Otbert l de Milao Obertenghi Margrave de Milão Conde Paladino e Marquês Italiano

• Preferred Name: Otbert l de Milao Obertenghi Margrave de Milão Conde Paladino e Marquês Italiano^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]}
  
• Alternate Name: Hubert de Toscane II
  
• Alternate Name: Humbert De Toscane II
  
• Alternate Name: Oberto Obizzo di Luni Marquis in the Eastern March; Count of Luni I
  
• Gender: M
  
• FSID: L1P1-X8G
  
• Nickname:
  
• Birth: 897 in Askanien, Ballenstedt, Germany at LATI: N1.7137 LONG: E1.2153
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: marquis, de Toscane
  
• Death: 15 OCT 975 in Milan, Metropolitan City of Milan, Lombardy, Italy at LATI: N5.4652 LONG: E0.1907
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: marquis
  
• Occupation: Marquis
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Marquis di Toscana et d'Este
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Oberto I Obizzo (also Otbert) (died 15 October 975) was an Italian count palatine and margrave and the oldest known member of the Obertenghi family.
  
  «b»Biography«/b»
  Oberto I was, by heredity, Count of Milan from 951. Otbert's father was Margrave Adalbert, about whom nothing is known other than his name and title.
  
  Soon after assuming the Italian throne, Berengar II reorganised his territories south of the Po River, dividing them into three new marches (frontier districts) named after their respective margraves: the marca Aleramica of Aleram of Montferrat, the marca Arduinica of Arduin Glaber, and the marca Obertenga of Oberto. This last division consisted of eastern Liguria and was also known as the marca Januensis or March of Genoa. It consisted of Tuscany with the cities of Genoa, Luni, Tortona, Parma, and Piacenza.
  
  In 960, he had to take refuge in Germany. The next year, Pope John XII asked Otto I of Germany to intervene in Italy to protect him from Berengar. When Otto took control of Italy, Oberto was able to return to his lands, with the title of count palatine confirmed by Otto.
  
  He was succeeded as Count of Milan by his sons Adalberto II of Milan and later Oberto II. His great-grandson Albert Azzo II, Margrave of Milan founded the House of Este.
  
  «b»In Media«/b»
  The game Crusader Kings II by Paradox Interactive makes Oberto's father Adalbert I de Ivrea, king of the Lombards in 924.
  
  === Markgf. v. Este 960, Pfgf. 962-972, 975 ===
  Markgf. v. Este 960, Pfgf. 962-972, 975 tot
  
  === marquis Oberto l Obizzo, count of Luni ===
  marquis Oberto l Obizzo, count of Luni
  Italian: marchese Oberto I Obizzo, conte di Luni
  Also Known As:
  "Otbert"
  Birthdate:
  estimated between 875 and 925
  Death:
  circa 975
  Immediate Family:
  Son of Adalberto, marchese di Milano and N.N.
  Husband of N.N. and Guilla Obertenghi
  Father of Adalberto II Obertenghi, di Milano; marquis Oberto II Obertenghi, count of Luni; Anselmo Obertenghi; Berta di Parma, di Luni; Orberto Obizzo II Obertenghi and 1 other
  Occupation:
  Conte Palatino, marchese di Milano e Genova
  
  === !Vol 2 - Tafel 186 ===
  !Vol 2 - Tafel 186
  
  === Quem era Oberto o Obizzo? ===
  Oberto I Obizzo era um conde italiano palatino e margrave e o membro mais antigo conhecido da família Obertenghi.
  
  === Profession : Marquis de Toscane. ===
  Profession : Marquis de Toscane.
  
