Ptolemy I Soter of Egypt, 1st Pharaoh of Ptolemaic Dynasty

• Preferred Name: Ptolemy I Soter of Egypt, 1st Pharaoh of Ptolemaic Dynasty^[1]
  
• Gender: M
  
• MilitaryService: General under Alexander the Great: Ptolemy served with Alexander from his first campaigns, and was among the seven somatophylakes (bodyguards) of Alexander. He played a principal part in the later campaigns in Afghanistan and India.[6] He participated in the Battle of Issus, commanding troops on the left wing under the authority of Parmenion. Later he accompanied Alexander during his journey to the Oracle in the Siwa Oasis where he was proclaimed a son of Zeus.[7] Ptolemy had his first independent command during the campaign against the rebel Bessus whom his own guards captured and handed over to Ptolemy, who then handed him over to Alexander for execution.[8]
  
• Library Builder: in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt at LATI: N1.1918 LONG: E9.9137 with note: Description: Authorized the Library at Alexandria
  
• Clan Name: with note: Description: Ptolemaic dynasty
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Satrap of EgyptBET 323 BC AND 305 BC in Egypt at LATI: N7 LONG: E0
  
• Death: JAN 281 BC in Alexandria, Egypt at LATI: N1 LONG: E9.75
  
• FSID: MLW8-XTH
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: founder and 1st Pharaoh of the Ptolemaic KingdomBET 304 BC AND 282 BC with note:
  
• Birth: 367 BC in Pella, Macedonia, Greece at LATI: N0.8998 LONG: E2.089 with note:
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  +++PLEASE DO NOT MERGE PROFILES OR CHANGE INFO WITHOUT RELIABLE SOURCES- THANK YOU
  
  Pharaoh and Basileus of the Ptolemaic Kingdom
  Reign : 305/304 – 282 BC (Ptolemaic dynasty)
  Predecessor : Alexander IV
  Successor : Ptolemy II Philadelphus
  
  Consorts :Artakama, Eurydice, Berenice I
  Children :
  With Thaïs (mistress):
  Lagus
  Leontiscus
  Eirene
  
  With Eurydice:
  Ptolemy Keraunos
  Meleager
  Unknown third son
  Ptolemais
  Lysandra
  
  With Berenice I:
  Arsinoe II
  Philotera
  Ptolemy II Philadelphus
  
  Father : Lagus or Philip II of Macedon
  Mother : Arsinoe
  Born : c. 367 BC at. Possibly Pella Macedon
  Died : January 282 BC (aged 84–85) at Alexandria, Egypt
  
  === General ===
  He was a general under Alexandra the Great. Ptolemy I became the ruler of Egypt. (323-283 BC). The use of the title Pharaoh was often situational. With egyptians audience, it was Pharaoh, with Greek, it was Basileus.
  
  === FIRST KING OF EGYPT. HE WAS ALEXANDER TH ===
  FIRST KING OF EGYPT. HE WAS ALEXANDER THE GREAT'S GENERAL AS WELL AS NEPHEW. PHARAOH IN 305/04 AND DEIFIED.

• m. ABT 322 BC

1. Ptolemais bar Ptolmey I I, b. 309 BC in Egypt     d. 29 JAN 246 BC
2. Lysandra Queen of Macedonia, b. 312 BC     d. AFT 281 BC

1. Arsinoe Philadelphos Queen of Thrace and Egypt II, b. 316 BC in Memphis, Egypt     d. 270 BC in Egypt
2. Philadelphus II Ptolemy of Egypt, b. ABT 282 BC in Egypt     d. BEF 29 JAN 246

