Ataulfo King of the Visigoths

• Preferred Name: Ataulfo King of the Visigoths^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• Clan Name: with note: Description: House of Balthes
  
• Birth: ABT 370 in Dacia, Scythia, Roman Empire at LATI: N4.25 LONG: E8.3333
  
• Burial: 21 AUG 415 in Barcelona, Kingdom of the Visigoths, Hispañia at LATI: N1.3874 LONG: E0.1736 with note: In Hispania, Athaulf imprudently accepted into his service one of the late Sarus' followers, unaware that the man harbored a secret desire to avenge the death of his beloved patron. And so, in the palace at Barcelona, the man brought Athaulf's reign to a sudden end by killing him while he bathed.
  
• Elected+to+throne: BET 410 AND 415 in Kingdom of the Visigoths, Roman Empire at LATI: N1.9667 LONG: E2.6667 with note: Description: Unanimously elected to the throne succeeding his wife's brother, Alaric
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: King of the VisigothsBET 411 AND 415 with note: Wikiwand: Athaulf
  
• Death: SEP 415 in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain at LATI: N1.45 LONG: E0.0833 with note: death date of 14 Aug 0415 is suspect because children are born after that date
  
• FSID: 9CXC-SSN
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  In the disturbances that followed the fall of Stilicho, wives and children of foederati living in the cities of Italy were killed.[17][better source needed] Most of the foederati, regarded as loyal to Stilicho, joined the forces of Alaric I, King of the Visigoths.[17] Alaric led them to Rome and put it under siege,[17] with minor interruptions, from autumn 408 to 24 August 410. Zosimus records that Placidia was within the city during the siege. When Serena was accused of conspiring with Alaric, "the whole senate therefore, with Placidia, uterine sister to the emperor, thought it proper that she should suffer death".[14][12]
  
  Placidia was captured by Alaric before the fall of Rome, and accompanied the Visigoths from Italy to Gaul in 412. Their ruler Ataulf, having succeeded Alaric, entered an alliance with Honorius against Jovinus and Sebastianus, rival Western Roman emperors located in Gaul, and managed to defeat and execute both in 413.[18]
  
  After the heads of Sebastianus and Jovinus arrived at Honorius' court in Ravenna in late August, to be forwarded for display among other usurpers on the walls of Carthage, relations between Ataulf and Honorius improved sufficiently for Ataulf to cement them by marrying Galla Placidia at Narbonne on 1 January 414. The nuptials were celebrated with high Roman festivities and magnificent gifts. Priscus Attalus gave the wedding speech, a classical epithalamium. The marriage was recorded by Hydatius and[19] Jordanes, although the latter states that it was earlier, in 411 at Forum Livii (Forlì) (possibly a more informal event).
  
  Placidia and Ataulf had one son, Theodosius, born in Barcelona by the end of 414, but the child died early in the following year, eliminating an opportunity for a Romano-Visigothic line;[12] years later the corpse was exhumed and reburied in the imperial mausoleum in Old St. Peter's Basilica, Rome. In Hispania, Ataulf imprudently accepted into his service a man identified as "Dubius" or "Eberwolf", a former follower of Sarus. Sarus had been a Germanic chieftain killed while fighting under Jovinus and Sebastianus, and his follower harbored a secret desire to avenge the death of his patron. In August/September, 415, in the palace at Barcelona, the man brought Ataulf's reign to a sudden end by killing him while he bathed.[20]
  
  The Amali faction proceeded to proclaim Sigeric, a brother of Sarus, as the next king of the Visigoths. Sigeric killed Ataulf's six children from a former wife by taking them away from Sigesar, bishop of the Goths. Galla Placidia, Ataulf's widow, was forced to walk more than twelve miles on foot among the crowd of captives driven ahead of the mounted Sigeric. After 7 days of ruling, Sigeric was assassinated and replaced with Wallia, Ataulf's relative.[21]
  
  === Roi des Wisigoths ===
  Roi des Wisigoths
  
  === Name ===
  Alternative name on portrait is Ataulfo
  
  === He was the brother of Alaric who conquer ===
  He was the brother of Alaric who conquered Rome in 410 and, as a Christian convert, forbade his men to destroy churches. Alaric died 411 and was buried with a vast treasure in the bed of the River Busento.
  
  === http:///www.geocities.com/craigs_kahunas ===
  http:///www.geocities.com/craigs_kahunas/Rep_Niall:htm, report on Niall Mor Noighiallach 126th Monarch of Ireland states that of the last four sons (of Niall) we find no issue.
  
  === Profession : Roi des Wisigoths de 414 à ===
  Profession : Roi des Wisigoths de 414 à 415. Assassiné.
  
  === Medlands Project - Kings of the Visigoths in Toulouse ===
  Three siblings, parents not known.
  
