Gunnor Comtess de Rouen

• Preferred Name: Gunnor Comtess de Rouen^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]}
  
• Gender: F
  
• Burial: AFT 23 SEP 1031 in Fécamp, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France at LATI: N9.7591 LONG: E0.3735
  
• Fact: with note: Description: She functioned as regent of Normandy during the absence of her spouse, as well as the adviser to him and later to his successor, their son Richard II
  
• Alt. Death: 6 JAN 1031 in Normandy, France at LATI: N8.928 LONG: E0.5326
  
• Birth: 21 NOV 936 in Arques La Bataille, Seine Inferieure, Normandy, France at LATI: N9.8836 LONG: E0.1269 with note: GEDCOM data
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Regent of Normandy (during the absence of her husband)
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Countess of Rouen
  
• Alt. Death: BET JAN AND DEC 1031 in Fécamp, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France at LATI: N9.7591 LONG: E0.3735
  
• Alt. Death: 5 JAN 1031 in Normandy, France at LATI: N8.928 LONG: E0.5326
  
• FSID: G39Q-HBK
  
• Death: BET 4 AND 8 JAN 1031 in Fécamp, Normandie, France at LATI: N9.7556 LONG: E0.3808
  
• Alt.+Death: 13 NOV 1002 in Neustrie, Normandy, France at LATI: N8.8813 LONG: E0.7996
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  The names of Gunnor's parents are unknown. Robert of Torigni wrote that her sister was married to was a forester Équiqueville, identified by later historians with Saint Vast d'Équiqueville near Envermue, in the Pays de Caux. According to Dudo of Saint-Quentin she was of noble Danish origin. In a story related by Robert of Torigny, when Richard I heard of his forester's beautiful wife, Seinfria, he went hunting there and ordered the forester to bring her to his bed, but she substituted her virgin sister, Gunnor. She became Richard's concubine, and after the death of his legal wife, Richard married her, thereby legitimizing their children. As duchess, her relatives were given powerful posts in western Normandy and Gunnor herself was said to be very wealthy. Her brother, Herfast de Crepon, was progenitor of a great Norman family. Her sisters and nieces married some of the most important nobles in Normandy.
  
  Additional Reading
  
  1) David Crouch, The Normans; the History of a Dynasty (London, New York: Hambledon Continuum, 2007), pp. 26–27
  2) Elisabeth Van Houts, The Normans in Europe (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008), p. 58
  
  BIO
  BIO: from http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORMAN%20NOBILITY.htm#GunnoraMRichardINormandy as of 1/16/2016
  
  GUNNORA ([950]-5 Jan 1031). Guillaume de Jumièges records that "in domo forestarii...hospiti
  
  Background
  Gunnor or Gunnora (c. 950[2] – c. 1031) was the duchess of Normandy by marriage to Richard I of Normandy, having previously been his long-time mistress. She functioned as regent of Normandy during the
  
  More danico… explained
  More danico
  
  The phrase more danico[1] is a Medieval Latin legal expression which may be translated as "according to Danish custom", i.e. under Medieval Scandinavian customary law.
  
  It designates a ty
  
  === ! Europache Stamtafeln neu folge vol 3 t ===
  ! Europache Stamtafeln neu folge vol 3 tafel 445;
  
  === !children Muriella De Normandy 9gb4-dw b ===
  !children Muriella De Normandy 9gb4-dw be
  
  Due to the age gap and the birth of the second set of children this would have to be another mother.
  
  === SORLEY'S PEDIGREES (GS NUMBER Q929.242 S ===
  SORLEY'S PEDIGREES (GS NUMBER Q929.242 SO68) P.16; THE PLANTAGENET ANCESTRY (GS NUMBER Q940 D2T) P.58, 59;
  
  === Questionable daughters ===
  The foundation legend of the Hauteville family traces them from Tancred de Hautville and his two wives, Muriella and Frédésende, both supposedly daughters of Richard I of Normandy. However, the church at the time prohibited remarriage to a former spouse's sibling, and there are no records from Normandy that name either of these women. Most modern scholars have dismissed the connection to the Norman rulers as an invention in order to elevate the otherwise obscure family founder of the dynasty that would later rule in Italy.
  
