Antideos Mandubratius ap Llud of Britons of Iceniens

• Preferred Name: Antideos Mandubratius ap Llud of Britons of Iceniens^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]}
  
• Alternate Name: ANTIDEOS MANDUBRATIUS APLUD BRITAIN
  
• Alternate Name: Mandubratius ap LUD of BRITAIN
  
• Gender: M
  
• Clan Name: with note: Description: House of Iceni - Brythonic Tribe
  
• He+came+to+power,+succeeding+the+Icenian+ruler+Can.: 25 with note: Wikiwand: Antedios
  
• Death: 35 in Londinium, England at LATI: N1.51 LONG: E0.12
  
• Evidence+indicates+that+he+remained+neutral+during+the+Roman+invasion+of+Britain,+: 43 with note: Description: and was later made a client of Rome. Wikiwand: Antedios
  
• Birth: 0019 v. Chr. in Trinovantum, England at LATI: N2.4379 LONG: E1.6496 with note: bisherige daten
  
• FSID: LJ5B-MP3
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Wikipedia
  
  Antedios or Anted was an ancient king of the Iceni, a Brythonic tribe who inhabited the present day county of Norfolk in Britain from approximately the 1st century BCE until the 1st century CE.
  
  Antedios came to power in 25 CE, succeeding the Icenian ruler Can. Evidence indicates that Antedios remained neutral during the Roman invasion of Britain in 43 CE, and was later made a client of Rome. Antedios issued coins bearing his own name - Anted - but later retracted the issuance, probably under pressure from other Icenian nobles. He then issued coins bearing the inscription "ECEN" referring to the name of the tribe.
  
  It is most probable that Antedios died before the end of the Icenian War of 47 CE, because after the war, power was passed to the pro-Roman leader Prasutagus, and Antedios was never heard of again.
  
  ****************
  
  Antedios ou Anted [1] foi um antigo rei dos Iceni , uma tribo britônica que habitou o atual condado de Norfolk na Grã - Bretanha, aproximadamente do século I aC até o século I dC.
  
  Antedios chegou ao poder em 25 dC, sucedendo o governante Iceniano Can. Evidências indicam que Antedios permaneceu neutro durante a invasão romana da Grã-Bretanha em 43 EC, e mais tarde foi feito um cliente de Roma. Antedios emitiu moedas com seu próprio nome - Anted - mas depois retirou a emissão, provavelmente sob pressão de outros nobres icenianos. Em seguida, ele emitiu moedas com a inscrição "ECEN", referindo-se ao nome da tribo.
  
  É muito provável que Antedios tenha morrido antes do final da Guerra Iceniana de 47 EC, porque depois da guerra, o poder foi passado para o líder pró-romano Prasutagus , e Antedios nunca mais foi ouvido.

