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Authari King of the Lombards


Preferred Parents:
Father: Cleph , b. 513 in Kingdom of the Lombards, Italy   d. 574 in Italy
Mother: Masane , b. ABT 515 in Roman Empire   d. 574

Family 1: Theodelindis Queen of the Lombards,    b. um 0563 in Duchy of Bavaria, Bavaria    d. 22 JAN 627 in Verona, Veneto, Italy
Family 2: Autharis De Lombardy,    b. ABT 530   
  1. Theodora De Lombardia, b. 553 in Milan, Lombardia, Italie     d. 625 in Milan, Lombardia, Italie
Sources:
  1. Title: Wikipedia - Autari, King of the Lombards
    Author: Ghosh, Shami (2015). Writing the Barbarian Past: Studies in Early Medieval Historical Narrative. Leiden: BRILL. p. 144. ISBN 9789004305229. the Deacon, Paul (2011). History of the Lombards. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 140. ISBN 0812210794. Frassetto, Michael (2013). The Early Medieval World: From the Fall of Rome to the Time of Charlemagne [2 Volumes]. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, LLC. p. 525. ISBN 9781598849950. "German Tribes org Lombard Kings". GermanTribes.org. Archived from the original on 2010-07-18. Retrieved 2010-07-18.
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authari;
    Note: Authari (c. 540 – 5 September 590) was king of the Lombards from 584 to his death. He was considered as the first Lombard king to have adopted some level of "Roman-ness" and introduced policies that led to drastic changes particularly in the treatment of the Romans and Christianity.[1] Rule Authari was the son of Cleph, King of the Lombards. When the latter died in 574, the Lombard nobility refused to appoint a successor, resulting in a ten-years-long interregnum known as the Rule of the Dukes. In 574 and 575 the Lombards invaded Provence, then part of the kingdom of Burgundy of the Merovingian Guntram. The latter, in alliance with his nephew, the king of Austrasia Childebert II, replied by invading Northern Italy. The Austrasian army descended the valley of the Adige and took Trent. The Byzantine emperor, Tiberius II, began to negotiate an alliance with the Franks, and so the Lombards, fearful of a pincer movement, elected another king. In 584, they elected Duke Authari and ceded him the capital of Pavia as well as half of their ducal domains as a demesne. He spent his entire reign in wars with the Franks, the Byzantines, and Lombard rebels. His first major test was the quashing of the rebel duke Droctulf of Brescello, who had allied with the Romans and was ruling the Po valley. Having expelled him, he spent most of the rest of his six years on the throne fighting the exarch of Ravenna, Smaragdus, or the Merovingian kings. Guntram and Childebert were still not satisfied with their successes in Italy and they many times threatened invasion, following through on their threats twice. The memory of Theudebert I of Austrasia's campaigns in Italy, the urging of Childebert's warlike mother Brunhilda and the Byzantine emperor and exarch, as well as the wrongs done Guntram in the past undoubtedly fueled their quarrelsomeness. In 588, Authari defeated them handily, but in 590, the uncle and nephew led two armies across the Alps, respectively over Mont Cenis and the Brenner to Milan and Verona. Though Authari shut himself up in Pavia, the Franks accomplished little as the exarch's army did not meet them and they could not even join up with each other. Pestilence and the Breach at Cucca flood turned them around and they left the Lombards much chastened, but hardly defeated. Authari, when not controlled by foreign armies, expanded the Lombard dominion at the expense of Byzantium. He took the fortress of Comacchio and cut off communication between Padua and Ravenna. Faroald, duke of Spoleto, captured the Ravennan seaport of Classis and utterly devastated it. Authari swept through the peninsula all the way to Reggio, vowing to take Calabria — a vow never to be kept by any Lombard. Authari married Theodelinda, daughter of the Bavarian duke Garibald I, on 15 May 589 at Verona. A Catholic, she had great influence among the Lombards for her virtue. A detailed account of the courtship by the eighth-century historian Paul the Deacon revealed that the marriage was also a political alliance designed to provide additional sanction to Authari's royal position.[2] In addition, Theodelinda was also chosen due to the long-standing ties between the Lombards and the Bavarians as well as their mutual hostility toward the Franks.[3] She also claimed descent from the ancient Lombard royal line.[3] When Authari died in Pavia in 590, possibly by poison, he was succeeded as king by Agilulf, duke of Turin, on the advice, sought by the dukes, of Theodelinda, who married the new king.[4]
  2. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
    Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ITALY,%20Kings%20to%20962.htm#AuthacharLombardsdied590;
    Note: AUTHACHAR [Authari] (-Ticinum 5 Sep 590). The Origo Gentis Langobardorum records that "Autarine filio Claffoni" was installed as king after a twelve year period of rule by Langobard dukes[383]. No proof has been found that he was the son of Masane. "Autari, Clefoni filius" was elected AUTHACHAR King of the Lombards in 584 by the Lombard dukes who restored the monarchy in his favour[384]. Paulus Diaconus records the death "apud Ticinum Nonas Sep" of King Authari from poison after a reign of six years[385]. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum states that King Authari ruled for seven years[386]. Betrothed (before [590], contract broken) to CHLODESINDIS [Clodesinde], daughter of SIGEBERT I King of the Franks & his wife Brunechildis of the Visigoths ([575/76]-after 594). Chlodosind is named as daughter of Queen Brunhilde, and sister of King Childebert, in the Treaty of Andelot dated 28 Nov 587[387]. Paulus Diaconus records the betrothal of "Flavius rex Authari" and "Childebertus…suam germanam", but states that Childebert accepted an offer of another betrothal for her from "Gothorum de Hispania"[388]. No proof has been found that the daughter referred to by Paulus was Chlodesindis but this is assumed to be the case. m (before [590]) as her first husband, THEODELINDIS, daughter of GARIBALD Duke of Bavaria & his wife Waldrada of the Lombards. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum names "Theudelenda filia Garipald et Walderade de Baiuaria" as the wife of "Autarine filio Claffoni"[389]. Paulus Diaconus records the betrothal of "Flavius…rex Authari" and "Garibaldi…regis…Theudelindam suam filiam" and their subsequent marriage "Idus Maius"[390]. The Salzburg Annals name "Gerbaldi regis filiam Theodelingam" when recording her marriage to "Otharius rex Lombardorum"[391]. She is named by Fredegar as the sister of Grimoald and Gundoald, and kinswoman of King Clotaire II[392]. The marriage of "Theodolindum filiam Gerwaldi regis Baioariorum" to "Otharius rex Longobardorum" is recorded in the Excerpta Altahensia[393]. The Annales Ducum Bavariæ record her second marriage to "Aigilulfus rex Lombardum"[394]. She married secondly Agilolf King of the Lombards. Paulus Diaconus records that, after the death of her first husband, "Theudelinda" wisely chose "Agilulfum ducem Taurinatium" as her husband and king of the Lombards[395]. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum records that "Theudelenda filia Garipald et Walderade de Baiuaria" married secondly "Acquo" who installed himself as king[396]. The Chronicle of Andreas of Bergamo names "Teudelinda filia Garibaldi Baioariorum rex" as the wife first of Autari and then of Agilolf[397].
  3. Title: Wikipedia - Authari, King of the Lombards
    Author: Ghosh, Shami (2015). Writing the Barbarian Past: Studies in Early Medieval Historical Narrative. Leiden: BRILL. p. 144. ISBN 9789004305229. ^ the Deacon, Paul (2011). History of the Lombards. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 140. ISBN 0812210794. ^ Jump up to: a b Frassetto, Michael (2013). The Early Medieval World: From the Fall of Rome to the Time of Charlemagne [2 Volumes]. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, LLC. p. 525. ISBN 978-1598849950. ^ "German Tribes org Lombard Kings". GermanTribes.org. Archived from the original on 2010-07-18. Retrieved 2010-07-18.