  === #Générale# Marquis de Toscane ===
  #Générale# Marquis de Toscane
  
  === Source: Title: Encyclopædia Britannica C ===
  Source: Title: Encyclopædia Britannica CD '97 Publication: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., b 1996 Repository: Call Number: Media: Family Archive CD Page: OBERTO I Title: Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed. Author: Roderick W. Stuart Publication: Genealogical Publishing Company, Baltimore MD, 1998 Repository: Call Number: 98-71621 Media: Book Page: p. 53, Line 93, Gen. 35 Occupation: Count of Lucca Count of Luni 960 Marquis of eastern Liguria BET. 962 - 972 Pfalzgrave BIOGRAPHY: Oberto I (d. Oct. 15, 975), marquis of eastern Liguria andcount of Luni, powerful feudal lord of 10th-century Italy under KingBerengar II and the Holy Roman emperor Otto I. His descendants, theObertenghi, founded several famous Italian feudal clans. BIOGRAPHY: Oberto was of a family that apparently arrived in Italy in the9th century with Charlemagne, perhaps from Bavaria. Oberto acquired Genoaand Luni (east of Genoa) in 951, when Berengar seized Liguria and gavethe eastern section to Oberto. Nine years later Oberto, dissatisfied withBerengar's rule, went to Germany with the bishop of Como and thearchbishop of Milan to ask Otto to intervene in Italy. After Otto'sconquest and coronation as Holy Roman emperor (962), he made Oberto countpalatine, second only to himself in Italy. Four great families, the Este,Malaspina, Pallavicini, and Massa Parodi, are believed to have descendedfrom Oberto's sons. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD '97] BIOGRAPHY: ---------- BIOGRAPHY: HOUSE OF ESTE, princely family of Lombard origin that played agreat part in the history of medieval and Renaissance Italy. It firstcame to the front in the wars between the Guelfs and Ghibellines duringthe 13th century. As leaders of the Guelfs, Estensi princes received atdifferent times Ferrara, Modena, Reggio, and other fiefs and territories.Members of the family ruled in Ferrara from the 13th through 16th centuryand in Modena and Reggio from the later Middle Ages to the end of the18th century. BIOGRAPHY: Origins. BIOGRAPHY: The Estensi w ere a branch of the great 10th-century dynasty ofthe Obertenghi, which held power and wealth in Lunigiana, Genoa, andMilan and which also gave rise to the feudal houses of the Malaspina, thePallavicini, and the margraves of Massa and Parodi. Subsequently, aftervarious vicissitudes, the members of the Obertenghi dynasty removed tothe lands of the Venetians, where they had estates at Este, Monselice,Rovigo, and Friuli. The Estensi took their name from the township andcastle of Este, 17 miles (27 kilometres) southwest of Padua, and the truefounder of the family was the margrave Alberto Azzo II (died 1097). Fromhis son Welf IV, duke of Bavaria, there began a related branch that gaveorigin to the dukes of Bavaria, Brunswick, and Lüneburg, as well as theelectors of Hanover. Another son, Ugo, tried without success to establishin France, while a third son, Folco I (died c. 1136), became second inline in the House of Este. Neither he nor his successor, Obizzo I (died1193), however, achieved any great distinction, beyond the offices andtitles that fell naturally to the upper feudal families; but it wasduring the lifetime of Obizzo I that the Estensi first acquired politicalimportance in Ferrara, through the marriage of his son (Azzo V, whopredeceased him) to the heiress of one of the two great and rivalfamilies of Ferrara. Obizzo was succeeded by his grandson, Azzo VI, whoacquired considerable authority in the city, though his premature deathin 1212 left the family temporarily weakened. Not until 1240 did adescendant, Azzo VII, return to power in the city, in alliance with theGuelf league formed by Pope Gregory IX. This marked the true beginning ofEste rule in Ferrara. BIOGRAPHY: Lords of Ferrara. BIOGRAPHY: In 1264 Azzo's heir, Obizzo II (1264-93), was createdperpetual lord by the people of Ferrara under the pressure of Guelfstrength. The Pope, lawful lord of the Ferrarese territory, at first didnot oppose this action but afterward began to contest the Estensigovernment. Ob izzo II's power was growing, however, and he had himselfchosen lord of Modena in 1288 and of Reggio in 1289. In the 14th centurythe house of Este went through difficult, stormy periods, not onlybecause of its controversies with the papacy but also because of domesticdissensions, sometimes very hazardous. The house succeeded, nevertheless,in strengthening its position, and, under Nicolò II (reigned 1361-88),called the Lame, there was built the famous Este Castle, the work of thearchitect Bartolino da Novara, which became a symbol of the power of thecity of Ferrara and a sure defense against external dangers. To thebrother and successor of Nicolò II, Alberto V (reigned 1388-93), is duethe erection of the University of Ferrara, destined for lasting fame; itwas obtained by Pope Boniface IX as a concession in 1391. BIOGRAPHY: The reign of Nicolò III (1393-1441), son of Alberto, markedthe