  1. ATAULF, son of --- (-murdered Barcelona [Aug/Sep] 416). Iordanes names "Ataulfo" as "eius [Alaricus rex Vesegotharum] consanguineo" but does not specify the precise relationship[15]. He is first mentioned in 408 in relation to a military campaign in upper Pannonia[16]. He succeeded his brother-in-law in 410 as ATAULF King of the Visigoths: Olympiodorus Thebæus records that Alaric was succeeded by “Adaulphum uxoris fratrem””[17]. Procopius records that Ataulf succeeded on the death of Alaric[18]. The Chronica Regum Visigotthorum records that the Goths left Italy during the reign of “Ataulphus” and occupied “Gallias, ac postea Hispanias”, adding that Ataulf reigned for six years[19]. He led his people out of Italy and established his court at Narbonne[20]. He crossed the Pyrenees into Spain from the Visigoth base in Toulouse with a small army, charged by the enfeebled Roman State in Hispania with expelling the Vandal invaders from the south and the Suevi from the north west[21]. They occupied Barcelona in 414[22]. He was assassinated by Dubius or Eberwolf in revenge for the earlier killing of Sarus, the brother of Ataulf's successor Sigeric[23]. The Chronicon of Bishop Idatius records that “Ataulfus” was murdered at Barcelona “per quemdam Gothum…inter familiars fabulas” in 416[24]. m firstly ---. The name of Ataulf's first wife is not known. This first marriage is confirmed by Olympiodorus Thebæus who records that Ataulf “e priore conjuge” had “liberos vi”[25]. m secondly (Narbonne Jan 414) as her first husband, GALLA PLACIDIA, daughter of Emperor THEODOSIUS I & his second wife Galla ([388/early May 394][26]-27 Nov 450). Iordanes names "Placidiam" as the daughter of Emperor Theodosius & his second wife, recording in a later passage that she was captured by "Halaricus rex Vesegotharum" when he attacked Rome and later married his successor "Atauulfo"[27]. The Chronicle of Marcellinus also records that "Placidia Honorii principis sorore" was abducted by "Halaricus" and later married "Athaulfo propinquo suo"[28]. Captured by Alaric King of the Visigoths during the sack of Rome in Aug 409, she passed to Ataulf on his accession as king[29]. Olympiodorus Thebæus records that Ataulf married “Placidia” during the month of January “in Narbone, Galliæ urbe”[30]. The Chronicon of Bishop Idatius records that “Ataulfus” married “Placidiam” at Narbonne in 414[31]. Her first husband married her after failing to establish an alliance with Emperor Honorius[32]. As part of the peace negotiated by King Walia with the Romans in 416, Galla Placidia was returned to her brother Honorius in early 416[33]. The Chronicon Albeldense names “Ballia” as successor of “Sigericus”, adding that he made peace with Emperor Honorius and returned his sister Placidia to him[34]. She married secondly (1 Jan 417) Flavius Constantius, who succeeded in 421 as Emperor CONSTANTIUS III. Iordanes records that Placidia was created "Augustam" and her son Valentinian "Cæsar" to lead the opposition to Iohannes who invaded the western empire[35]. The Chronicon of Bishop Idatius records the death in 450 of “Valentiniani Imperatoris mater Placidia…apud Romam”[36]. King Ataulf & his first wife had children:
  
  a) children (-murdered Barcelona [Aug/Sep] 415). Olympiodorus Thebæus records that Ataulf “e priore conjuge” had “liberos vi” who were killed after their father died, despite being protected by “Sigesari episcopus”[37]. Wolfram notes that this phrase in the Latin translation of the Greek original has been misinterpreted to indicate that Ataulf had six children by his first wife[38].
  
  King Ataulf & his second wife had one child:
  
  b) THEODOSIUS ([414/early 415]-[415], bur near Barcelona). Olympiodorus Thebæus records that Ataulf became the father of “e Placidia filio...Theodosio” who died and was buried “juxta Barcinonem in templo”, dated to before Ataulf himself died[39].
  
  2. brother . Olympiodorus Thebæus records that Ataulf named as his successor “fratri suo”, who was displaced by “Sari frater, Singerichus”[40].
  
  3. sister . Her family origin and marriage are indicated by Olympiodorus Thebæus who records that Alaric was succeeded by “Adaulphum uxoris fratrem””[41]. m ALARIC King of the Visigoths, son of --- (-Bruttium, southern Italy end 410).
  
  === Ataulphus ou Atawulf dos visigodos
  NOME: ===
  Ataulphus ou Atawulf dos visigodos
  NOME: Athaulf ou Ataulfus
  NASCIMENTO: 355
  MORTE: 416 [30753]
  
  Pai: Athanaric II do visigodos
  
  Esposa # 1: Aelia Gala Placídia 360 - 27 Nov 450
  CASAMENTO: 414, Narbonne, Aude, Languedoc, França [40714]
  
  + Clotilde de visigodos Abt 385 - ____
  
  Ataulphus ou Atawulf dos visigodos
  NOME: Athaulf ou Ataulfus
  NASCIMENTO: 355
  MORTE: 416 [30753]
  
  Pai: Athanaric II do visigodos
  
  Esposa # 1: Aelia Gala Placídia 360 - 27 Nov 450
  CASAMENTO: 414, Narbonne, Aude, Languedoc, França [40714]
  
  + Clotilde de visigodos Abt 385 - ____
  
  === Name Prefix: King Name Suffix: Name Prefix: King Name Suffix: Of Visigoths
  
  === He was brother of Alaric who conquered R ===
  He was brother of Alaric who conquered Rome in 411 and who as a Christian convert forbade his men to destroy the churches. Dying in 411, Alaaric was buried with a vast treasure in the bed of the rive Busento/
  
  === He was the Successor of Alaric, King of ===
  He was the Successor of Alaric, King of the Visigoths. He married Aelia after she had been taken prisoner in 410 by Alaric.
  
