Bertha de Holland Reine des Francs

• Preferred Name: Bertha de Holland Reine des Francs^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14]}
  
• Alternate Name: Capet
  
• Gender: F
  
• Christening: 1058 in Vlaardingen, South Holland, Netherlands at LATI: N1.9109 LONG: E0.3434
  
• FSID: LDSM-QN8
  
• Death: 14 FEB 1117 in Maine-et-Loire, Pays de la Loire, France at LATI: N7.5 LONG: E0.3333
  
• Noble Family: with note: Description: House of Montfort
  
• Birth: 1055 in Vlaardingen, Holland, Netherlands at LATI: N1.9109 LONG: E0.3434
  
• Burial: 14 FEB 1117 in Saint-Rémy-la-Vanne, , Île-de-France, France at LATI: N8.7923 LONG: E0.2325
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  DO NOT MERGE WITH GVHH-ML4 EVER!
  
  Bertha of Holland (c. 1055 – 1093), also known as Berthe or Bertha of Frisia and erroneously as Berta or Bertrada, was queen consort of the Franks from 1072 until 1092, as the first wife of King Philip I. Bertha's marriage to the king in 1072 was a result of peace negotiations between him and her stepfather, Count Robert the Frisian of Flanders. After nine years of childlessness, the royal couple had three children, including Philip's successor, Louis the Fat. Philip, however, grew tired of his wife by 1090, and repudiated her in 1092 in order to marry the already married Bertrada of Montfort. That marriage was a scandal since both Philip and Bertrada were already married to other people, at least until Queen Bertha died the next year.
  
  Early life Edit
  
  Bertha of Holland marrying King Philip I
  Bertha was the daughter of Count Floris I of Holland and his wife, Gertrude of Saxony. She is erroneously referred to as Matilda (Machtilda) by Chronologia Johannes de Beke.[1] Bertha had six siblings and both of her parents came from large families. Her father ruled a territory vaguely described as "Friesland west of the Vlie", which is where Bertha spent her childhood.[2] Count Floris I was assassinated in 1061,[2] and two years later her mother remarried to Robert of Flanders.[3] Robert, now known as Robert the Frisian, became guardian of Bertha and her six siblings.[2] In 1070, Robert the Frisian became involved in a war with King Philip I of France over succession to the County of Flanders.[2][4] Within two years, Robert and Philip concluded a peace treaty which was to be sealed by a marriage; Robert's own daughters were too young, but their half-sister Bertha was just the right age.[2] Robert thus agreed to the marriage of his stepdaughter to King Philip. Bertha married Philip, thus becoming queen of the Franks, probably in 1072.[2][3]
  
  Queenship Edit
  
  Queen Bertha and King Philip with their children
  Bertha was, at the time, the lowest ranking woman to marry a French king; no suitable princess could be found, since they were all too closely related to Philip for the marriage to any of them to be seen as perfectly valid by the Church. Bertha had no kings among her traceable ancestors and lacked even tenuous links with the Carolingian that her predecessors could claim. Consequently, contemporary chroniclers did not even try to present her lineage as more exalted than that of a count's daughter. Nevertheless, the shortage of royal candidates made Bertha a suitable choice.[5] The regal title she gained by this marriage was prestigious, but had little meaning, as she was confined to her husband's small royal domain that covered little more than areas around Paris and Orléans.[2]
  
  Little is known about Bertha's queenship. She co-signed only three donation charters. However, she plays a prominent role in the hagiography titled Vita Arnulfi. The hagiography describes how she used her regal power (vi regia) to expel Abbot Gerard of Saint-Médard and reinstate the former abbot, Pontius, who had been removed due to his mismanagement of the abbey. Saint Arnulf of Soissons warned her that doing so would incur the wrath of God and lead to her being driven out of the kingdom into exile, where she would die despised and miserable. The queen furiously refused to listen to him. Although all the extant versions of Vita Arnulfi refer to the queen as Bertrada, it is clear that the queen mentioned in the hagiography is Bertha of Holland, given that the events mentioned in it took place while Bertha was queen and more than a decade before she was replaced as such by Bertrada. The hagiography, however, was written after Bertha died and during Bertrada's queenship, which might explain the name confusion.[2]
  
