Ælfflaed of Northumbria III

• Preferred Name: Ælfflaed of Northumbria III^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17]}
  
• Alternate Name: Ælfflæd of Bamburgh Countess of Northumbria
  
• Alternate Name: of Northumbria
  
• Gender: F
  
• ONE+OF+3+SISTERS+ALL+NAMED+"AELFLEDA": with note: Description: Simeon of Durham identifies 3 daughters of Ealdred who were named "Aelfleda". https://archive.org/details/historicalworks00simegoog/page/n361/mode/1up
  
• Death: ABT 1060 in Northumberland, England
  
• Birth: BEF 1020 in Bamburgh, Northumberland, England at LATI: N5.6304 LONG: E1.7248
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Countess of Northumbria
  
• FSID: 9ZCG-R7L
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Ælfflæd was the daughter of Ealdred, Earl of Bernicia, and his wife Edgina. She was also the granddaughter of Uchtred the Bold, Ealdorman of Northumbria. Born in Bamburgh sometime before 1020, Ælfflæd had 2 older sisters of the same name.
  
  Simeon of Durham identifies 5 daughters of Ealdred and tells us there were 3 who were named "Aelfleda". There is no other record of 2 of the "Aelfledas". This leads to the conclusion that they died young.
  
  It is not uncommon to see the same name used multiple times in families of this time period. If a child died young, often the next child born of the same sex was given the same name.
  
  This is the 3rd born "Aelfleda", who would have been born after her sisters of the same name had died. She is the only daughter of this name to be found in sources other than that of Simeon of Durham, and the only daughter of this name to survive to adulthood.
  
  Ælfflæd (Aelfleda) also had 2 younger sisters named Ealdgyth (Aldgitha) and Etheldreda (Etheldritha).
  
  Simion goes on to say that this 3rd 'Aelfleda' "married earl Siward, by whom she became the mother of Waltheof ; and as this Aelfleda was countess, being the daughter of earl Aldred, and he the son of earl Ucthred and the daughter of bishop Aldun, — she laid claim to these lands following, as belonging to her by hereditary right: namely, Bemetun, Kymingeim, Eltun, Carltun, Heaclif, and He- seldene, which earl Siward her husband had given her ; and she gave to her son Waltheof the earldom of Northumberland, as it had been held by Waltheof s grandfather, earl Aldred."
  
  In 1033 Ælfflæd became the 2nd wife of Siward Björnsson, Earl of Northumbria, a powerful theng of King Cnut. The marriage strengthened Siward's position in Northumbria, so much so that he rose to become sub-ruler of most of northern England.
  
  Ælfflæd and Siward had 2 sons:
  - Osbjorn (Osbearne) who died in 1054
  - Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria
  
  Osbjorn was much older than Waltheof and while many sources report him as the son of Ælfflæd, his mother was never identified in records, therefore, it is possible he was the son of Siward's 1st wife Godgifu. Waltheof, however, was definitively identified as the son of Ælfflæd.
  
  Oldest son Osbjorn died in battle against MacBeth in 1054. Siward died in 1055. Waltheof was but 10 years old at the time of his father's death. It is not recorded when Ælfflæd died, it is believed she survived her husband and continued to raise Waltheof.
  
  There is no record of Ælfflæd marrying a 2nd time.
  
  Waltheof grew up to eventually become Earl of Northumbria himself. He married Judith of Lens, the niece of William the Conqueror. Waltheof and Judith had children, their oldest daughter Maud married David I King of Scotland. Through her granddaughter Ælfflæd became one of the many ancestors of the later Scottish and British monarchs.
  --------------------------------------------------------
  
  "Ealdred's daughter, Aelfflaed, WAS THE SECOND WIFE of Siward and her son was Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria."
  --> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earl_Ealdred,_son_of_Uchtred
  
  "[Siward] entrenched his position in northern England by marrying Ælfflæd, the daughter of Ealdred, Earl of Bamburgh. After killing Ealdred's successor Eadulf in 1041, Siward gained control of all Northumbria."
  --> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siward,_Earl_of_Northumbria
  
  In 1033 Siward married into the Northumbrian princely house, that of Bamburgh (after winning their admiration as a warrior) by taking Aelfled, granddaughter of Uchtred, former Earl of Northumbria, as his wife and thus strengthening his own position in that domain.
  https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/937974
  
  Siward then entrenched his position in northern England by marrying Ælfflæd, the daughter of Ealdred, Earl of Bamburgh and granddaughter of Uhtred the Bold.
  http://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/vikings_18.html
  
  ----------------------------------------
  http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20AngloSaxon%20nobility.htm#AelfledMSiward
  
  === Source: ===
  http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/GEN-MEDIEVAL/2009-05/1241638477
  
  === Line 12987 from GEDCOM File not recogniz ===
  Line 12987 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: SOUR @S01@
  
  === ANCESTRAL FILE, LDS GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY ===
  ANCESTRAL FILE, LDS GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY;
  
  === Line 14482 from GEDCOM File not recogniz ===
  Line 14482 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: SOUR @S01@ From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
  
  === From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 J ===
  From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
  
  === I believe Uhtred is her grandfather. ===
  I believe Uhtred is her grandfather.
  
  === Still Living. ===
  Still Living.
  
  === From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 J ===
  From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996. From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
  
  === !Information from United Ancestries ===
  !Information from United Ancestries
  
  === From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 J ===
  From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996. From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996. From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
  
  === !NAME VARIENT: Aelfled ===
  !NAME VARIENT: Aelfled
  
  === of Northumbria ===
  of Northumbria
  
  === From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 J ===
  From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
  
  === : TITL Countess of Northumberland !: SOU ===
  : TITL Countess of Northumberland !: SOUR AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints TITL Ancestral File(TM) PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998 REPO @R01@
  
  === record altered ===
  record altered
  
  === !: SOUR AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ ===
  !: SOUR AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints TITL Ancestral File(TM) PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998 REPO @R01@
  
  === All details for this living person have ===
  All details for this living person have been suppressed.
  
