Attila the Hun

• Preferred Name: Attila the Hun^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• Treaty+of+Margus: 439 in Roman Empire at LATI: N1.9667 LONG: E2.6667 with note: Description: Attila and Bleda together brokered the Treaty of Margus with Rome
  
• MilitaryService: defeated at the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains451
  
• Occupation: Ruler of the Hunnic Empire2 JUL 434 in Central and Eastern Europe at LATI: N1 LONG: E5.5
  
• Birth: 395 in Pannonia, Roman Empire at LATI: N7 LONG: E9
  
• Death: 16 MAR 453 in Pannonian Basin, Romania at LATI: N6.5 LONG: E0
  
• MilitaryService: Invaded, sacked and destroyed Roman cities all the way to within 20 miles of the Roman capital of ConstantinopleABT 441 in Constantinople at LATI: N1.0136 LONG: E8.955
  
• Burial: 453 in Jászberény, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, Hungary at LATI: N7.5093 LONG: E9.909
  
• FSID: LV7X-2HK
  
• MilitaryService: Razed the city of Naissus, birthplace of Constantine the GreatABT 441
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: 70th King of the Huns - Sole RulerBET 445 AND 453 in Europe
  
• MilitaryService: Invaded the region of Moesia (the Balkan area), destroying over 70 cities, taking survivors as slaves, and sending the loot back to his stronghold at the city of BudaBET 446 AND 447
  
• Tribe Name: with note: Description: Huns
  
• MilitaryService: Bleda et Attila - raided Illyria and Thrace442 with note: The Chronicle of Marcellinus records that "Bleda et Attila fratres" raided Illyria and Thrace in 442
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: The Scourge God of the Huns" King of the Huns Ascama with note: Data Standardization.
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: King of the Huns - Joint rule with BledaBET 435 AND 445
  
• Notes:

  Rei dos Hunos
  Rei dos hunos em 433, filho de um chefe huno, Mundzuk, sucedeu a um tio paterno, Ruas. Basicamente um guerreiro, sua vida é uma
  sucessão de batalhas. Seu noivado com Honoria, neta do imperador Teodós
  
  Quem foi Átila?
  Átila, o Huno (406 – 453), também conhecido como Praga de Deus ou Flagelo de Deus,1 2 foi o último e mais poderoso rei dos hunos. Governou o maior império europeu de seu tempo desde 434 até sua morte.
  
  === Wiki Page ===
  Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attila
  
  === Over 3million sources on Google ===
  Google has more than 3million sources for Attila. There are bound to be a number of different opinions about who his wives were.
  Recently, his wives listed have been deleted. No one can be 100% sure about what is absolutely correct.
  On FamilySearch we do not delete names others have added if we are not 100% sure it is incorrect(with reliable sources). Instead we add our own alternative spouse or parent and use that on our own Familytree. This option is available by the name.
  
  American mini-series named Attila in 2001 mentions an Uncle Rua.
  It is said Attila did not kill his brother immediately after Rua death as he and his brother were co-rulers for 11 years.
  
  === Decedents of Attila the Hun are all questionable ===
  A simple search of the internet will show that there are no official linages of Attila the Hun. All are speculative.
  
  === Nickname: The Scourge Name Prefix: ===
  Nickname: The Scourge Name Prefix: King Name Suffix: Of TheHuns
  
  === NOTES ===
  http://fabpedigree.com/s084/f329059.htm
  Атти́ла (лат. Attila, греч. Ἀττήλας, ср.-в.-нем. Etzel, ум. 453) — правитель гуннов с 434 по 453 год, объединивший под своей властью остальные тюркские, а также германские и другие племена, создавший державу, простиравшуюся от Рейна до Волги.
  
  Спустя век после смерти Аттилы готский историк Иордан так отозвался о вожде варваров[4]: «Повелитель всех гуннов и правитель, единственный в мире, племён чуть ли не всей Скифии, достойный удивления по баснословной славе своей среди всех варваров». Память о вожде гуннов сохранялась на протяжении веков в устном германском эпосе и перешла в скандинавские саги. В ранних сказаниях германцев, сложенных в эпоху Великого переселения народов, Аттила указан вторым в списке великих правителей.
  Год и место рождения Аттилы остались неизвестны. Очень приблизительно его возраст можно определить на основании свидетельств очевидца Приска Панийского, который в 448 году дал описание Аттилы как человека с бородой, только тронутой сединой. Старший сын Аттилы, которого он послал править среди акациров в 448 году, был в таком возрасте, что ему требовался опекун в лице военачальника Онегесия. Всё это позволяет предположить рождение Аттилы в первом десятилетии V века. По одной из версий имя Аттила восходит к тюркскому Итиль, Атиль (Волга), и означает «волжанин», «человек с Волги», по другой версии имя происходит от тюркского слова «атлы, атли», что означает «именитый», «прославленный», второе же значение данного слова «всадник», «конник», по третьей версии имя восходит к слову «ата, атта», что с тюркских языков переводится «отец», «главный»[7].
  