  Childlessness Edit
  
  For six years, King Philip and Queen Bertha were troubled by their childlessness and especially by the lack of male children,[4] which was not unusual among the early male members of the House of Capet.[3] Things suddenly took a different course, however, when the Queen had three children in quick succession: a daughter named Constance in 1078 and two sons, the long-hoped heir named Louis in 1081 and Henry, born in 1083 and who died in infancy.[3][4] The birth of the long-awaited heir apparent had such a great impact that a story of a miracle developed around it. Reportedly, the couple's fertility was only restored thanks to the prayers of a hermit, Saint Arnulf of Soissons. Arnulf informed Queen Bertha that she was expecting a son and that it would be appropriate to give him the Carolingian name of Louis. A daughter named Constance soon followed. Bertha gave birth to one more son, named Henry, but he appears to have died in infancy or childhood.[2][4]
  
  Berthe de Hollande (1058-1093)
  Berthe de Hollande ou encore Berthe de Frise (née vers 1058 - morte le 30 juillet 1093 à Montreuil), est reine des Francs par son mariage avec Philippe Ier, roi de France.
  
  Berthe de Frise est la fill
  
  History of Bertrade de Montfort (1070-1117)
  Bertrade de Montfort (c. 1070 – 14 February 1117) was a queen consort of France by her marriage to Philip I of France.
  
  Life
  
  She was the daughter of Simon I de Montfort[1] and Agnes of Evreux. Her br
  
  History of Berth of Holland (1055-1094)
  Bertha of Holland (c. 1055 – 15 October 1094), also known as Berthe or Bertha of Frisia and erroneously as Berta or Bertrada, was queen of France from 1072 until 1092, as the first wife of King Philip
  
  BIO
  BIO: from http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/HOLLAND.htm#Berthadied1093 as of 1/19/2016
  
  BERTHA of Holland ([1058]-Montreuil-sur-Mer, Pas-de-Calais 30 Jul 1093). The Liber Modernorum Regum Francorum re
  
  BIO
  BIO: from http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CENTRAL%20FRANCE.htm#AgnesBaugencyMEnguerrandIICoucy as of 8/20/2016
  
  HILDEGARDE de Baugency (-before 1070). The Gesta Consulum Andegavensium refers to the
  
  Memorial
  She was the daughter of Simon I de Montfort[1] and Agnes of Evreux. Her brother was Amaury de Montfort.
  
  In speaking of Fulk IV, Count of Anjou, the chronicler John of Marmoutier would recount:
  
  The l
  
  === Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ===
  m secondly (Paris 1092, before 27 Oct) as her second husband, BERTRADE de Montfort, fifth wife of FOULQUES IV “le Réchin” Comte d’Anjou, daughter of SIMON [I] de Montfort-l'Amaury & his third wife Agnès d’Evreux (-Fontevrault end-1115/1116, bur church of the priory of Hautes-Bruyères, Saint-Rémy-l’Honoré, Yvelines). Orderic Vitalis records that “Bertrada...Andegavorum comitissa”, fearing that her husband was about to treat her like his previous two wives, sought protection from “Philippo regi Francorum” who repudiated his own wife and married her, the ceremony being conducted by “Odo Bajocensis episcopus”[311]. The De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses names "Fulconi Richin Andegavensi comiti uxorem suam nomine Bertradam" as second wife of King Philippe, specifying that the king abducted her from her first husband after repudiating his first wife[312]. William of Tyre records this marriage[313]. Pope Urban II at the Council of Autun excommunicated the king 16 Oct 1094, confirmed at the Council of Clermont 18/28 Nov 1095[314]. The church finally admitted the validity of the marriage after the Council of Paris 2 Dec 1104[315]. Orderic Vitalis alleges that Bertrade tried to poison her stepson Louis so her own sons could succeed to the throne[316]. "Fulco iunior Andegavensium comes Fulconis comitis filius" donated property to the abbey of Fontevraud with the consent of "Bertrade regina matre meo, Philipo fratre meo" by charter dated to [1109/1112/13][317]
  King Philippe I & his second wife had [four] children:
  
