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Garibald I. Herzog der Bajuwaren in Baiern


Preferred Parents:
Father: Agivald de Bavière, b. 515 in Bavaria   d. 566
Mother: Gertrude de Burgondie, b. 510   

Family 1: theodelinge d'austrasie,    b. 543    d. 567 in 626
Family 2: Waldrada Herzogin von Baiern,    b. 535 in Lething, Lombardia, Italy    d. 26 JUN 572 in Vexin, Normandy, France
  1. Tassilon DE BAVIERE-DE LOMBARDIE I Agilolfinger dynasty, b. um 0560 in Stammesherzogtum Baiern     d. 610 in Salzberg, Herzogtum Baiern
  2. Romilda Herzogin von Friaul, b. um 0567 in Stammesherzogtum Baiern     d. AFT 611 in Duchy of Friuli, Lombardia, Italy
  3. Gertrude of Bavaria, b. 553 in Burgundy, France     d. 17 MAR 645 in Hzgt. Baiern
Sources:
  1. Title: The History of the origins of the Noble House of Vassallo: Biographies of some Agilolfings
    Publication: Name: https://web.archive.org/web/20040816164309/http://www.geocities.com/maltesenobility/vassallo.htm;
    Note: We are told by V. Spreti, in his “Enciclopedia Storico Nobiliare Italiana” (1981 edition), Vol V, page 833 and by G.B Crollolanza, in his “ Dizionario Storico Balsonico” (1977 edition), Vol, that the Vassallo of Sicily (which also calls itself Vassallo-Paleologo) claim to be descended from the Emperor Michale VIII Paleologus of the Byzantine Empire. The claim is that, the family Palaeologus , settled in Sicily on two separate occasions. The first settlement of the Imperial Palaeologus in Sicily had taken place in 1332, when one Giacomo Palaeologus, had settled in the city of Noto, Sicily, changing his name to Vassallo, on settling in Sicily. It is also claimed that this branch became extinct in the 15th Century. The second settlement in Sicily took place in 1429, when one Niccolo Palaeologus, was ordered by his kinsmen, Constantine (The future Emperor), the Despot of Morea, to go to Siciliy, and assume the name of Vassallo, which he did, and we are also told there is a diplomia of King Alfonso V of Aragon-Naples-Sicily-Malta, stating this, which is registered in the Royal Sicilian Chancery dated 1439, Fol.455. We are also told that Vassallo of Sicily are descendants of this Niccolo Vassallo, the so-called Palaeologus. The historians mentioned above, mentioned that Muscia in his “Sicilia Nobile”, on page 8, that one Giacomo Vassallo, was the father of one Vassallo de Vassallo, which gentlemen was the Barone di Bavuso, in Sicily, in 1296, thus the year earlier than the supposed settlement of the Palaeologus family in Sicily. However, these historians do not trouble themselves to explain the contradiction. Also , they never mention that one Roberto de Vassallo, had long been settled in Sicily, who had years before been made a Judge in Cefalu in Sicily, and was still living on 19 April 1284, when he received a letter from the Secreto of Sicily, in which he addressed him as ‘Giudice’. If it was true that the first Vassallo, to settle in Sicily was Giacomo Palaeologus, who changed his name to Vassallo in 1332, how is it that we have Roberto, Giacomo and Vassallo de Vassallo living , years before the year 1332 ? V. Spreti, and G.B Crollolanza, and many others, only record the claim put forward by the Vassallo of Sicily in the 13th Century, and also claim that the family only came to Sicily in 1332 and in 1429. Giacomo who settled in Sicily, was not a Palaeologo, but a scion of the Counts of Vercelli, of the House of the MANFREDINGI. Muscia is wrong in making Baron Vassallo of Bavuso a son of Giacomo, he was the son of Judge Roberto (Bartolomeo) and thus Giacomo’s grandson, not his son. (See the Genealogical data of the Vassallo family-further down below) From the Genealogical tables kindly provided by the Director of the ‘Archivio di Stao di Vercelli’, from the Microfilm of the work of T.Arborio Mella, “Genealogie di Antiche Famiglie Vercellesi, Biellesi e di Piemontesi”, togther with proofs of Nobility of Fra. Carlo Guiseppe Bernezzo-Vassallo, A.O.M.4030, (1708); and the work of Professor Ferdinand Gabotto., and others, such as Vittorio Spreti, G.Crollolanza, Muscia, and other Italian works, we are now able to contruct the early pedigree of the Family name Vassallo, ca 1127-1130, at Vercelli, to Sicily and Malta. Exactly, four hundred years after the Vassallo family settled in the village of Mosta in 1525, when Bartolomeo Vassallo, married the Noble Joanne Cumbo, and went to live in the village of Mosta on the properties he received as dowry from her father, the noble Andrea Cumbo, the Lord of the Fortified ‘Tower Cumbo”, a weathy noblemen related to the Catalan Noble family, who became Barons di Buonalbergo. Some of the branches of the Manfredingi did not adopt family names until 1127, and some of them like