  === ! Source is from "Our Plafs Roots Are Tr ===
  ! Source is from "Our Plafs Roots Are True" A Genealogy of Kochert and Nieb Families, by Ethel Clift Philips, "Neuhart Nobility" by Rev Kransten, published 1983. The information in the book is derived from church records of Rumbach and Family records. Page 198.
  
  === !MARRIAGE: Aelfled and Sigurd, Earl - Do ===
  !MARRIAGE: Aelfled and Sigurd, Earl - Doc. Line 98A-23
  
  === !Claimed Bermtun and other lands for her ===
  !Claimed Bermtun and other lands for herself which her husband gave her.

• m. ABT 1045

1. Waltheof of Northumbria, b. 1046 in Bamburgh Castle, Northumberland, England     d. 31 MAY 1076 in Winchester, Hampshire, England

1. Title: The historical works of Simeon of Durham, tr., with preface and notes, by J. Stevenson by Simeon
   Author: Archive.org The historical works of Simeon of Durham, tr., with preface and notes, by J. Stevenson by Simeon Publication date 1855 Collection europeanlibraries Digitizing sponsor Google Book from the collections of Oxford University Language English Book digitized by Google from the library of Oxford University and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb. Addeddate 2009-03-07 21:23:40 Copyright-region US Identifier historicalworks00simegoog Identifier-ark ark:/13960/t49p3d44d Ocr ABBYY FineReader 8.0 Pages 393 Possible copyright status NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT
   Publication: Name: https://archive.org/details/historicalworks00simegoog/page/n361/mode/1up?q=Etheldritha;
   Note: page 767 Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name, Aelfleda ; the fourth was called Aldgitha, and the fifth Etheldritha. One of these Aelfledas married earl Siward, by whom she became the mother of Waltheof ; and as this Aelfleda was countess, — being the daughter of earl Aldred, and he the son of earl Ucthred and the daughter of bishop Aldun, — she laid claim page 768 to these lands following, as belonging to her by hereditary right ; namely, Bemetun, Kymingeim, Eltun, Carltun, Heaclif, and He- seldene, which earl Siward her husband had given her ; and she gave to her son Waltheof the earldom of Northumberland, as it had been held by Waltheof s grandfather, earl Aldred. Upon the death of earl Siward and the countess Alfleda, the daughter of earl Aldred, a war broke out, in consequence of which that land was devastated. After a long time, that Arkil, the son of Ecgfrid, already mentioned, (who had taken to wife Sigrida, the daughter of Kilvert and of Ecgfrida* the daughter of bishop Aldun,) possessed himself of these lands, which had been thus devastated. and they settled upon them. Upon the death of his wife Sigrida, he save not only Heseldene to St. Cuthbert but also Heaclif and Cantun, which are still in the possession of the church. Arkil the son of Fridegist, and earl Eadulf, and Arkil the son of Ecgfrith, these three had Sigrida [to wife]. Afterwards, when king William came into England, this Arkil took to flight, and became a banished man; and thus for the second time this land continued devastated. After these occurrences, a certain thane of Yorkshire, called Orm, the son of Gamel, took to wife Etheldritha, one of the five daughters of earl Aldred ; and she bare to him a daughter named Ecg- frida who, by Eilsi of Tees, became the mother of Waltheof, and his two brothers, and Eda their sister. And as that Ecgfrida was descended from earl Aldred and the daughter of bishop Aldun, she — that is, Ecgfrida — and her husband Eilsi, took possession of Bermetun and Skimingheim by hereditary right.
   Page: Identifies 3 daughters of Earl Aldred named Aelfleda. Presumably 2 who died young.
   
2. Title: Wikiwand: Ealdred II of Bamburgh
   Note: Ealdred was an Earl in northeast England from the death of his uncle, Eadwulf Cudel, soon after 1018 until his murder in 1038. He is variously described by historians as Earl of Northumbria, Earl of Bernicia (northern Northumbria) and Earl of Bamburgh, his stronghold on the Northumbrian coast. He was the son of Uhtred, Earl of Northumbria, who was murdered by Thurbrand the Hold in 1016 with the connivance of Cnut. Ealdred's mother was Ecgfrida, daughter of Aldhun, bishop of Durham. Some time probably in the mid 1020s he killed Thurbrand in revenge for his father's death. In 1038 Ealdred was murdered by Thurbrand's son. There were several other revenge murders in what was described by Frank Stenton as "the most remarkable private feud in English history." Richard Fletcher gives an account in his Bloodfeud. Ealdred was succeeded as Earl of Bernicia by his half-brother, another Eadwulf, who was murdered in 1041. Ealdred's daughter Ealdgyth was married to Ligulf, who was murdered in 1080. Ealdred's daughter, Aelfflaed, was the second wife of Siward and her son (Ealdred's grandson) was Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria.
   
3. Title: Lt-Col. W. H. Turton: "The Plantagenet Ancestry" Genealogic Publishing Company, Inc. Baltimore, 1993 (Orig 1928)
   Author: Genealogic Publishing Company, Inc. Baltimore, 1993 (Orig 1928)
   Note: relationships, dates
   
4. Title: WIKIPEDIA: Germanic Names: Dithematic names
   Author: Wikipedia.org at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_name#Dithematic_names accessed 1 February 2017
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_name#Dithematic_names;
   Page: Two parts of the name (with spelling variations Eald-, Ald-, : meaning 'old' -ġȳð, -gyth, -gith, -githa: meaning 'war' or 'battle'
   
5. Title: Ælfleda daughter of "Ealdred II of Bamburgh" From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ealdred_II_of_Bamburgh#Issue;
   Note: Issue English chronicler Simeon of Durham identifies five children of Ealdred, all daughters. Three of those daughters were all named "Ælfleda" (Ælfflaed), while this may seem unlikely it is actually common for the time. If a child died young often the next child of the same sex was given the same name. The first two daughters of that name probably died very young, there appears to be no other record of them. The third daughter to be named Ælfflaed lived to adulthood and became the second wife of Siward, Earl of Northumbria. One of her sons (Ealdred's grandson) was Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria, his daughter Maud married David I of Scotland and became Queen consort of Scotland. A fourth daughter Ealdgyth (Algitha) married Ligulf, who was murdered in 1080.[5] Before his death they had two sons. A fifth daughter Etheldreda (Etheldritha) married Orm, son of Gamel, identified in the Domesday Book as owner of 61 properties in Yorkshire, they had children.[6]
   Page: Identifies Earl Ealdred of Bamburgh/Northumbria had 3 daughters named Ælfleda, only 1 of which is known to have lived to adulthood and married. The others presumably died as infants/children.
   