  === Second Wife ===
  She was Richard l of Normandy’s long time mistress in his previous marriage
  
  === !children Guillaume THE BASTARD Count of ===
  !children Guillaume THE BASTARD Count of Hieme 9gb4-9d m Alice Lesseline Harcourt q9rn-8v be

• m. 962 in Crépon, Calvados, Normandie, France

1. Richard 'Le Bon' de Normandie II, b. 23 AUG 963 in Évreux, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France     d. 23 AUG 1026 in Fécamp, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France
2. Mathilda de Normandie Comtesse De Blois-Chartres, b. environ 0982 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Normandie, France     d. 21 FEB 1006 in Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine, Bretagne, France
3. Emma Normandy Of England, b. 23 JUN 985 in Normandel, Perche, France     d. 6 MAR 1052 in Winchester, Hampshire, England
4. Mauger de Normandie, Comté de Corbeil, b. 963 in Seine-Inférieure, France     d. 1040 in Corbeil, Marne, Grand Est, France
5. Hawise de Normandie Duchesse de Bretagne, b. 968 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Upper Normandy, France     d. 21 FEB 1034 in Rouen, Seine-Inférieure, France
6. Robert de Normandie comte d'Évreux et archevêque de Rouen, b. ABT 965     d. 16 MAR 1037 in Évreux, Eure, Upper Normandy, France

1. Richard 'Le Bon' de Normandie II, b. 23 AUG 963 in Évreux, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France     d. 23 AUG 1026 in Fécamp, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France
2. Mathilda de Normandie Comtesse De Blois-Chartres, b. environ 0982 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Normandie, France     d. 21 FEB 1006 in Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine, Bretagne, France
3. Emma Normandy Of England, b. 23 JUN 985 in Normandel, Perche, France     d. 6 MAR 1052 in Winchester, Hampshire, England
4. Mauger de Normandie, Comté de Corbeil, b. 963 in Seine-Inférieure, France     d. 1040 in Corbeil, Marne, Grand Est, France
5. Hawise de Normandie Duchesse de Bretagne, b. 968 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Upper Normandy, France     d. 21 FEB 1034 in Rouen, Seine-Inférieure, France
6. Robert de Normandie comte d'Évreux et archevêque de Rouen, b. ABT 965     d. 16 MAR 1037 in Évreux, Eure, Upper Normandy, France

