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I.Kázmér Piast-házi Lengyel herceg


Preferred Parents:
Father: II.Mieszko Lambert Piast-házi Lengyel király, b. 990 in Poznan, Poznan, Polska   d. 10 MAY 1034 in Krakau, Polen
Mother: Richenza Lotaringiai-dinasztia, Ezzonid-házi Német-római főhercegnő lengyel királyné, b. environ 0998 in Lorraine, France   d. 21 MAR 1063 in Saalfeld, Mühlhausen Thüringen, Unstrut-Hainich-Kreis, Thüringen, Allemagne

Family 1: Dobronega Maria Vladimirovna Rurikid,    b. ABT 1011 in Kiev, Ukraine    d. 13 DEC 1087 in Kraków, Małopolskie Poland
  1. Wladyslaw I Herman , b. 1044 in Krakow, Malopolskie, Poland     d. 4 JUN 1102 in Plock, Maxowieckie, Poland
  2. Swietoslawa of Poland , b. ABT 1044 in Of, Kraków, Kraków, Poland     d. 1 SEP 1126 in Bohemia, Czech Republic
Sources:
  1. Title: Find a Grave: Casimir I King Of Poland
    Publication: Name: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/66508886;
    Note: Casimir I King Of Poland BIRTH 28 Jul 1016 Krakow, Małopolskie, Poland DEATH 28 Nov 1058 (aged 42) Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Poland BURIAL Archcathedral Basilica Of Saint Peter And Saint Pa Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Poland MEMORIAL ID 66508886 Casimir I the Restorer (Polish: Kazimierz I Odnowiciel; b. Krakow, 25 July 1016 - d. Poznan, 28 November 1058), was a Duke of Poland of the Piast dynasty and the de facto monarch of the entire country since 1034 until his death. He was the only son of Mieszko II Lambert by his wife Richeza, daughter of Count Palatine Ezzo of Lotharingia (Ezzonen) and granddaughter of Emperor Otto II. Casimir is known as the Restorer mostly because he managed to reunite all parts of the Polish Kingdom after a period of turmoil. He reinstated Masovia, Silesia and Pomerania into his realm. However, he failed to crown himself King of Poland, mainly because of internal and external threats to his rule. Relatively little is known of Casimir's early life. He must have spent his childhood at the royal court of Poland in Gniezno. In order to acquire a proper education, he was sent to one of the Polish monasteries in 1026. Some sources believed that he wanted to follow the Church career (it is probable he held the post of Oblate) and even asked for a dispensation to became a monk. This hypothesis, however, is not supported among modern historians. He left the church, however, in 1031. Casimir's father Mieszko II was crowned the King of Poland in 1025 after the death of his father Boleslaw I the Brave. However, the powerful magnates feared a strong central government reminiscent of Boleslaw I's rule. This situation led to considerable friction between the King and the nobility. Taking advantage of the King's precarious situation, Mieszko II's brothers Bezprym and Otto turned against him and allied themselves with the Emperor Conrad II, whose forces attacked the country, regaining Lusatia. Years of chaos and conflict followed, during which Mieszko II died (1034) in suspicious circumstances after he was forced to abdicate. At the time of his father's death, Casimir was in Germany in the court of his uncle Hermann II, Archbishop of Koln. In 1037 both the young prince and his mother attempted to seize the throne and returned to Poland. This precipitated a Barons rebellion, which coupled with the so called "Pagan Reaction" of the commoners forced Casimir and Richeza to flee to Saxony. However, soon Casimir returned to Poland and in 1038, once again, tried to regain power with the aide of his influential mother. This also failed and he had to flee again, this time to the Kingdom of Hungary where he was imprisoned by Stephen I. The Dowager Queen remained in Germany as a nun until her death, in 1063. The central parts of Poland were controlled by Bezprym. The central district of Wielkopolska revolted against the nobles and catholic clergy in a mass rebellion. Pagan revival ensued there for some years. The district of Masovia seceded and a local landlord named Mieclaw formed a state of his own there. A similar situation took place in Pomerania. Taking advantage of the chaos and his neighbor's' weakness, Duke Bretislaus I of Bohemia, invaded and ravaged the country: Lesser and Greater Poland were severely pillaged, captured Poznan and sacked Gniezno, bringing the relics of Saint Adalbert, Radim Gaudentius and other five eremites back with him. On the way back he conquered part of Silesia including Wroclaw and destroyed religious buildings, which were built by Mieszko I on the feast of the conversion of Poland and plundered Mieszko I's tomb. Casimir could escape to Hungary and went to Germany, where in 1039 his relative the Emperor Henry III (who feared the increased power of the Bohemian ruler) gave him military and financial support. Casimir received a troop of 1,000 heavy footmen and a significant amount of gold to restore his power in the country. Casimir also signed an alliance with Yaroslav I the Wise, the Prince of Kievan Rus', who was sealed by Casimir's marriage with Yaroslav's sister, Maria Dobronega. With such support, Casimir returned to Poland and managed to retake most of his domain. In 1041, Bretislaus defeated at the second attempt by Emperor Henry III. signed a treaty at Regensburg (1042) in which he renounced his claims to all Polish lands except for Silesia, which was to be incorporated into the Bohemian Kingdom. It was Casimir's success in strengthening royal power and ending internal strife that earned him the epithet of "the Restorer". The treaty gained Casimir a period of peace at the southern border and the capital of Poland was moved to Krakow, the only major Polish city relatively untouched by the wars. It is probable that the Holy Roman Emperor was pleased with the balance of power restored in the region and forced Casimir not to crown himself the King of