Conn "Cétchathach MacFedlimid -of the hundred battles" High King of Ireland

• Preferred Name: Conn "Cétchathach MacFedlimid -of the hundred battles" High King of Ireland^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• Clan Name: with note: Description: Founder of the Dynasty of Connachta
  
• Birth: ABT 100 in Tara, County Meath, Ireland at LATI: N3.5823 LONG: E6.6249
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: High King of IrelandBET 123 AND 157 in Tara, County Meath, Ireland at LATI: N3.5823 LONG: E6.6249 with note: Annals of the Four Masters -122-157* Fora Feasa ar Éirinn shows 116-136 Lebor Gabala shows 161-180 *He slew his predessor in 123 at the battle of Mag Aga.....
  
• Burial: 157 in Bru na Boinne, under a stone cairne, County Meath,Ireland at LATI: N3.6162 LONG: E6.6911 with note: Dindsenchas- *** Brú na Bóinne or Boyne valley tombs, is an area in County Meath, Ireland, located in a bend of the River Boyne. Wikipedia
  
• Location+of+Druim+Tuirléime: with note: Description: possible location of death of the Conn- Druim Tairleime (County Westmeath)- But it is more likely to be in County Meath, close to Tara, as Cath Maighe Léna states that the name of the hill where Conn of the Hundred Battles was killed was Druim Tuirléime.[8] Drum Tuirleime is contiguous with Ros na Righ, south side of the Boyne, about 3 miles from Bru na Boinne, the Conn's burial site.
  
• Death: 157 in Battle of Tuath Amrois, near Tara, County, Meath, Ireland at LATI: N3.5823 LONG: E6.6249
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: King of Tara
  
• The+Death+of+Conn: with note: Description: Conn was eventually killed by Tipraite Tírech, king of the Ulaid, on Tuesday 20 October according to Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh in his 'Ogygia: seu Rerum Hibernicarum Chronologia' (1685).[16] The Lebor Gabála,[17] Baile in Scáil,[18] Gilla Cóemáin's poem "Annalad annall uile",[19] Fland Mainistrech's poem "Rig Themra dia tesband tnú"[20] in the Book of Leinster and the Annals[21][22][23][24][25] all say Tipraite defeated him in battle in Túath Amrois. Keating[26] and the Great Book of Lecan[27] says Tipraite sent fifty warriors dressed as women from Emain Macha to kill him at Tara. "The decision as to Cormac’s sword" says Conn was killed with a sword that once belonged to Cú Chulainn.[28] "Cath Maighe Léna" states that the name of the hill where Conn was killed was Druim Tuirléime.[29] His son-in-law Conaire Cóem succeeded him as High King, and Conn's son Art would later succeed him. The Lebor Gabála synchronises Conn's reign with that of the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius (161–180). The chronology of Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn dates his reign to 116–136, that of the Annals of the Four Masters to 122–157.
  
• FSID: LDT7-19B
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Wikipedia
  
  Conn Cétchathach: "of the Hundred Battles"), son of Fedlimid Rechtmar, was a legendary High King of Ireland and the ancestor of the Connachta, and, through his descendant Niall Noígiallach, the Uí Néill dynasties, which dominated Ireland in the early Middle Ages.
  
  Literary tradition
  Early life and accession
  The Annals of the Four Masters says that five roads to Tara, which had never been seen before, were discovered on the night of Conn's birth.[1] According to the Lebor Gabála Érenn, he took power after killing his predecessor Cathair Mór.[2] In other sources his predecessor is Dáire Doimthech.[3] The Lia Fáil, the coronation stone at Tara which was said to roar when the rightful king stood on it, roared under Conn for the first time since Cúchulainn split it with his sword when it failed to roar for Lugaid Riab nDerg.[4]
  
  In the saga Baile in Scáil ("The Phantom's Ecstatic Vision"), Conn treads on the stone by accident while walking the ramparts of Tara, implying that the stone had been lost and half-buried since Cúchulainn's time. A druid explains the meaning of the stone, and says the number of cries the stone made is the number of kings who will follow Conn, but he is not the man to name them. A magical mist arises, and a horseman approaches who throws three spears towards Conn, then asks him and the druid to follow him to his house, which stands on a plain by a golden tree. They enter, and are welcomed by a woman in a gold crown. First they see a silver vat, bound with gold hoops, full of red ale, and a golden cup and serving spoon. Then they see a phantom, a tall beautiful man, on a throne, who introduces himself as Lugh. The woman is the sovereignty of Ireland, and she serves Conn a meal consisting of an ox's rib 24 feet long (10 m approximately), and a boar's rib.[a] When she serves drinks, she asks "To whom shall this cup be given?", and Lugh recites a poem which tells Conn how many years he will reign, and the names of the kings who will follow him. Then they enter Lugh's shadow, and the house disappears, but the cup and serving spoon remain.[5][6][7]
  
  An earlier text, Baile Chuinn Cétchathaigh ("The Ecstatic Vision of Conn of the Hundred Battles") gives a poetic list of kings, many of which are recognisable from the traditional List of High Kings of Ireland, but without narrative context.[8]
  
  Reign
  See also: Leath Cuinn and Leath Moga
  Conn had a long reign – twenty, twenty-five, thirty-five or even fifty years according to different versions of the Lebor Gabála, spending much of it at war with Mug Nuadat, king of Munster.
  