6. Title: History and Genealogy of the Pearsall Family in England and America
   Author: History and Genealogy of the Pearsall Family in England and America; Clarence E Pearshall & Hettie May Pearsall, Ed. {192, Page number: 199-203
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736742560
   
7. Title: ÆLFLED in record of UHTRED, son of WALTHEOF Earl of Northumbria - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
   Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20AngloSaxon%20nobility.htm#UhtredNorthumbriadied1016A;
   Note: UHTRED, son of WALTHEOF Earl of Northumbria & his wife --- (-murdered 1016). Simeon of Durham records that "his son Uchtred" succeeded "the elder Walthef" in Northumbria, stating that he was killed by "a powerful Dane Thurbrand surnamed Hold with the consent of Cnut"[419]. Earl of Northumbria. Inquisitions by "David…Cumbrensis regionis princeps", dated 1124, concerning land owned by the church of Glasgow, refer to donations by "Uchtred filius Waldef…"[420]. "Uhtred dux" subscribed charters of King Æthelred II dated 1009 to 1015[421]. He defeated a Scottish army which had besieged Durham in 1006. After the invasion of Svend King of Denmark in 1013, Earl Uhtred submitted to him[422]. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that he was murdered on the orders of Eadric "Streona"[423]. Stenton refers to "northern sources of the Norman age" which show that the chief agent of the murder was Thurbrand, who was in turn killed by Uhtred's son Ealdred[424], presumably referring to Simeon of Durham quoted above. King Canute appointed Erik Haakonson Jarl in Norway as Earl of Northumbria after Uhtred's death. m firstly (repudiated) as her first husband, ECGFRIDA, daughter of ALDUN Bishop of Durham & his wife --- (----, bur Durham). Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records the marriage of "Cospatric's son…Ucthred" (although from the context "Cospatric" appears to be an error for "Waltheof") and "Bishop Aldun…his daughter…Ecgfrida" and her repudiation by her husband, following which Uhtred married "the daughter of a rich citizen…Styr the son of Ulf…Sigen"[425]. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records Ecgfrida's second marriage to "a certain thane in Yorkshire…Kilvert the son of Ligulf" and "their daughter Sigrida…wife of Arkil the son of Ecgfrid" whose son was "Cospatric…[who married] the daughter of Dolfin the son of Tolfin, by whom he begot Cospatric who of late ought to have fought with Waltheof the son of Eilaf", her repudiation by her second husband, her taking the veil, and her burial at Durham[426]. m secondly SIGEN, daughter of STYR Ulfsson & his wife ---. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records the marriage of "Cospatric's son…Ucthred" (although from the context "Cospatric" appears to be an error for "Waltheof") and "the daughter of a rich citizen…Styr the son of Ulf…Sigen"[427]. m thirdly ([1009/16]) ÆLFGIFU, daughter of ÆTHELRED II King of England & his first wife Ælflæd ---. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records the third marriage of "Cospatric's son…Ucthred" (although from the context "Cospatric" appears to be an error for "Waltheof") and "king Ethelred…his…daughter Elfgiva"[428]. She is named as daughter of King Æthelred by Roger of Hoveden, when he records her marriage[429]. Her marriage date is estimated on the assumption that it is unlikely that she would have been married before her older sister Eadgyth. Earl Uhtred & his [second] wife had three children: 1. EALDRED (-murdered Risewood 1039). Simeon of Durham names "Aldred, Eadulf and Cospatric" as the three sons of "Uchtred", stating that "Aldred" succeeded his paternal uncle Eadulf Cudel in Northumbria[430]. He is named as son of Uhtred by Roger of Hoveden, first of the three sons he lists[431]. He succeeded his paternal uncle as Earl of Northumbria. Simeon of Durham records that Ealdred killed "the murderer Thurebrand" to avenge his father, made peace with "Carl the son of Thurebrand", but the latter killed "Aldred" in "the wood called Risewood"[432]. m ---. The name of Ealdred's wife is not known. Ealdred & his wife had five children: a) ÆLFLED . Simeon of Durham names "Elfleda daughter of Earl Aldred" as wife of Siward and mother of Waltheof[433]. She is named daughter of Ealdred by Roger of Hoveden, who also records her marriage[434]. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name Ælfleda, the fourth…Aldgitha and the fifth Etheldritha", specifying that "one of these Ælfledas married earl Siward by whom she became the mother of Waltheof"[435]. m SIWARD, son of --- (-York 26 Mar 1055). He was recognised as Earl of Northumbria in 1041, in succession to his wife's uncle. b) ÆLFLED . Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name Ælfleda, the fourth…Aldgitha and the fifth Etheldritha"[436]. c) ÆLFLED . Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name Ælfleda, the fourth…Aldgitha and the fifth Etheldritha"[437]. d) ÆLDGYTH . Simeon of Durham names "Algitha daughter of earl Aldred" as wife of "Ligulf", when recording the latter's murder[438]. Roger of Hoveden names her and her father, as well as her husband and two sons[439]. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name Ælfleda, the fourth…Aldgitha and the fifth Etheldritha"[440]. m LIULF, son of --- (-murdered 1080). Simeon of Durham records that "Ligulf a noble and good thane" was murdered[441]. Resident of Durham, he was friends with Walcher and was murdered by Gilbert sheriff of Northumberland[442]. Liulf & his wife had two children: i) UHTRED . Simeon of Durham names "Uchthred and Morckar" as the two sons of "Ligulf" & his wife[443]. m ---. The name of Uhtred's wife is not known. Uhtred & his wife had [one possible child]: (a) [LIULF . "…Lyulf filio Uchtredi…" witnessed the charter dated to [1120] under which "David comes filius Malcolmi Regis Scottorum" founded the abbey of Selkirk[444]. While no proof has been found that Liulf was the son of Uhtred, son of Liulf, this is probable because of the common use of the unusual name "Liulf".] ii) MORCAR . Simeon of Durham names "Uchthred and Morckar" as the two sons of "Ligulf" & his wife, stating that Morcar was educated by the monks of Jarrow[445]. e) ETHELDREDA . Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name Ælfleda, the fourth…Aldgitha and the fifth Etheldritha"[446]. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records the marriage of "Etheldritha, one of the five daughters of earl Aldred" and "a certain thane of Yorkshire called Orm the son of Gamel"[447]. m ORM, son of GAMEL & his wife ---. Orm & his wife had one child: i) ECGFRIDA . Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham names "Ecgfrida" as the daughter of "Etheldritha, one of the five daughters of earl Aldred" and "…Orm the son of Gamel", recording that she married "Eilsi of Tees…who took possession of Bermetun and Skirningheim by hereditary right" by whom she was mother of "Waltheof and his two brothers and Eda their sister"[448]. m EILSI, son of ---. 2. EADWULF (-murdered 1041). Simeon of Durham names "Aldred, Eadulf and Cospatric" as the three sons of "Uchtred"[449]. Earl of Northumbria. Simeon of Durham records that Eadwulf succeeded in Northumbria after his brother Ealdred was murdered but that he was "put to death by Siward"[450]. Named son of Uhtred by Roger of Hoveden, second of the three sons he lists, specifying that he succeeded his brother as Earl of Northumbria[451]. He was betrayed and murdered on the orders of King Harthacnut[452]. m as her second husband, SIGRIDA, [widow] of ARKIL (son of Fridegist), daughter of KILVERT & his wife Ecgfrida. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Sigrida, the daughter of Kilvert and of Ecgfrida, the daughter of bishop Aldun" (first wife of Eadwulf's father Uhtred) married "Arkil the son of Fridegist, and earl Eadulf, and Arkil the son of Ecgfrith"[453]. Eadwulf & his wife had [two] children: a) OSWULF (-murdered 1069). Earl of Northumbria. Simeon of Durham records that Earl Morcar handed over the earldom "beyond the Tyne" to "the young Osulf son of…earl Eadulf", but that William I King of England appointed "Copsi who was on the side of earl Tosti" who was beheaded by Oswulf "in the fifth week of his charge of the earldom IV Id Mar at Newburn"[454]. Named son of Eadwulf by Roger of Hoveden, who specifies that he was appointed by King William I to succeed Morcar as Earl of Northumbria[455]. Simeon of Durham records that Oswulf was killed by a robber[456]. b) [HALDEN . Inquisitions by "David…Cumbrensis regionis princeps", dated 1124, concerning land owned by the church of Glasgow refer to donations by "…Halden filius Eadulf"[457]. It is not known whether this refers to an otherwise unknown son of Eadwulf, son of Uhtred.] 3. GOSPATRICK . Simeon of Durham names "Aldred, Eadulf and Cospatric" as the three sons of "Uchtred", stating that "the third…did not attain the rank of the earldom" but that he had "a son…Uchtred whose son was Eadulf surnamed Rus who afterwards appeared as the leader of those who murdered bishop Walcher"[458]. He is named as son of Uhtred by Roger of Hoveden, third of the three sons he lists, specifying that he ruled in no county[459]. m ---. The name of Gospatrick's wife is not known. Gospatrick & his wife had one child: a) UHTRED . Simeon of Durham names "Aldred, Eadulf and Cospatric" as the three sons of "Uchtred", stating that "the third…did not attain the rank of the earldom" but that he had "a son…Uchtred…"[460]. m ---. The name of Uhtred's wife is not known. Uhtred & his wife had one child: i) EADWULF (-murdered ----, bur Jedburgh). Simeon of Durham names "Aldred, Eadulf and Cospatric" as the three sons of "Uchtred", stating that "the third…did not attain the rank of the earldom" but that he had "a son…Uchtred whose son
   Page: Identifies ÆLFLED as the daughter of EALDRED Earl of Northumbria and his wife, one of 5 daughters, 3 of which were ALL named ÆLFLED Her sisters were named: ÆLFLED, ÆLFLED, ÆLDGYTH, ETHELDREDA. THIS Ælfled married SIWARD Earl of Northumbria in 1041 "a) ÆLFLED . Simeon of Durham names "Elfleda daughter of Earl Aldred" as wife of Siward and mother of Waltheof[433]. She is named daughter of Ealdred by Roger of Hoveden, who also records her marriage[434]. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name Ælfleda, the fourth…Aldgitha and the fifth Etheldritha", specifying that "one of these Ælfledas married earl Siward by whom she became the mother of Waltheof"[435]. m SIWARD, son of --- (-York 26 Mar 1055). He was recognised as Earl of Northumbria in 1041, in succession to his wife's uncle. "
   