  4. PHILIPPE de France ([1093]-[2 Sep] after 1133). The Historia Regum Francorum Monasterii Sancti Dionysii names "Philippum et Florum et filiam unam" as children of "Philippus rex [et] Fulconi Rechin Andagavorum comiti uxorem"[333]. Orderic Vitalis names “Philippum et Florum” as the children of King Philippe by his second marriage[334]. He succeeded as Seigneur de Montlhéry in 1104 by right of his wife. His half-brother installed him as Comte de Mantes and Seigneur de Mehun-sur-Yèvre in [1104]. Suger's Vita Ludovici records the rebellion of "regis Ludovici Philippus frater" against his brother, supported by "Amalricus de Monte Forti…avunculus eius" and "Fulco comes Andegavensis postea rex Hierosolymitanus frater eius", and the confiscation of his castles of Montlhéry and Mantes[335]. "Fulco iunior Andegavensium comes Fulconis comitis filius" donated property to the abbey of Fontevraud with the consent of "Bertrade regina matre meo, Philipo fratre meo" by charter dated to [1109/1112/13][336]. The necrology of Saint-Germain L'Auxerrois records the death "IV Non Sep" of "Philippus frater Ludovici regis"[337], which may refer to Philippe Comte de Mantes. m (1104) ELISABETH de Montlhéry Dame de Montlhéry, daughter and heiress of GUY [III] “Troussel” Seigneur de Montlhéry et de Chevreuse & his [first/second wife Adelaide ---/Mabile ---] (-after 3 Mar 1141). The Chronica Regum Francorum records the betrothal of "unus illorum Regis illegitimus ex comitissa Andegavensi" and "filiam…Milonis de Montlehery"[338]. The dating clause of a charter dated to [1106/07] refers to the first year in which "Philippus filius Philippi regis Francorum" married "Helizabeth filiam Guidonis Trosselli"[339].
  
  5. FLEURI [Florus] de France ([1095]-after 1119). The Historia Regum Francorum Monasterii Sancti Dionysii names "Philippum et Florum et filiam unam" children of "Philippus rex [et] Fulconi Rechin Andagavorum comiti uxorem"[340]. Orderic Vitalis names “Philippum et Florum” as the children of King Philippe by his second marriage[341]. A document dated Jul 1213 records that "rex Franciæ…Grossus rex fratrem…Florium…filia Isabellis de Nangies…domina de Venisiaco"[342]. He was living in Anjou with his mother in 1117. Seigneur de Nangis, presumably by right of his wife. m [--- de Nangis, daughter & heiress of --- de Nangis & his wife ---]. Her parentage and marriage are assumed because her daughter is called "Isabellis de Nangies" in the source quoted below. Fleuri & his wife had [two] children:
  
  a) ISABELLE de Nangis ([1118]-[after 1166/67]). Documents dated Jul 1213 and Aug 1213, relating to the consanguinity between Erard de Brienne Seigneur de Ramerupt and his wife Philippa of Jerusalem, record "rex Franciæ…Grossus rex fratrem…Florium…filia Isabellis de Nangies…domina de Venisiaco", adding that her daughter was "domina de Venisiaco, mater…[Erardum de Rameruco] [Erardum de Brena]", another document in the series clarifying that Isabelle was the mother of "Aalaidis dominæ Venisiaci…mater…Erardi"[343]. Dame de Nangis. A charter dated to after 1151 recites the donation of “feodum de Thori” by “Symon Pichered” to Dilo abbey, confirmed by "Garnerus…de Venisiaco a quo feodum illud Symon tenebat et uxor Garini Petronilla sed et filius eius Ansellus", and a later donation confirmed by "Ansellus…de Venisiaco…et frater Anselli, Freherus, sed et uxor sua Elisabeth", as well as other donations by Anseau, Isabelle and Ferry[344]. She is named in the cartulary of Preuilly[345]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln, Isabelle married firstly "Guy de Marolles", adding that he joined the crusade in 1141 and died in Palestine[346]. The primary source on which this is based is not known. However, under a charter dated to [1166/67], Louis VII King of France confirmed donations of property to the abbey of Barbeau, including the donation of "apud capellam de Sarnai" made by "Guidonis de Nangiis…cum assensu uxoris sue Helisabeth" and with the consent of "Milo de Corteriaco…uxore et filiis"[347]. It is possible that "Guidonis de Nangiis" is the same person as Guy de Marolles, and that his wife "Helisabeth" was Isabelle de Nangis. If this is correct, Guy would have been Isabelle´s second husband not her first, assuming that the charter relates to then current donations. m [firstly] ([1136]) ANSEAU de Venisy, son of GARNIER de Venisy & his wife Pétronille ---. [m secondly GUY [de Marolles], son of --- (-after [1166/67]). Seigneur de Nangis, de iure uxoris.]
  
  b) [daughter . Her parentage and marriage are recorded in Europäische Stammtafeln which also states that she was "Dame de Châtel-les-Nangis"[348]. The primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. However, as noted above under her supposed sister Isabelle, under a charter dated to [1166/67] Louis VII King of France confirmed donations of property to the abbey of Barbeau, including the donation of "apud capellam de Sarnai" made by "Guidonis de Nangiis…cum assensu uxoris sue Helisabeth" and with the consent of "Milo de Corteriaco…uxore et filiis"[349]. The consent given by "Milo de Corteriaco" and his wife and children would be consistent with him and his wife also having an interest in the property donated, which would be the case if his wife was the sister of Isabelle de Nangis. Her husband´s connection with the Melun family has not been confirmed. m MILON [de Melun] Seigneur de Courtry, son of ---.]
  