  === --Other Fields _TAG: ===
  --Other Fields _TAG:
  
  === Succeeding his brother-in-law, Alaric I, ===
  Succeeding his brother-in-law, Alaric I, he abandoned Alaric's scheme ofsouthward expansion and led the Visigoths out of Italy into S Gaul (France) in 412. He sought the alliance of the Western emperor, Honorius,whose sister Galla Placidia he married in 414. However, the generalConstantius (later Emperor Constantius III), jealous of Ataulf, turnedHonorius against him. Constantius blockaded the Gallic ports, and Ataulf,cut off from supplies, led his people into N Spain. He was assassinatedat Barcelona. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Fifth Edition
  
  === 1 NAME Adulphus of the /Goths/ 2 SOUR ===
  1 NAME Adulphus of the /Goths/ 2 SOUR S229184 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Dec 3, 2002 !NOTE: Corrie Hale Families 11-18-02.FTW;;;;, Source Media Type: Other. !NOTE: GEDCOM File : Corrie Hale Families 12-4-02.ged !BIRTH: Corrie Hale Families 11-18-02.FTW;;;;, Source Media Type: Other. !MARRIAGE: GEDCOM File : Corrie Hale Families 12-4-02.ged
  
  === BIOGRAPHY: King of the Visigoths from 41 ===
  BIOGRAPHY: King of the Visigoths from 410-415, Athaulf was thebrother-in-law and successor of King Alaric I. He married Galla Placida,daughter of the Roman Emperor Theodosius I who divided the Empire on hisdeath in 395.
  
  === !DEATH:Merriam Webster's Biographical Di ===
  !DEATH:Merriam Webster's Biographical Dictionary, Merriam Webster's Biographical Dictionary, Merriam Webster Inc., Springfield, MA , 1995 ,
  
  === Reino dos VISIGODOS
  
  (290 - 734)
  
  Os God ===
  Reino dos VISIGODOS
  
  (290 - 734)
  
  Os Godos, povo de origem germânica, instalados na embocadura do Vistula no I século da nossa era. Eles dividiam-se em Visigodos (Godos do Oeste) e Ostrogodos (Godos de Este).
  Estes "Godos do Oeste", habitantes das regiões florestais dos Carpatos, mas pressionados pelos Hunos, eles transpuseram o Danubio e empreenderam uma marcha através da Moésia, em 376 DC, tendo como seu chefe Alaric.
  
  Reino dos VISIGODOS
  
  (290 - 734)
  
  Os Godos, povo de origem germânica, instalados na embocadura do Vistula no I século da nossa era. Eles dividiam-se em Visigodos (Godos do Oeste) e Ostrogodos (Godos de Este).
  Estes "Godos do Oeste", habitantes das regiões florestais dos Carpatos, mas pressionados pelos Hunos, eles transpuseram o Danubio e empreenderam uma marcha através da Moésia, em 376 DC, tendo como seu chefe Alaric.
  
  ===
  McClain line
  http://trees.ancestry.com/ ===
  
  McClain line
  http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=9755d680-158d-4964-bcda-941d
  b6f5b8f3&tid=3927255&pid=-1609682854
  
  === . Adulphus, King of the Goths in Spain, ===
  . Adulphus, King of the Goths in Spain, was brother of Alaric who conquered Rome in 410, and who as a Christian convert forbade his men to destroy churches. Dying in 411, Alaric was buried with a vast treasure in the bed of the River Busento. Adulphus had two daughters as follows:
  
  === Ataulphus
  
  died 415, Barcelona [Spain]
  
  ===
  Ataulphus
  
  died 415, Barcelona [Spain]
  
  also spelled Atawulf, or Ataulf chieftain of the Visigoths from 410 to 415 and the successor of his brother-in-law Alaric.
  
  In 412 Ataulphus led the Visigoths, who had recently sacked Rome (410), from Italy to settle in southern Gaul. Two years later he married the Roman princess Galla Placidia (sister of the emperor Honorius), who had been seized at Rome. Driven from Gaul, he retreated into Spain early in 415 and was in that year assassinated at Barcelona. The 5th-century historian Paulus Orosius records Ataulphus' statement that his original aim had been to overthrow the Roman Empire, but that later, recognizing the inability of his people to govern an empire, he desired to bolster Roman power by means of Gothic arms. His vision of an empire revitalized through a barbarian alliance was not realized. [Encyclopædia Britannica, online ]
  
  === #Générale# Roi des Wisigoths de 414 à 41 ===
  #Générale# Roi des Wisigoths de 414 à 415. Assassiné.
  
  === !GENERAL:GEDCOM file imported on 24 Mar ===
  !GENERAL:GEDCOM file imported on 24 Mar 2003., GEDCOM fil e imported on 24 Mar 2003.
  