strengthening of Estensi domination in Ferrara and the introductionof Estensi influence generally in Italian politics. After having defeatedan attempt by the Paduans to achieve hegemony in Ferrara, the Estensiduke became intermediary in the political and military contests in theItalian states and extended his dominions. Personally, Nicolò was knownfor his sensuality; a Ferrarese saying runs, "On both sides of the RiverPo they all are Nicolò's sons." He had his son Ugo and his young secondwife, Parisina Malatesta, beheaded because they were found guilty ofadultery together. But he devoted himself to the exterior manifestationsof a religious faith--going on a pilgrimage to the Holy Sepulchre and toVienna's Saint Anthony and playing host to the ecumenical council in 1438that represented a fruitless attempt to bring together again the Westernand Eastern churches. (This council was afterward transferred toFlorence.) He even seems to have come close to obtaining the successionof an Estensi heir to the Milanese states, but he died suddenly, perhapspoisoned, on Dec. 26, 1441. BIOGRAPHY: Whe reas Nicolò III raised the Estensi state to a high positionin Italian politics in spite of its territorial and financial limits, hisbastard son and chosen successor, Leonello (reigned 1441-50), gaveFerrara considerable distinction in the fields of art and culture.Leonello had been educated by the humanist Guarino Veronese, called toFerrara by his father, and the period of his reign was one in whichFerrara represented a lively centre of culture and humanism, filled withpainters (Pisanello, Jacopo Bellini, Rogier van der Weyden, AndreaMantegna), architects (Leon Battista Alberti), and scholars (centring onGuarino Veronese). BIOGRAPHY: Dukes of Ferrara, Modena, and Reggio. Leonello's brother andsuccessor, Borso (reigned 1450-71), notwithstanding some militaryfailures, not only maintained his state and increased its aesthetic andcultural prestige but also received from the Holy Roman emperor FrederickIII the title of Duke of Modena and Reggio (1452) and from Pope Paul IIthe title of Duke of Ferrara (1471). BIOGRAPHY: Ercole I. BIOGRAPHY: The long rule of Leonello's and Borso's half-brother Ercole I(1471-1505) marked one of the most important periods for the history ofthe house of Este and of Ferrara. He succeeded in obtaining considerablepolitical support with his marriage to Leonora, the daughter of the kingof Naples. These were troubled times, however. Ercole had to defeat theattempt of a nephew, Nicolò, son of Leonello, to usurp the throne; andthen he had to face the hostile coalition of Venice and Pope Sixtus IV,which brought war nearly to the walls of the city of Ferrara (1482-84).The subsequent Peace of Bagnolo, however, though not entirelysatisfactory, did free Ferrara from immediate dangers. BIOGRAPHY: Ercole's crucial problem became one of consolidating his ownpolitical position by means of marriages that would bind him to theprincipal Italian powers: of his three daughters, Lucrezia was married toAnnibale Bentivoglio (of Bologna), Isabella to Francesco Gonza ga (ofMantua), and Beatrice to Ludovico Sforza (of Milan). Ercole's eldest son,Alfonso, was married first to Anna Sforza (of Milan) and then to thefamous Lucrezia Borgia, the daughter of Pope Alexander VI. In spite ofthese difficult affairs of state, Ercole was able to continue hisdynasty's patronage of the arts, taking the poet Matteo Boiardo as hisminister, extending his favour to the poet Ludovico Ariosto, espousingthe theatre and musical arts, and enlarging and beautifying Ferrara tosuch an extent as to make it one of the first cities of Europe. BIOGRAPHY: Alfonso I. BIOGRAPHY: Ercole's son Alfonso I (reigned 1505-34), rough and rude whenhe was young, proved wise and sure of himself once he had taken the reinsof government. First he foiled a plot of a stepbrother, Giulio, andanother brother, Ferrante, against him and sentenced them to perpetualimprisonment. Then his attention was completely attracted by the waragainst Venice (1509), in which his skill in mechanics and artillerydesign was proved. He was victorious in the naval battle of Polesella andwon back the Polesine of Rovigo (which had been lost by Ercole I). At thesame time, however, papal ambitions of territorial expansion becamethreatening. By consistent adherence to the French interest in Italy,Alfonso came into collision with Pope Julius II and was deprived ofModena (1510) and Reggio (1512) and was excommunicated. The Medici popes,Leo X and Clement VII, were both determined on the destruction of theEstensi, but the first-mentioned pope was frustrated by death, the secondby political weakness, and Alfonso was able to recover Reggio in 1523 andModena in 1527. He died in 1534. His succession was assured not only byhis legitimate children but also by the issue of his lover LauraEustochia Dianti, from whom derived the future dukes of Modena andReggio. BIOGRAPHY: Ercole II and Alfonso II BIOGRAPHY: During the reign of Alfonso's son and successor Ercole II(1534-59), the military events proved less interesting (tho
  