  6. CECILE de France ([1097]-after 1145). The Historia Regum Francorum Monasterii Sancti Dionysii names "Philippum et Florum et filiam unam" as children of "Philippus rex [et] Fulconi Rechin Andagavorum comiti uxorem", specifying that the (unnamed) daughter married "Tanchredus Anthiochenus"[350]. Her parentage is recorded by William of Tyre, who also records her two marriages[351]. Her first marriage was arranged while Bohémond I Prince of Antioch was visiting the French court seeking support against Alexios I Emperor of Byzantium. She sailed for Antioch end 1106[352]. While dying, Prince Tancred made Pons de Toulouse promise to marry his wife[353]. Albert of Aix records the marriage at Tripoli of "Punctus filius Bertrannus de Tripla" and "uxorem Tancredi, quæ filia erat regis Franciæ", dated to [1115] from the context[354]. William of Tyre refers to the wife of the count of Tripoli as uterine sister of Foulques King of Jerusalem and names her[355]. She claimed Jebail as her dower, but was eventually satisfied with Chastel Rouge and Arzghan[356]. She became Lady of Tarsus and Mamistra, in Cilician Armenia, in 1126[357]. "Cecilia comitissa" donated property for the souls of "domini mei Poncii comitis…et filii mei Raimundi comitis" to the church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem by charter dated 1139[358]. m firstly (late 1106) TANCRED Prince of Tiberias, Regent of Antioch, son of ODO [Guillaume] “le Bon” Marquis & his wife Emma de Hauteville (-12 Dec 1112). He succeeded in 1111 as Prince of Antioch. m secondly (Tripoli 1112) PONS Count of Tripoli, son of BERTRAND Comte de Toulouse and Tripoli & his second wife Hélie de Bourgogne [Capet] ([1096]-executed near Mont Pèlerin, near Tripoli Mar 1137).
  
  7. [EUSTACHIE de France ([1095/1100]-[1143]). She and her husband are named by Kerrebrouck who cites no primary source on which the information is based[359]. Presumably this is based on Sainte-Marthe who states that “Eustache comtesse d’Estampes et de Corbeil, femme de Jean d’Estampes” is named “sœur du Roy Louys le Gros” by “Jacques du Breuil religieux de sainct Germain des Prez les Paris”, adding that the latter records that she founded the abbey of “Hierre” [Kerrebrouck says “Yerres”[360]] where she was buried[361]. Sainte-Marthe also says that “c’est d’elle que semble parler Nangis disant que le Roy Philippe I eut de Bertrade de Montfort deux fils et une fille qu’il nomme Comtesse d’Etampes”. “Nangis” has not been identified: the Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis starts in 1113 during the reign of Louis VI King of France. Eustachie is not named by Père Anselme among the children of King Philippe I[362]. Could there be confusion with Eustachie, daughter of Ferry, whose second husband was Jean d’Etampes (see the document PARIS REGION NOBILITY - CORBEIL & ROCHEFORT)?. m JEAN Seigneur d'Etampes et de Corbeil, son of ---.]
  
  King Philippe had one [probably illegitimate] child
  
  === !Brown book 5, P C 262. 1st wife. ===
  !Brown book 5, P C 262. 1st wife.
  
