Quintus Servilius Caepio Consul of Rome

• Preferred Name: Quintus Servilius Caepio Consul of Rome^{[1] [2] [3]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• FSID: LK5N-L7H
  
• Death: ABT 90 BC in Smyrna, Asia Minor at LATI: N0 LONG: E0 with note: Convicted of "loss of his army" and exiled to Asia where he spent the rest of his life.
  
• Occupation: Consul of Rome106 BC
  
• Birth: ABT 150 BC in Roma, Roman Republic at LATI: N1.9 LONG: E2.4833
  
• Occupation: Proconsul of Cisalpine Gaul105 BC
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Wikipedia
  
  Quintus Servilius Caepio was a Roman statesman and general, consul in 106 BC, and proconsul of Cisalpine Gaul in 105 BC. He was the father of Quintus Servilius Caepio and the grandfather of Servilia.
  
  Consulship and Arausio
  During his consulship in 106 BC, he passed a controversial law, with the help of the famous orator Lucius Licinius Crassus, by which the jurymen were again to be chosen from the senators instead of the equites.[1][2][3][4] However, it appears this law was overturned by a law of Gaius Servilius Glaucia in either 104 or 101 BC.
  
  After his consulship, he was assigned to Gaul, where he captured the town of Tolosa, ancient Toulouse. There, he found some 50 thousand bars of gold and 10 thousand bars of silver which were legendarily stolen from the temple of Delphi by the Sordisci in the Gallic invasion of the Balkans in 279 BC.[5] The riches of Tolosa were shipped back to Rome, but only the silver made it; the gold was stolen by a band of marauders, who were rumoured to have been hired by Caepio himself.[5] The Gold of Tolosa was never found, and was said to have been passed all the way down to the last heir of the Servilii Caepiones, Marcus Junius Brutus.[citation needed]
  
  During the southern migration of the Cimbri in 105 BC, Caepio was assigned an army to defeat the migrating tribe. Also tasked to defeat the Cimbri was the consul for that year, Gnaeus Mallius Maximus, who was a novus homo ("new man").[6] While the sitting consul outranked Caepio, Caepio refused to cooperate with the consul and his army.[6] Leading one of the two Roman armies into the Battle of Arausio, this refusal to cooperate with his superior officer, led to the destruction of both armies. Caepio refused to camp with Maximus and his troops; when the battle began, both Roman armies were overrun and defeated by the massively numerically superior Cimbri force, resulting in the deaths of some 60 to 80 thousand Roman soldiers.[7]
  
  Exile
  Upon his return to Rome, Caepio was stripped of his proconsulship by the Assembly.[8] A law proposed by Lucius Cassius Longinus stripped any person of his seat in the Senate if he had had his imperium revoked by the Senate. Based on this law, Caepio was stripped of his seat in the Senate.[8] Then, he was tried in the courts for the theft of the Tolosa gold, but with many senators on the jury, he was acquitted.[8]
  
  He was then tried for "the loss of his army" by two tribunes of the plebs, Gaius Norbanus and Lucius Appuleius Saturninus. Despite being defended by the orator Lucius Licinius Crassus, Caepio was convicted,[9] and was given the harshest sentence allowable: he was stripped of his citizenship, forbidden fire and water within eight hundred miles of Rome, nominally fined 15,000 talents (about 825,000 lb) of gold, and forbidden to see or speak to his friends or family until he had left for exile. The huge fine — which greatly exceeded the amount in the Roman treasury — was never collected.
  
  Two versions detail what happened thereafter: according to one, Caepio died in prison and his body, mangled by the executioner, was put on display on the Gemonian steps; however, according to the more commonly accepted version, he spent the rest of his life in exile in Smyrna in Asia Minor.[9] Historian Timagenes claimed that he was survived only by his daughters, if true, he must have passed after 90 BC since that was when his son Quintus was killed.[10]
  
  Family
  Caepio was likely married to a Caecilia Metella whom he had three children with, a son named Quintus Servilius Caepio as well as at least two daughters Servilia, the wife of Catulus and Servilia, the wife of Marcus Livius Drusus.[11] His wife may have been a daughter of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus.[12]

1. Quintus Servilius Caepio Third of Rome, b. 170 BC     d. in Rome, Roma, Lazio, Italy
2. Servilia Caepia , b. 120 BC in BC, Roma, Roma, Lazio, Italy    

1. Title: Web: Netherlands, GenealogieOnline Trees Index, 1000-2015
   Publication: Name: http://search.ancestry.com/collections/9289/records/25956936;
   
2. Title: Wikipedia - Quintus Servilius Caepio
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintus_Servilius_Caepio;
   