  До 440-х годов гунны не доставляли особых хлопот Западной и Восточной Римским империям, выступая чаще как федераты Западной империи против её врагов-германцев. Область их расселения в 420-е годы отмечена[8] около Паннонии (примерно в районе современной Венгрии). Они кочевали за Дунаем на обширных пространствах между его устьем и Рейном, покоряя местные варварские племена.
  
  Отец Аттилы Мундзук был из царского рода гуннов. Его братья Октар (или Оптар) и Руа (Роас, Ругила) были вождями у гуннов[9]. Приск упоминает также их четвёртого брата Оиварсия. О Мундзуке ничего не известно, кроме того, что он был отцом будущих вождей Аттилы и Бледы. Оптар отмечен в «Истории» Сократа Схоластика как вождь гуннов, который в 420-е годы сражался с бургундами на Рейне и умер от обжорства[10].
  
  Наибольшую известность в источниках получил Руа (Ругила, Роас, Руга, Роил)[11]. В 433 году Руа, которому Византия выплачивала ежегодную дань в 350 литр[12] золотом, стал грозить Восточной Римской империи (Византии) разорвать мирные соглашения из-за беглецов, спасавшихся от гуннов на территории империи[13]. В ходе переговорного процесса и локальных набегов Руа скончался[14].
  
  В 434 году племянники Ругилы Бледа и Аттила стали вождями гуннов. Вероятно, Бледа был старшим из братьев, так как «Галльская хроника 452 года» сообщает только его имя как наследника Ругилы (Руа)[15]. Однако Бледа ничем не проявил себя, в то время как историк Приск в описании событий всегда упоминает Аттилу как вождя, с которым империя была вынуждена договариваться. Продолжив переговоры, начатые Руа, Аттила заставил византийского императора Феодосия Младшего выплачивать ежегодную дань в двойном размере (700 литр золотом, то есть 230 кг) и наложил другие тяжёлые условия сохранения мира[16]. Мирный договор поддерживался на протяжении 7 лет, в течение которых гунны воевали с варварскими племенами за пределами Римской империи.
  
  Одним из известных событий стал разгром гуннами одного из первых германских государств, Бургундского королевства на Рейне, в 437 году. По Идацию, погибло 20 тысяч бургундов[17], выжившим Западная Римская империя предоставила для поселения новые земли в Галлии на средней Роне (в области современной границы Франции и Швейцарии
  
  === Battle of Catalaurnian Plain June 20, 0451 ===
  Honoria being threatened with an unwanted marriage from her brother sent a love note and her engagement ring to the current "Bad Boy" Attila the Hun, interpreted by him as an offer of marriage. He gladly accepted and wanted one half of the the Visigoth empire in Spain and France as his dowry. He came for her, much to the astonishment of the Roman Empire and their on again off again ally the Visigoths. Attila had at his disposal the troops of the Hunnic empire, Merovechian Franks, Rugians, Scirii, Thuringians, and Heruli numbering about 100,000. The Roman general Aetius managed to convince the leader of the Visigoths, Theodoric I to join him and also had the support of some of the Alans, Armoricans, Salian Franks, Saxons and Burgundians numbering similar troops. They met in the afternoon of June 6, 451. Attila had spent the morning with soothsayers and delayed the onslaught of battle until 2:30 in the afternoon. They fought for a day and throughout the night on the Catalaurnian Plain in mid-France, the exact site of which is unknown today. When it was over Theodoric I was dead, being killed early in battle, as he was found at the bottom of the pile of dead bodies which by some estimates totaled 165,000. His son Thorismund was wounded and wished to pursue Attila but Aetius feared that if Attila was completely defeated the Visigoths would become emboldened and challenge Rome, so he persuaded him to immediately leave for home to secure his succession as King of the Visigoths. Attila managed to excape with the survivors. He never made it Spain to collect his prize, Honoria who was married off in spite of her pleas to Attila.

1. Ernakh Hernach Bel Kermek of the Huns, b. ABT 430 in Pannonia, Roman Empire     d. 454 in Battle of Nedao, Sirmium, Pannonia, Roman Empire
2. Ascama Der Hunnen, b. in Hungary     d. 476

1. Ellak 71st king of the Huns, b. ABT 430 in Hungary     d. 451 in Trabzon, Ortahisar, Trabzon, Turkey
2. Hernac 75th King of the Huns, b. ABT 428 in Hungary     d. 476 in Roumánia, Arta, Ipeiros, Greece

• m. 453 in Eastern Europe, Europe

• m. ABT 447

1. Title: Ildico (Hildico)
   
2. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: HONORIA
   Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands//ITALY,%20Kings%20to%20962.htm#_ftnref104;
   Note: a) HONORIA ([417/18]-). The "Pauli Historiæ Romanæ" names "Honoria et Valentiniano" as the children of Placidia Augusta. The order in which the children are named suggests that Honoria was the older child but this is not certain. Iordanes records that Attila unsuccessfully proposed marriage to "Honoriam Valentiniani principis germanam, filiam Placidiæ Augustæ."
   Page: Ancestry
   
3. Title: Wikiwand: Attila
   Author: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
   Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Attila;
   Note: Attila (/ˈætɪlə, əˈtɪlə/; fl. c. 406–453), frequently called Attila the Hun, was the ruler of the Huns from 434 until his death in March 453. He was also the leader of a tribal empire consisting of Huns, Ostrogoths, and Alans among others, in Central and Eastern Europe. During his reign, he was one of the most feared enemies of the Western and Eastern Roman Empires. He crossed the Danube twice and plundered the Balkans, but was unable to take Constantinople. His unsuccessful campaign in Persia was followed in 441 by an invasion of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, the success of which emboldened Attila to invade the West. He also attempted to conquer Roman Gaul (modern France), crossing the Rhine in 451 and marching as far as Aurelianum (Orléans) before being stopped in the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains. He subsequently invaded Italy, devastating the northern provinces, but was unable to take Rome. He planned for further campaigns against the Romans, but died in 453. After Attila's death, his close adviser, Ardaric of the Gepids, led a Germanic revolt against Hunnic rule, after which the Hunnic Empire quickly collapsed. Appearance and character There is no surviving first-hand account of Attila's appearance, but there is a possible second-hand source provided by Jordanes, who cites a description given by Priscus. "He was a man born into the world to shake the nations, the scourge of all lands, who in some way terrified all mankind by the dreadful rumors noised abroad concerning him. He was haughty in his walk, rolling his eyes hither and thither, so that the power of his proud spirit appeared in the movement of his body. He was indeed a lover of war, yet restrained in action, mighty in counsel, gracious to suppliants and lenient to those who were once received into his protection. Short of stature, with a broad chest and a large head; his eyes were small, his beard thin and sprinkled with grey; and he had a flat nose and swarthy skin, showing evidence of his origin." Some scholars have suggested that this description is typically East Asian, because it has all the combined features that fit the physical type of people from Eastern Asia, and Attila's ancestors may have come from there. Other historians also believed that the same descriptions were also evident on some Scythian people. Etymology Many scholars have argued that Attila derives from East Germanic origin; "Attila" is formed from the Gothic or Gepidic noun "atta," "father," by means of the diminutive suffix "-ila," meaning "little father." The Gothic etymology was proposed first by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm in the early 19th century. Maenchen-Helfen notes that this derivation of the name "offers neither phonetic nor semantic difficulties," and Gerhard Doerfer notes that the name is simply correct Gothic. The name has sometimes been interpreted as a Germanization of a name of Hunnic origin. Other scholars have argued for a Turkic origin of the name. Omeljan Pritsak considered "Ἀττίλα" (Attíla) a composite title-name that derived from Turkic "es" (great, old), and "til" (sea, ocean), and the suffix /a/. The stressed back syllabic "til" assimilated the front member "es," so it became "as." It is a nominative, in form of "attíl-" (< "etsíl" < "es tíl") with the meaning "the oceanic, universal ruler." J. J. Mikkola connected it with Turkic "āt" (name, fame). As another Turkic possibility, H. Althof (1902) considered it was related to Turkish "atli" (horseman, cavalier), or Turkish "at" (horse) and "dil" (tongue). Maenchen-Helfen argues that Pritsak's derivation is "ingenious but for many reasons unacceptable," while dismissing Mikkola's as "too far-fetched to be taken seriously." M. Snædal similarly notes that none of these proposals has achieved wide acceptance. Criticizing the proposals of finding Turkic or other etymologies for Attila, Doerfer notes that King George VI of England had a name of Greek origin, and Süleyman the Magnificent had a name of Arabic origin, yet that does not make them Greeks or Arabs: it is therefore plausible that Attila would have a name not of Hunnic origin. Historian Hyun Jin Kim, however, has argued that the Turkic etymology is "more probable." M. Snædal, in a paper that rejects the Germanic derivation but notes the problems with the existing proposed Turkic etymologies, argues that Attila's name could have originated from Turkic-Mongolian "at," "adyy/agta" (gelding, warhorse) and Turkish "atli" (horseman, cavalier), meaning "possessor of geldings, provider of warhorses." Historiography and source The historiography of Attila is faced with a major challenge, in that the only complete sources are written in Greek and Latin by the enemies of the Huns. Attila's contemporaries left many testimonials of his life, but only fragments of these remain. was a Byzantine diplomat and historian who wrote in Greek, and he was both a witness to and an actor in the story of Attila, as a member of the embassy of Theodosius II at the Hunnic court in 449. He was obviously biased by his political position, but his writing is a major source for information on the life of Attila, and he is the only person known to have recorded a physical description of him. He wrote a history of the late Roman Empire in eight books covering the period from 430 to 476. Only fragments of Priscus' work remain. It was cited extensively by 6th-century historians Procopius and Jordanes, especially in Jordanes' 'The Origin and Deeds of the Goths," which contains numerous references to Priscus's history, and it is also an important source of information about the Hunnic empire and its neighbors. He describes the legacy of Attila and the Hunnic people for a century after Attila's death. Marcellinus Comes, a chancellor of Justinian during the same era, also describes the relations between the Huns and the Eastern Roman Empire. Numerous ecclesiastical writings contain useful but scattered information, sometimes difficult to authenticate or distorted by years of hand-copying between the 6th and 17th centuries. The Hungarian writers of the 12th century wished to portray the Huns in a positive light as their glorious ancestors, and so repressed certain historical elements and added their own legends. The literature and knowledge of the Huns themselves was transmitted orally, by means of epics and chanted poems that were handed down from generation to generation. Indirectly, fragments of this oral history have reached us via the literature of the Scandinavians and Germans, neighbors of the Huns who wrote between the 9th and 13th centuries. Attila is a major character in many Medieval epics, such as the Nibelungenlied, as well as various Eddas and sagas. Archaeological investigation has uncovered some details about the lifestyle, art, and warfare of the Huns. There are a few traces of battles and sieges, but the tomb of Attila and the location of his capital have not yet been found. Early life and background Main article: Huns The Huns were a group of Eurasian nomads, appearing from east of the Volga, who migrated further into Western Europe c. 370 and built up an enormous empire there. Their main military techniques were mounted archery and javelin throwing. They were in the process of developing settlements before their arrival in Western Europe, yet the Huns were a society of pastoral warriors whose primary form of nourishment was meat and milk, products of their herds. The origin and language of the Huns has been the subject of debate for centuries. According to some theories, their leaders at least may have spoken a Turkic language, perhaps closest to the modern Chuvash language. One scholar suggests a relationship to Yeniseian. According to the "Encyclopedia of European Peoples," "the Huns, especially those who migrated to the west, may have been a combination of central Asian Turkic, Mongolic, and Ugric stocks." Attila's father Mundzuk was the brother of kings Octar and Ruga, who reigned jointly over the Hunnic empire in the early fifth century. This form of diarchy was recurrent with the Huns, but historians are unsure whether it was institutionalized, merely customary, or an occasional occurrence. His family was from a noble lineage, but it is uncertain whether they constituted a royal dynasty. Attila's birthdate is debated; journalist Éric Deschodt and writer Herman Schreiber have proposed a date of 395. However, historian Iaroslav Lebedynsky and archaeologist Katalin Escher prefer an estimate between the 390s and the first decade of the fifth century. Several historians have proposed 406 as the date. Attila grew up in a rapidly changing world. His people were nomads who only recently had arrived in Europe. They crossed the Volga river during the 370s and annexed the territory of the Alans, then attacked the Gothic kingdom between the Carpathian mountains and the Danube. They were a very mobile people, whose mounted archers had acquired a reputation for invincibility, and the Germanic tribes seemed unable to withstand them. Vast populations fleeing the Huns moved from Germania into the Roman Empire in the west and south, and along the banks of the Rhine and Danube. In 376, the Goths crossed the Danube, initially submitting to the Romans but soon rebelling against Emperor Valens, whom they killed in the Battle of Adrianople in 378. Large numbers of Vandals, Alans, Suebi, and Burgundians crossed the Rhine and invaded Roman Gaul on December 31, 406 to escape the Huns. The Roman Empire had been split in half since 395 and was ruled by two distinct governments, one based in Ravenna in the West, and the other in Constantinople in the East. The Roman Emperors, both East and West, were generally from the Theodosian family in Attila's lifetime (despite several power struggles). The Huns dominated a vast territory with nebulous borders determined by the will of a constellation of ethnically varied peoples. Some were assimilated to Hunnic nationality,...
   
4. Title: Death
   Author: Public info.
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attila;
   
5. Title: Attila history
   Publication: Name: https://www.ancient.eu/Attila_the_Hun/;
   Note: Although in the present day, his mother's name is sometimes given as Hungysung Vladdysurf, her name is actually not known, and this name is considered a recent fabrication. His father's name was Mundzuk, and his uncle, Rugila (also known as Rua and Ruga), was king of the Huns. As a young man, Attila, and his older brother Bleda (also known as Buda), were taught archery, how to ride and care for horses, and how to fight. They were also taught Latin and Gothic to enable them to do business with the Romans and Goths. Historians are divided on how much can be said with certainty regarding Attila's early years, however, and some (such as John Man) claim that nothing is known of his early life, not even his birth name, and nothing should be inferred based on his later accomplishments. Whether Rugila had sons to succeed him is not known, and Mundzuk seems to have died early in the boys' lives, so it appears that either Bleda or Attila would be Rugila's heir and succeed him as king; therefore, their education and instruction in warfare would have prepared them for the responsibilities of leadership (although some historians, such as Christopher Kelly, suggest that Attila and Bleda may have assassinated Rugila's sons on campaign to assume power and, again, Man claims no such assumptions should be made). Both boys are thought to have been present at Hun war councils and negotiations from an early age. Even before Attila became king, the Huns were a formidable fighting force, although they would become more so later under his rule. They were expert horsemen whose steeds, according to ancient reports, would actually fight for them in battle with teeth and hooves. When Rugila died on campaign against Constantinople in 433 CE, leadership passed to Attila and Bleda. Attila saw Rome as a feeble adversary and so, starting in 446 or 447 CE, he again invaded the region of Moesia (the Balkan area), destroying over 70 cities, taking survivors as slaves, and sending the loot back to his stronghold at the city of Buda (possibly Budapest in present-day Hungary, though this claim has been contested by some historians). He was considered invincible and, in Durant's words, "having bled the East to his heart's content, Attila turned to the West and found an unusual excuse for war" (40). In 450 CE, Valentinian's sister, Honoria, was seeking to escape an arranged marriage with a Roman senator and sent a message to Attila, along with her engagement ring, asking for his help. Although she may never have intended anything like marriage, Attila chose to interpret her message and ring as a betrothal and sent back his terms as one half of the Western Empire for her dowry. Valentinian, when he discovered what his sister had done, sent messengers to Attila telling him it was all a mistake, and there was no proposal, no marriage, and no dowry to be negotiated. Attila asserted that the marriage proposal was legitimate, that he had accepted and would claim his bride, and mobilized his army to march on Rome.
   
6. Title: Gudrun of Burgundian
   
7. Title: Attila the Hun: Biography, Facts, and Death
   Publication: Name: https://study.com/academy/lesson/who-was-attila-the-hun-biography-facts-death.html?src=ppc_adwords_nonbrand&rcntxt=aws&crt=646616438141&kwd=&kwid=dsa-1253079156202&agid=125582019081&mt=&device=c&network=s&_campaign=SeoPPC-desktop&gclid=CjwKCAiAxP2eBhBiEiwA5puhNZy3Fi7OuditSNXb63uzTJdkhRfFCivohnE_LRUB4Cd_4WYRJVg46BoCYfoQAvD_BwE;
   
8. Title: History of Atilla the Hun
   Publication: Name: http://www.ancient.eu/Attila_the_Hun/;
   Page: family tree
   
9. Title: Arycan of Romania, Italy
   Page: Ancestry
   
10. Title: Chrenchildis (Kriemhild) Romania
    
11. Title: Wives known
    Publication: Name: https://homework.study.com/explanation/how-many-wives-did-attila-the-hun-have.html;
    Note: The three most known wives mentioned.