  === !Name,Bd,pla,Spouse,Father(Arcilamband I ===
  !Name,Bd,pla,Spouse,Father(Arcilamband IV),Bap,End-TIB FHL 884549 Name,BD,pla,Spouse,MD,Mpla,Bap,End,SP,SS-IGI addendum 2002
  
  === Royalty. She was the daughter of Simon I ===
  Royalty. She was the daughter of Simon I de Montfort and his third wife Agnes d'Evreux. She became the fifth wife of Fulk IV of Anjou in 1089 and gave birth to one child, a boy, who was named Fulk after his father. She left her husband to live at the court of the king of France. Philip I disowned his first wife and banned her to the Castle of Montreuil-Sur-Mer where she died in 1094. Philip and Bertrade got married in May 1092, without getting divorces first. She had great influence on his decisions. During the Council of Clermont in 1095, Pope Urban II excommunicated them for the bigamy. Two years later the excommunication was confirmed and the whole kingdom was put under the interdict. In 1104 they officially separated and Pope Pascal II devolved the excommunication as well as the interdict. They continued to live together at the court, but the pope needed Philip's help now and overlooked any wrongdoing. She had given birth to four children, Philip, Fleury, Eustachie and Cecile, but the King named his son, Louis, from his first marriage as his heir. She was not happy about that decision and supposedly tried to poison Louis. After her husbands death she had to leave the court. She sold her dowry and together with her brother Amaury III founded the Abbey of Haute-Bruyere near Saint Rémy l'Honoré where she was buried.
  
  === MERGING ===
  THIS WAS REMOVED DO NOT MERGE LDSM-QN8 WITH THIS RECORD EVER!
  
  === MEGING ===
  DO NOT MERGE WITH GF1V-MQJ EVER!
  
  === BIO: from http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLan ===
  BIO: from http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/HOLLAND.htm#Berthadied1093 as of 1/19/2016
  
  BERTHA of Holland ([1058]-Montreuil-sur-Mer, Pas-de-Calais 30 Jul 1093). The Liber Modernorum Regum Francorum records the marriage of "filiam ducis Frisiæ" and "rex Philippus"[353]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke names (in order) "Theodricum et Florencium…et Machtildim" as children of Count Floris & his wife, specifying that "Machtildim" married "Philippus rex Francie" after the death of her father which indicates that "Machtildim" in this text is an error for Bertha[354]. The Historia Francorum names "filiam Florentii ducis Frisonum Bertam" as wife of King Philippe[355]. Her marriage was arranged as part of the settlement under which her future husband recognised her stepfather as Count of Flanders[356]. Her husband sent her to Montreuil after repudiating her. m (1072, repudiated 1092) as his first wife, PHILIPPE I King of France, son of HENRI I King of France & his second wife Anna Iaroslavna of Kiev (1052-château de Melun, Seine-et-Marne 30 Jul 1108, bur Abbaye Saint Benoît-sur-Loire).
  
  ** from Wikipedia listing for Bertha of Holland as of 1/19/2016
  
  Bertha of Holland (c. 1055 – 1093), also known as Berthe or Bertha of Frisia and erroneously as Berta or Bertrada, was queen consort of the Franks from 1072 until 1092, as the first wife of King Philip I. Bertha's marriage to the king in 1072 was a result of peace negotiations between him and her stepfather, Count Robert the Frisian of Flanders. After nine years of childlessness, the royal couple had three children, including Philip's successor, Louis the Fat. Philip, however, grew tired of his wife by 1090, and repudiated her in 1092 in order to marry the already married Bertrada of Montfort. That marriage was a scandal since both Philip and Bertrada were already married to other people, at least until Queen Bertha died the next year.
  
  Early life
  Bertha was the daughter of Count Floris I of Holland and his wife, Gertrude of Saxony. She is erroneously referred to as Matilda (Machtilda) by Chronologia Johannes de Beke.[1] Bertha had six siblings and both of her parents came from large families. Her father ruled a territory vaguely described as "Friesland west of the Vlie", which is where Bertha spent her childhood.[2] Count Floris I was assassinated in 1061,[2] and two years later her mother remarried to Robert of Flanders.[3] Robert, now known as Robert the Frisian, became guardian of Bertha and her six siblings.[2] In 1070, Robert the Frisian became involved in a war with King Philip I of France over succession to the County of Flanders.[2][4] Within two years, Robert and Philip concluded a peace treaty which was to be sealed by a marriage; Robert's own daughters were too young, but their half-sister Bertha was just the right age.[2] Robert thus agreed to the marriage of his stepdaughter to King Philip. Bertha married Philip, thus becoming queen of the Franks, probably in 1072.[2][3]
  
  Queenship
  Bertha was, at the time, the lowest ranking woman to marry a French king; no suitable princess could be found, since they were all too closely related to Philip for the marriage to any of them to be seen as perfectly valid by the Church. Bertha had no kings among her traceable ancestors and lacked even tenuous links with the Carolingian that her predecessors could claim. Consequently, contemporary chroniclers did not even try to present her lineage as more exalted than that of a count's daughter. Nevertheless, the shortage of royal candidates made Bertha a suitable choice.[5] The regal title she gained by this marriage was prestigious, but had little meaning, as she was confined to her husband's small royal domain that covered little more than areas around Paris and Orléans.[2]
  