Poland. In 1046 Emperor Henry III held royal and imperial courts at Merseburg and Meissen, at which he ended the strife among the Dux Bomeraniorum (Duke of Pomerania), Duke Bretislaus of Bohemia, and Casimir I. In 1047 Casimir, aided by his Kievan brother-in-law, started a war against Masovia and seized the land. It is probable that he also defeated Mieclaw's allies from Pomerania and attached Gdansk to Poland. This secured his power in central Poland. Three years later, against the will of the Emperor, Casimir seized Bohemian-controlled Silesia, thus securing most of his father's domain. In 1054 in Quedlinburg, the Emperor ruled that Silesia was to remain in Poland in exchange for a yearly tribute of 117 kg. of silver and 7 kg. of gold. At that time Casimir focused on internal matters. To strengthen his rule he re-created the bishopric in Krakow and Wroclaw and erected the new Wawel Cathedral. During Casimir's rule heraldry was introduced in Poland and, unlike his predecessors, he promoted landed gentry over the druzyna as his base of power. One of his reforms was the introduction, to Poland, of a key element of feudalism: the granting of fiefdoms to his retinue of warriors, thus gradually transforming them into medieval knights. Jerry Ferren's Wikipedia bio to be redone as soon as can get to it. Family Members Parents Photo Mieszko II Lambert unknown–1034 Photo Richeza of Lotharingia unknown–1063 Spouse Photo Dobronega of Kiev unknown–1087 Siblings Gertrude of Poland unknown–1108 Photo Richeza Of Poland 1013–1075 Children Photo Boleslaw of Poland 1042–1081 Photo Wladyslaw I Herman 1044–1102 Photo Swatawa of Poland 1048–1126
  2. Title: Wikiwand: History of Poland during the Piast dynasty
    Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Poland_during_the_Piast_dynasty;
    Note: The period of rule by the Piast dynasty between the 10th and 14th centuries is the first major stage of the history of the Polish nation. The dynasty was founded by a series of dukes listed by the chronicler Gallus Anonymous in the early 12th century: (Siemowit, Lestek and Siemomysł. It was Mieszko I, the son of Siemomysł, who is now considered the proper founder of the Polish state at about 960 AD. The ruling house then remained in power in the Polish lands until 1370. Mieszko converted to Christianity of the Western Latin Rite in an event known as the Baptism of Poland in 966, which established a major cultural boundary in Europe based on religion. He also completed a unification of the West Slavic tribal lands that was fundamental to the existence of the new country of Poland. Following the emergence of the Polish state, a series of rulers converted the population to Christianity, created a kingdom of Poland in 1025 and integrated Poland into the prevailing culture of Europe. Mieszko's son Bolesław I the Brave established a Roman Catholic Archdiocese in Gniezno, pursued territorial conquests and was officially crowned in 1025 as the first king of Poland. The first Piast monarchy collapsed with the death of Mieszko II Lambert in 1034, followed by its restoration under Casimir I in 1042. In the process, the royal dignity for Polish rulers was forfeited, and the state reverted to the status of a duchy. Duke Casimir's son Bolesław II the Bold revived the military assertiveness of Bolesław I, but became fatally involved in a conflict with Bishop Stanislaus of Szczepanów and was expelled from the country. Bolesław III, the last duke of the early period, succeeded in defending his country and recovering territories previously lost. Upon his death in 1138, Poland was divided among his sons. The resulting internal fragmentation eroded the initial Piast monarchical structure in the 12th and 13th centuries and caused fundamental and lasting changes. Konrad I of Masovia invited the Teutonic Knights to help him fight the Baltic Prussian pagans, which led to centuries of Poland's warfare with the Knights and the German Prussian state. In 1320, the kingdom was restored under Władysław I the Elbow-high, then strengthened and expanded by his son Casimir III the Great. The western provinces of Silesia and Pomerania were lost after the fragmentation, and Poland began expanding to the east. The period ended with the reigns of two members of the Capetian House of Anjou between 1370 and 1384. The consolidation in the 14th century laid the base for the new powerful kingdom of Poland that was to follow. 10th–12th century Mieszko I and the adoption of Christianity in Poland (ca. 960–992) The tribe of the Polans (Polanie, lit. "people of the fields") in what is now Greater Poland gave rise to a tribal predecessor of the Polish state in the early part of the 10th century, with the Polans settling in the flatlands around the emerging strongholds of Giecz, Poznań, Gniezno and Ostrów Lednicki. Accelerated rebuilding of old tribal fortified settlements, construction of massive new ones and territorial expansion took place during the period ca. 920–950. The Polish state developed from these tribal roots in the second half of the century. According to the 12th-century chronicler Gallus Anonymus, the Polans were ruled at this time by the Piast dynasty. In existing sources from the 10th century, Piast ruler Mieszko I was first mentioned by Widukind of Corvey in his Res gestae saxonicae, a chronicle of events in Germany. Widukind reported that Mieszko's forces were twice defeated in 963 by the Veleti tribes acting in cooperation with the Saxon exile Wichmann the Younger. Under Mieszko's rule (ca. 960 to 992), his tribal state accepted Christianity and became the Polish state. The viability of the Mieszko's emerging state was assured by the persistent territorial expansion of the early Piast rulers. Beginning with a very small area around Gniezno (before the town itself existed), the Piast expansion lasted throughout most of the 10th century