  === #Générale# Roi des Wisigoths de 414 à 4 ===
  #Générale# Roi des Wisigoths de 414 à 415. Assassiné.
  
  === Succeeding his brother-in-law, Alaric I, ===
  Succeeding his brother-in-law, Alaric I, he abandoned Alaric's scheme of southward expansion and led the Visigoths out of Italy into S Gaul (France) in 412. He sought the alliance of the Western emperor, Honorius, whose sister Galla Placidia he married in 414. However, the general Constantius (later Emperor Constantius III), jealous of Ataulf, turned Honorius against him. Constantius blockaded the Gallic ports, and Ataulf, cut off from supplies, led his people into N Spain. He was assassinated at Barcelona. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Fifth Edition
  
  === Atawulf took Alaric's place as barbarian ===
  Atawulf took Alaric's place as barbarian in charge of Rome. After a yearof marriage, the Romans killed him. (Uppity Women of Ancient Times, byVicki Leon, 1995)
  
  === Adulphus, King of the Goths in Spain, w ===
  Adulphus, King of the Goths in Spain, was brother of Alaric who conquered Rome in 410, and who as a Christian convert forbade his men to destroy churches. Dying in 411, Alaric was buried with a vast treasure in the bed of the River Busento.
  
  === Murió asesinado ===
  Murió asesinado

• m. 1 de enero de 0414 in Narbonne, Aude, Occitanie, Francia

1. Clothilde de Wisigothie, b. 404 in Europe     d. 470

1. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Ataúlfo - Published information: birth-name: Ataúlfo
   Note: Published information: birth-name: Ataúlfo Published information: male Published information: birth:
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:3247575676
   
2. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Rey Ataulfo de los Visigodos -
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:3247391636
   
3. Title: World History Encyclopedia- Roman Dacia
   Publication: Name: https://www.worldhistory.org/dacia/;
   Note: This was done, in part, to give the illusion that Roman imperial power persevered in the region, even though signs of sociopolitical stress were very apparent. Later, Dacia Aureliana was divided further into two separate provinces: Dacia Mediterranea with its capital at Serdica, and Dacia Ripensis, with its capital at Ratiaria. After 275 CE, Dacia north of the Danube was overrun by various hoards of Goths, Huns, and Avars during the barbarian invasions of the so-called 'Migration Age'. However, Dacia was briefly 'reconquered' by Rome during the reign of Constantine the Great. Interestingly, post-Roman Dacian material culture continued to reveal a strong sense of 'Romanness'. For example, a 5th century CE Dacian burial contained a Roman type brooch which would have belonged to a well-placed member of society. And at Napoca, cross-dating using pottery remains infers a post-Roman date for the construction of a Roman styled porticus. Similarly, at Porolissum, red-slipped ware (terra sigillata Porolissensis) has been found in a post-Roman (re)construction phase of the forum. If the ceramic dates are substantiated, it may be argued that the Dacians continued utilizing spatial foci and certain architectural designs that were characteristic of Rome. Regardless, collectively the material evidence underscores the centralization of Roman life within post-Roman Dacia. Regarding post-Roman period Dacian religious identity, at Porolissum, a Constantinian styled Chi-Rho (symbolizing Jesus Chris) was found inscribed on a vessel. This, in addition to a bronze dove — the symbol of the Holy Spirit — were randomly excavated from unknown contexts (See Gospel of Luke 3:22; Gospel of John 1:32). Interestingly, a cruciform was also found in the forum of Porolissum. The presence of Christian artifacts from post-Roman contexts suggests a parallel Christianization of the province corresponding to contemporary events taking place within the greater Roman world.
   
4. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy -Kings of the Visigoths in Toulouse - Athaulf
   Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/TOULOUSE.htm;
   Note: 1. ATAULF, son of --- (-murdered Barcelona [Aug/Sep] 416). Iordanes names "Ataulfo" as "eius [Alaricus rex Vesegotharum] consanguineo" but does not specify the precise relationship[15]. He is first mentioned in 408 in relation to a military campaign in upper Pannonia[16]. He succeeded his brother-in-law in 410 as ATAULF King of the Visigoths: Olympiodorus Thebæus records that Alaric was succeeded by “Adaulphum uxoris fratrem””[17]. Procopius records that Ataulf succeeded on the death of Alaric[18]. The Chronica Regum Visigotthorum records that the Goths left Italy during the reign of “Ataulphus” and occupied “Gallias, ac postea Hispanias”, adding that Ataulf reigned for six years[19]. He led his people out of Italy and established his court at Narbonne[20]. He crossed the Pyrenees into Spain from the Visigoth base in Toulouse with a small army, charged by the enfeebled Roman State in Hispania with expelling the Vandal invaders from the south and the Suevi from the north west[21]. They occupied Barcelona in 414[22]. He was assassinated by Dubius or Eberwolf in revenge for the earlier killing of Sarus, the brother of Ataulf's successor Sigeric[23]. The Chronicon of Bishop Idatius records that “Ataulfus” was murdered at Barcelona “per quemdam Gothum…inter familiars fabulas” in 416[24]. m firstly ---. The name of Ataulf's first wife is not known. This first marriage is confirmed by Olympiodorus Thebæus who records that Ataulf “e priore conjuge” had “liberos vi”[25]. m secondly (Narbonne Jan 414) as her first husband, GALLA PLACIDIA, daughter of Emperor THEODOSIUS I & his second wife Galla ([388/early May 394][26]-27 Nov 450). Iordanes names "Placidiam" as the daughter of Emperor Theodosius & his second wife, recording in a later passage that she was captured by "Halaricus rex Vesegotharum" when he attacked Rome and later married his successor "Atauulfo"[27]. The Chronicle of Marcellinus also records that "Placidia Honorii principis sorore" was abducted by "Halaricus" and later married "Athaulfo propinquo suo"[28]. Captured by Alaric King of the Visigoths during the sack of Rome in Aug 409, she passed to Ataulf on his accession as king[29]. Olympiodorus Thebæus records that Ataulf married “Placidia” during the month of January “in Narbone, Galliæ urbe”[30]. The Chronicon of Bishop Idatius records that “Ataulfus” married “Placidiam” at Narbonne in 414[31]. Her first husband married her after failing to establish an alliance with Emperor Honorius[32]. As part of the peace negotiated by King Walia with the Romans in 416, Galla Placidia was returned to her brother Honorius in early 416[33]. The Chronicon Albeldense names “Ballia” as successor of “Sigericus”, adding that he made peace with Emperor Honorius and returned his sister Placidia to him[34]. She married secondly (1 Jan 417) Flavius Constantius, who succeeded in 421 as Emperor CONSTANTIUS III. Iordanes records that Placidia was created "Augustam" and her son Valentinian "Cæsar" to lead the opposition to Iohannes who invaded the western empire[35]. The Chronicon of Bishop Idatius records the death in 450 of “Valentiniani Imperatoris mater Placidia…apud Romam”[36]. King Ataulf & his first wife, the Sarmartian, had children: a) children (-murdered Barcelona [Aug/Sep] 415). Olympiodorus Thebæus records that Ataulf “e priore conjuge” had “liberos vi” (Translation: by a former spouse had children by force) who were killed after their father died, despite being protected by “Sigesari episcopus”[37]. Wolfram notes that this phrase in the Latin translation of the Greek original has been misinterpreted to indicate that Ataulf had six children by his first wife[38]. King Ataulf & his second wife, Galla Placidia, had one child: b) THEODOSIUS ([414/early 415]-[415], bur near Barcelona). Olympiodorus Thebæus records that Ataulf became the father of “e Placidia filio...Theodosio” who died and was buried “juxta Barcinonem in templo”, dated to before Ataulf himself died[39]. 2. brother . Olympiodorus Thebæus records that Ataulf named as his successor “fratri suo”, who was displaced by “Sari frater, Singerichus”[40]. 3. sister . Her family origin and marriage are indicated by Olympiodorus Thebæus who records that Alaric was succeeded by “Adaulphum uxoris fratrem””[41]. m ALARIC King of the Visigoths, son of --- (-Bruttium, southern Italy end 410).
   
5. Title: Wikipedia - Roman Dacia
   Author: Oltean, Ioana Adina (2007). Dacia: landscape, colonisation and romanization. Routledge monographs in classical studies. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-41252-0. Oltean, Ioana Adina (2009). Hanson, W. S. (ed.). "Dacian ethnic identity and the Roman Army". Journal of Roman Archaeology. Portsmouth, Rhode Island. 74 (The army and frontiers of Rome). ISBN 978-1-887829-74-8. ISSN 1047-7594. Opper, Thorsten (2008). Hadrian: empire and conflict. London and New York: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-03095-4. Opreanu, Coriolan Horațiu (2006). "The North Danube Regions from the Roman Province of Dacia to the Emergence of the Romanian Language (2nd–8th Centuries A. D.)". In Pop, Ioan Aurel;
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Dacia;
   Note: This was the final attempt by the Romans to maintain a presence in the former province. Soon after, the westward push by the Huns put increased pressure on the Tervingi, who were forced to abandon the old Dacian province and seek refuge within the Roman Empire.[263] Mismanagement of this request resulted in the death of Valens and the bulk of the eastern Roman army at the Battle of Adrianople in 378 AD.[264] One theory states that the process which formed the Romanian people began with the Romanization of Dacia and the existence of a Daco-Roman populace which did not completely abandon the province after the Roman withdrawal in 275 AD.[268] Archaeological evidence obtained from burial sites and settlements supports the contention that a portion of the native population continued to inhabit what was Roman Dacia.[269] Pottery remains dated to the years after 271 AD in Potaissa,[159] and Roman coinage of Marcus Claudius Tacitus and Crispus (son of Constantine I) uncovered in Napoca demonstrate the continued survival of these towns.[270] In Porolissum, Roman coinage began to circulate again under Valentinian I (364–375); meanwhile, local Daco-Romans continued to inhabit Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa, fortifying the amphitheatre against barbarian raids.[225] According to this theory, the Romanian people continued to develop under the influence of the Roman Empire until the beginning of the 6th century, and as long as the empire held territory on the southern bank of the Danube and in Dobruja, it influenced the region to the river's north.[268] According to those who posit the continued existence of a Romanized Dacian population after the Roman withdrawal, Aurelian's decision to abandon the province was solely a military decision with respect to moving the legions and auxiliary units to protect the Danubian frontier.[279] The civilian population of Roman Dacia did not treat this as a prelude to a coming disaster; there was no mass emigration from the province, no evidence of a sudden withdrawal of the civilian population, and no widespread damage to property in the aftermath of the military withdrawal.[279]
   