  Little is known about Bertha's queenship. She co-signed only three donation charters. However, she plays a prominent role in the hagiography titled Vita Arnulfi. The hagiography describes how she used her regal power (vi regia) to expel Abbot Gerard of Saint-Médard and reinstate the former abbot, Pontius, who had been removed due to his mismanagement of the abbey. Saint Arnulf of Soissons warned her that doing so would incur the wrath of God and lead to her being driven out of the kingdom into exile, where she would die despised and miserable. The queen furiously refused to listen to him. Although all the extant versions of Vita Arnulfi refer to the queen as Bertrada, it is clear that the queen mentioned in the hagiography is Bertha of Holland, given that the events mentioned in it took place while Bertha was queen and more than a decade before she was replaced as such by Bertrada. The hagiography, however, was written after Bertha died and during Bertrada's queenship, which might explain the name confusion.[2]
  
  Childlessness
  For six years, King Philip and Queen Bertha were troubled by their childlessness and especially by the lack of male children,[4] which was not unusual among the early male members of the House of Capet.[3] Things suddenly took a different course, however, when the Queen had three children in quick succession: a daughter named Constance in 1078 and two sons, the long-hoped heir named Louis in 1081 and Henry, born in 1083 and who died in infancy.[3][4] The birth of the long-awaited heir apparent had such a great impact that a story of a miracle developed around it. Reportedly, the couple's fertility was only restored thanks to the prayers of a hermit, Saint Arnulf of Soissons. Arnulf informed Queen Bertha that she was expecting a son and that it would be appropriate to give him the Carolingian name of Louis. A daughter named Constance soon followed. Bertha gave birth to one more son, named Henry, but he appears to have died in infancy or childhood.[2][4]
  
  Repudiation
  After the birth of three children, the marriage began breaking apart. The King became tired of his wife but the reasons are unclear. Contemporary chroniclers give different explanations. According to the English historian William of Malmesbury, Philip complained that Bertha was "too fat", though he was himself becoming too obese to ride a horse.[3][4] In 1092, Philip announced his decision to divorce "the noble and virtuous daughter of Florent count of Holland and stepdaughter of Robert the Frisian" and marry the already married Bertrada of Montfort, the wife of Count Fulk IV of Anjou. The repudiated queen withdrew to the fortress of Montreuil-sur-Mer, which was part of her dower land.[3] By doing so, Philip infuriated his stepfather-in-law. Bertha died soon thereafter, simplifying matters for Philip[3] who was now free to remarry – though not the Countess of Anjou, whose husband Fulk was still living.[4]
  
  In 1108, Philip died. The son of the queen who had been repudiated ostensibly for her obesity ascended the French throne as Louis VI. Both he and her fraternal nephew, Count Floris II of Holland, were nicknamed "the Fat".[2]
  
  Issue
  Together, Philip and Bertha had three children:
  
  Constance (1078 – 14 September 1126), married Hugh I of Champagne before 1097 and then, after her divorce, to Bohemund I of Antioch in 1106.
  Louis VI of France (1 December 1081 – 1 August 1137).
  Henry (1083 – died young).
  
  References
  ^ Crawley, Charles (2012). "Bertha of Holland". Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
  ^a b c d e f g h i j van Bussel, Marion (2012). "Bertha van Holland (ca. 1055–1094)". Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
  ^a b c d e f g Bradbury, Jim (2007). The Capetians: The History of a Dynasty. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 0826435149.
  ^a b c d e f Luscombe, David; Riley-Smith, Jonathan (2004). The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 4, c.1024-c.1198. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521414113.
  ^ Bouchard, Caroline (2001). Those of My Blood: Creating Noble Families in Medieval Francia. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0812235908.