  According to the medieval text Cath Maige Leana ("the battle of Mag Leana"), Mug Nuadat's father, Mug Neit son of Deirgtine, had expelled the kings of Munster, Conaire Coem and Mac Niad mac Lugdach. The two kings fled to Conn, and married his daughters, Saraid and Sadb respectively. Mug Neit made war on Conn, but was defeated and killed after two battles in County Offaly. Mug Nuadat led his father's forces in retreat through Munster, fighting Conn to a standstill before escaping by sea to Beare Island (in Irish, Oiléan Béarra, now called Bere Island), and thence to Spain. Conn restored Conaire and Mac Niad to their kingdoms and withdrew.
  
  Nine years later, Mug Nuadat, who had married the daughter of the king of Spain, landed with an army near Bantry Bay and forced Conaire and Mac Niad to submit to his overlordship. With the kings of Ulster and Leinster, he marched north to Mag nAi and forced Conn to make a treaty with him, dividing Ireland between them: Conn controlling the north, or Leth Cuinn ("Conn's half"), and Mug Nuadat the south, or Leth Moga ("Mug's half"), with the border running from Galway in the west to Dublin in the east.
  
  After fifteen years of peace Mug Nuadat broke the treaty and declared war, along with the kings of Ulster and Leinster. He led his army to Mag Leana, near Tullamore, County Offaly. Conn retreated to Connacht, gathered his forces, and retook Meath from the king of Ulster. He then marched south to Mag Leana and destroyed Mug Nuadat's army in a surprise night attack on his camp. Mug Nuadat was killed in the fighting, and Conn became king of all of Ireland.[9]
  
  Geoffrey Keating tells the story differently. In his account Mug Nuadat obtains an army from the king of Leinster and expels the kings of Munster, here Lugaid Allathach, Dáire Dornmhor and Aonghus. Aonghus flees to Conn, who gives him an army with which to reclaim his kingdom, but Mug Nuadat defeats this and a further nine attempts by Conn to drive him out of Munster, forcing Conn to divide Ireland with him. When hostilities break out again, Conn and Mug Nuadat's armies gather for battle at Mag Leana, but Conn kills Mug Nuadat in his bed in an early morning attack.[10]
  
  According to a medieval source, the hero Fionn mac Cumhaill was born in Conn's time. His father, Cumhall, a warrior in Conn's service, was a suitor of Muirne, daughter of the druid Tadg mac Nuadat, but Tadg refused his suit, so Cumhall abducted her. Conn went to war against him, and Cumhall was killed by Goll mac Morna in the Battle of Cnucha. But Muirne was already pregnant, and Tadg rejected her, ordering her to be burned. She fled to Conn, and Conn put her under the protection of Cumhall's brother-in-law Fiacal mac Conchinn. It was in Fiacal's house that she gave birth to a son, Deimne, who was later renamed Fionn.[11] When he was ten, Fionn came to Tara put himself into Conn's service. He learned that every year at Samhain, the monster Aillen would put everyone at Tara to sleep with his music, and burn down the palace with his fiery breath. Fionn killed Aillen, having kept himself awake by pressing the head of his spear to his forehead, and warded off Aillen's flame with his magical cloak, and Conn made him head of the fianna in place of Goll.[12]
  
  Family
  Conn had two sons, Connla and Art. Connla fell in love with a fairy woman from Mag Mell, and went with her to her otherworld home in her crystal boat, leaving Art alone. After that Art was known as Óenfer – the "lone" or "solitary".[13] Connla's tale is told in the Echtra Condla.
  
  After Conn's wife Eithne Tháebfhota,[14] daughter of Cathair Mór, died, another fairy woman, Bé Chuille, was banished by the Tuatha Dé Danann to Ireland. She had fallen in love with Art from a distance and sought him out in her currach, but when she met Conn and learned he was without a wife, agreed to marry him instead, on the condition that Art be banished from Tara for a year. The men of Ireland thought this unjust, and Ireland was barren during that year. The druids discovered that this was Bé Chuille's fault, and declared that the famine could be ended by the sacrifice of the son of a sinless couple in front of Tara. Conn went in search of this boy in Bé Chuille's currach. He landed on a strange island of apple-trees. The queen of the island had a young son, the result of her only sexual union. Conn told her that Ireland would be saved if the boy bathed in the water of Ireland, and she agreed. He took him back to Ireland, but when the druids demanded his death, he, Art and Fionn mac Cumhaill swore to protect him. Just then, a woman driving a cow carrying two bags approached, and the cow was sacrificed instead of the boy. The bags were opened: one contained a bird with one leg, the other a bird with twelve legs. The two birds fought, and the one-legged bird won. The woman said the twelve-legged bird represented the druids, and the one-legged bird the boy, and revealed herself as his mother. She told Conn that the famine would end if he would put Bé Chuille away, but he refused. Bé Chuille was later banished from Tara as the result of a series of challenges she and Art made each other over a game of fidchell.[15]
  