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authari;
    Note: Authari King of the Lombards Nuremberg chronicles f 150r 1.jpg Woodcut vignette of Authari in the 1493 Nuremberg Chronicle Reign 584 – 590 Predecessor Rule of the Dukes Successor Agilulf Born c. 550 Died 5 September 590 Pavia, Lombard Kingdom Spouse Theodelinda Father Cleph Religion Arianism Authari (c. 550 – 5 September 590) was king of the Lombards from 584 to his death. He was considered as the first Lombard king to have adopted some level of "Roman-ness" and introduced policies that led to drastic changes particularly in the treatment of the Romans and Christianity.[1] Rule[edit] Authari was the son of Cleph, King of the Lombards. When the latter died in 574, the Lombard nobility refused to appoint a successor, resulting in a ten-years-long interregnum known as the Rule of the Dukes. In 574 and 575 the Lombards invaded Provence, then part of the kingdom of Burgundy of the Merovingian Guntram. The latter, in alliance with his nephew, the king of Austrasia Childebert II, replied by invading Northern Italy. The Austrasian army descended the valley of the Adige and took Trent. The Byzantine emperor, Tiberius II, began to negotiate an alliance with the Franks, and so the Lombards, fearful of a pincer movement, elected another king. In 584, they elected Duke Authari and ceded him the capital of Pavia as well as half of their ducal domains as a demesne. He spent his entire reign in wars with the Franks, the Byzantines, and Lombard rebels. His first major test was the quashing of the rebel duke Droctulf of Brescello, who had allied with the Romans and was ruling the Po valley. Having expelled him, he spent most of the rest of his six years on the throne fighting the exarch of Ravenna, Smaragdus, or the Merovingian kings. Guntram and Childebert were still not satisfied with their successes in Italy and they many times threatened invasion, following through on their threats twice. The memory of Theudebert I of Austrasia's campaigns in Italy, the urging of Childebert's warlike mother Brunhilda and the Byzantine emperor and exarch, as well as the wrongs done Guntram in the past undoubtedly fueled their quarrelsomeness. In 588, Authari defeated them handily, but in 590, the uncle and nephew led two armies across the Alps, respectively over Mont Cenis and the Brenner to Milan and Verona. Though Authari shut himself up in Pavia, the Franks accomplished little as the exarch's army did not meet them and they could not even join up with each other. Pestilence and the Breach at Cucca flood turned them around and they left the Lombards much chastened, but hardly defeated. Authari, when not controlled by foreign armies, expanded the Lombard dominion at the expense of Byzantium. He took the fortress of Comacchio and cut off communication between Padua and Ravenna. Faroald, duke of Spoleto, captured the Ravennan seaport of Classis and utterly devastated it. Authari swept through the peninsula all the way to Reggio, vowing to take Calabria – a vow never to be kept by any Lombard. Authari married Theodelinda, daughter of the Bavarian duke Garibald I, on 15 May 589 at Verona. A Catholic, she had great influence among the Lombards for her virtue. A detailed account of the courtship by the eighth-century historian Paul the Deacon revealed that the marriage was also a political alliance designed to provide additional sanction to Authari's royal position.[2] In addition, Theodelinda was also chosen due to the long-standing ties between the Lombards and the Bavarians as well as their mutual hostility toward the Franks.[3] She also claimed descent from the ancient Lombard royal line.[3] When Authari died in Pavia in 590, possibly by poison, he was succeeded as king by Agilulf, duke of Turin, on the advice, sought by the dukes, of Theodelinda, who married the new king.[4]
  4. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
    Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ITALY,%20Kings%20to%20962.htm#AuthacharLombardsdied590;
    Note: KLEPH, son of --- (-murdered 574). He succeeded in 573 as KLEPH King of the Lombards. Paulus Diaconus records that King Kleph had his throat cut by his own men after reigning one year and six months[378]. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum records that "Cleph" ruled for two years[379]. The Marii Episcopi Aventicensis Chronica records that "Clebus rex Langibardorum" was killed in 574 "a puero suo"[380]. The death of King Kleph in 574 was followed by a 12 year interregnum when the Lombards "lived … under the rule of twelve dukes"[381]. m MASANE, daughter of ---. Paulus Diaconus names "Masane" as the wife of King Kleph[382]. King Kleph & [his wife] had one child: 1. AUTHACHAR [Authari] (-Ticinum 5 Sep 590). The Origo Gentis Langobardorum records that "Autarine filio Claffoni" was installed as king after a twelve year period of rule by Langobard dukes[383]. No proof has been found that he was the son of Masane. "Autari, Clefoni filius" was elected AUTHACHAR King of the Lombards in 584 by the Lombard dukes who restored the monarchy in his favour[384]. Paulus Diaconus records the death "apud Ticinum Nonas Sep" of King Authari from poison after a reign of six years[385]. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum states that King Authari ruled for seven years[386]. Betrothed (before [590], contract broken) to CHLODESINDIS [Clodesinde], daughter of SIGEBERT I King of the Franks & his wife Brunechildis of the Visigoths ([575/76]-after 594). Chlodosind is named as daughter of Queen Brunhilde, and sister of King Childebert, in the Treaty of Andelot dated 28 Nov 587[387]. Paulus Diaconus records the betrothal of "Flavius rex Authari" and "Childebertus…suam germanam", but states that Childebert accepted an offer of another betrothal for her from "Gothorum de Hispania"[388]. No proof has been found that the daughter referred to by Paulus was Chlodesindis but this is assumed to be the case. m (before [590]) as her first husband, THEODELINDIS, daughter of GARIBALD Duke of Bavaria & his wife Waldrada of the Lombards. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum names "Theudelenda filia Garipald et Walderade de Baiuaria" as the wife of "Autarine filio Claffoni"[389]. Paulus Diaconus records the betrothal of "Flavius…rex Authari" and "Garibaldi…regis…Theudelindam suam filiam" and their subsequent marriage "Idus Maius"[390]. The Salzburg Annals name "Gerbaldi regis filiam Theodelingam" when recording her marriage to "Otharius rex Lombardorum"[391]. She is named by Fredegar as the sister of Grimoald and Gundoald, and kinswoman of King Clotaire II[392]. The marriage of "Theodolindum filiam Gerwaldi regis Baioariorum" to "Otharius rex Longobardorum" is recorded in the Excerpta Altahensia[393]. The Annales Ducum Bavariæ record her second marriage to "Aigilulfus rex Lombardum"[394]. She married secondly Agilolf King of the Lombards. Paulus Diaconus records that, after the death of her first husband, "Theudelinda" wisely chose "Agilulfum ducem Taurinatium" as her husband and king of the Lombards[395]. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum records that "Theudelenda filia Garipald et Walderade de Baiuaria" married secondly "Acquo" who installed himself as king[396]. The Chronicle of Andreas of Bergamo names "Teudelinda filia Garibaldi Baioariorum rex" as the wife first of Autari and then of Agilolf[397].
  5. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
    Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ITALY,%20Kings%20to%20962.htm#AgilolfLombardsdied615;
    Note: AGILOLF [Ago], son of --- (-615). According to Fredegar, Ago was the son of King Authachar[398]. None of the Lombard sources specify this. It must be incorrect in view of King Ago's marriage to Theodelindis, the widow of his predecessor. If she had been Ago's stepmother, this would surely have been the subject of adverse comment in contemporary sources. Duke of Turin. Paulus Diaconus names "inter ceteros Langobardorum duces Agilulf dux Taurinensium civitatis"[399]. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum records that "Acquo dux Thuringus" came from "Thaurinis", made himself king and married "Theudelendæ reginæ"[400]. A later manuscript of the Origo names him "Agiluf Turingus ex genere Anawat"[401]. He succeeded as AGILOLF King of the Lombards in [590]. Paulus Diaconus records that, after the death of her first husband, "Theudelinda" wisely chose "Agilulfum ducem Taurinatium" as her husband and king of the Lombards[402]. Fredegar dates the accession of "Ago dux" to the thirty first year of the reign of Guntram King of the Franks[403]. He was evidently faced with considerable opposition after his accession as Paulus Diaconus records that King Agilulf killed "Mimulfum ducem de insula Sancti Iuliani", that "Gaidulfus…Pergamensis dux" rebelled in the town of Bergamo, and that "dux Ulfari" rebelled "aput Tarvisium" but was captured[404]. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum records that "Acquo" killed "duces revelles suos, Zangrolf de Verona, Mimulf de insula Sancti Iuliani et Gaidulf de Bergamum"[405]. The rebellions persisted, as shown by Paulus Diaconus recording that the king suppressed the rebellion of "Zangrulfum Veronensium ducem", that "Gaidulfum…Pergamensem ducem" died after being spared a second time, and that "Warnecautiam" was killed "aput Ticinum"[406]. The same source also records that "Gaidoaldus dux de Tridento et Gisulfus de Foroiuli" rebelled against Agilolf King of the Lombards but were pardoned[407]. King Agilulf's reign was also marked by frequent Avar incursions into Lombard territory, as shown by Paulus Diaconus recording that "Agilulfus rex" made peace with the Avars which was later renewed, a subsequent invasion of Istria by "Avaribus et Sclavis", and a later invasion during which "Gisulfus Foroiulianis dux" was killed[408]. The Historia Langobardorum states that "Agilwaldo" ruled for 25 years[409]. Paulus Diaconus records that "Agilulf rex qui et Ago est appellatus" died after reigning for 25 years[410]. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum records that "Acquo" ruled for six years[411]. [m firstly ---. There is no record of an earlier marriage of King Agilolf. However, it is likely considering the references in Paulus Diaconus to his married daughter (see below) before the record of the birth of his son by Queen Theodelindis, unless this daughter was illegitimate.] m [secondly] (after 590) as her second husband, THEODELINDIS, widow of AUTHARI King of the Lombards, daughter of GARIBALD Duke of Bavaria & his wife Waldrada of the Lombards. Paulus Diaconus records that, after the death of her first husband, "Theudelinda" wisely chose "Agilulfum ducem Taurinatium" as her husband and king of the Lombards[412]. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum records that "Theudelenda filia Garipald et Walderade de Baiuaria" married secondly "Acquo" who installed himself as king[413]. The Chronicle of Andreas of Bergamo names "Teudelinda filia Garibaldi Baioariorum rex" as the wife first of Autari and then of Agilolf[414]. Fredegar records the marriage of "Ago rex" and "Grimoaldi et Gundoaldi germanam…Teudelendæ ex genere Francorum", specifying that she had been betrothed to "Childebertus"[415]. Paulus Diaconus records that "Theudelinda regina" constructed the basilica of John the Baptist at Modicia and established the royal palace at Monza[416]. Pope Gregory I presented her with gifts to reward her efforts in converting the Lombards to Catholicism[417]. King Agilolf & [his first wife] had one child: 1. daughter . King Agilolf & his [second] wife had two children: 2. ADALOALD ([600/05]-625). 3. GUNDBERGA .
  6. Title: Wikipedia
    Author: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authari
    Publication: Name: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authari;
  7. Title: Wikipedia - Origo Gentis Langobardum
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origo_Gentis_Langobardorum;
    Note: Origin Wodan, with Frigga, looks down from their window in the heavens to the Winnili women below (1905) by Emil Doepler. Winnili women with their hair tied as beards looking up at Wodan and Frigga (1905) by Emil Doepler. The text mentions an island Scandanan, the home of the Winnili. Their ruler was a woman called Gambara, with her sons Ybor and Agio. The leaders of the Vandals, Ambri and Assi, asked them to pay them tribute, but they refused, saying they would fight them. Ambri and Assi then went to Godan, and asked him for victory over the Winnili. Godan replied that he would give the victory to whomever he saw first at sunrise. At the same time, Gambara and her sons asked Frea, Godan's wife, for victory. Frea advised that the women of the Winnili should tie their hair in front of their faces like beards and join their men for battle. At sunrise, Frea turned her husband's bed so that he was facing east, and woke him. Godan saw the women of the Winnili, their hair tied in front of their faces, and asked "Who are these longbeards?", and Frea replied, since you named them, give them victory, and he did. From this day, the Winnili were called Langobardi, "longbeards". Migration After this, the Lombards migrated, and they came to Golaida (perhaps at the Oder), and later they ruled Aldonus and Anthaib (unclear, perhaps in Bavaria) and Bainaib (also Banthaib; perhaps in Bohemia) and Burgundaib (perhaps territory of the Burgundians, at the Middle Rhine ), and they chose as their king Agilmund, son of Agion, from the line of Gugingus, and later they were ruled by Laiamicho of the same dynasty, and after him Lethuc, who ruled for some 40 years. He was succeeded by his son, Aldihoc, and after him, Godehoc ruled. The Danubian lands Audochari came from Ravenna with the Alans,[origo 1] and came to Rugilanda (Lower Austria, north of the Danube) to fight the Rugii, and he killed Theuvanue their king, and returned to Italy with many captives. The Lombards consequently left their land and lived in Rugilanda for some years. Gudehoc was succeeded by his son, Claffo, and he by his son, Tato. The Lombards tarried at Feld for three years, where Tato fought and killed Rodolfo, king of the Heruli. Wacho son of Unichus killed Tato, and Ildichus, Tato's son fought Wacho, but he had to flee to the Gepids, where he died. Wacho had three wives, the first Raicunda, daughter of Fisud, king of the Turingi, the second Austrigusa, a daughter of the Gippidi, who had two daughters, Wisigarda, who married Theudipert, king of the Franks, and Walderada, who married Suscald, another king of the Franks, who didn't like her and gave her to Garipald, and the third Silinga, daughter of the king of the Heruli, who had a son named Waltari, who succeeded Wacho and ruled for seven years. Farigaidus was the last of the line of Lethuc. After Waltari ruled Auduin, who led the Lombards to Pannonia. Albuin, son of Auduin and his wife Rodelenda ruled after him. Albuin fought and killed Cunimund, king of the Gippidi. Albuin took to wife Cunimund's daughter, Rosemunda, and after she died Flutsuinda, daughter of Flothario, king of the Franks. She had a daughter called Albsuinda. Italy After the Lombards had lived in Pannonia for 42 years, Albuin led them into Italy, in the month of April, and two years later, Albuin was lord of Italy.[origo 2] He ruled for three years before he was killed by Hilmichis and his wife Rosemunda, in the palace in Verona. The Lombards, however, didn't suffer Hilmichis to rule them, so Rosamunda called the prefect Longinus that he should capture Ravenna, and Hilmichis and Rosamunda escaped with Albsuinda, daughter of king Albuin, and the whole treasury of Ravenna. Longinus then tried to persuade Rosamunda to kill Hilmichis, so she might marry him, and she followed his advice and poisoned him, but as Hilmichis drank the poison, he realized what was happening, and he asked Rosamunda to drink with him, and they died together. Thus, Longinus was left with all the treasures of the Lombards, and with Albsuinda, the king's daughter, whom he carried away to the Emperor at Constantinople. After Albuin, Cleph[origo 3] was king for two years. Then there followed an interregnum of twelve years, during which the Lombards were ruled by dukes. After this, Autarinus,[origo 4] son of Claffo was king for seven years. He married Theudelenda, daughter of Garipald, and also Walderade of Bavaria. With Theudelenda came Gundoald her brother, and Autarinus made him duke of Asti. Acquo, duke of the Turingi came from the Thaurini, and married queen Theudelenda, becoming king of the Lombards. He killed his enemies, Zangrolf of Verona, Mimulf of the Island of Saint Julian, Gaidulf of Bergamo, and others. With Theudelenda, he had a daughter called Gunperga, and he ruled for six years. After him ruled Aroal,[origo 5] for twelve years, and after him Rothari[origo 6] of the Arodus family, and he broke the a city and fortress of the Romans, and he fought at the Scutella river, killing 8,000 Romans. Rothari ruled for 17 years, and after him Aripert[origo 7] for nine years, and after him Grimoald, for nine years. After Grimoald, Berthari was king. Chronology There are no dates in Origo Gentis Langobardorum, but the following gives the chronology: 487, Audochari fought the Rugii 565, Albuin became lord of Italy 572-574, Cleph 584-590, Autarinus c. 624-636, Aroal 636-652, Rothari 653- 661, Aripert
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