• m. 1072 in France

1. Fleury de France, b. in France     d. ABT 1119 in Normandy, France
2. Constance of France Princess of Antioch, b. 1078 in Hermentruvilleby, Rouen, Seine Et Maritime, France     d. 25 JAN 1124 in Canossa, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
3. Louis VI “le Gros” des Francs, b. 1 DEC 1081 in Paris, Île-de-France, France     d. 1 AUG 1137 in Béthisy-Saint-Pierre, Oise, Picardie, France

1. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy - Geoffrey II of Gatinaise, father of Foulques le Rechin
   Author: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ~http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ANJOU,%20MAINE.htm#GeoffroyIIGatinaisdied1043B
   Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ANJOU,%20MAINE.htm#GeoffroyIIGatinaisdied1043B;
   Note: GEOFFROY [II] de Gâtinais, son of HUGUES du Perche Comte de Gâtinais & his wife Beatrix de Mâcon (-30 Apr [1043/47]). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 26 May 1028 under which Francon Bishop of Paris agreed with "Albericum illius supradicti Gosfredi filium et heredum" concerning a prior grant by the bishop's predecessor to "Gosfrido comiti Landonensi castri", with the approval of "fratribus ipsius Alberici, filiis Hugonis Pertice…Gosfredo et Letoldo"[200]. A genealogy presented by Foulques IV "le Réchin" Comte d'Anjou to the bishop of Angers in [1085], justifying the annulment of his fourth marriage with the daughter of Gauthier Comte de Brienne, states that "ex Letaldo, Albericus natus est, ex Alberico, Beatrix, ex Beatrice, Gosfredus de Castello Landonensi, ex Gaufrido, Gaufridus et Fulco presens"[201]. His name is confirmed by a charter (undated?) under which [his son] Geoffroy III Comte d’Anjou donated fishing rights on the Mayenne river to Angers Saint-Serge, for the souls of “Geoffroy son père et de Geoffroy Martel son oncle”[202]. He succeeded his half-brother as Comte de Gâtinais, Seigneur de Château-Landon. The fact that Aubry Comte de Gâtinais and Geoffroy [II] Comte de Gâtinais were two different individuals, the inevitable conclusion from the two sources cited, is somewhat clouded by the Historia Comitum Andegavorum which records that "Gaufridus Martellus…nepotibus suis" were "filiis Adhelæ sororis suæ et Alberici comitis de Gastinais"[203], by the Chronicle of Saint-Maxence which names "Alberici Contracti comitis de Gastina" as father of "Goffredus et Fulco Rechin"[204], and by Orderic Vitalis who records that “Goisfredus Martellus Andegavensium comes” died childless and left “Goisfredo nepoti suo Alberici Wastinensium comitis filio” as his heir[205]. No source has been identified which confirms Geoffroy’s date of death, but [1043/47] seems a reasonable estimate given the likely dates of birth of his children and the second marriage of his widow. . m ([1035]) as her first husband, ERMENGARDE d'Anjou, daughter of FOULQUES III "Nerra" Comte d'Anjou & his second wife Hildegard [de Metz] ([1015/20]-[church of Fleury-sur-Ouche, Côte d’Or 18 Mar 1076]). The Historiæ Andegavensis names "Goffridi de Castro Landono et Ermengardis filia Fulconis Comitis Andegavensis" as parents of "Fulco comes Andegavensis"[206]. Considering that she gave birth to at least one child by her second marriage, it is unlikely that Ermengarde was born earlier than [1015]. She must therefore have been considerably younger than her brother. Her first marriage is dated very approximately to [1035]. She married secondly ([1049]) as his second wife, Robert I "le Vieux" Duke of Burgundy. Her second marriage is deduced from a genealogy of the Comtes d'Anjou which names "Fulco (pater) Gosfridus et Ermengardis (mater) Gosfridus (et) Fulco (et) Hildegardis, de altero patre, filia Roberti ducis fratris Henrici regis"[207]. Her second marriage is dated from the letter written before [1050] by Jean Abbot of Fécamp to Pope Leo IX recording that "Tedbaldo comite et Burgundionum…duce R" had "abdicatis legitimi thori connumbiis" and had "in inhonestis et consanguinitate fœdatis thalamis"[208]. The necrology of Molesme records the death "XV Kal Apr" of "Robertus dux Burgundie et Ermengardis uxor eius"[209]. This entry suggests that Ermengarde died on the same day as her husband, possibly at the same place and in the same circumstances, although it is not infrequent for medieval necrologies to record couples on the same day maybe in commemoration of a joint donation to the religious institution in question. No other source which elucidates the circumstances of Ermengarde’s death has been identified. Geoffroy & his wife had three children: 1. [HILDEGARDE] de Château-Landon (-after 1060). 2. GEOFFROY de Château-Landon ([1040]-[1096/97]). 3. FOULQUES de Château-Landon (1043-14 Apr 1109, bur Anjou Sainte-Trinité).
   Page: Fulk III “Nerra”, Geoffrey III “le Barbu”, Fulk IV “le Rechin” and Fulk IV “le Jeune”, Comtes d’Anjou, in the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy [See document in the Memories section]
   