and resulted in a territory approximating that of present-day Poland. The Polanie tribe conquered and merged with other Slavic tribes and first formed a tribal federation, then later a centralized state. After the addition of Lesser Poland, the country of the Vistulans, and of Silesia (both taken by Mieszko from the Czech state during the later part of the 10th century), Mieszko's state reached its mature form, including the main regions regarded as ethnically Polish. The Piast lands totaled about 250,000 km2 (96,526 sq mi) in area, with an approximate population of under one million. Initially a pagan, Mieszko I was the first ruler of the Polans tribal union known from contemporary written sources. A detailed account of aspects of Mieszko's early reign was given by Ibrâhîm ibn Ya`qûb, a Jewish traveler, according to whom Mieszko was one of four Slavic "kings" established in central and southern Europe in the 960s. In 965, Mieszko, who was allied with Boleslaus I, Duke of Bohemia at the time, married the duke's daughter Doubravka, a Christian princess. Mieszko's conversion to Christianity in its Western Latin Rite followed on 14 April 966, an event known as the Baptism of Poland that is considered to be the founding event of the Polish state. In the aftermath of Mieszko's victory over a force of the Velunzani in 967, which was led by Wichmann, the first missionary bishop was appointed: Jordan, bishop of Poland. The action counteracted the intended eastern expansion of the Magdeburg Archdiocese, which was established at about the same time. Mieszko's state had a complex political relationship with the German Holy Roman Empire, as Mieszko was a "friend," ally and vassal of Holy Roman Emperor Otto I and paid him tribute from the western part of his lands. Mieszko fought wars with the Polabian Slavs, the Czechs, Margrave Gero of the Saxon Eastern March in 963–964 and Margrave Odo I of the Saxon Eastern March in 972 in the Battle of Cedynia. The victories over Wichmann and Odo allowed Mieszko to extend his Pomeranian possessions west to the vicinity of the Oder River and its mouth. After the death of Otto I, and then again after the death of Holy Roman Emperor Otto II, Mieszko supported Henry the Quarrelsome, a pretender to the imperial crown. After the death of Doubravka in 977, Mieszko married Oda von Haldensleben, daughter of Dietrich, Margrave of the Northern March, ca. 980. When fighting the Czechs in 990, Mieszko was helped by the Holy Roman Empire. By about the year 990, when Mieszko I officially submitted his country to the authority of the Holy See (Dagome iudex), he had transformed Poland into one of the strongest powers in central-eastern Europe. The reign of Bolesław I and establishment of a Kingdom of Poland (992–1025) When Mieszko I died in 992, he was succeeded by his son Bolesław contrary to his wishes. In order to ascend the throne, Bolesław had to contest it with his widowed stepmother Oda, his father's second wife, and her minor sons. Bolesław was Mieszko's oldest son, born to his first wife Doubravka of Bohemia, who died in 977. His father intended to divide the duchy of Poland between his sons, but Bolesław succeeded in displacing his stepmother and stepbrothers to become the sole ruler of Poland. Consistent with the intrigues he pursued at the start of his reign to secure his throne, Bolesław I Chrobry ("the Brave") proved himself to be a man of high ambition and strong personality. One of the most important concerns of Bolesław's early reign was building up the Polish church. Bolesław cultivated Adalbert of Prague of the Slavník family, a well-connected Czech bishop in exile and missionary who was killed in 997 while on a mission in Prussia. Bolesław skillfully took advantage of his death: his martyrdom led to his elevation as patron saint of Poland and resulted in the creation of an independent Polish province of the Church with Radim Gaudentius as Archbishop of Gniezno. In the year 1000, the young Emperor Otto III came as a pilgrim to visit St. Adalbert's grave and lent his support to Bolesław during the Congress of Gniezno; the Gniezno Archdiocese and several subordinate dioceses were established on this occasion. The Polish ecclesiastical province effectively served as an essential anchor and an institution to fall back on for the Piast state, helping it to survive in the troubled centuries ahead. Bolesław at first chose to continue his father's policy of cooperation with the Holy Roman Empire but when Emperor Otto III died in 1002, Bolesław's relationship with his successor Henry II turned out to be much more difficult, and it resulted in a series of wars (1002–1005, 1007–1013, 1015–1018). From 1003–1004, Bolesław intervened militarily in Czech dynastic conflicts. After his forces were removed from Bohemia in 1018, Bolesław retained Moravia. In 1013, the marriage between Bolesław's son Mieszko and Richeza of Lotharingia, the niece of Emperor Otto III and future mother of Casimir I the Restorer, took place. The conflicts with Germany ended in 1018 with the Peace of Bautzen on favorable terms for Bolesław. In the context of the 1018 Kiev expedition, Bolesław took over the western part of Red Ruthenia. In 1025, shortly before his death, Bolesław I finally succeeded in obtaining the papal permission to crown himself, and he became the first king of Poland. Bolesław's expansionist policies were costly to the Polish state and were not always successful. He lost, for example, the economically crucial Farther Pomerania in 1005 together with its new bishopric in Kołobrzeg; the region had previously been conquered with great effort by Mieszko. Mieszko II and the collapse of the Piast kingdom (1025–1039) King Mieszko II Lambert (r. 1025–1034) tried to continue the expansionist politics of his father. His actions reinforced old resentment and hostility on the part of Pol...
