 as ERNST Markgraf of Austria. Heinrich IV King of Germany granted property to "marchione Ernest in marcha Osterreiche" by charter dated 22 Mar 1074[99]. The Annales Gotwicenses record the death in 1075 of "Ernist marchio"[100]. The Chronicon Garstense records that "Ernust marchio Austrie et Gebehardus pater Lotharii postea imperatoris" were killed in the Saxon wars in 1075 "iuxta fluvium…(Unstrutt)"[101]. The Annales Wormatienses name "domni Eberhardi de Eberstein et domni E. filii sui, comitis de Sein et domni Ottonis de Eberstein" in 1249[102]. The necrology of Kloster Neuburg records the death "V Id Jun" of "Ernsto marchio"[103]. m firstly ADELHEID von Wettin, daughter of DEDO II Markgraf der Ostmark-Lausitz [Wettin] & his first wife Oda der Ostmark (after 1039-[26 Jan] 1071, bur Melk). The Genealogica Wettinensis names "Adelhidis…[et] Agnes" as the two daughters of "secundus filius [comitis Tiderici] Dedo" and his wife Oda, naming "Hernesto marchioni de Bavaria" as wife of Adelheid and "Luppoldum marchionem" as their son[104]. The Annales Gotwicenses record the death in 1071 of "Adalheit marchionissa"[105]. The necrology of Melk records the death "VII Kal Feb" of "Adalheida marchionissa ux Adalberti marchionis Austrie"[106]. At first sight, "Adalberti" has assumed to be an error for "Ernesti" as the latter's wife is the only known "marchionissa" of that name. However, the entry may alternatively refer to the otherwise unknown first wife of Markgraf Adalbert. The necrology of Kloster Neuburg also records the death "VII Kal Feb" of "Adelheidis marchionissa"[107] but does not name her husband. m secondly (1071 or after) SUANAHILD, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[108], she was Suanahild, daughter of Sieghard [VII] or [VIII] Graf [Sieghardinger] & his wife Pilihild ---, but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. Markgraf Ernst & his first wife had [three] children: 1. LIUTPOLD ([1058/63]-12 Oct 1095, bur Gars). 2. [JUSTIZIA (-30 Jan ----, bur Thanning). 3. [daughter
    Page: Ernst, Liutpold II, III, and IV, Markgrafs of Austria, in the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ~https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/AUSTRIA.htm#ErnstIdied1075B [See document in the Memories section]
  10. Title: Ernst Margrave von Babenberg, "Find A Grave Index"
    Author: "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVG5-5QR4 : 12 May 2022), The Brave, ; Burial, Melk, Melk Bezirk, Lower Austria Niederösterreich, Austria, Stift Melk; citing record ID 134280829, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
    Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVG5-5QR4;
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