6. Title: Chronicle of the Kaak Family
   Publication: Name: https://books.google.it/books?id=RQ_NDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA451&dq=Hrothildis+Von+Westgothen&hl=es&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi22JLSiKbkAhUI6KQKHaBTDZgQ6AEIKzAA#v=onepage&q=Hrothildi&f=false;
   
7. Title: Athaulf
   Publication: Name: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athaulf;
   
8. Title: Geni: Ataulf, king of the Visigoths
   Author: I am not seeing the first paragraph attributed to FMG anywhere in the records. Ataulf is listed under Toulouse, but not with this description in FMG???
   Publication: Name: https://www.geni.com/people/Ataulf-king-of-the-Visigoths/6000000006206244465;
   Note: Ataulf MP Dutch: Athaulf, Spanish: Ataúlfo, German: Athaulf, Italian: Ataulfo, Portuguese: Ataúlfo, Latin: Ataulfus Gender: Male Birth: circa 355 Dacia (Present Romania) Death: September 415 (56-64) Barcino (Present Barcelona), Tarraconensis (Present Catalonia), Hispaniae (Present Spain) (Assassinated by a follower of his deceased rival Sarus "of daring spirit, but diminutive stature, whose secret desire of revenging the death of his beloved patron was continually irritated by the sarcasms of his insolent master") Immediate Family: Son of Athanaric II, king of the Visigoths and Unknown wife of Athanaric Husband of N.N. and Aelia Galla Placidia Augusta Father of Eurica of the Visigoths; Theodora of the Visigoths; Alaric II and Theodosius Brother of Alaric the Goth, King of the Visigoths Added by: Therese Marie Catherine Bilodeau (Sanders) on June 2, 2007 Managed by: Flemming Allan Funch and 111 others Curated by: Ben M. Angel, still catching up
   
9. Title: Wikiwand: Athaulf
   Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Athaulf;
   Note: Athaulf (also Athavulf, Atawulf, or Ataulf, Latinized as Ataulphus) (c. 370 – 15 August 415) was king of the Visigoths from 411 to 415. During his reign, he transformed the Visigothic state from a tribal kingdom to a major political power of Late Antiquity. Life He was unanimously elected to the throne to succeed his brother-in-law Alaric, who had been struck down by a fever suddenly in Calabria. King Athaulf's first act was to halt Alaric's southward expansion of the Goths in Italy. Meanwhile, Gaul had been separated from the Western Roman Empire by the usurper Constantine III. So in 411 Constantius, the magister militum (master of military) of the western emperor, Flavius Augustus Honorius, with Gothic auxiliaries under Ulfilas, crushed the Gallic rebellion with a siege of Arles. There Constantine and his son were offered an honorable capitulation— but were beheaded in September on their way to pay homage to Honorius at Ravenna. In the spring of 412 Constantius pressed Athaulf. Taking the advice of Priscus Attalus—the former emperor whom Alaric had set up at Rome in opposition to Honorius at Ravenna, and who had remained with the Visigoths after he'd been deposed—Athaulf led his followers out of Italy. Moving north into a momentarily pacified Gaul, the Visigoths lived off the countryside in the usual way. Athaulf may have received some additional encouragement in the form of payments in gold from the Emperor Honorius—since Athaulf carried with him as a respected hostage the emperor's half-sister Galla Placidia, who had long been his captive. Once in Gaul, Athaulf opened negotiations with a new usurper, the Gallic Jovinus. But while on his way to meet Jovinus, Athaulf came across Sarus and some of his men. Athaulf attacked, captured, and later executed Sarus, continuing the feud between their families that had begun with Sarus and Alaric. Jovinus then named his brother Sebastianus (Sebastian) as Augustus (co-emperor). This offended Athaulf, who hadn't been consulted. So he allied his Visigoths with Honorius. Jovinus' troops were defeated in battle, Sebastianus was captured, and Jovinus fled for his life. Athaulf then turned Sebastianus over for execution to Honorius' Gallic praetorian prefect (provincial governor), Claudius Postumus Dardanus. After this, Athaulf besieged and captured Jovinus at Valentia (Valence) in 413, sending him to Narbo (Narbonne), where he was executed by Dardanus. After the heads of Sebastianus and Jovinus arrived at Honorius' court in Ravenna in late August, to be forwarded for display among other usurpers on the walls of Carthage, relations between Athaulf and Honorius improved sufficiently for Athaulf to cement them by marrying Galla Placidia at Narbo in January 414, but Jordanes says he married her in Italy, at Forlì (Forum Livii). The nuptials were celebrated with high Roman festivities and magnificent gifts from the Gothic booty. Priscus Attalus gave the wedding speech, a classical epithalamium. Under Athaulf's rule, the Visigoths couldn't be said to be masters of a settled kingdom until Athaulf took possession of Narbonne and Toulouse in 413. Although Athaulf remained an Arian Christian, his relationship with Roman culture was summed up, from a Catholic Roman perspective, by the words that the contemporary Christian apologist Orosius put into his mouth, Athaulf's Declaration: At first I wanted to erase the Roman name and convert all Roman territory into a Gothic empire: I longed for Romania to become Gothia, and Athaulf to be what Caesar Augustus had been. But long experience has taught me that the ungoverned wildness of the Goths will never submit to laws, and that without law a state is not a state. Therefore I have more prudently chosen the different glory of reviving the Roman name with Gothic vigour, and I hope to be acknowledged by posterity as the initiator of a Roman restoration, since it is impossible for me to alter the character of this Empire. Honorius's general Constantius (who would later become Emperor Constantius III), poisoned official relations with Athaulf and gained permission to blockade the Mediterranean ports of Gaul. In reply, Athaulf acclaimed Priscus Attalus as Augustus in Bordeaux in 414. But Constantius' naval blockade was successful and, in 415, Athaulf withdrew with his people into northern Hispania. Attalus fled, fell into the hands of Constantius, and was banished to the island of Lipari. Galla Placidia traveled with Athaulf. Their son, Theodosius, died in infancy and was buried in Hispania in a silver-plated coffin, thus eliminating an opportunity for a Romano-Visigothic line. Death and aftermath In Hispania, Athaulf imprudently accepted into his service one of the late Sarus' followers, unaware that the man harbored a secret desire to avenge the death of his beloved patron. And so, in the palace at Barcelona, the man brought Athaulf's reign to a sudden end by killing him while he bathed. Sigeric, the brother of Sarus, immediately became king—for a mere seven days, when he was also murdered and succeeded by Wallia. Under the latter's reign, Galla Placidia was returned to Ravenna where, in 417, at the urging of Honorius, she remarried, her new husband being the implacable enemy of the Goths, Constantius. The main sources for the career of Athaulf are Paulus Orosius, the chronicles of the Gallaecian bishop Hydatius, and those of Augustine's disciple, Prosper of Aquitaine. Declaration The authenticity of Athaulf's declaration at Narbonne, as Orosius reported it in a rhetorical history that was explicitly written "against pagans" (it was completed in 417/18) has been doubted. Antonio Marchetta concludes that the words are indeed Athaulf's and distinguishes them from their interpretation by Orosius, who was preparing his readers for a conclusion that Christian times were felicitous and who attributed Athaulf's apparent change of heart to the power of his love for Galla Placidia, the instrument of divine intervention in God's plan for an eternal Roman Empire. Marchetta finds the marriage instead an act of hard-headed politics.
   