  3. Title: Wikiwand: Piast dynasty
    Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Piast_dynasty;
    Note: The Piast dynasty was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Prince Mieszko I (c. 930–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of king Casimir III the Great. Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male Silesian Piast died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire. Origin of the name The early dukes and kings of Poland are said to have regarded themselves as descendants of the semi-legendary Piast the Wheelwright (Piast Kołodziej), first mentioned in the Cronicae et gesta ducum sive principum Polonorum (Chronicles and deeds of the dukes or princes of the Poles), written c. 1113 by Gallus Anonymus. However, the term "Piast Dynasty" was not applied until the 17th century. In a historical work the expression Piast dynasty was introduced by the Polish historian Adam Naruszewicz, it is not documented in contemporary sources. No one in over a 1000 years of Polish history bore the first name Piast. History Main article: History of Poland during the Piast dynasty The first "Piasts," probably of Polan descent, appeared around 940 in the territory of Greater Poland at the stronghold of Giecz. Shortly afterwards they relocated their residence to Gniezno, where Prince Mieszko I ruled over the Civitas Schinesghe from about 960. The name Polani, from Slavic: pole ("field"), did not appear until 1015. The Piasts temporarily also ruled over Pomerania, Bohemia and the Lusatias, as well as Ruthenia, and the Hungarian Spiš region in present-day Slovakia. The ruler bore the title of a duke or a king, depending on their position of power. The Polish monarchy had to deal with the expansionist policies of the Holy Roman Empire in the west, resulting in a chequered co-existence, with Piast rulers like Mieszko I, Casimir I the Restorer or Władysław I Herman trying to protect the Polish state by treaties, oath of allegiances and marriage politics with the Imperial Ottonian and Salian dynasties. The Bohemian Přemyslid dynasty, the Hungarian Arpads and their Anjou successors, the Kievan Rus', later also the State of the Teutonic Order and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were mighty neighbours. The Piast position was decisively enfeebled by an era of fragmentation following the 1138 Testament of Bolesław III Krzywousty. For nearly 150 years, the Polish state shattered into several duchies, with the Piast duke against the formally valid principle of agnatic seniority fighting for the throne at Kraków, the capital of the Lesser Polish Seniorate Province. Numerous dukes like Mieszko III the Old, Władysław III Spindleshanks or Leszek I the White were crowned, only to be overthrown shortly afterwards. The senior branch of the Silesian Piasts, descendants of Bolesław III Krzywousty's eldest son Duke Władysław II the Exile, went separate ways and since the 14th century were vassals of the Bohemian Crown. After the Polish royal line and Piast junior branch had died out in 1370, the Polish crown fell to the Anjou king Louis I of Hungary, son of late King Casimir's sister Elizabeth Piast. The Masovian branch of the Piasts became extinct with the death of Duke Janusz III in 1526. The last ruling duke of the Silesian Piasts was George William of Legnica who died in 1675. His uncle Count August of Legnica, the last male Piast, died in 1679. The last legitimate heir, Duchess Karolina of Legnica-Brieg died in 1707 and is buried in Trzebnica Abbey. Nevertheless, numerous families, like the illegitimate descendants of the Silesian duke Adam Wenceslaus of Cieszyn (1574–1617), link their genealogy to the dynasty. Coat of arms About 1295, Przemysł II used a coat of arms with a white eagle – a symbol later referred to as the Piast coat of arms or as the Piast Eagle. Piast rulers Piast kings and rulers of Poland appear in list form in the following table. For a list of all rulers, see List of Polish monarchs. Dukes of the Polans Name Lifespan Reign start Reign end Notes Family Image Chościsko Latin: Semovit filius Past Ckosisconis, Pazt filius Chosisconisu Duke 9th century 9th century 9th century A legendary ruler of the Polans, father of Piast the Wheelwright Polans (Tribe) Piast the Wheelwright Polish: Piast Kołodziej Latin: Past Ckosisconis, Pazt filius Chosisconisu Duke 9th century 9th century 9th century A legendary ruler of the Polans Son of Chościsko, father of Siemowit Founder of the Piast dynasty Piast Siemowit Ziemowit Duke 9th century 9th century 9th century A semi-legendary ruler of the Polans, son of Piast the Wheelwright and Rzepicha Piast Lestek Leszek, Lestko Duke 9th / 10th centuries 9th / 10th centuries 9th / 10th centuries A semi-legendary ruler of the Polans, son of Siemowit Piast Siemomysł Ziemomysł Duke 10th century 10th century 10th century A semi-legendary ruler of the Polans, son of Lestek Piast Dukes and Kings of Poland Name Lifespan Reign start Reign end Notes Family Image Mieszko I of Poland Duke ca. 940 – 25 May 992 ca. 960 992 Son of Siemomysł First Christian monarch Misico, dux Wandalorum