  === (2nd Duke of Este and Brunswick) ===
  (2nd Duke of Este and Brunswick)
  
  === Source: RC 93. Albert Azzo (Oberto), Cou ===
  Source: RC 93. Albert Azzo (Oberto), Count of Lucca. Made Marchese by Berenger II,960. Pfalzgrave, 962-972.
  
  === Otberto I de Este Conde de Tortona. ===
  Otberto I de Este Conde de Tortona.
  
  === !BIRTH-SPOUSE-CHILDREN: Ancestral File; ===
  !BIRTH-SPOUSE-CHILDREN: Ancestral File; ; The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, CD-ROM dated 21 Aug 1992, Information submitted by...; St George Regional Family History Center/FamilySearch Home Field Trial, searched Jan 1995
  
  === W H Turton: The Plantagenet Ancestry pp ===
  W H Turton: The Plantagenet Ancestry pp 109, 41
  
  === Count of Lucca; made Marchese by Berenge ===
  Count of Lucca; made Marchese by Berenger II in 960
  
  === !"Our Plafs Roots Are True" A Genealogy ===
  !"Our Plafs Roots Are True" A Genealogy of Kochert and Nieb Families, by Ethel Clift Philips, Published 1983. The information in the book is derived from church records of Rumbach and Family records. !Source is from "Neuhart Nobility", by Dennis Allen Kastens -1997 page 156. !Source Dictionary of Royal Linage, by C.M.Allstrom, 1904 and Encylcopeaedia Britannica,15th Edition 1974. 1. He was the Count of Lucca.
  
  === THE PLANTAGENET ANCESTRY (GS NUMBER Q940 ===
  THE PLANTAGENET ANCESTRY (GS NUMBER Q940 D2T) P.40, 41, 60, 109; SORLEY'S PEDIGREES (GS NUMBER Q929.242 SO68) P.17, 19;
  
  === Also Duke of Spoleto ===
  Also Duke of Spoleto
  
  === Quem foi Oberto I ===
  Oberto I , também chamado de Otberto , (falecido em 15 de outubro de 975), marquês do leste da Ligúria e conde de Luni, poderoso senhor feudal da Itália do século 10 sob o rei Berengar II e o sacro imperador romano Otto I. Seus descendentes, o Obertinghi , fundou vários clãs feudais italianos famosos. Ele era um lombardo e provavelmente não descendia diretamente de uma família que chegou à Itália no século 9 com Carlos Magno e tradicionalmente governou a região. Oberto adquiriu Gênova e Luni (leste de Gênova) em 951, quandoBerengar capturou a Ligúria e deu a seção oriental a Oberto. Nove anos depois Oberto, insatisfeito com o governo de Berengar, foi à Alemanha com o bispo de Como e o arcebispo de Milão para perguntarOtto para intervir na Itália. Após a conquista e coroação de Otto como Sacro Imperador Romano (962), ele fez Oberto contar palatino, perdendo apenas para ele na Itália. Acredita-se que quatro grandes famílias, Este, Malaspina, Pallavicini e Massa Parodi, descendem dos filhos de Oberto.
  