1. Prasutagus of Iceni, b. 31 OCT 10 in England     d. 17 JUL 61 in England

1. Title: Wikiwand: Celtic Britons
   Author: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
   Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Celtic_Britons;
   Note: The Britons, also known as Celtic Britons or Ancient Britons, were Celtic people who inhabited Great Britain from at least the British Iron Age into the Middle Ages, at which point their culture and language diverged into the modern Welsh, Cornish and Bretons (among others). They spoke the Common Brittonic language, the ancestor to the modern Brittonic languages. The traditional view that the Celtic Britons originally migrated from the continent, mostly across the English Channel, with their languages, culture and genes in the Iron Age has been considerably undermined in recent decades by the contention of many scholars that Celtic languages had instead spread north along the Atlantic seaboard during the Bronze Age, and the results of genetic studies, which show a large continuity between Iron Age and older British populations, suggesting trans-cultural diffusion was also very important in the introduction of the Celtic languages. The earliest evidence for the Britons and their language in historical sources dates to the Iron Age. After the Roman conquest of Britain in the 1st century, a Romano-British culture emerged, and Latin and British Vulgar Latin coexisted with Brittonic. During and after the Roman era, the Britons lived throughout Britain. Their relationship with the Picts, who lived north of the Firth of Forth, has been the subject of much discussion, though most scholars now accept that the Pictish language was related to Common Brittonic, rather than a separate Celtic language. With the beginning of Anglo-Saxon settlement and Gaelic Scots in the 5th and 6th centuries, the culture and language of the Britons fragmented, and much of their territory was gradually taken over by the Anglo-Saxons and Scots Gaels. The extent to which this cultural and linguistic change was accompanied by wholesale changes in the population is still a matter of discussion. During this period some Britons migrated to mainland Europe and established significant colonies in Brittany (now part of France), the Channel Islands as well as Britonia in modern Galicia, Spain. By the beginning of the 11th century, remaining Brittonic Celtic-speaking populations had split into distinct groups: the Welsh in Wales, the Cornish in Cornwall, the Bretons in Brittany, the Cumbric speaking people of the "Hen Ogledd" ("Old North") in southern Scotland and northern England, and the remnants of the Pictish people in the north of Scotland. Common Brittonic developed into the distinct Brittonic languages: Welsh, Cumbric, Cornish and Breton. Name Main article: Britain (placename) Further information: Brittia The earliest known reference to the inhabitants of Britain seems to come from 4th-century BC records of the voyage of Pytheas, a Greek geographer who made a voyage of exploration around the British Isles between 330 and 320 BC. Although none of his own writings remain, writers during the time of the Roman Empire made much reference to them. Pytheas called the islands collectively αἱ Βρεττανίαι ("hai Brettaniai"), which has been translated as the "Brittanic Isles"; he also used the term "Pretannike." The peoples of these islands were called the Πρεττανοί ("Prettanoi"), "Priteni," "Pritani" or "Pretani." The group included Ireland, which was referred to as "Ierne" ("Insula sacra" "sacred island" as the Greeks interpreted it) "inhabited by the race of 'Hiberni'" ("gens hibernorum"), and Britain as "insula Albionum," "island of the Albions." The term "Pritani" may have reached Pytheas from the Gauls, who possibly used it as their term for the inhabitants of the islands. The "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle," which originally was compiled by the orders of King Alfred the Great in approximately 890, and subsequently maintained and added to by generations of anonymous scribes until the middle of the 12th century, starts with this sentence: "The island Britain is 800 miles long, and 200 miles broad, and there are in the island five nations: English, Welsh (or British, including the Cornish), Scottish, Pictish, and Latin. The first inhabitants were the Britons, who came from Armenia, and first peopled Britain southward." ("Armenia" is possibly a mistaken transcription of Armorica, an area in northwestern Gaul including modern Brittany.)[10] The Latin name in the early Roman Empire period was "Britanni" or "Brittanni," following the Roman conquest in AD 43. The Welsh word "Brython" was introduced into English usage by John Rhys in 1884 as a term unambiguously referring to the P-Celtic speakers of Great Britain, to complement "'Goidel"; hence the adjective "Brythonic" referring to the group of languages, "Brittonic languages" is a more recent coinage (first attested 1923 according to the "Oxford English Dictionary") intended to refer to the ancient Britons specifically. In English, the terms "Briton" and "British" for many centuries originally denoted only the ancient Celtic Britons and their descendants, most particularly the Welsh, Cornish and Bretons, who were seen as heirs to the ancient British people. After the Acts of Union 1707, the terms British and Briton gradually came to be applied to all inhabitants of the Kingdom of Great Britain, including the English, Scottish and some Northern Irish. Language Main articles: Common Brittonic and Brittonic languages The Britons spoke an Insular Celtic language known as Common Brittonic. Brittonic was spoken throughout the island of Britain (in modern terms, England, Wales and Scotland), as well as offshore islands such as the Isle of Man, Scilly Isles, Orkney, Hebrides, Isle of Wight and Shetland. According to early medieval historical tradition, such as The Dream of Macsen Wledig, the post-Roman Celtic-speakers of Armorica were colonists from Britain, resulting in the Breton language, a language related to Welsh and identical to Cornish in the early period and still used today. Thus the area today is called Brittany (Br. "Breizh," Fr. "Bretagne,"derived from "Britannia"). Common Brittonic developed from the Insular branch of the Proto-Celtic language that developed in the British Isles after arriving from the continent in the 7th century BC. The language eventually began to diverge; some linguists have grouped subsequent developments as Western and Southwestern Brittonic languages. Western Brittonic developed into Welsh in Wales and the Cumbric language in the Hen Ogledd or "Old North" of Britain (modern northern England and southern Scotland), while the Southwestern dialect became Cornish in Cornwall and South West England and Breton in Armorica. Pictish is now generally accepted to descend from Common Brittonic, rather than being a separate Celtic language. Welsh and Breton survive today; Cumbric and Pictish became extinct in the 12th century. Cornish had become extinct by the 19th century but has been the subject of language revitalization since the 20th century. Archaeology and art Main article: Celtic art Ideas about the development of British Iron Age culture changed greatly in the 20th century, and remain in development. Generally cultural exchange has tended to replace migration from the continent as the explanation for changes, although Aylesford-Swarling Pottery and the Arras culture of Yorkshire are examples of developments still thought to be linked to migration. Although the La Tène style, which defines what is called Celtic art in the Iron Age, was late in arriving in Britain, after 300 BC the ancient British seem to have had generally similar cultural practices to the Celtic cultures nearest to them on the continent. There are significant differences in artistic styles, and the greatest period of what is known as the "Insular La Tène" style, surviving mostly in metalwork, was in the century or so before the Roman conquest, and perhaps the decades after it. By this time Celtic styles seem to have been in decline in continental Europe, even before Roman invasions. An undercurrent of British influence is found in some artefacts from the Roman period, such as the Staffordshire Moorlands Pan, and it appears that it was from this, passing to Ireland in the late Roman and post-Roman period, that the "Celtic" element in Early Medieval Insular art derived. Territory Main articles: British Iron Age, Roman Britain, and Sub-Roman Britain Throughout their existence, the territory inhabited by the Britons was composed of numerous ever-changing areas controlled by Brittonic tribes. The extent of their territory before and during the Roman period is unclear, but is generally believed to include the whole of the island of Great Britain, at least as far north as the Clyde-Forth isthmus, and if the Picts are included as Brittonic speaking people (as they more usually are), the entirety of Great Britain and its offshore island groups. The territory north of the Firth of Forth was largely inhabited by the Picts; little direct evidence has been left of the Pictish language, but place names and Pictish personal names recorded in the later Irish annals suggest it was indeed related to the Common Brittonic language rather than to the Goidelic (Gaelic) languages of the Irish, Scots and Manx; indeed their Goidelic Irish name, "Cruithne," is cognate with Brythonic "Priteni." After the invasion of north western Britain by Gaelic speaking Celts from Ireland from the 6th century AD onwards,part of the Pictish territory was eventually absorbed into the Gaelic kingdoms of Dál Riata and Alba, which became Scotland. The Isle of Man, Shetland, Hebrides and the Orkney islands were originally inhabited by Britons also, but eventually became respectively Manx and Scots Gaelic speaking territories, while the Scilly isles and Anglesey (Ynys Mon) remained Brittonic and the originally Brittonic Isle of Wight was taken by Anglo-Saxons. In 43 AD, the Roman Empire invaded Britain. The British tribes opposed the Roman legions for many decades, but by 84 AD the Romans had decisively conquered southern Britain and had pushed in..
   