Piast Bolesław I the Brave Bolesław I the Great Polish: Bolesław I Chrobry (Wielki) King 967 – 17 June 1025 Duke: 992 King: 18 April 1025 Duke: 18 April 1025 King: 17 June 1025 Son of Mieszko I and Dobrawa of Bohemia First to be crowned King Regnum Sclavorum, Gothorum sive Polonorum Piast Mieszko II Lambert King ca. 990 – 10/11 May 1034 1025 1031 Son of Bolesław I and Emnilda of Lusatia Piast Bezprym Duke ca. 986 – 1032 1031 1032 Son of Bolesław I and Judith of Hungary (disputed) Piast Otto Bolesławowic Duke 1000 – 1033 1032 1032 Son of Bolesław I and Emnilda Piast Theodorick Dytryk Duke after 992 - after 1032 1032 1032 /1033 Grandson of Mieszko I and Oda of Haldensleben Piast Mieszko II Lambert Duke ca. 990 – 10/11 May 1034 1032 1034 Restored Piast Bolesław the Forgotten Polish: Bolesław Zapomniany Duke before 1016 – 1038 or 1039 1034 1038 /1039 Semi-legendary, existence disputed Piast Casimir I the Restorer Polish: Kazimierz I Odnowiciel Duke 25 June 1016 – 28 November 1058 (aged 42) 1039 1058 Son of Mieszko II and Richeza of Lotharingia Piast Bolesław II the Bold Polish: Bolesław II Szczodry / Śmiały King ca. 1041 or 1042 – 2 or 3 April 1081 or 1082 Duke: 1058 King: 1076 Duke: 1076 King: 1079 Son of Kazimierz I and Maria Dobroniega of Kiev Piast Władysław I Herman Duke ca. 1044 – 4 June 1102 1079 1102 Son of Kazimierz I and Maria Dobroniega Piast Zbigniew Zbygniew Duke ca. 1073 – 8 July 1113 1102 1107 Son of Władysław I and Przecława of Prawdzic coat of arms (disputed) First jointly with Władysław I 1098-1102 Piast Bolesław III Wrymouth Polish: Bolesław III Krzywousty Duke 20 August 1086 – 28 October 1138 (aged 52) 1107 1138 Son of Władysław I and Judith of Bohemia First jointly with Władysław 1098-1102 Introduced senioral principle Piast High Dukes of Poland (Fragmentation of the Kingdom) Name Lifespan Reign start Reign end Notes Family Image Władysław II the Exile Polish: Władysław II Wygnaniec High Duke Supreme Prince 1105 – 30 May 1159 1138 1146 Son of Bolesław III and Zbyslava of Kiev Also Duke of Silesia Exiled by his brothers Piast Bolesław IV the Curly Polish: Bolesław Kędzierzawy High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1125 – 5 January 1173 1146 1173 Son of Bolesław III and Salomea of Berg Also Duke of Masovia Piast Mieszko III the Old Polish: Mieszko III Stary High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1127 – 13 March 1202 1173 1177 Son of Bolesław III and Salomea Also Duke of Greater Poland Piast Casimir II the Just Polish: Kazimierz II Sprawiedliwy High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1138 – 5 May 1194 1177 1190 Son of Bolesław III and Salomea Also Duke of Wiślica and Sandomierz Piast Mieszko III the Old Polish: Mieszko III Stary High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1127 – 13 March 1202 1190 1190 Restored Piast Casimir II the Just Polish: Kazimierz II Sprawiedliwy High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1138 – 5 May 1194 1190 1194 Restored Piast Leszek I the White Polish: Leszek Biały High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1186 – 24 November 1227 1194 1198 Son of Casimir II and Helen of Znojmo Also Duke of Sandomierz Piast Mieszko III the Old Polish: Mieszko III Stary High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1127 – 13 March 1202 1198 1199 Restored Piast Leszek I the White Polish: Leszek Biały High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1186 – 24 November 1227 1199 1199 Restored Piast Mieszko III the Old Polish: Mieszko III Stary High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1127 – 13 March 1202 1199 1202 Restored Piast Władysław III Spindleshanks Polish: Władysław III Laskonogi High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1161/66 – 3 November 1231 1202 1202 Son of Mieszko III and Eudoxia of Kiev Also Duke of Greater Poland Piast Leszek I the White Polish: Leszek Biały High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1186 – 24 November 1227 1202 1210 Restored Piast Mieszko IV Tanglefoot Polish: Mieszko I Plątonogi High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1130 – 16 May 1211 1210 1211 Son of Władysław II and Agnes of Babenberg Also Duke of Silesia Piast Leszek I the White Polish: Leszek Biały High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1186 – 24 November 1227 1211 1225 Restored Piast Henryk I the Bearded Polish: Henryk I Brodaty High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1165 – 19 March 1238 1225 1225 Grandson of Władysław II, son of Bolesław I the Tall and Krystyna Also Duke of Silesia Piast Leszek I the White Polish: Leszek Biały High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1186 – 24 November 1227 1225 1227 Restored Assassinated Piast Władysław III Spindleshanks Polish: Władysław III Laskonogi High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1161/66 – 3 November 1231 1227 1229 Restored Piast Konrad I of Masovia Polish: Konrad I Mazowiecki High Duke Supreme Prince ca. 1187/88 – 31 August 1247 1229 1232 Son of Kazimierz II and Helen of Znojmo Also Duke of Masovia Piast Henryk I the Bearded Polish: Henryk I Brodaty ....