1. Title: en.Wikipedia Gunnor
   Author: Gunnor Duchess consort of Normandy Tenure: 89–996 Born: c. 936 - 950 Not known Died: c. 1031- Uncertain, Normandy, France Spouse: Richard I, Duke of Normandy Issue: Richard II Robert II, Archbishop of Rouen, Count of Evreux Mauger, Count of Corbeil Robert Danus Emma, Queen consort of England Hawise, Duchess consort of Brittany Maud, Countess of Blois
   Publication: Name: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunnor;
   Note: Gunnor or Gunnora (c. 950[2] – c. 1031) was Duchess of Normandy by marriage to Richard I of Normandy, having previously been his long-time mistress. She functioned as regent of Normandy during the absence of her spouse, as well as the adviser to him and later to his successor, their son Richard II. Life: The names of Gunnor's parents are unknown, but Robert of Torigni wrote that her father was a forester from the Pays de Caux and according to Dudo of Saint-Quentin she was of noble Danish ancestry.[3] Gunnor was probably born c. 950.[2] Her family held sway in western Normandy and Gunnor herself was said to be very wealthy.[4] Her marriage to Richard I was of great political importance, both to her husband[a] and her progeny.[5] Her brother, Herfast de Crepon, was progenitor of a great Norman family.[4] Her sisters and nieces[b] married some of the most important nobles in Normandy.[6] Robert of Torigni recounts a story of how Richard met Gunnor.[7] She was living with her sister Seinfreda, the wife of a local forester, when Richard, hunting nearby, heard of the beauty of the forester's wife. He is said to have ordered Seinfreda to come to his bed, but the lady substituted her unmarried sister, Gunnor. Richard, it is said, was pleased that by this subterfuge he had been saved from committing adultery and together they had three sons and three daughters.[c][8] Unlike other territorial rulers, the Normans recognized marriage by cohabitation or more danico. But when Richard was prevented from nominating their son Robert to be Archbishop of Rouen, the two were married, "according to the Christian custom", making their children legitimate in the eyes of the church.[8] Gunnor attested ducal charters up into the 1020s, was skilled in languages and was said to have had an excellent memory.[9] She was one of the most important sources of information on Norman history for Dudo of St. Quentin.[10] As Richard's widow she is mentioned accompanying her sons on numerous occasions.[9] That her husband depended on her is shown in the couple's charters where she is variously regent of Normandy, a mediator and judge, and in the typical role of a medieval aristocratic mother, an arbitrator between her husband and their oldest son Richard II.[9] Gunnor was a founder and supporter of Coutances Cathedral and laid its first stone.[11] In one of her own charters after Richard's death she gave two alods to the abbey of Mont Saint-Michel, namely Britavilla and Domjean, given to her by her husband in dower, which she gave for the soul of her husband, and the weal of her own soul and that of her sons "count Richard, archbishop Robert, and others..."[12] She also attested a charter, c. 1024–26, to that same abbey by her son, Richard II, shown as Gonnor matris comitis (mother of the count).[13] Gunnor, both as wife and countess,[d] was able to use her influence to see her kin favored, and several of the most prominent Anglo-Norman families on both sides of the English Channel are descended from her, her sisters and nieces.[9] Gunnor died c. 1031.[2] Family: Richard and Gunnor were parents to several children: Richard II "the Good", Duke of Normandy[14] Robert, Archbishop of Rouen, Count of Evreux, died 1037[14] Mauger, Count of Corbeil[14] Robert Danus, died between 985 and 989[15] another son[15] Emma of Normandy –1052, married first to Æthelred, King of England and secondly Cnut the Great, King of England.[14] Hawise of Normandy, wife of Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany[14] Maud of Normandy, wife of Odo II of Blois, Count of Blois, Champagne and Chartres[14] Notes: a: Richard's marriage to Gunnor seems to have been a deliberate political move to consolidate his position by allying himself with a powerful rival family in the Cotentin. See: D. Crouch, The Normans (2007), pp. 26 & 42;A companion to the Anglo-Norman world, eds. C. Harper-Bill; E. van Houts (2007), p. 27. b: Her sisters, Senfrie, Aveline and Wevie as well as their daughters are discussed in detail in G.H. White, 'The Sisters and Nieces of Gunnor, Duchess of Normandy, The Genealogist, New Series, vol. 37 (1920-21), pp. 57–65 & 128–132. Also see: Elisabeth van Houts, 'Robert of Torigni as Genealogist', Studies in Medieval History Presented to R. Allen Brown, ed. Christopher Harper-Bill, Christopher J. Holdsworth, Janet L. Nelson (The Boydell Press, Woodbridge, 1989), pp. 215–233; K.S.B. Keats-Rohan, 'Aspects of Torigny's Genealogy Revisited', Nottingham Medieval Studies, Vol. 37 (1993), pp. 21–28. c: Geoffrey H. White is among those historians who question the authenticity of this story. See: G.H. White, 'The Sisters and Nieces of Gunnor, Duchess of Normandy, The Genealogist, New Series, vol. 37 (1920-21), p. 58. d: At the time Gunnor lived, there were no dukes or duchesses of Normandy. Her husband Richard I, used the title of count of Rouen, to which Richard added the style of "count and consul", and after 960, marquis (count over other counts). Gunnor would have never used the title of duchess, her title was countess and she is so styled in an original deed to the abbey of St. Ouen, Rouen (1057–17) given by her son Richard II. For the present, despite being historically incorrect, duchess remains her title of convenience. See: Bates, Normandy before 1066 (Longman, 1982), pp. 148–50; Douglas, 'The Earliest Norman Counts', The English Historical Review, Vol. 61, No. 240 (May, 1946), pp. 130–31; David Crouch, The Normans: The History of a Dynasty (London: Hambledon Continuum, 2007), pp. 18–19 and Dudo of Saint-Quentin; Eric Christiansen, History of the Normans (Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 1998). p. xxiv. References: 1. David Crouch, The Image of Aristocracy in Britain, 1000-1300 (London: Routledge, 1992), p. 57 2. Elisabeth Van Houts, The Normans in Europe (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008), p. 40 n.56 3. Elisabeth Van Houts, The Normans in Europe (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008), p. 58 4. David Crouch, The Normans; the History of a Dynasty (London, New York: Hambledon Continuum, 2007), p. 26 5. K.S.B. Keats-Rohan, 'Poppa of Bayeux and Her Family', The American Genealogist, Poppa of Bayeux and Her Family, Vol. 74, No. 2 (July/October 1997), pp. 203–04 6. David Crouch, The Normans; the History of a Dynasty (London, New York: Hambledon Continuum, 2007), pp. 26–27 7. Elisabeth Van Houts, The Normans in Europe (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008), p. 95 8. Elisabeth Van Houts, The Normans in Europe (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008), p. 96 9. Elisabeth Van Houts, The Normans in Europe (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008), p. 59 10: Elisabeth M. C. Van Houts, Memory and Gender in Medieval Europe: 900–1200 (Toronto; Buffalo: University of Toronto Press, 1999), p. 72 11: Elisabeth Van Houts, The Normans in Europe (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008), p. 40 & n. 56 12: Calendar of Documents Preserved in France, ed. J. Horace Round (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1899), p. 250 13: Calendar of Documents Preserved in France, ed. J. Horace Round (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1899), p. 249 14: Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 79 15: Elisabeth van Houts, The Normans in Europe, p. 191
   