• m. APR 324 BC in Susa, Elam, Persia

1. Title: Wikipedia - Ptolemy I Soter
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy_I_Soter;
   Note: Ptolemy I Pharaoh of the Ptolemaic Kingdom Reign 305/304 – 282 BC (Ptolemaic dynasty - founder) Predecessor Alexander IV Successor Ptolemy II Philadelphus Royal titulary Consort Thaïs Artakama Eurydice Berenice Children (at least 12) Ptolemy Keraunos Meleager Arsinoe II Philotera Lysandra Ptolemy II Philadelphus Berenice Eirene Lagus Leontiscus Ptolemais Father Lagus Mother Arsinoe of Macedon Born c. 367 BC Pella, Macedon, Greece Died January 282 BC (aged 84–85) Alexandria, Ptolemaic Kingdom Ptolemy I Soter (/ˈtɒləmi/; Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Σωτήρ, Ptolemaîos Sōtḗr "Ptolemy the Savior"; c. 367 BC – January 282 BC) was a Macedonian Greek[1] general, historian and companion of Alexander the Great from the Kingdom of Macedon in northern Greece who became ruler of Egypt, part of Alexander's former empire. Ptolemy was pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt from 305/304 BC[2] to his death. He was the founder of the Ptolemaic dynasty, which ruled Egypt until the death of Cleopatra in 30 BC, turning the country into a Hellenistic kingdom and Alexandria into a center of Greek culture. Ptolemy I was the son of Arsinoe of Macedon by either her husband Lagus or Philip II of Macedon, the father of Alexander. However, the latter is unlikely and may be a myth fabricated to glorify the Ptolemaic Dynasty.[3] Ptolemy was one of Alexander's most trusted companions and military officers. After the death of Alexander in 323 BC, Ptolemy retrieved his body as it was en route to be buried in Macedon, placing it in Memphis instead, where it was later moved to Alexandria in a new tomb. Afterwards he joined a coalition against Perdiccas, the royal regent over Philip III of Macedon. The latter invaded Egypt but was assassinated by his own officers in 320 BC, allowing Ptolemy I to consolidate his control over the country. After a series of wars between Alexander's successors, Ptolemy gained a claim to Judea in southern Syria, which was disputed with the Syrian king Seleucus I. He also took control of Cyprus and Cyrenaica, the latter of which was placed under the control of Ptolemy's stepson Magas. Ptolemy also had the Library of Alexandria built. Ptolemy I may have married Thaïs, his mistress during the life of Alexander; he is known to have married the Persian noblewoman Artakama on Alexander's orders. He later married Eurydice, daughter of the Macedonian regent Antipater; their sons Ptolemy Keraunos and Meleager ruled in turn as kings of Macedon. Ptolemy's final marriage was to Eurydice's cousin and lady-in-waiting, Berenice I. Ptolemy I died in 282 BC and was succeeded by his son with Berenice, Ptolemy II. Early life and career A Greek Macedonian,[1] Ptolemy was born in 367 BC.[4] Ptolemy's mother was Arsinoe. According to Satyrus the Peripatetic, Arsinoe was a descendant of Alexander I of Macedon and thus a member of the Argead dynasty, claiming ultimate descent from Heracles. Ostensibly, Ptolemy's father was Lagus, a Macedonian nobleman from Eordaea, but many ancient sources claim that he was actually an illegitimate son of Philip II of Macedon. If true, this would have made Ptolemy the half-brother of Alexander the Great. It is probable that this is a later myth fabricated to glorify the Ptolemaic dynasty.[5] Ptolemy served with Alexander from his first campaigns, and was among the seven somatophylakes (bodyguards) of Alexander. He played a principal part in the later campaigns in Afghanistan and India.[6] He participated in the Battle of Issus, commanding troops on the left wing under the authority of Parmenion. Later he accompanied Alexander during his journey to the Oracle in the Siwa Oasis where he was proclaimed a son of Zeus.[7] Ptolemy had his first independent command during the campaign against the rebel Bessus whom his own guards captured and handed over to Ptolemy, who then handed him over to Alexander for execution.[8] Successor of Alexander When Alexander died in 323 BC, Ptolemy is said to have instigated the settlement of the empire made at Babylon. Through the Partition of Babylon, he was appointed satrap of Egypt, under the nominal kings Philip III and the infant Alexander IV; the former satrap, the Greek Cleomenes, stayed on as his deputy. Ptolemy quickly moved, without authorization, to subjugate Cyrenaica.[6] By custom, kings in Macedonia asserted their right to the throne by burying their predecessor. Probably because he wanted to pre-empt Perdiccas, the imperial regent, from staking his claim in this way, Ptolemy took great pains in acquiring the body of Alexander the Great. On his deathbed, Alexander wished to be buried at the Temple of Zeus Ammon in the Siwa Oasis of ancient Libya instead of the royal tombs of Aigai in Macedon.