  === !(Oberto}, Count of Lucca, made Marchese ===
  !(Oberto}, Count of Lucca, made Marchese by Berenger II, 960, Pfalzgrave 962-972
  
  === !Count of Palatine of Lucca, 962-972. ===
  !Count of Palatine of Lucca, 962-972.
  
  === THE PLANTAGENET ANCESTRY (GS NUMBER Q940 ===
  THE PLANTAGENET ANCESTRY (GS NUMBER Q940 D2T) P.41, 109; SORLEY'S PEDIGREES (GS NUMBER Q929.242 SO68) P.19;
  
  === From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 J ===
  From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996. From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
  
  === Ancestral File Number: 8HTG-XM ===
  Ancestral File Number: 8HTG-XM
  
  === Created Marchese by Berenger II in 960; ===
  Created Marchese by Berenger II in 960; Pfalzgrave 962-972.
  
  === Source: RC 186. Duke and Margrave of Tus ===
  Source: RC 186. Duke and Margrave of Tuscany and Duke of Spoleto.

1. Ermengarde de Toscane, b. ABT 930 in Italy     d. 987

• m. um 0919 in Tuscany, Italy

1. Oberto Count Of Luni II, b. um 0935 in Ballenstedt, Ballenstedt, Anhalt, Germany     d. ABT 1014 in Ballenstedt, Anhalt, Germany

1. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Obert I Of Italy -
   Author: Royalty for Commoners, 2nd Ed; Roderick W Stuart {1988}, Page number: 186-37, 366-37
   Note: Source Media Type: Book
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736742394
   
2. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Obert I Of Italy -
   Author: Ancestral File (TM), The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2737222797
   
3. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Obert I Of Italy - birth: about 0941; Este, Italy
   Note: birth: about 0941; Este, Italy
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2908762672
   
4. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Obert I Of Italy -
   Author: The Plantagenet Ancestry, by William Henry Turton {1968}, Page number: 41
   Note: Source Media Type: Book
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736742370
   
5. Title: Oberto I Italian feudal lord
   Author: Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Oberto I." Encyclopedia Britannica, October 11, 2022. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Oberto-I.
   Publication: Name: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Oberto-I;
   Note: Britannica entry for Oberto I.
   
6. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Obert I Of Italy -
   Author: Newsgroup: soc.genealogy.medieval, at groups - google.com, Page number: Todd A Farmerie, 22 Nov 2001
   Note: Source Media Type: Book
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736742371
   
7. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Obert I Of Italy -
   Author: Ancestral File (TM), The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2737222795
   
8. Title: Oberto I - Wikipedia in italiano
   Publication: Name: https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberto_I_(nobile);
   
9. Title: Wikipedia: Oberto I
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberto_I;
   
10. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medieval Lands Project, Cawley
    Author: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medieval Lands Project by Cawley, Charles, online \\fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands\\, Northern Italy (1) v1.4; Counties and Families in Liguria, Conti di Luni; Adalberto I (16 Jan 2010). Hereinafter cited as FMG, ML.
    Page: Confirms name, death, familial relationships, and residence.
    
11. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Obert I Of Italy - birth: about 0912; Este, Italy
    Author: Ancestral File.LDS Church. Family History Library.
    Note: birth: about 0912; Este, Italy death:
    Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2198868384
    
12. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Obert I Of Italy -
    Author: Caroli Magni progenies, Pars 1; Siegfried Wilhelm Rosch {1977}, Page number: 159
    Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736742987