8. Title: ÆLFLED, daughter of EALDRED Earl of Northumbria in the record of SIWARD Earl of Northumbria - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
   Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20AngloSaxon%20nobility.htm#Siwarddied1055B;
   Note: [Two] siblings: 1. BJORN Bearsson . The Vita et Passio Waldevi Comitis records “Ursus” as father of “Spratlingus” who was father of “Ulsius”, father of “Beorn cognomento Beresune…filius ursi…Dacus natione”[467]. Freeman calls this "the mythical history of Siward"[468]. m ---. The name of Bjorn's wife is not known. Bjorn & his wife had [two] children: a) SIWARD (-York 26 Mar 1055, bur Galmanho Monastery [=York St Mary's][469]). The Vita et Passio Waldevi Comitis names “Siuuardus” as son of “Beorn cognomento Beresune…filius ursi…Dacus natione”[470]. A Dane, he may have come to England with the invasion of Knud of Denmark in 1015. He was recognised as Earl of Northumbria after the murder of his wife's uncle in 1041[471]. The Annales Dunelmenses record that "comes Siward" invaded Scotland with a large army in 1046 and briefly expelled "rege Macbeod", the king recovering his realm when Siward withdrew[472]. He actively supported Edward "the Confessor" King of England against Earl Godwin and his sons in 1051. Florence of Worcester records that "dux Northhymbrorum Siwardus" defeated "rege Scottorum Macbeotha" in battle, dated to 1054, and installed "Malcolmum regis Cumbrorum filium" in his place[473]. The Annales Dunelmenses record that "Siwardus" put "Macbeth" to flight in 1054 and installed "Malcolmum rege" in the following year[474]. m ÆLFLED, daughter of EALDRED Earl of Northumbria & his [first/second] wife ---. Simeon of Durham names "Elfleda daughter of Earl Aldred" as wife of Siward and mother of Waltheof[475]. Siward & his wife had two children: i) OSBEORN (-killed in battle 27 Jul 1054). The primary source which confirms his name has not yet been identified. He was killed fighting King Macbeth of Scotland with his father. Florence of Worcester records that "dux Northhymbrorum Siwardus" defeated "rege Scottorum Macbeotha" in battle, dated to 1054, but that "suus filius" was killed in the battle[476]. ii) WALTHEOF (-executed St Giles's Hill, Winchester 31 May 1076, bur Crowland Abbey465). Florence of Worcester records that "Waltheofum Siwardi ducis filius" went with King William to Normandy 21 Feb [1067][477]. Orderic Vitalis records that “Stigandum archipræsulem, Edgarum Adelinum Eduardi regis consobrinum et tres...comites: Eduinum, Morcarum et Guallevum, Egelnodum quoque Cantuariensem satrapam” accompanied King William to Normandy, dated to 1067 from the context[478]. Orderic Vitalis records that “Suenus rex Danorum” sent a fleet led by “duos...filios suos et Osbernum fratrem suum” to attack England, that they were repulsed at Dover, Sandwich and Ipswich, and at Norwich by “Radulfus de Guader”, that they were joined by “Adelinus, Guallevus, Siguardus” but defeated on the Humber, entered York headed by “Guallevus...Gaius Patricius, Marius Suenus, Elnocinus, Archillus et quatuor filii Karoli” but were eventually expelled, dated to 1069, a later passage adding that “Guallevus præsens et Gaius Patricius absens” made peace with King William at the river Tees[479]. Simeon of Durham records that "Waltheu the son of earl Siward…by Elfleda daughter of Earl Aldred" was installed as Earl of Northumberland after the earldom was confiscated from Gospatrick [in 1072][480]. His parentage is recorded by Roger of Hoveden[481]. Matthew of Paris specifies that he was the son of Siward, of Danish origin[482]. Earl of Huntingdonshire and Northamptonshire [1065]. - EARLS of HUNTINGDON. 2. [--- . m ---.] One child: a) [SIBYLLA] . The Chronicle of John of Fordun records that the mother of Malcolm and Donald Bane, Duncan´s sons, was "the cousin of Earl Siward"[483]. This information is not included in any earlier source and should be considered dubious. In one earlier king list, King Malcolm III's mother is named "Suthen"[484]. m ([1030]) DUNCAN King of Strathclyde, son of CRINAN "the Thane" Mormaer of Atholl & his wife Bethoc of the Scots ([1001]-killed in battle either Bothganowan/Pitgaveny, near Elgin, or Burghead 14 Aug 1040, bur Isle of Iona). He succeeded in 1034 as DUNCAN I King of Scotland.]
   Page: Identifies ÆLFLED as the daughter of EALDRED Earl of Northumbria & his wife Married SIWARD Earl of Northumbria in 1041, were the parents of: OSBEORN (d. 27 Jul 1054), and WALTHEOF (d. 31 May 1076)
   