the branch which adopted the family name ‘RADICATI’, did so from one of its Lordships, they did this in 1178. Another branch, which adopted as their family ‘GUASCO’ did so about 1120, when Count Scipione’ detto Guasco’ (from his nickname ‘Guasco’) The Family name of VASSALLO came into being in the same manner. Auberto 1 ‘detto Vassallo’, ie: Auberto the Vassal, the first signor of Lavino, Riseria, and Cassina della Valo, on the outskirts of Vercelli, adopted his family name of Vassallo from his nickname of ‘The Vassal’, he had been nicknamed possibly from his status as a vassal lord of his elder brother Bongiovanni II , and also of the Count-Bishop Ardizzone of Vercelli, when in 1127, his brother Bongiovanni II, exchanged the rule of Count, by the agreement he made with Bishop Ardizzone, and was made the Advocate of the Church of Vercelli and adopted as the family name of AVOGADRO in 1127. The ancestry of the Counts of Vercelli go back to the dark ages of the Dukes of Bavaria, and the Kings of Alamanni in the 4th and 5th centuries. Almost from the beginning of history as settlers in Vindilicia, we find the Bavarians under the leadership of the Ducal house of the Agilofings who were of . However, the Bavarians themselves appear to have been a Suevic tribe who had wandered into the old Roman province then lying desolate and unoccupied as a sort of no-man’s land, and , they settled there on or about 420.AD. From the beginning of their Danubian settlement they seem to have been subject to the Merovingian Kings, who were the kinsmen of the Agilolfings. It had been a peaceful arrangement as they did not have to pay tribute. As their dukes were called Agilofings, the Aponym of their House, had to be called Agilulf. However, he has been lost to History, and we are not in a position to know as to when he lived. We therefore , shall start the pedigree of the Vassallo family with:- Hunno Velphio: King of the Alamanni, born ca: 385, not sure of the date of death. The Alamanni were the fiercest of all the western Germanic tribes. It is stated that the Alamanni were offshoots of the Swabian Branch (this is a term used later to describe the Hungarian, Croatian and Romanian people who settled in Germany, but not until the 10th century of so. Here the term is synonymous with the Suevi and not to be confused with the Suevi who settled in Gallicia)of the west Germans, from which they were constituted. Adalger 1: King of the Bavarians ( - 508). Born ca: 415 and died in 508. He was elected King of the Bavarians, but at a later date, he renounced the title of King and renounced the title of King and called himself ‘Duke’ of the Bavarians. On his death, he was succeeded by his son. Theodo I: duke of the Bavarians (r. 508-12). He was also called Gihuld, married Regnaburga, from whose name we have the city of Ratisbona, in Alamannia, Swabia. She is also called Reginpirga. They had two sons Uto ‘The warrior’ and Theodo II, who succeeded to Bavaria. Theodo II: Duke of Bavaria (r. 512-37). He was born in ca: 465, and died 537. married to Lucile the daughter of Aubert, the first Lord of Alsace, and by his wife they had three sons, Theodo, Otto and Theodaldus. On his death, the two elder sons, divided Bavaria between them, and both took the title of Duke.One the death of Otto in 545, his Brother Theodaldus succeeded as the Duke of Upper Bavaria. From him is descended the noble House of Vassallo. Theodo III: Duke of Lower Bavaria (r 537-65). Born ca:515, and died 584., he had succeeded to lower Bavaria on the death of father, while his second brother Ottone took Upper Bavaria. Married and was succeeded by his son Theodobert I. Theodobert I: Duke of Lower Bavaria (r. 565-84). He died in his seventies and was succeeded by his son Garibald. Garibald I: duke of Lower Bavaria (r. 584-92). Born ca: 540, and died 592. married to the Princess Waldrada of Waccho I , king of Lombardy (ca:510-540) She was married twice before, her first husband was King Theudebald I, of Austrasia, and King Clothair I of all Frank, who divorced her soon after their marriage, when she married Garibald, as her third husband, by whom she had her only children. We are told by ‘Paulus the deacon’, the historian of the Lombards, who was born in 725, that Waldrada was ‘uni ex suis qui dicebatur Garibald’, which goes to descibe Garibald I , as being the kinsmen of her two previous husbands. Also the Merovingian Kings Clothair II, and Clovis II, were being described Queen Gundeberga, Garibald’s granddaughter as being their Kinswomen. They had a son, Gundwald and two daughters. Theudelinda, married King Authari of the Lombards and on his death in 591, married his successor King Agilulf (591-616), the other daughter married Euin, Duke of Trient.