  Death
  Conn was eventually killed by Tipraite Tírech, king of the Ulaid, on Tuesday 20 October according to Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh in his 'Ogygia: seu Rerum Hibernicarum Chronologia' (1685).[16] The Lebor Gabála,[17] Baile in Scáil,[18] Gilla Cóemáin's poem "Annalad annall uile",[19] Fland Mainistrech's poem "Rig Themra dia tesband tnú"[20] in the Book of Leinster and the Annals[21][22][23][24][25] all say Tipraite defeated him in battle in Túath Amrois. Keating[26] and the Great Book of Lecan[27] says Tipraite sent fifty warriors dressed as women from Emain Macha to kill him at Tara. "The decision as to Cormac’s sword" says Conn was killed with a sword that once belonged to Cú Chulainn.[28] "Cath Maighe Léna" states that the name of the hill where Conn was killed was Druim Tuirléime.[29] His son-in-law Conaire Cóem succeeded him as High King, and Conn's son Art would later succeed him. The Lebor Gabála synchronises Conn's reign with that of the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius (161–180). The chronology of Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn dates his reign to 116–136, that of the Annals of the Four Masters to 122–157.
  
  === wikipedia ===
  Conn Cétchathach ("of the Hundred Battles", pron. [kɒn: ˈkeːdxaθəx]), son of Fedlimid Rechtmar, was, according to medieval Irish legendary and annalistic sources, a High King of Ireland, and the ancestor of the Connachta, and, through his descendant Niall Noígiallach, the Uí Néill dynasties, which dominated Ireland in the early Middle Ages, and their descendants

• m. ABT 139

1. Sabd ingen Chuin, b. 140 in Ireland     d. 190 in Ireland
2. Art "Óenfer -the one son" Mac Cuinn, b. 152 in Tara, Meath, Ireland     d. 195 in Battle of Maigh Mucruimhe, Connacht, Ireland

1. Title: The Hill of Tara
   Publication: Name: https://heritageireland.ie/visit/places-to-visit/hill-of-tara/;
   Note: The Hill of Tara is the jewel in the crown of the Boyne Valley landscape. A site that has been in use for more than 5000 years as a place of burial and assembly, it grew to fame as the legendary inauguration site of the ancient High Kings of Ireland. From its rolling slopes one can see all the way to the other great sites of the Boyne Valley, including Loughcrew Cairns, the Hill of Slane, Trim Castle and beyond. In later centuries it remained the focus of Gaelic identity and remains to this day the beating heart of Ireland. The mythology of Tara Tara is most synonymous in myth as the residence of the High King of Ireland (although the archaeology suggests there were no permanent residences on the hill). The legend of Conn of the Hundred Battles illustrates the importance of Tara and tells us how the Kingship of Ireland was granted by the otherworld. Conn, his druids and his fili (poet seers), in their efforts to protect Ireland from the people of the otherworld mounted the ramparts at Tara. He stepped on a stone that let out several loud cries. Each cry represented a descendant of Conn's that would be High King. He had stood on the Lia Fáil, the Stone of Destiny, said to cry out when a true King entered Tara. Conn was granted Tara by Lug, the good god. Lug instructed the beautiful goddess Medhbh, whom he proclaimed was “the Sovereignty of Ireland,” to serve Conn a drink of ale from her vat. Lug then instructed her to offer each of Conn's successors a drink from her vat until the Day of Judgement. The archaeology of Tara Tara was an important site long before the High Kings. A passage tomb known as Dumha na nGiall (meaning ‘the mound of the hostages') is the oldest visible monument and dates from around 3,000 BC. However, Tara became truly significant in the Iron Age (600 BC to 400 AD) and into the Early Christian Period. In 433 St. Patrick, on the nearby Hill of Slane, lit the Paschal fire in defiance of the Pagan King of Tara. Tara was the royal centre of Mide (meaning ‘the middle kingdom'), the fifth province of ancient Ireland. It incorporated the present Co. Meath and what is now Westmeath and large parts of Cavan and Longford. One of the most interesting monuments at Tara is the Lia Fáil (Stone of Destiny), which is a standing stone located within an area known as the Forrad (The Royal Seat). This was the inauguration stone of the Kings of Tara. According to tradition, when a true Irish or Scottish King placed a foot on Lia Fáil it cried out to announce his rightful reign. Tara was finally abandoned, in 1022, by the then High King of Ireland Mael Shechlainn. However the hill has always retained its importance to the Irish identity.
   