9. Title: Aelfflaed in record of her son: Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waltheof%2C_Earl_of_Northumbria;
   Note: Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria (Old English: Wallef, Old Norse: Valþjóf) (died 31 May 1076) was the last of the Anglo-Saxon earls and the only English aristocrat to be executed during the reign of William I. Early life Waltheof was the second son of Siward, Earl of Northumbria. His mother was Aelfflaed, daughter of Ealdred, Earl of Bernicia, son of Uhtred, Earl of Northumbria. In 1054, Waltheof's brother, Osbearn, who was much older than he, was killed in battle, making Waltheof his father's heir. Siward himself died in 1055, and Waltheof being far too young to succeed as Earl of Northumbria, King Edward appointed Tostig Godwinson to the earldom. Waltheof was said to be devout and charitable and was probably educated for a monastic life. Around 1065, however, he became an earl, governing Northamptonshire and Huntingdonshire. Following the Battle of Hastings he submitted to William and was allowed to keep his pre-Conquest title and possessions.[1] He remained at William's court until 1068. First revolt When Sweyn II invaded Northern England in 1069, Waltheof and Edgar Aetheling joined the Danes and took part in the attack on York. He would again make a fresh submission to William after the departure of the invaders in 1070. He was restored to his earldom, and went on to marry William's niece, Judith of Lens. In 1071, he was appointed Earl of Northampton.[1] The Domesday Book mentions Waltheof ("Walleff"): "'In Hallam ("Halun"), one manor with its sixteen hamlets, there are twenty-nine carucates [~14 km²] to be taxed. There Earl Waltheof had an "Aula" [hall or court]. There may have been about twenty ploughs. This land Roger de Busli holds of the Countess Judith." (Hallam, or Hallamshire, is now part of the city of Sheffield) In 1072, William expelled Gospatric from the earldom of Northumbria. Gospatric was Waltheof's cousin and had taken part in the attack on York with him, but like Waltheof, had been pardoned by William. Gospatric fled into exile and William appointed Waltheof as the new earl. Construction of Durham Castle began under Waltheof in 1072 after receiving orders to commence this project from William. The castle would be significantly expanded by Bishop William Walcher and his successors in later years.[2] Waltheof had many enemies in the north. Amongst them were members of a family who had killed Waltheof's maternal great-grandfather, Uchtred the Bold, and his grandfather Ealdred. This was part of a long-running blood feud. In 1074, Waltheof moved against the family by sending his retainers to ambush them, succeeding in killing the two eldest of four brothers. Second revolt and death In 1075 Waltheof joined the Revolt of the Earls against William. His motives for taking part in the revolt are unclear, as is the depth of his involvement. However he repented, confessing his guilt first to Archbishop Lanfranc and then in person to William, who was at the time in Normandy. He returned to England with William but was arrested, brought twice before the king's court and sentenced to death.[1] He spent almost a year in confinement before being beheaded on 31 May 1076 at St. Giles's Hill, near Winchester.[1] He was said to have spent the months of his captivity in prayer and fasting. Many people believed in his innocence and were surprised when the execution was carried out. His body was initially thrown into a ditch, but was later retrieved and buried in the chapter house of Crowland Abbey in Lincolnshire. An otherwise unknown Norse poet, Þorkell Skallason, composed a memorial poem for Waltheof - Valþjófsflokkr. Two stanzas of this poem are preserved in Heimskringla, Hulda-Hrokkinskinna and, partially, Fagrskinna. The first of the two stanzas says that Waltheof made a hundred retainers of William burn in hot fire - "a scorching evening for the men" - and wolves ate the corpses of the Normans. The second says that William betrayed Waltheof and had him killed.[3]
   Page: Identifies Aelfflaed as the daughter of Ealdred, Earl of Bernicia (son of Uhtred, Earl of Northumbria), the wife of Siward, Earl of Northumbria ; the mother of Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria and possibly the mother of Waltheof's older brother Osbeorn
   
10. Title: Aeldgyth Bamburgh (bef. 1080) | WikTree.com
    Publication: Name: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bamburgh-4;
    
11. Title: SIMEON'S ACCOUNT OF THE SIEGE OF DURHAM in THE CHURCH HISTORIANS OF ENGLAND, 1855
    Author: The historical works of Simeon of Durham Volume 3, Part 2 of Church historians of England: Pre-Reformation series Author: Simeon (of Durham) Translated by: Joseph Stevenson Publisher: Seeleys, 1855 Original from: Columbia University Digitized: Feb 9, 2010 Length: 367 pages Accessed by: Google Ebooks
    Publication: Name: https://books.google.com/books?id=2_NLAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false;
    Note: p 765 "About the valiant exploits of Earl Uchthred, and of the Earls who succeeded him" OF NOTE: Simeon was the Monk and Precentor of the Church of St Cuthbert, of Durham. Also available: https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001399782
    Page: Vol III, Part II, pp 564-565 Describes her marriage to Ligulf, their children, his holdings, her relation to the Earl Waltheof, their son's devotion to a monastery, and Ligulf's murder by the Bishop of Durham's jealous chaplain and relation. p 767 "Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name, Aelfleda; the fourth was called Aldgitha, and the fifth Etheldritha."
    
12. Title: General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire 42nd Edition 1880
    Author: Previous title: General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire
    Publication: Name: https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433081907481&view=1up&seq=378&skin=2021;
    Note: 42 Edition (1880), Part 2 (L-Z), p 1084 (Scarbrough: Lineage) https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433081907481?urlappend=%3Bseq=378 The surname of this family was assumed from Lumley on the Weare, in the bishopric of Durham, and the family deduces its lineage from Liulph (son of Osbert de Lumley), who m. Algetha, dau of Alfred, Earl of Northumberland, by Edgina, dau of Etheldred II. This Liulph, who was a nobleman of great popularity in the time of the Confessor, was murdered by means of Leoferiso, chaplain to Walcher, bishop of Durham; a crime soon after avenged by the populace of Durham, who sacrificed both the chaplain and the prelate to their just resentment ...
    Page: Vol 42, Part 2 (L-Z), p 1084 (Scarbrough: Lineage) https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433081907481?urlappend=%3Bseq=378
    