  4. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Casimir I "the Restorer" King of Poland -
    Author: Ancestral Roots of Certain Americian Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr, Page number: 147-23, 241-5
    Note: Source Media Type: Book
    Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736741115
  5. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: KAZIMIERZ KAROL
    Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/POLAND.htm#_ftnref128;
    Note: MIESZKO LAMBERT of Poland, son of BOŁESLAW I "Chrobry" Prince [King in 1025] of Poland & his [third/fourth] wife Emnilda --- (990-10 May 1034). Thietmar refers to the two sons of Boleslaw as his wife Emnilde as "Miesco and another…named after his beloved lord [Otto]" The Chronicæ Polanorum names "secundus Mescho" as son of "magnus Bolezlavum." The Annales Kamenzenses record the birth in 990 of "Mesco filius Bolezlai." The Annales Silesiaci Compilati record the birth in 990 of "Boleslau filius Meczko." The Chronica principum Polonie records that "Boleslaus" had "filium Meziconem secundum" in 990. He succeeded his father in 1025 as MIESZKO II King of Poland. He launched raids on the territory of the Ostmark in 1030, devastating hundreds of villages. A German-Russian coalition defeated King Mieszko in 1030, conquered territory, divided what remained of Poland between members of the Piast dynasty and forced the king to send his crown to Germany. The country descended into civil war. The Annales Cracovienses Vetusti record the death in 1034 of "Mysko rex Poloniorum." The necrology of Merseburg records the death "10 May" of "Lanpertus sive Misico dux poloniorum." m ([1013], [divorced]) RICHEZA, daughter of EZZO Pfalzgraf of Lotharingia & his wife Mathilde of Germany (-21 Mar 1063, bur Köln St Maria ad gradus). The Brunwilarensis Monasterii Fundatio names the seven daughters (in order) "Richza, Adelheit, Ida, Mathild, Theophanu, Heylewig, Sophia" as children of "Herenfridus comes palatinus, qui post Ezo nominatus est" and his wife "Mathilde filia Magni Ottonis," specifying in a later passage that "Richza" was divorced from her husband and was mother of "Gazimerum." The Annales Kamenzenses record the marriage in 1013 of "Mesco filius Bolezlai primi" and "sororem Ottonis tercii imperatoris." "Heinricus…Romanorum imperator augustus" confirmed the foundation of Kloster Brauweiler by charter dated 18 Jul 1051 which names "Richeza regina quondam Poleniæ…pro remedio anime sue fratrisque sui beate memorie Ottonis ducis aliorumque parentum suorum in monasterio Brunwilarensi sepultorum…per manum Heinrici palatini comitis filii patrui sui" and witnessed by "Heinricus comes palatinus, Sicco comes, Starchri comes…". She fled for shelter to a western monastery when Poland descended into civil war. The Kalendarium of Köln Cathedral records the death “XII Kal Mai” of “Rigza regina soror Herimanni archiepiscopi.” King Miesko II & his wife had four children: 1. KAZIMIERZ KAROL (25 Jul 1016-19 Mar 1058). The Annales Capituli Cracoviensis record the birth "1016 VIII Kal Aug" of "Kazimirus dux." The Annales Cracovienses Vetusti record the birth in 1016 of "Kazimyr." The Annales Kamenzenses record the birth in 1015 of "Kasimir dux." He became a monk but was dispensed his monastic vows by the Pope in order to reconquer his country. He obtained military support from Germany and succeeded in 1039 as KAZIMIERZ I "Odnowiciel/the Renewer/the Restorer" Prince of Poland. The Annalista Saxo records the return to Poland in 1039 of "Kazimer filius Miseconis ducis Polanorum," specifying that he married "regis Ruscie filiam" and naming their two sons. The Annales Capituli Cracoviensis record the death of "Kazimirus dux" in 1058. The necrology of Regensburg St Emmeran records the death "XIV Kal Apr" of "Gazmer dux." m (1043) DOBRONEGA MARIA Vladimirovna of Kiev, illegitimate daughter of VLADIMIR I Sviatoslavich "Velikiy/the Great" Grand Prince of Kiev & his mistress --- (before 1012-1087). The Annales Polanorum state that "Kazimirum duxit ex Russia Mariam" in 1025[137], although the date is clearly inaccurate. The Chronicæ Polanorum refers to the wife of King Kazimierz as "de Rusia nobilem." The Chronica principum Polonie records that "Kazimirus" married "Dobrognewam." The Primary Chronicle records the marriage of "Yaroslav's sister" to Kazimierz of Poland in 1043 but does not name her. The Annales Capituli Cracoviensis record the death in 1087 of "Dobronega uxor Kazimir." Prince Kazimierz & his wife had five