10. Title: Royal Gallery -Biographies of the Kings of Spain, Madrid Literary Society
    Publication: Name: https://books.google.es/books?id=3IpJAAAAMAAJ&hl=es&pg=PA44#v=onepage&q&f=false;
    
11. Title: Web: Netherlands, GenealogieOnline Trees Index, 1000-Current
    Publication: Name: http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?dbid=9289&h=11541865&indiv=try;
    
12. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Anthaulf I Chieftain The Visigoths - birth-name: Anthaulf I Chieftain The Visigoths
    Author: Ancestry Family Trees, Name: Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com. Original data: Family Tree files submitted by Ancestry members.;, Ancestry.com, http://www.Ancestry.com, null, Page number: Ancestry Family Trees
    Note: birth-name: Anthaulf I Chieftain The Visigoths This information comes from 1 or more individual Ancestry Family Tree files. This source citation points you to a current version of those files. Note: The owners of these tree files may have removed or changed information since this source citation was created. birth-name: Anthaulf I Chieftain The Visigoths This information comes from 1 or more individual Ancestry Family Tree files. This source citation points you to a current version of those files. Note: The owners of these tree files may have removed or changed information since this source citation was created.
    Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:3243992500
    
13. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Rey Ataulfo de los Visigodos -
    Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:3247391635
    