13. Title: ÆLFLED in record of UHTRED, son of WALTHEOF Earl of Northumbria - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
    Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20AngloSaxon%20nobility.htm#UhtredNorthumbriadied1016A;
    Note: UHTRED, son of WALTHEOF Earl of Northumbria & his wife --- (-murdered 1016). Simeon of Durham records that "his son Uchtred" succeeded "the elder Walthef" in Northumbria, stating that he was killed by "a powerful Dane Thurbrand surnamed Hold with the consent of Cnut". Earl of Northumbria. Inquisitions by "David…Cumbrensis regionis princeps", dated 1124, concerning land owned by the church of Glasgow, refer to donations by "Uchtred filius Waldef…". "Uhtred dux" subscribed charters of King Æthelred II dated 1009 to 1015. He defeated a Scottish army which had besieged Durham in 1006. After the invasion of Svend King of Denmark in 1013, Earl Uhtred submitted to him. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that he was murdered on the orders of Eadric "Streona". Stenton refers to "northern sources of the Norman age" which show that the chief agent of the murder was Thurbrand, who was in turn killed by Uhtred's son Ealdred, presumably referring to Simeon of Durham quoted above. King Canute appointed Erik Haakonson Jarl in Norway as Earl of Northumbria after Uhtred's death. m firstly (repudiated) as her first husband, ECGFRIDA, daughter of ALDUN Bishop of Durham & his wife --- (----, bur Durham). Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records the marriage of "Cospatric's son…Ucthred" (although from the context "Cospatric" appears to be an error for "Waltheof") and "Bishop Aldun…his daughter…Ecgfrida" and her repudiation by her husband, following which Uhtred married "the daughter of a rich citizen…Styr the son of Ulf…Sigen". Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records Ecgfrida's second marriage to "a certain thane in Yorkshire…Kilvert the son of Ligulf" and "their daughter Sigrida…wife of Arkil the son of Ecgfrid" whose son was "Cospatric…[who married] the daughter of Dolfin the son of Tolfin, by whom he begot Cospatric who of late ought to have fought with Waltheof the son of Eilaf", her repudiation by her second husband, her taking the veil, and her burial at Durham. m secondly SIGEN, daughter of STYR Ulfsson & his wife ---. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records the marriage of "Cospatric's son…Ucthred" (although from the context "Cospatric" appears to be an error for "Waltheof") and "the daughter of a rich citizen…Styr the son of Ulf…Sigen". m thirdly ([1009/16]) ÆLFGIFU, daughter of ÆTHELRED II King of England & his first wife Ælflæd ---. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records the third marriage of "Cospatric's son…Ucthred" (although from the context "Cospatric" appears to be an error for "Waltheof") and "king Ethelred…his…daughter Elfgiva". She is named as daughter of King Æthelred by Roger of Hoveden, when he records her marriage. Her marriage date is estimated on the assumption that it is unlikely that she would have been married before her older sister Eadgyth. Earl Uhtred & his [second] wife had three children: 1. EALDRED (-murdered Risewood 1039). Simeon of Durham names "Aldred, Eadulf and Cospatric" as the three sons of "Uchtred", stating that "Aldred" succeeded his paternal uncle Eadulf Cudel in Northumbria[430]. He is named as son of Uhtred by Roger of Hoveden, first of the three sons he lists. He succeeded his paternal uncle as Earl of Northumbria. Simeon of Durham records that Ealdred killed "the murderer Thurebrand" to avenge his father, made peace with "Carl the son of Thurebrand", but the latter killed "Aldred" in "the wood called Risewood". m ---. The name of Ealdred's wife is not known. Ealdred & his wife had five children: a) ÆLFLED . Simeon of Durham names "Elfleda daughter of Earl Aldred" as wife of Siward and mother of Waltheof. She is named daughter of Ealdred by Roger of Hoveden, who also records her marriage. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name Ælfleda, the fourth…Aldgitha and the fifth Etheldritha", specifying that "one of these Ælfledas married earl Siward by whom she became the mother of Waltheof". m SIWARD, son of --- (-York 26 Mar 1055). He was recognised as Earl of Northumbria in 1041, in succession to his wife's uncle. b) ÆLFLED . Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name Ælfleda, the fourth…Aldgitha and the fifth Etheldritha". c) ÆLFLED . Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name Ælfleda, the fourth…Aldgitha and the fifth Etheldritha". d) ÆLDGYTH . Simeon of Durham names "Algitha daughter of earl Aldred" as wife of "Ligulf", when recording the latter's murder. Roger of Hoveden names her and her father, as well as her husband and two sons. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name Ælfleda, the fourth…Aldgitha and the fifth Etheldritha". m LIULF, son of --- (-murdered 1080). Simeon of Durham records that "Ligulf a noble and good thane" was murdered. Resident of Durham, he was friends with Walcher and was murdered by Gilbert sheriff of Northumberland. Liulf & his wife had two children: 1) UHTRED . Simeon of Durham names "Uchthred and Morckar" as the two sons of "Ligulf" & his wife. m ---. The name of Uhtred's wife is not known. Uhtred & his wife had [one possible child]: (a) [LIULF . "…Lyulf filio Uchtredi…" witnessed the charter dated to [1120] under which "David comes filius Malcolmi Regis Scottorum" founded the abbey of Selkirk. While no proof has been found that Liulf was the son of Uhtred, son of Liulf, this is probable because of the common use of the unusual name "Liulf".] 2) MORCAR . Simeon of Durham names "Uchthred and Morckar" as the two sons of "Ligulf" & his wife, stating that Morcar was educated by the monks of Jarrow. e) ETHELDREDA . Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Earl Aldred was the father of five daughters, three of whom bore the same name Ælfleda, the fourth…Aldgitha and the fifth Etheldritha". Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records the marriage of "Etheldritha, one of the five daughters of earl Aldred" and "a certain thane of Yorkshire called Orm the son of Gamel". m ORM, son of GAMEL & his wife ---. Orm & his wife had one child: i) ECGFRIDA . Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham names "Ecgfrida" as the daughter of "Etheldritha, one of the five daughters of earl Aldred" and "…Orm the son of Gamel", recording that she married "Eilsi of Tees…who took possession of Bermetun and Skirningheim by hereditary right" by whom she was mother of "Waltheof and his two brothers and Eda their sister". m EILSI, son of ---. 2. EADWULF (-murdered 1041). Simeon of Durham names "Aldred, Eadulf and Cospatric" as the three sons of "Uchtred". Earl of Northumbria. Simeon of Durham records that Eadwulf succeeded in Northumbria after his brother Ealdred was murdered but that he was "put to death by Siward". Named son of Uhtred by Roger of Hoveden, second of the three sons he lists, specifying that he succeeded his brother as Earl of Northumbria. He was betrayed and murdered on the orders of King Harthacnut. m as her second husband, SIGRIDA, [widow] of ARKIL (son of Fridegist), daughter of KILVERT & his wife Ecgfrida. Simeon of Durham's Account of the Siege of Durham records that "Sigrida, the daughter of Kilvert and of Ecgfrida, the daughter of bishop Aldun" (first wife of Eadwulf's father Uhtred) married "Arkil the son of Fridegist, and earl Eadulf, and Arkil the son of Ecgfrith". Eadwulf & his wife had [two] children: OSWULF (-murdered 1069) and HALDEN 3. GOSPATRICK . Simeon of Durham names "Aldred, Eadulf and Cospatric" as the three sons of "Uchtred", stating that "the third…did not attain the rank of the earldom" but that he had "a son…Uchtred whose son was Eadulf surnamed Rus who afterwards appeared as the leader of those who murdered bishop Walcher"[458]. He is named as son of Uhtred by Roger of Hoveden, third of the three sons he lists, specifying that he ruled in no county[459]. m ---. The name of Gospatrick's wife is not known. Gospatrick & his wife had one child: UHTRED. Uhtred & his wife had one child: EADWULF Earl Uhtred & his third wife had [two children]: 4. EALDGYTH [Ælfgifu] (1016 or before-). Simeon of Durham names "Algiva daughter of earl Uchtred [and] of Algiva daughter of king Agelred" when recording that her father arranged her marriage to "Maldred the son of Crinan", although her father was long since dead when she married. She is named as daughter of Uhtred and Elgiva by Roger of Hoveden, who also names her husband and his father. m ([before 1040]) MALDRED Lord of Allerdale, Regent of Strathclyde, son of CRINAN "the Thane" Mormaer of Atholl [Scotland] & his wife Bethoc of Scotland Lady of Atholl (-[killed in battle 1045]). 5. [daughter (1016 or before-). Her parentage has not been confirmed by primary sources. However, her husband is named as the father of Siward and Ealdred by Orderic Vitalis (see below), the brothers being described as "pronepotes" of King Edward "the Confessor". Assuming this relationship is correctly translated as great-nephew, their father would have been either the king's nephew or married to the king's niece. If Æthelgar had been the king's blood relation, it is likely that he would have been referred to in other contemporary sources which appears not to have been the case. It is therefore more probable that it was Æthelgar's wife who was related to the king, a relationship through Ælfgifu daughter of King Æthelred II being the most likely possibility given the lack of information on descendants of any of the other daughters of King Æthelred.] m ÆTHELGAR, son of --- (-before 1066). Had two children: 1)SIWARD 2)EALDRED
    Page: Identifies ÆLFLED as the daughter of EALDRED Earl of Northumbria and his wife, one of 5 daughters, 3 of which were ALL named ÆLFLED Her sisters were named: ÆLFLED, ÆLFLED, ÆLDGYTH, ETHELDREDA.
    