2. Title: The Iceni
   Publication: Name: https://www.britainexpress.com/History/roman/iceni.htm;
   
3. Title: Wikipedia - Celtic Britons
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtic_Britons;
   Note: The earliest known reference to the inhabitants of Britain seems to come from 4th-century BC records of the voyage of Pytheas, a Greek geographer who made a voyage of exploration around the British Isles between 330 and 320 BC. Although none of his own writings remain, writers during the time of the Roman Empire made much reference to them. Pytheas called the islands collectively αἱ Βρεττανίαι (hai Brettaniai), which has been translated as the Brittanic Isles; he also used the term Pretannike. The peoples of these islands were called the Πρεττανοί (Prettanoi), Priteni, Pritani or Pretani. The group included Ireland, which was referred to as Ierne (Insula sacra, "sacred island," as the Greeks interpreted it), "inhabited by the race of Hiberni" (gens hibernorum), and Great Britain, as insula Albionum, "island of the Albions."[8][9] The term Pritani may have reached Pytheas from the Gauls, who possibly used it as their term for the inhabitants of the islands.[9] The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, which was originally compiled by the orders of King Alfred the Great in approximately 890, and subsequently maintained and added to by generations of anonymous scribes until the middle of the 12th century, starts with this sentence: "The island Britain is 800 miles long, and 200 miles broad, and there are in the island five nations: English, Welsh (or British, including the Cornish), Scottish, Pictish, and Latin. The first inhabitants were the Britons, who came from Armenia, and first peopled Britain southward." ("Armenia" is possibly a mistaken transcription of "Armorica," an area in northwestern Gaul including modern Brittany.)[10] In English, the terms "Briton" and British for many centuries originally denoted only the ancient Celtic Britons and their descendants, most particularly the Welsh, Cornish and Bretons, who were seen as heirs to the ancient British people.[13] The Latin name in the early Roman Empire period was Britanni or Brittanni, following the Roman conquest in AD 43.[11]
   Page: It's about my ancestry
   