children: a) BOLESŁAW ([1043]-1082). The Chronicæ Polanorum names (in order) the four sons "Bolezlavus, Wladislaus, Mescho et Otto" of King Kazimierz, and an (unnamed) daughter who married "regi Bohemiæ." The Chronica principum Polonie records that one source names "duos filios, Bolcelsum secundum et Wladislaum primum" as the children of "Kazimirus" and his wife "Dobrognewam," adding that another source names "quatuor…filios Boleslaum, Wladislaum, Meziconem et Ottonem unamque filiam" as his children by his unnamed wife "de Russia." "Vladizlaum et Bolizlaum" are named as sons of Kazimierz & his wife in the Annalista Saxo. He succeeded in 1058 as BOLESŁAW II "Szczodry/the Liberal" Prince of Poland. King of Poland: the Annales Cracovienses Vetusti record the coronation in 1077 of "Bolezlaus secundus." He murdered the Bishop of Krakow in 1079, was deposed and expelled from Poland. The Annales Cracovienses Vetusti record the death in 1082 of "Bolezlaus secundus." m (before 1069) VIZESLAVA Sviatoslavna, daughter of SVIATOSLAV II Iaroslavich Prince of Chernigov, Grand Prince of Kiev & his wife --- von Dithmarschen. Baumgarten names the wife of Bolesław II and gives her origin, citing primary sources in support. King Bolesław II & his wife had one child: i) MIESZKO (1069-1089). The Annales Capituli Cracoviensis record the birth of "Mesko…filius Bolezlai" in 1069. The Chronicæ Polanorum names "Meschonem" as son of King Bolesław, specifying that his wife was "Ruthena puella." The Annales Capituli Cracoviensis record the death in 1089 of "Mesko regis Bolezlai filius." m (1088) [EUDOXIA] Iziaslavna, daughter of IZIASLAV I Iaroslavich Grand Prince of Kiev & his wife Gertruda of Poland (-1089). The Annales Capituli Cracoviensis record that in 1088 "Mesko uxorem duxit" without naming his wife. Baumgarten records the parentage of the wife of Mieszko and suggests that her name was EUDOXIA, citing primary sources in support. b) WŁADYSŁAW HERMAN ([1044]-4 Jun 1102). The Chronicæ Polanorum names (in order) the four sons "Bolezlavus, Wladislaus, Mescho et Otto" of King Kazimierz, and an (unnamed) daughter who married "regi Bohemiæ." "Vladizlaum et Bolizlaum" are named as sons of Kazimierz & his wife in the Annalista Saxo. He succeeded in 1080 as WŁADYSŁAW I HERMAN Prince of Poland. - see below. c) MIESZKO (16 Apr 1045-28 Jan 1065). The Chronicæ Polanorum names (in order) the four sons "Bolezlavus, Wladislaus, Mescho et Otto" of King Kazimierz, and an (unnamed) daughter who married "regi Bohemiæ." The Annales Capituli Cracoviensis record the birth "1045 XVI Kal Mai" of "Mesko filius Kazimir." The Annales Cracovienses Vetusti record the birth in 1045 of "Mysco." d) OTTO ([1046/48]-1048). The Chronicæ Polanorum names (in order) the four sons "Bolezlavus, Wladislaus, Mescho et Otto" of King Kazimierz, and an (unnamed) daughter who married "regi Bohemiæ." The Annales Capituli Cracoviensis record the death of "Otto dux" in 1048. e) SWIĘTOSŁAWA [Swatawa] ([1048]-1 Sep 1126). The Chronicæ Polanorum names (in order) "Bolezlavus, Wladislaus, Mescho et Otto" sons of King Kazimierz, and an (unnamed) daughter who married "regi Bohemiæ." The Annalista Saxo records the marriage of Duke Vratislav with "Zuatavam, Kazimer ducis Polanorum filiam," after the death of his Hungarian wife. The Chronica Boemorum records the marriage of "Wratislaus dux" and "Zustavam, Kazimir Poloniorum ducis natam, Bloezlai vero et Uladizlai germanam" after the death of "ductrix Adleyth." The Monachi Sazavensis Continuatio Cosmæ; records the death "Kal Sep 1126" of "Zvatava regina mater Sobezlai ducis." m ([1062/63]) VRATISLAV II Duke of the Bohemians, son of BŘETISLAV Duke of the Bohemians & his wife Judith von Schweinfurt ([1032]-14 Jan 1092). 2. [daughter . The Annales Sanctæ Crucis Polonici record that "Stephanus rex…filium…Emrich" married "Meszkone rege Polonie…filiam." However, this report in the Annales may have been due to confusion with the marriage of another of King Miesko's daughters, reported in the Gesta Hungarorum as having married the future Béla I King of Hungary while he was in exile in Poland. It does not appear likely that King István's political relations with Poland would have been sufficiently close for him to have arranged a Polish marriage for his heir. The king's main political alliance was with Germany, whose relations with Poland were tense during the reigns of Emperor Heinrich II and Emperor Konrad II. m IMRE of Hungary, son of ISTVÁN I King of Hungary & his wife Gisela of Bavaria ([1007]-killed Bihar 2 Nov 1031).] 