    Page: Ancestry
  2. Title: Wikipedia - the Baiuvarii
    Author: Diesenberger, Maximilian (2018). "Baiuvari". In Nicholson, Oliver (ed.). The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity. Oxford University Press. p. 195. doi:10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001. ISBN 9780191744457. Retrieved March 14, 2020. Fries-Knoblach, Janine; Steuer, Heiko (2014). "Introduction". In Fries-Knoblach, Janine; Steuer, Heiko; Hines, John (eds.). The Baiuvarii and Thuringi: An Ethnographic Perspective. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. pp. 1–10. ISBN 9781843839156. Goffart, Walter (2010). Barbarian Tides: The Migration Age and the Later Roman Empire. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0812200287. Green, D. H. (2014). "The Boii, Bohemia, Bavaria". In Fries-Knoblach, Janine; Steuer, Heiko; Hines, John (eds.). The Baiuvarii and Thuringi: An Ethnographic Perspective. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. pp. 11–22. ISBN 9781843839156. Hammer, Carl I. (2007). From Ducatus to Regnum: Ruling Bavaria under the Merovingians and Early Carolingians. Brepols. Haubrichs, Wolfgang (2014). "Baiovarii, Romania,
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baiuvarii;
    Note: Reconstruction of the grave of The Warrior of Kemathen, who is believed to have been a Bavarian Map of the extent of the Bavarian, also known as Austro-Bavarian, dialects of the German language The Baiuvarii or Bavarians (German: Bajuwaren) were a Germanic people. The Baiuvarii had settled modern-day Bavaria (which is named after them), Austria, and South Tyrol by the 6th century AD, and are considered the ancestors of modern-day Bavarians and Austrians. The Baiuvarii spoke the early Bavarian language. Name The name of the Baiuvarii is also spelled Baiuvari.[1] It probably means "men from Bohemia".[1] The placename Bohemia is believed to be connected to that of the Boii, a Celtic people who left the region before the Roman era and were replaced by Germanic peoples. The Baiuvarii gave their name to the region of Bavaria.[2] The name is first attested in Latin sources in the 6th century AD. In the Getica (551), Jordanes writes that a group of Suebes near the Danube were neighbored on the east by the Baibari. In a poem about a pilgrimage to Augsburg in 565, Venantius Fortunatus writes that the Baiovarius lived in area around the river Lech called Baiuaria.[1] Language The Baiuvarii are classified as a Germanic people.[3][4] It is uncertain whether they originally spoke an East Germanic or West Germanic language.[5] Early evidence on the language of the Baiuvarii are limited to personal names and a few Runic inscriptions. By the 8th century AD, the Baiuvarii were speakers of an early form of the Austro-Bavarian language within the West Germanic family.[3][2] History Evidence from etymology traces the history of the Baiuvarii back to Bohemia in the 1st century AD. This was after the Celtic Boii left the area and were replaced by Maroboduus, king of the Germanic Marcomanni, who moved his Suebian people into the area.[2] Whether the Baiuvarii settled Bavaria in a specific later migration, after Maroboduus, either from the north (Bohemia) or from Pannonia, is now uncertain.[2] According to Karl Bosl, Bavarian migration to present-day Bavaria is a legend.[6] The early Baiuvarii are often associated with the Friedenhain-Přešťovice archaeological group, but this is controversial.[1] During the time of Attila in the 5th century, the entire Middle Danube region saw the entry of many new peoples from north and east of the Carpathians, and the formation and destruction of many new political entities. It is thus more probable that the Baiuvarii emerged in the provinces of Noricum ripense and Raetia secunda following Odoacer's withdrawal of population to Italy in 488, and the subsequent expansion of Italian Ostrogothic, and Merovingian Frankish influence into the area.[1][6] They are believed to have incorporated elements from several Germanic peoples, including the Sciri, Heruli, Suebi, Alemanni, Naristi, Thuringi and Lombards. They might also have included non-Germanic Romance people.[1] One of the earliest references to the Baiuvarii is the Frankish Table of Nations from about 520.[6] By the late 5th century, the region was under the influence of the Ostrogothic Kingdom of Theodoric the Great. During this period, the Frankish king Theudebert I (died 548) claimed control from the North Sea to Pannonia. After his death, his uncle Chlothar I appointed Garibald I as dux of Bavaria.[6] He established the Agilolfings dynasty with his power base at Augsburg or Regensburg.[1] By the 8th century, many Baiuvarii had converted to Christianity.[7] Through their ruling Agilolfings dynasty, they were closely connected with the Franks. Culture A collection of Bavarian tribal laws was compiled in the 8th century. This document is known as Lex Baiuvariorum. Elements of it possibly date back to the 6th century.[1] It is very similar to Lex Thuringorum, which was the legal code of the Thuringi, with whom the Baiuvarii had close relations.[8] The funerary traditions of the Baiuvarii are similar to those of the Alemanni, but quite different from those of the Thuringi.[8] The Baiuvarii are distinguished by the presence of individuals with artificially deformed craniums in their cemeteries. Although, these individuals were predominantly female, only found in small numbers, and they did not leave a genetic impact upon the Bavarian people. Likewise, they were determined to have mostly come from southeastern Europe, perhaps as a form of exogamy.[9] Genetics Further information: Lombards § Genetics, Goths § Genetics, Visigoths § Genetics, and Alemanni § Genetics A genetic study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2018 examined the remains of 41 individuals buried at a Bavarian cemetery ca. 500 AD. Of these, 11 whole genomes were generated. The males were found to be genetically homogeneous and of north-central European origin. The females were less homogeneous, particularly those with artificially deformed craniums. The vast majority of the surveyed individuals, particularly the males, were predicted to have had blond hair and blue eyes. No significant admixture with Roman populations from territories further south of the area was detected. Among modern populations, the surveyed individuals were found to be most closely related to modern-day Germans.[10]
  3. Title: Web: Netherlands, GenealogieOnline Trees Index, 1000-2015
    Publication: Name: http://search.ancestry.com/collections/9289/records/25955053;
    Page: Ancestry
  4. Title: Garibaldo I di Baviera - Wikipedia -in Italian
    Publication: Name: https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garibaldo_I_di_Baviera;
  5. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Dukes of Bavaria
    Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BAVARIA.htm;
    Note: Bavaria was the only one of the four original provinces of Germany to maintain an autonomous existence within part of its original territory throughout the medieval and into the modern period. Formed as a Frankish protectorate by the Merovingians, and ruled by the dukes of the Agilolfing family, Bavaria was more or less independent from the mid-7th century. The Carolingians were less tolerant of this situation and invaded Bavaria in 724, 743 and 749[1]. Charles I King of the Franks finally conquered the duchy of Bavaria in 788, forcing the abdication of the last Agilolfing Duke Tassilo II. Bavaria was incorporated into the Frankish kingdom as a province, and was a sub-kingdom of the Carolingian Frankish empire from 814. There is considerable uncertainty about the early dukes of Bavaria, not only their relationship to each other but even their names and order of succession. The mid-13th century Series Ducum Bavariæ lists, in order, the dukes from 514 as Theodo "dux primus", Theodo II, "Garibaldus rex", Tassilo [I] dux, Theodo III "quem sanctus Ruodbertus baptizavit", Theodebertus, Theodo IV "qui cum filiis sanctum Corbiniacum locavit Frisinge", Theodaldus dux, Grimoaldus dux "fratris filius", Hugpertus dux, Udilo dux "cum Theodone frater", Thassilo dux II "cum filio eius Theodone"[9]. This listing is not consistent with earlier sources. The following attempts to highlights the differences but inevitably remains an incomplete assessment. As noted in the Introduction to the present document, the Carolingians conquered Bavaria in 788 and reduced it to a province in the Frankish empire.
  6. Title: Historisches-lexikon bayerns.de - Coat of Arms, Flag
    Publication: Name: https://www.historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de/Lexikon/EN:Bavarian_coat_of_arms#The_Duke.27s_coats_of_arms_in_Bavaria;
    Note: Neither a coat of arms or a flag existed in Bavaria prior to 1183. Bavaria's status as a stem Duchy of the Frankish Empire may have contributed to the lack of "identity" in the period from the 5th-11th centuries. The Whittelsbach dynasty was the first to introduce the blue on white diamond pattern in 1180.
  7. Title: Wikipedia - Queen consorts of Bavaria
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Bavarian_consorts;
  8. Title: Wikipedia - Kings of Bavaria
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Bavaria;
  9. Title: Deutsche-Biographie.de der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
    Author: englisch link: https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz19929.html?language=en
    Publication: Name: https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz19929.html;
  10. Title: Web: Netherlands, GenealogieOnline Trees Index, 1000-Current
    Publication: Name: http://search.ancestry.com/collections/9289/records/22710817;
  11. Title: Wikipedia - Garibald I of Bavaria
    Author: Sources Gregory of Tours, History of the Franks: Books I-X, Book IV, Chapter 9 Störmer, Wilhelm. "Die Baiuwaren: Von der Völkerwanderung bis Tassilo III." pp 59 – 64. Verlag C. H. Beck, 2002, ISBN 3-406-47981-2. Notes Paul the Deacon (1907), History of the Langobards (Historia Langobardorum) Archived 2009-05-29 at the Wayback Machine, William Dudley Foulke, trans. (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania), III, x Archived 2008-09-25 at the Wayback Machine, calls him "king of the Bavarians". The mid-thirteenth-century Series Ducum Bavariæ calls him Garibaldus rex, see Cawley, Charles (August 2012), BAVARIA, Medieval Lands database, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy,[self-published source][better source needed]. "History of the Franks" IV.9, by Gregory of Tours
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garibald_I_of_Bavaria;
    Note: Garibald I (also Garivald; Latin: Garibaldus; born 540) was Duke (or King) of Bavaria from 555 until 591.[1] He was the head of the Agilolfings, and the ancestor of the Bavarian dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of the Lombards. Biography After the death of the Merovingian king Theudebald of Austrasia, his successor Chlothar I had "begun to have intercourse with"[2] his widow Waldrada (531–572), daughter of the Lombard king Wacho. Chlothar's bishops objected, so he gave Waldrada to Garibald to marry in 556. Not only did this grant Garibald prestige, but it created lasting political ties between the Bavarii and the Lombards of Pannonia and Bohemia. This would have consequences after the Lombards moved into Italy in 568. Some time before 585, the Merovingian court attempted to bind Duke Garibald more closely to its interests by arranging a marriage between his daughter Theodelinda and King Childebert II of Austrasia. At the same time the Merovingians were attempting to normalise relations with Authari, the Lombard king, by arranging a marriage between Childebert's sister and Authari. Both these proposals fell through. The offended Authari was engaged to Theodelinda in 588. Fearing an anti-Frankish axis, the Franks sent an army into Bavaria. Garibald's children Gundoald and Theodelinda fled to Italy. Authari married Theodelinda in May 589 and named his brother-in-law, Gundoald, Duke of Asti. In 590, the Franks invaded Lombardy with help from Byzantium, but were defeated. In 591, Childebert normalised relations with the Lombards and Bavarii. After King Authari died in 590, the Lombard dukes asked Theodelinda to marry again. She chose Authari's cousin Agilulf as her husband, and he was accepted as the next king. They then negotiated a peace with Childebert which lasted for decades. According to Paulus Diaconus, peace with Bavaria was restored when Childebert named Tassilo rex (king). It is unknown whether Garibald was deposed or died. Nor is it clear what Tassilo's relationship to Garibald was; though if not his son, he was certainly a close relation. He was reportedly also the father of Romilda of Friuli.
  12. Title: Lt-Col. W. H. Turton: "The Plantagenet Ancestry" Genealogic Publishing Company, Inc. Baltimore, 1993 (Orig 1928)
    Author: Genealogic Publishing Company, Inc. Baltimore, 1993 (Orig 1928)
    Note: relationships, dates
    Page: Ancestry
  13. Title: https://www.geni.com/people/Waldrada-of-the-Lombards/6000000000694856177
    Author: https://www.geni.com/people/Waldrada-of-the-Lombards/6000000000694856177
    Publication: Name: https://www.geni.com/people/Waldrada-of-the-Lombards/6000000000694856177;
  14. Title: History of Austria
    Author: History of Austria, by Richard Jaklitsch
    Publication: Name: https://xpda.com/family/ofBavaria-Theodon-ind01709.htm;
    Note: Click to expand/collapse all notes Male Theodon I of Bavaria Click to view Theodon I of Bavaria in the family tree Click to view Theodon I of Bavaria in the family tree Theodon was born about 0420. He died about 0511. General Notes The early dukes of Bavaria, who emerged under the suzerainty of the Frankish kings in the 6th Century, belonged to the family of the Agilolfings who chose Ratisbon (Regensburg, Bavaria, at the confluence of the Danube and Regan River) early on as their capital (Leeper 71). The earliest Bavarian duke in the historical record is Theodon I, who lived between 420-511 AD. He was followed by his son, Theodon II, who died in 537. The dukes of Lower Bavaria - Theodon III (died 565), Theobaldo I (died 567), and Theodebert (died 584) - preceeded Garibald I, who held the title Duke of Bavaria. Duke Garibald I, who reigned between 560-590, seems to have had the power of a sovereign. His daughter, Theodelinda, became Queen of the Lombards. Two other genealogical origins have been associated with this duke of Bavaria: the Heruli Prince Fara (died 535) and Agilulf the Bavarian (born 470). Agilulf, who married Cloderic's sister, Princess de Bourgogne, in 490 in France, was succeeded by his son Agivald Agilolfing (born 500), who, according to one genealogy, was the father of Garibald I (Tompsett "The Duchy of Bavaria"). In 592, Garibald's son, Tassilo I, who reigned between 590-610, successfully stemmed the Slavic invasion of the region at a battle that occured in the Pustertal. Tassilo's son, Garibald II, after suffering a defeat at Lienz, once again drove back the Slavs to beyond the present-day Austrian-Italian border (Leeper 71-72). In 630, Garibaldi II, who reigned between 610-640, was able to throw Frankish influence off for a time - but this independence was short-lived. The Franks under Charles Martel again subdued the Bavarians (Wittmann "Bavaria"). It was probably during the reign of Garibaldi II - during the Frankish reign of King Dagobert - that the oldest existing sections of the Bavarian Lawbook, the Lex Baiowariorum, were composed. Although written in Latin, the spirit of the document is purely Teutonic, with many Bavarian and Frankish words used to express non-Roman concepts. The oldest sections of the code focus mainly on weregelds - i.e., monetary compensations for killing or bodily injury. The meticulous precision with which these weregeld laws were calculated, and the apparent lack of moral disapproval for the violent acts themselves, reflect a pre-Christian sensibility common to most early Germanic peoples. For example, six shillings was the proper compensation for cutting off a freedman's thumb, three shillings for his first or little finger, and two shillings for the middle fingers. Compensations for slaves were proportionately lower. Interestingly, the double weregeld allowed for women reflected the Bavarian view of a woman's defenselessness. This double weregeld also applied to visiting pilgrims and travellers for the same reason (Lex Baiowariorum, tituli IV, V, and VI, summarized in Leeper 73-74). The dukedom in the House of Agilolfing was primarily heriditary. The duke was elected, by the people or the chief men of the nation, from among the near relatives of his predecessor - although the Frankish kings reserved the right to invest the dukes. According to the Lex Baiowariorum, the duke, as absolute ruler, excercised supreme power over his people. He was, however, guided in his leadership by custom, tradition, the wisdom of the chief men of the nation, and the popular feelings of the people. The duke's life was protected by a more than fivefold weregeld, and under later laws, violence against the duke was punishable by death and confiscation of the killer's property. The only offences that carried a penalty of death for a free Bavarian were conspiracy against the duke's life, and inviting enemies into the province. After the highest level of protection granted to the Agilolfing dukes, the next highest was the double weregeld granted to the five noble families of Huosi, Drozza, Fagana, Hahilinga, and Anniona - probably the descendants of kings of seperate lesser tribes incorporated within the Bavarian nation, along with the Marcomanni. Below these nobles was the general body of the Bavarian freemen, who possessed the rights to hold land, speak in the assemblies, wear their hair long and carry weapons, and fight alongside their countrymen in battle. Below the freemen were the freedmen, and below them, the bondmen - most of whom were personally free, but still bound to their lord's land and service. The only slaves within the Bavarian nation were war-captives and criminals condemned to slavery by their actions (Lex Baiowariorum, tituli III, summarized in Leeper 74-75) Family Details of Theodon's family Source/Citation History of Austria, by Richard Jaklitsch
  15. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy -Garibald
    Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BAVARIA.htm#Garibald;
    Note: GARIBALD (-[591]). GARIBALD I Duke of Bavaria. The Salzburg Annals record that "Gerbaldus Bawariæ regnum accepit" in 598[13], although this is inconsistent with the dates attributed in other sources to Duke Tassilo I (see below). The references in primary sources to his wife imply that Garibald was already duke of Bavaria at the time of his marriage. m (after 555) as her third husband, WALDRADA, widow (firstly) of THEODEBALD I King of the Franks, repudiated wife (secondly) of CLOTAIRE I King of the Franks, daughter of WACCHO King of the Lombards & his second wife Ostrogotha of the Gepides. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum names "Wisigarda…secundæ Walderada" as the two daughters of Wacho & his second wife, specifying that Waldrada married "Scusuald regis Francorum" and later "Garipald"[14]. The Historia Langobardorum names "Waldrada" as Wacho's second daughter by his second wife, specifying that she married "Chusubald rex Francorum"[15]. Paulus Diaconus names "Wisigarda…[et] secunda Walderada" as the two daughters of King Wacho & his second wife, specifying that Walderada married "Cusupald alio regi Francorum" and later "Garipald"[16]. Gregory of Tours names Vuldetrada as the wife of King Theodebald[17]. Herimannus names "Wanderadam" wife of "Theodpaldus rex Francorum" when recording her second marriage to "Lotharius rex patris eius Theodeberti patruus"[18]. According to Gregory of Tours, King Clotaire "began to have intercourse" with the widow of King Theodebald, before "the bishops complained and he handed her over to Garivald Duke of Bavaria"[19], which does not imply that King Clotaire married Waldrada. Duke Garibald & his wife had three children: a) GUNDOALD (-murdered 612). Fredegar records that "Gundoaldus" invaded part of the kingdom of Guntram King of the Franks in Nov [584][20]. b) THEODELINDIS. Her first betrothal is recorded by Fredegar who specifies that "Ago rex" married "Grimoaldi et Gundoaldi germanam…Teudelendæ ex genere Francorum" who had been betrothed to "Childebertus"[31] c) Unattested daughter . Paulus Diaconus records that "Euin dux Tridentinorum" married "filiam Garibaldi Baioariorum regis"[40]. m EVIN --- (-[590/96]).
  16. Title: Wikipedia - Agilofinge Dynasty
    Author: References[edit] ^ Jörg Jarnut: Agilolfingerstudien. Untersuchungen zur Geschichte einer adligen Familie im 6. und 7. Jahrhundert. Stuttgart 1986. Diese Ansicht wird weitgehend geteilt in: Wilhelm Störmer: Die Baiuwaren. Von der Völkerwanderung bis Tassilo III. München 2007. ^ Carl I. Hammer: From Ducatus to Regnum. Ruling Bavaria under the Merovingians and early Carolingians. 2007; Britta Kägler: „Sage mir, wie du heißt …“. Spätantik-frühmittelalterliche Eliten in den Schriftquellen. Das Beispiel der frühen Agilolfinger. In: Hubert Fehr, Irmtraut Heitmeier (eds.): Von Raetien und Noricum zur frühmittelalterlichen Baiovaria. EOS, St. Ottilien 2012, S. 183–196. Further reading[edit] Oman, Charles (1914). The Dark Ages, 476–918. London: Rivingtons. ASIN B008WI02H8. Pearson, Kathy Lynne Roper (1999). Conflicting Loyalties in Early Medieval Bavaria. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0754600114.
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agilolfings;
    Note: Theodelinda (c. 570–628), the daughter of Garibald I, fresco by Zavattari The Agilolfings were a noble family that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788. A cadet branch of the Agilolfings also ruled the Kingdom of the Lombards intermittently from 616 to 712. They are mentioned as the leading dynasty in the Lex Baiuvariorum (c. 743). Their Bavarian residence was at Regensburg. The dynasty's eponymous ancestor is Agilulf, a semi-legendary prince of the Suebi and descendant of Hermeric, the 5th-century Suevic king of Galicia, possibly identical with one Agilulf, a steward of the Visigothic king Theoderic II, who was executed in 457.[1] The first duke identified with the Agilolfing line in German historiography is Garibald I (Gariwald). However, doubt has been cast on Garibald's membership in the Agilolfing family in modern scholarship,[2] which makes Tassilo I (r. 591–610) the first ascertained member of the dynasty. The Agilolfings had close ties to the Merovingians. Garibald I himself married Waldrada, the widow of Merovingian king Theudebald, in 555, after her marriage to Chlothar I was annulled on grounds of consanguinity. As they had their fate intertwined with the Merovingian dynasty, they opposed the rise of the Carolingian majordomos, who finally deprived the Agilolfings of their power. Rulers of Bavaria Garibald I, Duke of Bavaria 548–591 Tassilo I, King of Bavaria 591–610 Garibald II, Duke of Bavaria 610–630 Theodo, Duke of Bavaria 680–716 Lantpert, son of Theodo, murderer of Emmeram of Regensburg Uta, daughter of Theodo Theodbert, son of Theodo, Duke in Salzburg ca. 702–719 Theobald, son of Theodo, Duke of parts of Bavaria ca. 711–719 Tassilo II, son of Theodo, Duke in Passau ca. 716–719 Grimoald, son of Theodo, Duke in Freising ca. 716–725, later ruling all of Bavaria Hugbert, son of Theudbert, Duke of Bavaria 725–737 Odilo, son of Gotfried of Allemania, Duke of Bavaria 737–748 Grifo, 748 (half-Carolingian usurper) Tassilo III, son of Odilo, Duke of Bavaria 748–788, deposed by Charlemagne Theodo, son of Tassilo III, became a monk Rulers of Italy[edit] Main article: Bavarian dynasty Gundoald, Duke of Asti, son of Garibald I Theodelinda, daughter of Garibald I of Bavaria, Queen of the Lombards Adaloald, son of Theodelinda and Agilulf, King of the Lombards 616 to 626 Gundeberga, daughter of Agilulf and Theodelinda, married King Arioald Aripert I, son of Gundoald, King of the Lombards 653–661 Godepert, eldest son of Aripert, King of the Lombards 661–662 jointly with Berthari, younger son of Aripert, King of the Lombards 661–662 and 672–688 Cunincpert, son of Berthari, King of the Lombards 688–700 Liutpert, son of Cunincpert, King of the Lombards 700–701 Raginpert, son of Godepert, King of the Lombards 701 Aripert II, son of Raginpert, King of the Lombards 701–712 At the Austrasian court[edit] Chrodoald, nobleman at the court of Dagobert I, killed in 624 Fara, opponent to Sigebert III
  17. Title: Wikiwand -History of Bavaria
    Author: Bischel, Matthias (2019). "An English-Language Bibliography on Bavarian History: Academic Publications of the Last Fifty Years". Bavarian Studies in History and Culture. Fishman, Joshua A.; García, Ofelia (2011). Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity: The Success-Failure Continuum in Language and Ethnic Identity Efforts Volume 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195392456. James, Peter (1995). The Politics of Bavaria an Exception to the Rule: The Special Position of the Free State of Bavaria in the New Germany. Aldershot: Avebury. ISBN 9781859721667. Myers, Paul F.; Mouldin, Wayman Parker (1952). Population of the Federal Republic of Germany and West Berlin. Washington DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. OCLC 4137697. Reindel, K (1981). "Die Bajuwaren. Quellen, Hypothesen, Tatsachen". Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters. 37: 451–473. et.al.
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bavaria;
    Note: (excerpt) Bavaria and the Agilolfings under Frankish overlordship The Bavarians soon came under the dominion of the Franks, probably without a serious struggle. The Franks regarded this border area as a buffer zone against peoples to the east, such as the Avars and the Slavs, and as a source of manpower for the army. Sometime around 550 AD they put it under the administration of a duke - possibly Frankish or possibly chosen from amongst the local leading families - who was supposed to act as a regional governor for the Frankish king. The first duke known was Garibald I, a member of the powerful Agilolfing family. This was the beginning of a series of Agilolfing dukes that was to last until 788 AD. For a century and a half, a succession of dukes resisted the inroads of the Slavs on their eastern frontier and by the time of Duke Theodo I, who died in 717, had achieved complete independence from the feeble Frankish kings. When Charles Martel became the virtual ruler of the Frankish realm he brought the Bavarians into strict dependence and deposed two dukes successively for contumacy. His son and successor Pepin the Short likewise maintained Frankish authority. Several marriages took place between the family to which he belonged and the Agilolfings, who were united in a similar manner with the kings of the Lombards. The ease with which the Franks suppressed various risings gives colour to the supposition that family quarrels rather than the revolt of an oppressed people motivated the rebellions. Bavarian law was committed to writing between the years 739 AD and 748 AD. Supplementary clauses, added afterward, bear evidence of Frankish influence. Thus, while the duchy belongs to the Agilolfing family, the duke must be chosen by the people and his election confirmed by the Frankish king, to whom he owes fealty. The duke has a fivefold weregild, summons the nobles and clergy for purposes of deliberation, calls out the host, administers justice, and regulates finance. Five noble families exist, possibly representing former divisions of the people. Subordinate to the nobles we find the freeborn and then the freedmen. The law divided the country into gaits or counties, under their counts, assisted by judges responsible for declaring the law. Christianity Christianity had lingered in Bavaria from Roman times, but a new era set in when Bishop Rupert of Worms came to the county at the invitation of Duke Theodo I in 696. He founded several monasteries, as did Bishop Emmeran of Poitiers, with the result that before long, most of the people professed Christianity and relations commenced between Bavaria and Rome. The 8th century witnessed indeed a heathen reaction, but the arrival of Saint Boniface in Bavaria during c. 734 AD checked apostasy.[citation needed] Boniface organised the Bavarian church and founded or restored bishoprics at Salzburg, Freising, Regensburg and Passau. Tassilo III, who became duke of the Bavarians in 749, recognized the supremacy of the Frankish king, Pepin the Short in 757 AD, but soon afterward refused to furnish a contribution to the war in Aquitaine. Moreover, during the early years of the reign of Charlemagne, Tassilo gave decisions in ecclesiastical and civil causes in his own name, refused to appear in the assemblies of the Franks, and in general acted as an independent ruler. His control of the Alpine passes, and his position as an ally of the Avars and as a son-in-law of the Lombard king Desiderius, became so troublesome to the Frankish kingdom that Charlemagne determined to crush him. The details of this contest remain obscure. Tassilo appears to have done homage in 781 AD and again in 787 AD, probably owing to the presence of Frankish armies. But further trouble soon arose, and in 788 AD, the Franks summoned the duke to Ingelheim and sentenced him to death on a charge of treachery. The King, however, pardoned Tassilo who entered a monastery and formally renounced his duchy at Frankfurt in 794. Gerold, a brother-in-law of Charlemagne, ruled Bavaria till his death in a battle with the Avars in 799, when Frankish counts took over the administration and assimilated the land with the rest of the Carolingian empire. Measures taken by Charlemagne for the intellectual progress and material welfare of his realm improved conditions. The Bavarians offered no resistance to the change which thus abolished their duchy. Their incorporation with the Frankish dominions, due mainly to the unifying influence of the church, appeared already so complete that Charlemagne did not find it necessary to issue more than two capitularies dealing especially with Bavarian affairs.
  18. Title: https://www.geni.com/people/Garibald-I-duke-of-the-Bavarians/6000000002235165607
    Author: https://www.geni.com/people/Garibald-I-duke-of-the-Bavarians/6000000002235165607
    Publication: Name: https://www.geni.com/people/Garibald-I-duke-of-the-Bavarians/6000000002235165607;
    Note: Gregory of Tours, History of the Franks: Books I-X, Book IV, Chapter 9Störmer, Wilhelm. "Die Baiuwaren: Von der Völkerwanderung bis Tassilo III." pp 59 – 64. Verlag C. H. Beck, 2002, ISBN 3-406-47981-2.
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