4. Title: Wikiwand: Iceni
   Author: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
   Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Iceni;
   Note: The Iceni (/aɪˈsiːnaɪ/ eye-SEEN-eye, Classical Latin: [ɪˈkeːniː]) or Eceni were a Brittonic tribe of eastern Britain during the Iron Age and early Roman era. Their territory included present-day Norfolk and parts of Suffolk and Cambridgeshire, and bordered the area of the Corieltauvi to the west, and the Catuvellauni and Trinovantes to the south. In the Roman period, their capital was Venta Icenorum at modern-day Caistor St Edmund. Julius Caesar does not mention the Iceni in his account of his invasions of Britain in 55 and 54 BC, though they may be related to the Cenimagni, whom Caesar notes as living north of the River Thames at that time. The Iceni were a significant power in eastern Britain during Claudius' conquest of Britain in AD 43, in which they allied with Rome. Increasing Roman influence on their affairs led to revolt in AD 47, though they remained nominally independent under king Prasutagus until his death around AD 60. Roman encroachment after Prasutagus' death led his wife Boudica to launch a major revolt from 60–61. Boudica's uprising seriously endangered Roman rule in Britain and resulted in the burning of Londinium and other cities. The Romans finally crushed the rebellion, and the Iceni were increasingly incorporated into the Roman province. Name The meaning of the name "Iceni "(Latin: "Icēnī") is uncertain. In his 1658 treatise "Hydriotaphia, or Urn Burials," the English polymath Thomas Browne claims that the Iceni got their name from the Iken, the old name for the River Ouse, where the Iceni were said to have originated. Robert Henry (1771) refers to a suggested naming from the Brittonic word ychen meaning oxen. Ych (s.) and Ychen (pl.) are still used in modern Welsh. Icenian coins dating from the 1st century AD use the spelling ECEN: another article by D. F. Allen titled “The Coins of the Iceni,” discusses the difference between coins with the inscription ECE versus coins with ECEN. This difference, Allen posits, tells archaeologists and historians when Prasutagus started his reign because the coins did not start reading the name of the tribe until around AD 47. Allen suggests that when Antedios was king of the Iceni, the coins did not yet have the name of the tribe on them but instead the name of its ruler, stating, "If so, the coins suggest that the Prasutagus era commenced only after the events of 47" (Allen 16). The word ECHEN in Welsh as given by the Owen-Pughe etymological dictionary of 1832, which evolved from the native language of Britain at that time, means origin or source; a tribe or nation. The current Dictionary of the Welsh Language defines Echen as meaning stock, lineage, family, tribe, source, origin, nature. Archaeology Archaeological evidence of the Iceni includes torcs — heavy rings of gold, silver or electrum worn around the neck and shoulders. The Iceni began producing coins around 10 BC. Their coins were a distinctive adaptation of the Gallo-Belgic "face/horse" design, and in some early issues, most numerous near Norwich, the horse was replaced with a boar. Some coins are inscribed ECENI, making them the only coin-producing group to use their tribal name on coins. The earliest personal name to appear on coins is Antedios (about 10 BC), and other abbreviated names like AESU and SAEMU follow. It has been discovered that the name of Antedios’ succeeding ruler Prasutagus appears on the coins as well. H. R. Mossop in his article “An Elusive Icenian Legend” discusses coins that were discovered by D. F. Allen in Joist Fen, Suffolk, and states, “It is the coins Nos. 6 and 7 which give an advance in the obverse reading, confirming Allen’s attractive reading PRASTO, with its implied allusion to Prasutagus” (Mossop and Allen 258). Sir Thomas Browne, the first English archaeological writer, said of the Roman occupation, Boudica and Iceni coins: "That Britain was notably populous is undeniable, from that expression of Caesar. That the Romans themselves were early in no small Numbers, Seventy Thousand with their associates slain by Bouadicea, affords a sure account... And no small number of silver pieces near Norwich; with a rude head upon the obverse, an ill-formed horse on the reverse, with the Inscriptions Ic. Duro.T. whether implying Iceni, Durotriges, Tascia, or Trinobantes, we leave to higher conjecture. The British Coyns afford conjecture of early habitation in these parts, though the city of Norwich arose from the ruins of Venta, and though perhaps not without some habitation before, was enlarged, built, and nominated by the Saxons." The Icknield Way, an ancient trackway linking East Anglia to the Chilterns, may be named after the Iceni. John A. Davies and Tony Gregory conducted archaeological surveys of Roman coins that appeared during the period of Roman occupation of Norfolk. Their study showed that the bulk of the coins circulating before AD 60 was Icenian rather than Roman. They speculated that Roman coins were not adapted into the Iceni area until after AD 60. The coin study also showed that there was not a regular supply of Roman coinage from year to year: "The predominance of specific issues at sites across the province and relative scarcity of coins of some emperors illustrates the point that supply was sporadic and that there were periods when little or no fresh coinage was sent to Britain from the imperial mints." In certain rural regions of Norfolk, Davies and Gregory speculate that the Iceni farmers were impacted very little by the civitas, seeing as there is a scarce presence of coinage and treasures. On the other hand, their surveys found "coin-rich temple sites, which appear to have served as centers for periodic fairs and festivals and provided locations for markets and commercial transactions within their complexes and environs. In such rural areas, producers and consumers would have been attracted to these sites for commerce from afield." Roman invasion Tacitus records that the Iceni were not conquered in the Claudian invasion of AD 43, but had come to a voluntary alliance with the Romans. However, they rose against them in 47 after the governor, Publius Ostorius Scapula, threatened to disarm them. D. F. Allen explains in further detail, in his article "The Coins of the Iceni," that Scapula had been "preoccupied with defense against the unconquered Silures in South Wales and Brigantes in Yorkshire." Allen informs readers that this was how Prasutagus had come to gain full control over the Iceni (Allen 2). The Iceni were defeated by Ostorius in a fierce battle at a fortified place, but were allowed to retain their independence. The site of the battle may have been Stonea Camp in Cambridgeshire. A second and more serious uprising took place in AD 61. Prasutagus, the wealthy, pro-Roman Icenian king, who, according to a section in the "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography" titled "Roman Britain, British Leaders," was leader of the Iceni between AD 43 and 50 (Todd 4), had died. It was common practice for a Roman client king to leave his kingdom to Rome on his death, but Prasutagus had attempted to preserve his line by bequeathing his kingdom — which Allen believes was located in Breckland, near Norwich (Allen 15) — jointly to the Emperor and his own daughters. The Romans ignored this, and the procurator Catus Decianus seized his entire estate. Prasutagus's widow, Boudica, was flogged, and her daughters were raped. At the same time, Roman financiers called in their loans. While the governor, Gaius Suetonius Paulinus, was campaigning in Wales, Boudica led the Iceni and the neighboring Trinovantes in a large-scale revolt: "...a terrible disaster occurred in Britain. Two cities were sacked, eighty thousand of the Romans and of their allies perished, and the island was lost to Rome. Moreover, all this ruin was brought upon the Romans by a woman, a fact which in itself caused them the greatest shame.... But the person who was chiefly instrumental in rousing the natives and persuading them to fight the Romans, the person who was thought worthy to be their leader and who directed the conduct of the entire war, was Buduica, a Briton woman of the royal family and possessed of greater intelligence than often belongs to women.... In stature she was very tall, in appearance most terrifying, in the glance of her eye most fierce, and her voice was harsh; a great mass of the tawniest hair fell to her hips; around her neck was a large golden necklace; and she wore a tunic of divers colours over which a thick mantle was fastened with a brooch. This was her invariable attire." The revolt caused the destruction and looting of Camulodunum (Colchester), Londinium (London), and Verulamium (St Albans) before finally being defeated by Suetonius Paulinus and his legions. Although the Britons outnumbered the Romans greatly, they lacked the superior discipline and tactics that won the Romans a decisive victory. The battle took place at an unknown location, probably in the West Midlands somewhere along Watling Street. Today, a large statue of Boudica wielding a sword and charging upon a chariot, called "Boadicea and Her Daughters," can be seen in London on the north bank of the Thames by Westminster Bridge. The Iceni are recorded as a "civitas" of Roman Britain in Ptolemy's "Geographia," which names Venta Icenorum as a town of theirs. Venta, which is also mentioned in the "Ravenna Cosmography," and the "Antonine Itinerary," was a settlement near the village of Caistor St. Edmund, some 8 kilometres (5 mi) south of present-day Norwich, and about 2 kilometres (1.5 mi) from the Bronze Age Henge at Arminghall. Possible survival in the Fens In the "Life of Saint Guthlac" – a biography of the East Anglian hermit who lived in the Fens during the early 8th century – it is stated that Saint Guthlac was attacked on several occasions by people he believed were Britons living in the Fens at that time. However, Bertram Colgrave, in the introduction to one edition, doubts it beca..
   Page: About my ancestry
   
5. Title: Wikiwand: Antedios
   Author: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
   Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Antedios;
   Note: Antedios or Anted was an ancient king of the Iceni, a Brythonic tribe who inhabited the present day county of Norfolk in Britain from approximately the 1st century BCE until the 1st century CE. Antedios came to power in 25 CE, succeeding the Icenian ruler Can. Evidence indicates that Antedios remained neutral during the Roman invasion of Britain in 43 CE, and was later made a client of Rome. Antedios issued coins bearing his own name - Anted - but later retracted the issuance, probably under pressure from other Icenian nobles. He then issued coins bearing the inscription "ECEN" referring to the name of the tribe. It is most probable that Antedios died before the end of the Icenian War of 47 CE, because after the war, power was passed to the pro-Roman leader Prasutagus, and Antedios was never heard of again.
   Page: I've traced it back to my ancestry
   
6. Title: FabPedigree: Antedios (King) of ICENI
   Publication: Name: https://fabpedigree.com/s062/f010384.htm;
   Note: The PEDIGREE of Antedios (King) of ICENI Poss. HM George I's 35-Great Grandfather. Poss. HRE Ferdinand I's 32-Great Grandfather. Poss. Agnes Harris's 35-Great Grandfather. Wife/Partner: ? Possible Child: Boadicea (Queen) of ICENIANS [alt ped] Alternative Father of Possible Child: Rhun Huidibras of ICENI _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ ______ ______ _____ / -- Imanuentus (King) of TRINOVANTES / -- Mandubracius (King) of TRINOVANTES / -- Addedomaros (King) of TRINOVANTES / - Antedios (King) of ICENI \ \ -- ? His (poss.) Great Grandchildren: Coel I (Cole Coilus) (King) of BRITAIN ; Eurgen ap MEURIG of the TRINOVANTES ; Athilda (Princess) of BRITONS ; daughter of King Coel [ Start ]
   Page: Ancestry