2. Title: Pedigree of the Counts of Anjou in The Journal of American History, Vol. X, Number 2, pg. 252-254 [See document in the Memories section]
   Author: The Journal of American History, Vol. X, Number 2, pg. 252-254
   Note: Pedigree of the Counts of Anjou in The Journal of American History, Vol. X, Number 2, pg. 252-254 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Pedigree of the Counts of Anjou in The Journal of American History, Vol. X, Number 2, pg. 252-254 [See document in the Memories section]
   
3. Title: U.S. and International Marriage Records, 1560-1900
   Author: Source number: 7644.000; Source type: Electronic Database; Number of Pages: 1; Submitter Code: JDM
   Publication: Name: http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?dbid=7836&h=590055&indiv=try;
   
4. Title: US & British Isle, Joseph Thomas Biographical Dictionary: 1890
   Publication: Name: http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?dbid=6142&h=1801&indiv=try;
   
5. Title: Our royal, titled, noble and commoner ancestors
   Author: Citations [S11569] Europaische Stammtafeln, by Wilhelm Karl, Prinz zu Isenburg, Vol. II, Tafel 82.
   Publication: Name: https://our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com/p192.htm#i5750;
   Note: Hildegarde de Beaugency1 Last Edited 4 Apr 2020 F, #5750, d. 1070 Father Lanzelin II, Seigneur de Beaugency1 d. 1098, aft 24 Sep Mother Alberga Hildegarde de Beaugency married Fulk IV 'the Rich', 7th Count of Anjou, son of Aubri-Geoffrey II, Count of Gatinais and Ermengarde d' Anjou; His 1st marriage.1 Hildegarde de Beaugency died in 1070.1 Family Fulk IV 'the Rich', 7th Count of Anjou b. 1043, d. 14 Apr 1109 Child Ermengarde d' Anjou+1 b. c 1068, d. 1 Jun 1147
   
6. Title: Bertrade de Montfort, "Find A Grave Index"
   Author: "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVVC-GT5L : 11 January 2023), Bertrade de Montfort, ; Burial, Saint-Remy-l'Honore, Departement des Yvelines, Île-de-France, France, Abbey of Hautes-Bruyères; citing record ID 12645596, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
   Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVVC-GT5L;
   
7. Title: Bertrada de Montfort -Queen consort of the Franks -Medlands - FMG
   Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/PARIS%20REGION%20NOBILITY.htm#_Toc319304479;
   
8. Title: US & British Isle, Joseph Thomas Biographical Dictionary: 1890
   Publication: Name: https://search.ancestry.com/collections/6142/records/1801;
   
9. Title: Bertrada de Montfort -Queen consort of the Franks
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrade_of_Montfort#:~:text=Bertrade%20de%20Montfort%20%28c.%201070%20–%2014%20February,Anjou%2C%20the%20chronicler%20John%20of%20Marmoutier%20would%20recount%3A;
   
10. Title: Ancestry Family Trees
    Author: Ancestry Family Tree
    
11. Title: Fulk le Rechin in The Feudal Kingdom of England, pgs. 79, 139-140, 153-154, 167 and 194 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: The Feudal Kingdom of England, pgs. 79, 139-140, 153-154, 167 and 194
    Note: Fulk le Rechin in The Feudal Kingdom of England, pgs. 79, 139-140, 153-154, 167 and 194 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Fulk le Rechin in The Feudal Kingdom of England, pgs. 79, 139-140, 153-154, 167 and 194 [See document in the Memories section]
    
12. Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th Edition), edited by William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall
    Author: Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th Edition), Edited By William R Beall and Kaleen E Beall; Genalogical Publishing Co., Inc, Baltimore, 1964, 2006
    
13. Title: U.S. and International Marriage Records, 1560-1900
    Author: Source number: 7645.000; Source type: Electronic Database; Number of Pages: 1; Submitter Code: JDM
    Publication: Name: http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?dbid=7836&h=849267&indiv=try;
    
14. Title: Bertha of Holland, "Find A Grave Index"
    Author: "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q295-KGW4 : 11 January 2023), Bertha of Holland, ; Burial, , ; citing record ID 150327685, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
    Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q295-KGW4;