3. [RYKSA] ([1018]-after 1059). The Gesta Hungarorum records the marriage of Béla and "filia Miskæ [Polonorum duce]" while he was in exile in Poland but does not name her. The Kronika Węgiersko-Polska records that "Bela" married "rex Polonie filiam." Ryksa is shown as her possible name in Europäische Stammtafeln, but the primary source on which this is based has not been identified. m ([1039/42]) BÉLA of Hungary, son of VÁSZOLY [Vazúl] Prince of Hungary, Duke between March and Gran, & --- of the Bulgarians (1016-Kanisza creek Dec 1063, bur Szögszárd Abbey). He succeeded in 1060 as BÉLA I King of Hungary. 4. GERTRUDA (-4 Jan 1108). Baumgarten names the wife of Grand Prince Iziaslav and gives her origin, citing primary sources in support. The Primary Chronicle records that "the Princess, Svyatopolk's mother" died 4 Jan 1107. m ([1043]) IZIASLAV Iaroslavich Prince of Turov, son of IAROSLAV I "Mudriy/the Wise" Grand Prince of Kiev & his second wife Ingigerd Olafsdottir of Sweden (1024-killed in battle Nezhatinaia Niva 3 Oct 1078, bur Kiev). He succeeded in 1054 as IZIASLAV I Grand Prince of Kiev.
  6. Title: Włodzimierz Dworzaczek (Genealogia i Teki Dworzaczka), Polski Słownik Biograficzny
    Author: Włodzimierz Dworzaczek (Genealogia i Teki Dworzaczka) - dw.83 Bohdan Łuszczyński, Silva Heraldica - lu.8 Polski Słownik Biograficzny t. 12 str. 261: psb.11241.1 Polski Słownik Biograficzny t. 2 str. 254: psb.1763.2
    Publication: Name: http://wielcy.pl/wgm/?m=NG&t=PN&n=dw.83;
  7. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Casimir I "the Restorer" King of Poland -
    Author: Royalty for Commoners, 2nd Ed; Roderick W Stuart {1988}, Page number: 361-32, 378-33
    Note: Source Media Type: Book
    Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736742394
  8. Title: Wielka Genealogia Minakowskiego, http://www.sejm-wielki.pl/
    Publication: Name: http://www.sejm-wielki.pl;
    Note: Very frustrating database search key goes nowhere name search did not produce results from the 10th century
  9. Title: Peerage, The
    Author: Darryl Lundy, The Peerage, a genealogical survey of teh Peerage of Britian as well as the royal families of Europe(http://thepeerage.com : accessed 31 Jul 2019), Casimir I, Duke of Poland. Cit. Date: 31 Jan 2019;
    Note: Casimir I, Duke of Poland was born in 1016.1 He was the son of Mieszko II Lambert, King of Poland.2 He married Dobronega Maria of Kiev, daughter of St. Vladimir I, Grand Duke of Kiev, circa 1041.1 He died in 1058.1 He was a member of the House of Piast.2 Casimir I, Duke of Poland also went by the nick-name of Casimir \'the Restorer.2 He succeeded as the Duke of Poland in 1034.1Children of Casimir I, Duke of Poland and Dobronega Maria of Kiev Swatawa Piast1 d. 1126 Boleslaw II, King of Poland+1 b. 1042, d. 1081 Wladislaw I Herman, Duke of Poland+1 b. 1043, d. 1102 Mieszko Piast1 b. 1045, d. 1065Citations [S16] Jir Louda and Michael MacLagan, Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, 2nd edition (London, U.K.: Little, Brown and Company, 1999), table 132. Hereinafter cited as Lines of Succession. [S38] John Morby, Dynasties of the World: a chronological and genealogical handbook (Oxford, Oxfordshire, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1989), page 157. Hereinafter cited as Dynasties of the World.
  10. Title: Legacy NFS Source: King Kazimierz I Karol "Restorer" Poland Prince -
    Author: Casimir I of Poland: Encyclopaedia of World History, page 241
    Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2737223000
  11. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Kazimierz I Karol Poland -
    Author: Royal Index, University of Hull, England, Internet, Internet, www.dcs.hull.ac.uk
    Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2332880681
  12. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Casimir I "the Restorer" King of Poland -
    Author: Encyclopedia Britannica, Page number: Treatise on Casimir I, Vladimir
    Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736742378
  13. Title: Casimir I King Of Poland, "Find A Grave Index"
    Author: "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV28-PX6M : 23 November 2022), Casimir I King Of Poland, ; Burial, Poznań, Miasto Poznań, Wielkopolskie, Poland, Bazylika Archikatedralna; citing record ID 66508886, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
    Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV28-PX6M;
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