3. Title: Wikipedia - the Battle of Arausio
   Author: Gilman, Arthur; The Story of Rome From the Earliest Times to the End of the Republic Livy; Book LXVII Granius Licinianus; pages 11-12 Mommsen, Theodor; The History of Rome, Book IV
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Arausio;
   Note: Battle of Arausio Part of the Cimbrian War The migrations of the Cimbri and the Teutons. L Roman victories. W Cimbri and Teutons victories. The migrations of the Cimbri and the Teutons. Battle Roman victories. Battle Cimbri and Teutons victories. Date 6 October[1] 105 BC Location Arausio, on the Rhône River, France Result Cimbrian and Teutonic victory Belligerents Cimbri Teutones Roman Republic Commanders and leaders King Boiorix King Teutobod Quintus Servilius Caepio Gnaeus Mallius Maximus Strength About 200,000 80,000 troops (10–12 legions) up to 40,000 auxiliaries and camp followers Total: ca. 120,000 Casualties and losses 15,000 killed 80,000 killed[2][3][4] or up to 120,000 killed if support troops and camp followers included[5][6] hidevte Cimbrian War Noreia Burdigala Arausio Tridentum Aquae Sextiae Vercellae The Battle of Arausio took place on 6 October 105 BC, at a site between the town of Arausio (now Orange, Vaucluse), and the Rhône River. Ranged against the migratory tribes of the Cimbri under Boiorix and the Teutoni under Teutobod were two Roman armies, commanded by the proconsul Quintus Servilius Caepio and consul Gnaeus Mallius Maximus. However, bitter differences between the commanders prevented the Roman armies from co-operating, with devastating results. The terrible defeat gave Gaius Marius the opportunity to come to the fore and make radical reforms to the organisation and the recruitment of Roman legions. Roman losses are described as being up to 80,000 troops as well as another 40,000 auxiliary troops (allies) and servants and camp followers, virtually all of their participants in the battle. In terms of losses, the battle is regarded as one of the worst defeats in the history of ancient Rome.[7] ..As the consul of the year, Maximus out-ranked Caepio and therefore should by law have been the senior commander of the combined armies. However, because Maximus was a novus homo and therefore lacked the noble background of the Roman aristocracy – in addition to his military inexperience – Caepio refused to serve under him and made camp on the opposite side of the river. The initial contact between the two forces occurred when a detached picketing group under the legate Marcus Aurelius Scaurus met an advance party of the Cimbri. The Roman force was completely overwhelmed and the legate was captured and brought before king Boiorix. Scaurus was not humbled by his capture and advised Boiorix to turn back before his people were destroyed by the Roman forces. The king of the Cimbri was indignant at this impudence and had Scaurus executed. Caepio, however, only crossed the river after a direct order from the Senate, but even then insisted on having a separate camp and ignored orders from Mallius. According to Mommsen, Caepio was presumably motivated into action by the thought that Maximus might be successful in negotiations and claim all the credit for a successful outcome; he launched a unilateral attack on the Cimbri camp on 6 October.[8] However, Caepio's force was annihilated because of the hasty nature of the assault and the tenacity of Cimbri defence. The Cimbri were also able to ransack Caepio's camp, which had been left practically undefended. Caepio himself escaped from the battle unhurt. With a great boost in confidence from an easy victory, the Cimbri then proceeded to destroy the force commanded by Maximus. Already at a low ebb due to the infighting of the commanders, this Roman force had also witnessed the complete destruction of their colleagues. In other circumstances the army might have fled, but the poor positioning of the camp left them with their backs to the river. Many tried to escape in that direction, but crossing the river would have been difficult encumbered with armor. The number of Romans who managed to escape were very few. This includes the servants and camp followers, who usually numbered at least half as many again as the actual troops. Though the actual casualty figure remains debated, Livy claims that the total number of Roman casualties (not including camp followers or other non-combatants) amounted to 80,000. Mommsen claims that besides the 80,000 Roman soldiers, half as many of the auxiliaries and camp-followers perished. Upon his return to Rome, Caepio was stripped of his proconsulship by the Assembly.[8] A law proposed by Lucius Cassius Longinus stripped any person of his seat in the Senate if he had had his imperium revoked by the Senate. Based on this law, Caepio was stripped of his seat in the Senate.[8] Then, he was tried in the courts for the theft of the Tolosa gold, but with many senators on the jury, he was acquitted.[8] He was then tried for "the loss of his army" by two tribunes of the plebs, Gaius Norbanus and Lucius Appuleius Saturninus. Despite being defended by the orator Lucius Licinius Crassus, Caepio was convicted,[9] and was given the harshest sentence allowable: he was stripped of his citizenship, forbidden fire and water within eight hundred miles of Rome, nominally fined 15,000 talents (about 825,000 lb) of gold, and forbidden to see or speak to his friends or family until he had left for exile. The huge fine — which greatly exceeded the amount in the Roman treasury — was never collected. Two versions detail what happened thereafter: according to one, Caepio died in prison and his body, mangled by the executioner, was put on display on the Gemonian steps; however, according to the more commonly accepted version, he spent the rest of his life in exile in Smyrna in Asia Minor.[9] Historian Timagenes claimed that he was survived only by his daughters, if true, he must have passed after 90 BC since that was when his son Quintus was killed.[10]