14. Title: Ælfflaed in record of father: Ealdred II of Bamburgh From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ealdred_II_of_Bamburgh;
    Note: Ealdred was an Earl in north-east England from the death of his uncle, Eadwulf Cudel, soon after 1018[1] until his murder in 1038. He is variously described by historians as Earl of Northumbria,[2] Earl of Bernicia (northern Northumbria)[1] and Earl of Bamburgh,[3] his stronghold on the Northumbrian coast.[4] He was the son of Uhtred, Earl of Northumbria, who was murdered by Thurbrand the Hold in 1016 with the connivance of Cnut. Ealdred's mother was Ecgfrida, daughter of Aldhun, bishop of Durham. Historic Blood Feud Some time probably in the mid 1020s Ealdred killed Thurbrand in revenge for his father's death. In 1038 Ealdred was murdered by Thurbrand's son. There were several other revenge murders in what was described by Frank Stenton as "the most remarkable private feud in English history".[2] Richard Fletcher gives an account in his book Bloodfeud: Murder and Revenge in Anglo-Saxon England. Ealdred was succeeded as Earl of Bernicia by his half-brother, Eadwulf, who was murdered in 1041 by Siward, Earl of Northumbria, husband of one of Ealdred's daughters. Issue English chronicler Simeon of Durham identifies five children of Ealdred, all daughters. Three of those daughters were all named "Ælfleda" (Ælfflaed), while this may seem unlikely it is actually common for the time. If a child died young often the next child of the same sex was given the same name. The first two daughters of that name probably died very young, there appears to be no other record of them. The third daughter to be named Ælfflaed lived to adulthood and became the second wife of Siward, Earl of Northumbria. One of her sons (Ealdred's grandson) was Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria, his daughter Maud married David I of Scotland and became Queen consort of Scotland. A fourth daughter Ealdgyth (Algitha) married Ligulf, who was murdered in 1080.[5] Before his death they had two sons. A fifth daughter Etheldreda (Etheldritha) married Orm, son of Gamel, identified in the Domesday Book as owner of 61 properties in Yorkshire, they had children.[6] References Fletcher, p. 114 Stenton, p. 390, n. 1 Williams, p. 117 Fletcher, p. 40. Aird, Ligulf The historical works of Simeon of Durham, tr., with preface and notes, by J. Stevenson, by Simeon, Publication date 1855 pp.361-362 https://archive.org/details/historicalworks00simegoog/page/n158/mode/1up?q=Etheldritha Sources Aird, William M. (2004). "Ligulf (d. 1080)" ((subscription or UK public library membership required)). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/16791. Retrieved 20 January 2016. Fletcher, Richard (2003). Bloodfeud: Murder and Revenge in Anglo-Saxon England. London, UK: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-028692-2. Stenton, Frank (1971). Anglo-Saxon England (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280139-5. Williams, Ann (1991). "Ælfflæd queen d. after 920". In Williams, Ann; Smyth, Alfred P.; Kirby, D. P. (eds.). A Biographical Dictionary of Dark Age Britain. London, UK: Seaby. ISBN 1-85264-047-2.
    Page: Identifies Ælfflaed as one of 5 daughters of Ealdred, Earl of Bamburgh, one of three daughters named Ælfflaed ; also identifies her as the 2nd wife of Siward, Earl of Northumbria, and mother of Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria. Sister of Ealdgyth (Algitha) and Etheldreda.
    
15. Title: Siward (bef. 1015 - 1055) | WikiTree
    Publication: Name: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Northumbria-1;
    
16. Title: G. E. Cokayne: "The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom"
    Author: G E Cokayne: The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom; Palgrave Mac\Mmillan (New York, November 1984); ISBN-10: 031215836X, ISBN-13: 978-0312158361
    Publication: Name: http://myheritage.com;
    
17. Title: Aelffaed
    Author: Siward Biornsson Earl of Northumbria
    Publication: Name: https://www.geni.com/people/Siward-Earl-of-Northumbria/60000000424626222;