14. Title: Wikipedia-Athaulf
    Author: Patrick J. Geary, ed., Readings in Medieval History (Ontario: Broadview Press Ltd., 2003), 97. ^ Henry Bradley, The Goths: from the Earliest Times to the End of the Gothic Dominion in Spain (New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, Second edition, 1883), chapter 11. ^ "within that period he developed from a tribal chief to a late antique statesman."Herwig Wolfram, History of the Goths (1979, tr. 1988) p. 164. ^ Heather, Peter (1991). Goths and Romans: 332-489. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 198.
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athaulf;
    Note: Athaulf (also Athavulf,[1] Atawulf,[2] or Ataulf and Adolf, Latinized as Ataulphus) (c. 370 – 15 August 415) was king of the Visigoths from 411 to 415. During his reign, he transformed the Visigothic state from a tribal kingdom to a major political power of Late Antiquity.[3] Life He was unanimously elected to the throne to succeed his brother-in-law Alaric, who had been struck down by a fever suddenly in Calabria. King Athaulf's first act was to halt Alaric's southward expansion of the Goths in Italy. Meanwhile, Gaul had been separated from the Western Roman Empire by the usurper Constantine III. So in 411 Constantius, the magister militum (master of military) of the western emperor, Flavius Augustus Honorius, with Gothic auxiliaries under Ulfilas, crushed the Gallic rebellion with a siege of Arles. There Constantine and his son were offered an honorable capitulation— but were beheaded in September on their way to pay homage to Honorius at Ravenna. In the spring of 412 Constantius pressed Athaulf. Taking the advice of Priscus Attalus—the former emperor whom Alaric had set up at Rome in opposition to Honorius at Ravenna, and who had remained with the Visigoths after he'd been deposed—Athaulf led his followers out of Italy. Moving north into a momentarily pacified Gaul, the Visigoths lived off the countryside in the usual way. Athaulf may have received some additional encouragement in the form of payments in gold from the Emperor Honorius—since Athaulf carried with him as a respected hostage the emperor's half-sister Galla Placidia, who had long been his captive. Once in Gaul, Athaulf opened negotiations with a new usurper, the Gallic Jovinus. But while on his way to meet Jovinus, Athaulf came across Sarus and some of his men. Athaulf attacked, captured, and later executed Sarus, continuing the feud between their families that had begun with Sarus and Alaric.[4] Jovinus then named his brother Sebastianus (Sebastian) as Augustus (co-emperor). This offended Athaulf, who hadn't been consulted. So he allied his Visigoths with Honorius. Jovinus' troops were defeated in battle, Sebastianus was captured, and Jovinus fled for his life. Athaulf then turned Sebastianus over for execution to Honorius' Gallic praetorian prefect (provincial governor), Claudius Postumus Dardanus. After this, Athaulf besieged and captured Jovinus at Valentia (Valence) in 413, sending him to Narbo (Narbonne), where he was executed by Dardanus. After the heads of Sebastianus and Jovinus arrived at Honorius' court in Ravenna in late August, to be forwarded for display among other usurpers on the walls of Carthage, relations between Athaulf and Honorius improved sufficiently for Athaulf to cement them by marrying Galla Placidia at Narbo in January 414, but Jordanes says he married her in Italy, at Forlì (Forum Livii).[5] The nuptials were celebrated with high Roman festivities and magnificent gifts from the Gothic booty. Priscus Attalus gave the wedding speech, a classical epithalamium. Under Athaulf's rule, the Visigoths couldn't be said to be masters of a settled kingdom until Athaulf took possession of Narbonne and Toulouse in 413. Although Athaulf remained an Arian Christian, his relationship with Roman culture was summed up, from a Catholic Roman perspective, by the words that the contemporary Christian apologist Orosius put into his mouth, Athaulf's Declaration: At first I wanted to erase the Roman name and convert all Roman territory into a Gothic empire: I longed for Romania to become Gothia, and Athaulf to be what Caesar Augustus had been. But long experience has taught me that the ungoverned wildness of the Goths will never submit to laws, and that without law a state is not a state. Therefore I have more prudently chosen the different glory of reviving the Roman name with Gothic vigour, and I hope to be acknowledged by posterity as the initiator of a Roman restoration, since it is impossible for me to alter the character of this Empire.[6] Honorius's general Constantius (who would later become Emperor Constantius III), poisoned official relations with Athaulf and gained permission to blockade the Mediterranean ports of Gaul. In reply, Athaulf acclaimed Priscus Attalus as Augustus in Bordeaux in 414. But Constantius' naval blockade was successful and, in 415, Athaulf withdrew with his people into northern Hispania. Attalus fled, fell into the hands of Constantius, and was banished to the island of Lipari. Galla Placidia traveled with Athaulf. Their son, Theodosius, died in infancy and was buried in Hispania in a silver-plated coffin,[7] thus eliminating an opportunity for a Romano-Visigothic line. Death and aftermath In Hispania, Athaulf imprudently accepted into his service one of the late Sarus' followers, unaware that the man harbored a secret desire to avenge the death of his beloved patron. And so, in the palace at Barcelona, the man brought Athaulf's reign to a sudden end by killing him while he bathed. Sigeric, the brother of Sarus, immediately became king—for a mere seven days, when he was also murdered and succeeded by Wallia. Under the latter's reign, Galla Placidia was returned to Ravenna where, in 417, at the urging of Honorius, she remarried, her new husband being the implacable enemy of the Goths, Constantius. The main sources for the career of Athaulf are Paulus Orosius, the chronicles of the Gallaecian bishop Hydatius, and those of Augustine's disciple, Prosper of Aquitaine. Declaration The authenticity of Athaulf's declaration at Narbonne, as Orosius reported it in a rhetorical history that was explicitly written "against pagans" (it was completed in 417/18) has been doubted. Antonio Marchetta[8] concludes that the words are indeed Athaulf's and distinguishes them from their interpretation by Orosius, who was preparing his readers for a conclusion that Christian times were felicitous and who attributed Athaulf's apparent change of heart to the power of his love for Galla Placidia, the instrument of divine intervention in God's plan for an eternal Roman Empire. Marchetta finds the marriage instead an act of hard-headed politics.