2. Title: Wikitree - Conn Cétchathach mac Fedlim
   Author: Sources ↑ Library Ireland: The Royal Residence of Tara ↑ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: Conn Cétchathach by Philip Irwin ↑ Wikipedia : Medb ↑ The Book of Leinster section 37 : Medb Lethderg cecinit Celt: corpus of electronic texts edition : Book of Leinster, Volume 1, edited by R. I. Best, Osborn Bergin and M. A. O'Brien, Dublin 1954. ↑ Wikipedia : Niall of the Hundred Hostages ↑ "The reader will remember that the descriptive name Leith Cuinn was unknown until Conn Cetchathach, who lived, according to the traditional chronology, in the second century, and Mogh Nuaghat divided Ireland between them, the northern part being known as Leith Cuinn and the southern as Leith Mogha. The boundary was, roughly, from Dublin to Galway Bay." Celt: The Glenmasan Manuscript p.210 column 43 section 1 corpus of electronic texts edition - note: the Glenmasan ms with translation by Professor Mackinnon can be found in The Celtic Review Vol. 1, No. 1 (Jul., 1904), pp. 3-17 & available in JSTOR ↑
   Publication: Name: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Ceadcatha-1;
   Note: Conn Cétchathach legendary High King of Ireland Ireland Native Conn Cétchathach Ceadcatha was born in Ireland. Conn Cétchathach, the legendary 2nd century High King of Ireland is remembered as one of seven sons of the Ard Ri (king of Tara), Feidlimid Rechtaid,. The kings of Tara were the over-kings, or High Kings of Ireland. [1] His mother is sometimes said to have been "the daughter o the king of Denmark"[2] In Irish mythology, Conn's mother is remembered as Medb Lethderg, a legendary goddess of Sovereignty associated as the spouse of nine successive kings of Tara; the Medb of the Connachta of the Ulster Cycle. [3] [4] Conn Cétchathach was the ancestor of the Connachta. Conn's descendant, Niall Noigiallach was the founder of the Uí Néill dynasties, which dominated Ireland in the early Middle Ages. [5] Conn Ceadcathach, Conn of the Hundred Battles was so named for his many battles fought and won; sixty battles against Cahir Mór, King of Leinster (109th Monarch of Ireland) whom he slew and succeeded in the Monarchy; one hundred battles against the Ulsterians; and one hundred more in Munster against Owen Mór. Conn and Owen (Eogan) Mor divided Ireland between them; all the country north along the long ridge of hills, Esker Riada, running between Dublin and Galway, Leath Cuinn belonged to Conn; the southern portion, Leath Mogha to Owen Mór. [6] [7] [8] He had two brothers, Eochaidh Fionn-Fohart and Fiacha Suidhe, who, to make way for themselves, murdered two of his (Conn Ceadcathach's) sons named Conla Ruadh and Crionna; but they were by Conn Ceadcathach's third son, Art Eanfhear banished, first into Leinster, and then into Munster, where they lived near Cashel. They were seated at Deici Teamhrach (now the barony of Desee in Meath), whence they were expelled by the Monarch Cormac Ulfhada, son of Art; and, after various wanderings, they went to Munster where Oilioll Olum, who was married to Sadhbh, daughter of Conn of the Hundred Battles, gave them a large district of the present county of Waterford, a part of which is still called Na-Deiseacha, or the baronies of Desies. They were also given the country comprised in the present baronies of Clonmel, Upper-Third, and Middle-Third, in the co. Tipperary, which they held till the Anglo-Norman Invasion. From Eochaidh Fionn-Fohart descended O'Nowlan or Nolan of Fowerty (or Foharta), in Lease (or Leix), and Saint Bridget; and from Fiacha Suidhe are O'Dolan, O'Brick of Dunbrick, and O'Faelan of Dun Faelan, near Cashel. Conn of the Hundred Battles had also three daughters: 1. Sadhbh (or Sabina), who m. first, MacNiadh, after whose death she m. Oilioll Olum, King of Munster. 2. Maoin; and 3. Sarah (or Sarad), m. to Conan MacMogha Laine. Conn reigned 35 years; but was at length barbarously slain by Tiobraidhe Tireach, son of Mal, son of Rochruidhe, King of Ulster. This murder was committed in Tara, A.D. 157, when Conn chanced to be alone and unattended by his guards; the assassins were fifty ruffians, disguised as women, whom the King of Ulster employed for the purpose.[9] Children Conla Ruadh Crionna Art Eanfhear, the 112th Monarch of Ireland, in the second century of our era. Sadhbh (or Sabina), who m. first, MacNiadh, after whose death she m. Oilioll Olum, King of Munster. Maoin; and Sarah (or Sarad), m. to Conan MacMogha Laine.[10]
   
3. Title: Dictionary of Irish Biography
   Author: AU; Bk Leinster, i, 92; vi, 1370; Corpus geneal. Hib., 70, 79, 121, 130, 137, 358; M. C. Dobbs, ‘The Ban-Shenchus’, Rev. Celt., xlviii (1931), 176, 212; Dillon, Lebor na Cert, 168–9; idem, Cycles of the kings, 11–14; Forus feasa, i, 49, 225–7, 250; O'Rahilly, Early Ir. hist., 184–92, 281–5; Byrne, Ir. kings, 52–4, 200–01, 231–2; T. Ó Cathasaigh, The heroic biography of Cormac mac Airt (1977), 74–80; D. Sproule, ‘The origins of the Éoganachta’, Ériu, xxxv (1984), 31–2; McCone, Pagan past, 79–80, 112, 133, 152–3, 159, 239; Ó hÓgáin, Myth, 116–19; Bhreathnach, Tara bibliog., 5, 50–51 (§11), 53 (§18), 90–91 (§§130–33); Jaski, Early Ir. kingship, 67–8, 208; Charles-Edwards, Early Christ. Ire., 36, 517; A. Mac Shamhráin & P. Byrne, ‘Prosopography I: kings named in Baile Chuinn Chétchathaig and the Airgíalla charter poem’, E. Bhreathnach (ed.), The kingship and landscape of Tara (2005), 159–224; A. Connon, ‘Prosopography II: a prosopography of the early queens of Tara’, Bhreathnach (ed.), Kin
   Publication: Name: https://www.dib.ie/biography/conn-cetchathach-a1939;
   Note: Conn Cétchathach (‘the hundred-battler’), pseudo-historical ancestor of the dynasties which emerged as the Connachta (including Uí Néill) and Airgialla, and forebear of all noble families of Leth Cuinn (the northern half of Ireland), was reputedly a son of Fedelmid Rechtmar son of Tuathal Techtmar. Whether Conn was a pagan deity or a fiction of the early historical period (his name being derived from Connacht – headship – following the adoption of that term by a dynastic group as a ‘quasi-tribal’ name), the sources treat him as an historical character. His father, Fedelmid Rechtmar, supposedly reigned as king of Ireland before the dawn of history, while his mother – named as Úna Oll-chrotach – is anachronistically described as daughter of a king of Lochlann (which in Middle Irish literature means Scandinavia). He is assigned six brothers, the most notable of whom is Eochaid Finn fuath-nAirt, arch-enemy of Conn and of his son Art Óenfher. According to historical literature, Conn had several wives including Aífe daughter of Ailpín (a British king), mother of his sons Conlae and Art Óenfher and of his daughter Sadb. Significantly, of his other wives, three (Lendabair, Lann, and Eithne Thóebfhota – featured in the tale ‘Echtra Airt’) have strong Leinster connections. The first is alternately represented as a former wife, or daughter, of the Laigin ancestor-figure Cathaír Már (qv), the second is said to have been a daughter of Cathaír, and the third (mother of his son Crínna and daughter Sárait) a daughter of the prehistoric Laigin king, Crimthann Cas. Equally significant are the links forged between Conn and the ruling elites of the Éoganachta and the Érainn – prominent in Munster – through the marriages claimed for his family. His daughter Sadb was allegedly the wife of Ailill Ólom (qv), an ancestor figure of the Munstermen, and mother of his nine sons including Éogan Már (qv) – sometimes identified with Mug-Nuadat – from whom the Éoganacht dynasties claimed descent. She is also said to have been the mother of Lugaid son of Conn of the Érainn. Another daughter, Sárait, supposedly married Conaire Már son of Mog-Láma, an ancestor of various Érainn peoples, and was the mother of three sons, each named Cairpre. Conn features as ‘king of Ireland’ in historical literature from the Old Irish period onwards. It is implied by the regnal poem ‘Baile Chuinn’, and expressly claimed in ‘Baile in Scáil’ and other Middle Irish king-lists, that he held the kingship of Tara and reigned for twenty, or even fifty-three, years. Medieval historical tradition places him at Cenannas (Kells, Co. Meath), while he awaited his ‘call’ to Tara, to succeed Cathaír Már as king. According to the Leinster poem ‘Timna Cathaír Máir’ (‘The testament of Cathaír Már’), he defeated and slew his father-in-law at Mag Ága (near Teltown, Co. Meath). Conn's reign was depicted as a time of peace and unrivalled prosperity, despite his being obliged to share sovereignty with Éogan Már and partition the country along a line from Galway to Dublin to form Leth Cuinn (Conn's half) and Leth Moga (Mogh's half). Although one account claims that Conn defeated Éogan Már at Mag Léna (Moylen Heath, parish of Kilbride, barony of Ballycowan, Co. Offaly) to become sole ‘king of Ireland’, another version has him expelled from Tara by a Leinster rival, Eochaid son of Erc – enduring exile for seven years before he overcame the latter. Conn's ultimate demise came about, it is said, through the treachery of his brother Eochaid Finn, who plotted with an Ulster king, Tipraite, to assassinate him. Some Middle Irish lists have Conn followed in the kingship by his son-in-law Conaire, and the latter in turn by Art. Contributed by Mac Shamhráin, Ailbhe
   
4. Title: Wikipedia - Conn "Cétchathach" mac Fedilim
   Author: Annals of the Four Masters M122-M157 R. A. Stewart Macalister (ed. & trans.), Lebor Gabála Érenn: The Book of the Taking of Ireland Part V, Irish Texts Society, 1956, p. 331–333 "Scéla Mosauluim". Archived from the original on 7 October 2008. Retrieved 3 December 2021. Lebor Gabála Érenn §57 Archived 15 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine "Baile in Scáil: the Phantom's Frenzy", Miles Dillon (ed. & trans), The Cycle of the Kings, Oxford University Press, 1946 Cycles of the Kings Web Project Archived 27 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine: Baile in Scáil Archived 7 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine Meyer, Kuno (1901) Baile in Scáil via CELT corpus Cycles of the Kings Web Project: Baile Chuinn Cétchathaigh Archived 20 November 2008 at the Wayback Machine
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conn_of_the_Hundred_Battles;
   Note: Conn Cétchathach (pronounced [kɒnː ˈkeːdxaθəx]; "of the Hundred Battles"), son of Fedlimid Rechtmar, was a legendary High King of Ireland and the ancestor of the Connachta, and, through his descendant Niall Noígiallach, the Uí Néill dynasties, which dominated Ireland in the early Middle Ages. Literary tradition Early life and accession The Annals of the Four Masters says that five roads to Tara, which had never been seen before, were discovered on the night of Conn's birth.[1] According to the Lebor Gabála Érenn, he took power after killing his predecessor Cathair Mór.[2] In other sources his predecessor is Dáire Doimthech.[3] The Lia Fáil, the coronation stone at Tara which was said to roar when the rightful king stood on it, roared under Conn for the first time since Cúchulainn split it with his sword when it failed to roar for Lugaid Riab nDerg.[4] In the saga Baile in Scáil ("The Phantom's Ecstatic Vision"), Conn treads on the stone by accident while walking the ramparts of Tara, implying that the stone had been lost and half-buried since Cúchulainn's time. A druid explains the meaning of the stone, and says the number of cries the stone made is the number of kings who will follow Conn, but he is not the man to name them. A magical mist arises, and a horseman approaches who throws three spears towards Conn, then asks him and the druid to follow him to his house, which stands on a plain by a golden tree. They enter, and are welcomed by a woman in a gold crown. First they see a silver vat, bound with gold hoops, full of red ale, and a golden cup and serving spoon. Then they see a phantom, a tall beautiful man, on a throne, who introduces himself as Lugh. The woman is the sovereignty of Ireland, and she serves Conn a meal consisting of an ox's rib 24 feet long (10 m approximately), and a boar's rib.[a] When she serves drinks, she asks "To whom shall this cup be given?", and Lugh recites a poem which tells Conn how many years he will reign, and the names of the kings who will follow him. Then they enter Lugh's shadow, and the house disappears, but the cup and serving spoon remain.[5][6][7] An earlier text, Baile Chuinn Cétchathaigh ("The Ecstatic Vision of Conn of the Hundred Battles") gives a poetic list of kings, many of which are recognisable from the traditional List of High Kings of Ireland, but without narrative context.[8] Reign See also: Leath Cuinn and Leath Moga Conn had a long reign – twenty, twenty-five, thirty-five or even fifty years according to different versions of the Lebor Gabála, spending much of it at war with Mug Nuadat, king of Munster. According to the medieval text Cath Maige Leana ("the battle of Mag Leana"), Mug Nuadat's father, Mug Neit son of Deirgtine, had expelled the kings of Munster, Conaire Coem and Mac Niad mac Lugdach. The two kings fled to Conn, and married his daughters, Saraid and Sadb respectively. Mug Neit made war on Conn, but was defeated and killed after two battles in County Offaly. Mug Nuadat led his father's forces in retreat through Munster, fighting Conn to a standstill before escaping by sea to Beare Island (in Irish, Oiléan Béarra, now called Bere Island), and thence to Spain. Conn restored Conaire and Mac Niad to their kingdoms and withdrew. Nine years later, Mug Nuadat, who had married the daughter of the king of Spain, landed with an army near Bantry Bay and forced Conaire and Mac Niad to submit to his overlordship. With the kings of Ulster and Leinster, he marched north to Mag nAi and forced Conn to make a treaty with him, dividing Ireland between them: Conn controlling the north, or Leth Cuinn ("Conn's half"), and Mug Nuadat the south, or Leth Moga ("Mug's half"), with the border running from Galway in the west to Dublin in the east. After fifteen years of peace Mug Nuadat broke the treaty and declared war, along with the kings of Ulster and Leinster. He led his army to Mag Leana, near Tullamore, County Offaly. Conn retreated to Connacht, gathered his forces, and retook Meath from the king of Ulster. He then marched south to Mag Leana and destroyed Mug Nuadat's army in a surprise night attack on his camp. Mug Nuadat was killed in the fighting, and Conn became king of all of Ireland.[9] Geoffrey Keating tells the story differently. In his account Mug Nuadat obtains an army from the king of Leinster and expels the kings of Munster, here Lugaid Allathach, Dáire Dornmhor and Aonghus. Aonghus flees to Conn, who gives him an army with which to reclaim his kingdom, but Mug Nuadat defeats this and a further nine attempts by Conn to drive him out of Munster, forcing Conn to divide Ireland with him. When hostilities break out again, Conn and Mug Nuadat's armies gather for battle at Mag Leana, but Conn kills Mug Nuadat in his bed in an early morning attack.[10] According to a medieval source, the hero Fionn mac Cumhaill was born in Conn's time. His father, Cumhall, a warrior in Conn's service, was a suitor of Muirne, daughter of the druid Tadg mac Nuadat, but Tadg refused his suit, so Cumhall abducted her. Conn went to war against him, and Cumhall was killed by Goll mac Morna in the Battle of Cnucha. But Muirne was already pregnant, and Tadg rejected her, ordering her to be burned. She fled to Conn, and Conn put her under the protection of Cumhall's brother-in-law Fiacal mac Conchinn. It was in Fiacal's house that she gave birth to a son, Deimne, who was later renamed Fionn.[11] When he was ten, Fionn came to Tara put himself into Conn's service. He learned that every year at Samhain, the monster Aillen would put everyone at Tara to sleep with his music, and burn down the palace with his fiery breath. Fionn killed Aillen, having kept himself awake by pressing the head of his spear to his forehead, and warded off Aillen's flame with his magical cloak, and Conn made him head of the fianna in place of Goll.[12] Family Conn had two sons, Connla and Art. Connla fell in love with a fairy woman from Mag Mell, and went with her to her otherworld home in her crystal boat, leaving Art alone. After that Art was known as Óenfer – the "lone" or "solitary".[13] Connla's tale is told in the Echtra Condla. After Conn's wife Eithne Tháebfhota,[14] daughter of Cathair Mór, died, another fairy woman, Bé Chuille, was banished by the Tuatha Dé Danann to Ireland. She had fallen in love with Art from a distance and sought him out in her currach, but when she met Conn and learned he was without a wife, agreed to marry him instead, on the condition that Art be banished from Tara for a year. The men of Ireland thought this unjust, and Ireland was barren during that year. The druids discovered that this was Bé Chuille's fault, and declared that the famine could be ended by the sacrifice of the son of a sinless couple in front of Tara. Conn went in search of this boy in Bé Chuille's currach. He landed on a strange island of apple-trees. The queen of the island had a young son, the result of her only sexual union. Conn told her that Ireland would be saved if the boy bathed in the water of Ireland, and she agreed. He took him back to Ireland, but when the druids demanded his death, he, Art and Fionn mac Cumhaill swore to protect him. Just then, a woman driving a cow carrying two bags approached, and the cow was sacrificed instead of the boy. The bags were opened: one contained a bird with one leg, the other a bird with twelve legs. The two birds fought, and the one-legged bird won. The woman said the twelve-legged bird represented the druids, and the one-legged bird the boy, and revealed herself as his mother. She told Conn that the famine would end if he would put Bé Chuille away, but he refused. Bé Chuille was later banished from Tara as the result of a series of challenges she and Art made each other over a game of fidchell.[15] Death Conn was eventually killed by Tipraite Tírech, king of the Ulaid, on Tuesday 20 October according to Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh in his 'Ogygia: seu Rerum Hibernicarum Chronologia' (1685).[16] The Lebor Gabála,[17] Baile in Scáil,[18] Gilla Cóemáin's poem "Annalad annall uile",[19] Fland Mainistrech's poem "Rig Themra dia tesband tnú"[20] in the Book of Leinster and the Annals[21][22][23][24][25] all say Tipraite defeated him in battle in Túath Amrois. Keating[26] and the Great Book of Lecan[27] says Tipraite sent fifty warriors dressed as women from Emain Macha to kill him at Tara. "The decision as to Cormac’s sword" says Conn was killed with a sword that once belonged to Cú Chulainn.[28] "Cath Maighe Léna" states that the name of the hill where Conn was killed was Druim Tuirléime.[29] His son-in-law Conaire Cóem succeeded him as High King, and Conn's son Art would later succeed him. The Lebor Gabála synchronises Conn's reign with that of the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius (161–180). The chronology of Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn dates his reign to 116–136, that of the Annals of the Four Masters to 122–157.
   
5. Title: Luminarium Encyclopedia
   Author: itation: Jokinen, Anniina. "Conn of the Hundred Battles." Luminarium. 20 May 2007. [Date you accessed this page]. O'Grady, Standish. The Story of Ireland. London: Methuen & Co., 1894. 28-29. O'Curry, Eugene. "Conn of the Hundred Battles." Quoted in George Sigerson. Bards of the Gael and Gall. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1907. 424-425. Sullivan, W. K. "Introduction", in O'Curry, Eugene. On the Manners and Customs of the Ancient Irish. London: Williams and Norgate, 1873. cccxxxiii-cccxxxiv.
   Publication: Name: https://www.luminarium.org/mythology/ireland/100conn.htm;
   Note: Conn, "the Hundred-Battler", King of Ireland, was son of King Felimid the Lawgiver. He ascended the throne around 123 A.D. His greatest enemy was the King of Munster, Eoghan-Mor (Eugene or Owen More), also known as Mogh-Nuadhat. They fought bitterly, and finally Conn was obliged to yield Mor half of Ireland. The country was divided into two halves, the line extending from Dublin to Galway. Conn's northern half was called Leth-Chuinn (Conn's Half), Mor's southern half Leth-Mogha (Mogh's Half). After Eoghan's defeat by Goll Mac Morni at the battle of Magh Lena, Conn again ruled the whole country. Conn was slain in 157 A. D. by Tiobraide Tireach, king of Uladh, at Tuath Amrois, near Tara, while preparing to celebrate the feis (festival) of Tara. He was buried at Brugh na Boinne, under a stone cairn, mentioned in the Dindsenchas. Conn of the Hundred Battles was the ancestor of the families of O'Neill, O'Donnell, O'Kelly, O'Malley, O'Flaherty, Maguire, etc. He was succeeded by King Conaire II. "After the heroic days of Concobar and Cuculain the Red Branch declined. Their great force was, as it were, spent and used up. Then Tara began to become great and conspicuous. Tara is a large green round hill on the southern bank of the Boyne. From its top one can see most of Meath. By slow degrees the kings of Tara and the surrounding rich plains began to rule far and wide, and gather under their authority many distant kings.... The first of these was Conn of the Hundred Battles, a huge and fierce warrior, red-haired, with mighty limbs, headlong and impetuous, a man blazing with ceaseless energy, who seldom or never was out of his battle harness. Of him the bards sang, "His march was the rush of a Spring tide, and his journeying the evacuation of territories, and the whole earth was filled with his glory." But in his fiery soul there were springs too of sweet affection. Once he sent his foster-brothers on an embassy; they were slain by the king to whom he sent them. It was night when the tidings of that slaughter were brought to Conn. He sat down, and, in his wrath and grief, without uttering one word, chewed down the ashen haft of his great blade. Such was Conn of the Hundred Battles, who exalted Tara over all cities, and from whose loins sprang innumerable kings powerful and famous. His name survives in the name of one of our provinces, Connaught or Conn-Acht means Children of Conn." CONN AND THE PHANTOM PRINCE. "Of a morning, Conn of the Hundred Battles fared at sunrise to the ramparts of the Royal Fort at Tara, accompanied by his three Druids, and his three bards; for he was wont daily to repair thither to watch the firmament, so that no hostile aerial beings should descend upon Erinn, unknown to him. While standing in his wonted place, this morning, Conn trod upon a stone, and immediately it shrieked beneath his feet, so that it could be heard all over Tara and throughout all Bregia. His Druids, after many days, discovered and told him on the same spot that this was the Lia Fáil—the Stone of Fáil (whence Innis-fáil)—the number of its shrieks told the number of kings of his race who should succeed him on the throne. Conn stood musing on the revelation, when suddenly a mist arose and inclosed them in such darkness, that they could not see each other. Then, in the deep silence, they heard the tramp of a Cavalier approach, and thrice a spear was cast rapidly towards them, coming each time closer. The Druid cried aloud in protest:"It is a violation of the sacred person of a King to cast at Conn in Tara." The Cavalier disclosed himself, saluted the King, and invited all to his mansion. There, on a noble plain, they entered a royal court, and beheld a beautiful princess. Before her was a silver vat full of red ale, a golden ladle, and a golden cup. The Cavalier, assuming the seat at the head of the table, bade all his guests be seated. The princess presented Conn with the bare ribs of a giant ox and giant boar, and the vessels of gold and silver. Then, filling the cup from the ladle, she asked the Knight (who was one who had returned from the Dead) to whom she should give the cup. He answered "To Conn": the question was then repeated time after time, and the Phantom-Prince named all the kings in succession who should after Conn inherit the sovereignty of Tara." CONN AND BECUMA. "Becuma Cnes gel, or Becuma of the "fair body", wife of a celebrated Tuatha Dé Danann personage, Labrad of the "quick-hand-at-sword", having committed adultery with Gaiar, one of the sons of Manannan Mac Lir, is condemned by the latter to be burnt or banished. His council having recommended the more lenient alternative, Becuma is placed in a boat and sent adrift alone on the sea. She succeeds, however, in reaching the Hill of Howth, where she finds the monarch of Eriu, Conn of the "Hundred Battles", in great grief for the loss of his wife Eithne, who had recently died. Assuming the name of Deilbh Caemh, or "the comely form", and representing herself as the daughter of a certain Morgan, a British prince, she induces Conn to marry her. During her first year's residence at Tara a blight comes on the country, and there is dearth of corn and milk. The druids, on being consulted, assign as the cause of the blight the crime of Conn's wife, and that it could only be removed by slaying the son of an undefiled couple, or in other words the son of a virgin wife, and sprinkling his blood on the doorposts and land of Tara. Conn accordingly goes in search of such a youth, and after wandering over the sea, he comes to an island where he finds one. By false representations he induces him to accompany him to Ireland, and his parents to sanction his journey. As the youth is about to be slain, a cow with two bellies, followed by the mother of the boy wailing, appears on the scene. The woman recommends that the cow should be killed instead of the boy, and its blood sprinkled on the doorposts of Tara, which was accordingly done."
   
6. Title: The History Files
   Publication: Name: https://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsBritain/GaelsConnacht.htm;
   Note: AD 116 High King Conn Cétchathach is, in English, Conn 'of the Hundred Battles'. This second century AD king is the main subject in the earliest surviving list of Irish high kings which appears in the Baile Chuind (The Ecstasy of Conn). This late seventh century poem depicts Conn experiencing a vision of the kings who will succeed him. The list is a mishmash of later tradition, real names, and individuals who remain unidentified. He is also claimed as the ancestor of the Uí Neill and Connachta dynasties, the latter bearing his name.