[9] However, his successors including Perdiccas attempted to bury his body in Macedon instead. In late 322 or early 321 BC, Alexander's body was in Syria, on its way to Macedon, when it was captured by Ptolemy I. He brought Alexander's remains back to Egypt, interring them at Memphis, but they were later moved to Alexandria where a tomb was constructed for them.[10] Shortly after this event, Ptolemy openly joined the coalition against Perdiccas. Perdiccas appears to have suspected Ptolemy of aiming for the throne himself, and may have decided that Ptolemy was his most dangerous rival. Ptolemy executed Cleomenes for spying on behalf of Perdiccas; this removed the chief check on his authority, and allowed Ptolemy to obtain the huge sum that Cleomenes had accumulated.[11] Rivalry and wars In 321 BC, Perdiccas attempted to invade Egypt, only to fall at the hands of his own men.[12] Ptolemy's decision to defend the Nile against Perdiccas ended in fiasco for Perdiccas, with the loss of 2,000 men. This failure was a fatal blow to Perdiccas' reputation, and he was murdered in his tent by two of his subordinates. Ptolemy immediately crossed the Nile, to provide supplies to what had the day before been an enemy army. Ptolemy was offered the regency in place of Perdiccas; but he declined.[13] Ptolemy was consistent in his policy of securing a power base, while never succumbing to the temptation of risking all to succeed Alexander.[14] In the long wars that followed between the different Diadochi, Ptolemy's first goal was to hold Egypt securely, and his second was to secure control in the outlying areas: Cyrenaica and Cyprus, as well as Syria, including the province of Judea. His first occupation of Syria was in 318, and he established at the same time a protectorate over the petty kings of Cyprus. When Antigonus I, master of Asia in 315, showed expansionist ambitions, Ptolemy joined the coalition against him, and on the outbreak of war, evacuated Syria. In Cyprus, he fought the partisans of Antigonus, and re-conquered the island (313). A revolt in Cyrene was crushed the same year.[6] In 312, Ptolemy and Seleucus, the fugitive satrap of Babylonia, both invaded Syria, and defeated Demetrius I, the son of Antigonus, in the Battle of Gaza. Again he occupied Syria, and again—after only a few months, when Demetrius had won a battle over his general, and Antigonus entered Syria in force—he evacuated it. In 311, a peace was concluded between the combatants. Soon after this, the surviving 13-year-old king, Alexander IV, was murdered in Macedonia on the orders of Cassander, leaving the satrap of Egypt absolutely his own master.[6] The peace did not last long, and in 309 Ptolemy personally commanded a fleet which detached the coastal towns of Lycia and Caria from Antigonus, then crossed into Greece, where he took possession of Corinth, Sicyon and Megara (308 BC). In 306, a great fleet under Demetrius attacked Cyprus, and Ptolemy's brother Menelaus was defeated and captured in another decisive Battle of Salamis. Ptolemy's complete loss of Cyprus followed.[6] The satraps Antigonus and Demetrius now each assumed the title of king; Ptolemy, as well as Cassander, Lysimachus and Seleucus I Nicator, responded by doing the same. In the winter of 306 BC, Antigonus tried to follow up his victory in Cyprus by invading Egypt; but Ptolemy was strongest there, and successfully held the frontier against him. Ptolemy led no further overseas expeditions against Antigonus.[15] However, he did send great assistance to Rhodes when it was besieged by Demetrius (305/304). The Rhodians granted divine honors to Ptolemy as a result of the lifting of the siege.[16] When the coalition against Antigonus was renewed in 302, Ptolemy joined it, and invaded Syria a third time, while Antigonus was engaged with Lysimachus in Asia Minor. On hearing a report that Antigonus had won a decisive victory there, he once again evacuated Syria. But when the news came that Antigonus had been defeated and slain by Lysimachus and Seleucus at the Battle of Ipsus in 301, he occupied Syria a fourth time.[15] The other members of the coalition had assigned all Syria to Seleucus, after what they regarded as Ptolemy's desertion, and for the next hundred years, the question of the ownership of southern Syria (i.e., Judea) produced recurring warfare between the Seleucid and Ptolemaic dynasties. Henceforth, Ptolemy seems to have involved himself as little as possible in the rivalries between Asia Minor and Greece; he lost what he held in Greece, but reconquered Cyprus in 295/294.