2. Title: The Ancestry of her Majesty Queen Victoria and of his Royal Highness Prince Albert, pg. 37-38
   Page: William Longsword and Richard I, Duke of Normandy, in The Ancestry of her Majesty Queen Victoria and of his Royal Highness Prince Albert, pg. 37-38 [See document in the Memories section]
   
3. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy - Richard had five illegitimate children by unknown mistresses
   Author: FMG Projects/MedLands
   Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORMANDY.htm#Beatrixdied1035;
   Note: Richard had five illegitimate children by unknown mistresses: 9. GEOFFREY [Godfroy] de Brionne ([953]-[1015]). 10. GUILLAUME (978-1057). 11. ROBERT (-after [1015]). 12. BEATRIX (-18 Jan 1035). 13. daughter .
   
4. Title: Gunnora, daughter of UNKNOWN PARENTS
   Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/normacre.htm#GunnoraMRichardINormandy;
   
5. Title: International, Find A Grave Index for Select Locations, 1300s-Current
   Publication: Name: https://search.ancestry.com/collections/60541/records/1080491;
   
6. Title: Family of Gunnora in the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
   Publication: Name: http://shop.fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/normacre.htm#GunnoraMRichardINormandy;
   Page: Family of Gunnora in the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ~http://shop.fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/normacre.htm#GunnoraMRichardINormandy [See document in the Memories section]
   
7. Title: Chapter 1. DUKES of NORMANDY 911-1106 - Medlands
   Publication: Name: http://shop.fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORMANDY.htm#RichardIdied996A;
   
8. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy- Richard I
   Page: Richard I, Duke of Normandy, in the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ~http://shop.fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORMANDY.htm#RichardIdied996A [See document in the Memories section]
   
9. Title: Wikipedia: Gunnor, Duchess of Normandy
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunnor;