Cleópatra Princess of Syria, Queen of Egypt I

• Preferred Name: Cleópatra Princess of Syria, Queen of Egypt I^{[1] [2] [3]}
  
• Alternate Name: Cleopatra Also
  
• Gender: F
  
• Birth: 218 BC in Rome, Roma, Lazio, Italy at LATI: N1.9051 LONG: E2.4971 with note: GEDCOM data
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Princess of the Seleucid Empire
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Queen of Ptolemaic EgyptBET 193 BC AND 176 BC with note: Wikiwand: Cleopatra I Syria
  
• FSID: 9CZ5-88Z
  
• Death: 176 BC (aged 42) in Alexandria, Egypt at LATI: N1 LONG: E9.75
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Cleopatra I was the daughter of Antiochus III the Great, King of the Seleucid Empire, and Queen Laodice III.
  
  Queen
  In 197 BC, Antiochus III had captured a number of cities in Asia Minor previously under the control of the Ptolemaic kingdom of Egypt. The Romans supported the Egyptian interests, when they negotiated with the Seleucid king in Lysimachia in 196 BC. In response, Antiochus III indicated his willingness to make peace with Ptolemy V and to have his daughter Cleopatra I marry Ptolemy V. They were betrothed in 195 BC and their marriage took place in 193 BC in Raphia.[4] At that time Ptolemy V was about 16 years and Cleopatra I about 10 years old. Later on, Egypt's Ptolemaic kings were to argue that Cleopatra I had received Coele-Syria as her dowry and, therefore, this territory again belonged to Egypt. It is not clear if this was the case. However, in practice, Coele-Syria remained a Seleucid possession after the Battle of Panium in 198 BC.[5]
  
  In Alexandria, Cleopatra I was called the Syrian.[6] As part of the Ptolemaic cult she was honoured with her husband as Theoi Epiphaneis. In line with ancient Egyptian tradition, she was also named adelphe (= sister) of Ptolemy V. A synod of priests held at Memphis in 185 BC transferred all honours that Ptolemy V had received in 196 BC (written on the Rosetta stone) to his wife. In 187 BC, Cleopatra I was appointed vizier.
  
  Queen Regent
  Upon her husband's death in 180 BC, she ruled on behalf of her young son, Ptolemy VI. She was the first Ptolemaic queen to rule without her husband. This can be concluded from date formulas on the papyri written in the years from 179 BC to 176 BC, where Cleopatra I is called Thea Epiphanes and her name is written before that of her son. She also minted her own coins, which also bear her name before that of her son.
  
  On June 22, 2010, archaeologists uncovered a gold coin bearing her image at Tel Kedesh in Israel near the Lebanon border. It was reported to be the heaviest and most valuable gold coin ever found in Israel.[7]
  
  Just before his death, Ptolemy V had planned to conduct a war against the Seleucid kingdom but when Cleopatra I became sole ruler, she immediately ended the war preparations directed against her brother Seleucus IV Philopator.
  
  Cleopatra I died around 176 BC. The year after her death, her son Ptolemy VI and her daughter Cleopatra II married.

1. Ptolemy VIII Physcon, b. 184 BC in Alexandria, Egypt     d. 28 JUN 116 BC in Alexandria, Egypt
2. Ptolemy VI Philometor, b. 186 BC in Alexandria, Egypt     d. 0145 BC (aged 41) in Alexandria, Egypt
3. Cleopatra II Epiphines, b. 185 BC in Alexandria, Egypt     d. 6 April 0116 BC (aged 69) in Alexandria, Egypt

1. Title: Wikipedia-Cleopatra I of Syria
   Note: Cleopatra I Syra (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα ἡ Σύρα; c. 204 – 176 BC) was a princess of the Seleucid Empire, Queen of Ptolemaic Egypt by marriage to Ptolemy V of Egypt, and regent of Egypt during the minority of their son, Ptolemy VI, from her husband’s death in 180 BC until her own death in 176 BC. Life Cleopatra I was the daughter of Antiochus III the Great, King of the Seleucid Empire, and Queen Laodice III. Queen In 197 BC, Antiochus III had captured a number of cities in Asia Minor previously under the control of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt. The Romans supported the Egyptian interests, when they negotiated with the Seleucid king in Lysimachia in 196 BC. In response, Antiochus III indicated his willingness to make peace with Ptolemy V and to have his daughter Cleopatra I marry Ptolemy V. They were betrothed in 195 BC and their marriage took place in 193 BC in Raphia.[4] At that time Ptolemy V was about 16 years and Cleopatra I about 10 years old. Later on, Egypt's Ptolemaic kings were to argue that Cleopatra I had received Coele-Syria as her dowry and, therefore, this territory again belonged to Egypt. It is not clear if this was the case. However, in practice, Coele-Syria remained a Seleucid possession after the Battle of Panium in 198 BC.[5] In Alexandria, Cleopatra I was referred to as the Syrian.[6] As part of the Ptolemaic cult she was honoured with her husband as Theoi Epiphaneis. In line with ancient Egyptian tradition of sibling marriage, she was also named sister (Ancient Greek: ἀδελφή, adelphḗ) of Ptolemy V. A synod of priests held at Memphis in 185 BC granted Cleopatra all the honours that had been given to Ptolemy V in 196 BC (inscribed on the bilingual Greek-Egyptian Rosetta stone). Queen Regent[edit] Ptolemy V died unexpectedly in September 180 BC, at the age of only 30. Cleopatra I's son, Ptolemy VI, who was only six years old, was immediately crowned king, with Cleopatra as co-regent. She was the first Ptolemaic queen to rule without her husband. In documents from this period, Cleopatra is named Thea Epiphanes and her name appears before Ptolemy. Coins were minted under the joint authority of her and her son.[7] Just before his death, Ptolemy V had been planning a new war against the Seleucid kingdom, but Cleopatra immediately ended the war preparations and pursued a peaceful policy, because of her own Seleucid roots and because a war would have threatened her hold on power.[8][9] Cleopatra probably died in late 178 or early 177 BC, though some scholars place her death in late 176 BC.[10] On her deathbed, Cleopatra appointed Eulaeus and Lenaeus, two of her close associates as regents. Eulaeus, a eunuch, who had been the Ptolemy's tutor. Lenaeus was a Syrian slave who had probably come to Egypt as part of Cleopatra's retinue when she got married.[11] The pair were unable or unwilling to prevent the deterioration of relations with the Seleucid kingdom which culminated in the disastrous Sixth Syrian War. Issue Cleopatra and Ptolemy V had three children:[12][10]
   
2. Title: Wikiwand: Cleopatra I Syra
   Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Cleopatra_I_Syra;
   Note: Cleopatra I Syra Queen of Egypt Royal titulary Horus name Hunu Zatheqa Iretenheqa Mereneterubaqet Kheqerenshenemu Tatetzat Huti Werpehti Sehertawi Redinesnebetirekhitenneferu Qenisinetnebzau Tenisiathoremmeruts The young girl, daughter of the ruler, created by the ruler, beloved of the Gods of Egypt, adorned by Khnum, the regent of Thoth whose might is great, who pleases the two Lands, who gives the people in perfection to the Two Ladies, who Neith, the Lady of Sais, makes strong, who Hathor praises for her popularity. Born c. 204 BC Died 176 BC or 178/177 BC Spouse Ptolemy V of Egypt Issue Ptolemy VI of Egypt Ptolemy VIII Physcon Cleopatra II of Egypt Dynasty Ptolemaic Father Antiochus III the Great Mother Laodice III Cleopatra I Syra (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Σύρα; c. 204 – 176 BC) was a princess of the Seleucid Empire, Queen of Ptolemaic Egypt by marriage to Ptolemy V of Egypt, and regent of Egypt during the minority of their son, Ptolemy VI, from her husband’s death in 180 BC until her own death in 176 BC. Life Cleopatra I was the daughter of Antiochus III the Great, King of the Seleucid Empire, and Queen Laodice III. Queen In 197 BC, Antiochus III had captured a number of cities in Asia Minor previously under the control of the Ptolemaic kingdom of Egypt. The Romans supported the Egyptian interests, when they negotiated with the Seleucid king in Lysimachia in 196 BC. In response, Antiochus III indicated his willingness to make peace with Ptolemy V and to have his daughter Cleopatra I marry Ptolemy V. They were betrothed in 195 BC and their marriage took place in 193 BC in Raphia. At that time Ptolemy V was about 16 years and Cleopatra I about 10 years old. Later on, Egypt's Ptolemaic kings were to argue that Cleopatra I had received Coele-Syria as her dowry and, therefore, this territory again belonged to Egypt. It is not clear if this was the case. However, in practice, Coele-Syria remained a Seleucid possession after the Battle of Panium in 198 BC. In Alexandria, Cleopatra I was called the Syrian. As part of the Ptolemaic cult she was honoured with her husband as Theoi Epiphaneis. In line with ancient Egyptian tradition, she was also named adelphe (= sister) of Ptolemy V. A synod of priests held at Memphis in 185 BC transferred all honours that Ptolemy V had received in 196 BC (written on the Rosetta stone) to his wife. In 187 BC, Cleopatra I was appointed vizier. Regent Upon her husband's death in 180 BC, she ruled on behalf of her young son, Ptolemy VI. She was the first Ptolemaic queen to rule without her husband. This can be concluded from date formulas on the papyri written in the years from 179 BC to 176 BC, where Cleopatra I is called Thea Epiphanes and her name is written before that of her son. She also minted her own coins, which also bear her name before that of her son. On June 22, 2010, archaeologists uncovered a gold coin bearing her image at Tel Kedesh in Israel near the Lebanon border. It was reported to be the heaviest and most valuable gold coin ever found in Israel. Just before his death, Ptolemy V had planned to conduct a war against the Seleucid kingdom but when Cleopatra I became sole ruler, she immediately ended the war preparations directed against her brother Seleucus IV Philopator. Cleopatra I died around 176 BC. The year after her death, her son Ptolemy VI and her daughter Cleopatra II married. Issue She and Ptolemy V had at least three children: Ptolemy VI born in 186 BC Cleopatra II born ca 187 – 185 BC Ptolemy VIII born ca 184 BC
   
3. Title: Wikiwand: List of pharaohs
   Author: J. H. Breasted, History of Egypt from the Earliest Time to the Persian Conquest, 1909J. Cerny, 'Egypt from the Death of Ramesses III to the End of the Twenty-First Dynasty' in The Middle East and the Aegean Region c.1380–1000 BC, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-08691-4Clayton, Peter A. (1995). Chronicle of the Pharaohs: The Reign-by-Reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt. The Chronicles Series (Reprinted ed.). London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-05074-3.
   Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/List_of_pharaohs;
   Note: This article contains a list of the pharaohs of Ancient Egypt, from the Early Dynastic Period before 3100 BC through to the end of the Ptolemaic Dynasty, when Egypt became a province of Rome under Caesar Augustus in 30 BC. Note that the dates given are approximate. The list of pharaohs presented below is based on the conventional chronology of Ancient Egypt, mostly based on the Digital Egypt for Universities database developed by the Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, but alternative dates taken from other authorities may be indicated separately. Ancient Egyptian king lists Modern lists of pharaohs are based on historical records: Ancient Egyptian king lists and later histories, such as Manetho's Aegyptiaca, as well as archaeological evidence. Concerning ancient sources, Egyptologists and Historians alike call for caution about the credibility, exactitude and completeness of these sources, many of which were written long after the reigns they report. An additional problem is that ancient king lists are often damaged, inconsistent with one another and/or selective. The following ancient king lists are known (along with the dynasty under which they were created): Den seal impressions (1st dynasty); found on a cylinder seal in Den's tomb. It lists all 1st dynasty kings from Narmer to Den by their Horus names. Palermo stone (5th dynasty); carved on an olivin-basalt slab. Broken into pieces and thus today incomplete. Giza King List (6th dynasty); painted with red, green and black ink on gypsum and cedar wood. Very selective. South Saqqara Stone (6th dynasty); carved on a black basalt slab. Very selective. Karnak King List (18th dynasty); carved on limestone. Very selective. Abydos King List of Seti I (19th dynasty); carved on limestone. Very detailed, but omitting the First Intermediate Period. Abydos King List of Ramses II (19th dynasty); carved on limestone. Very selective. Saqqara King List (19th dynasty), carved on limestone. Very detailed, but omitting most kings of the 1st dynasty for unknown reasons. Turin King List (19th dynasty); written with red and black ink on papyrus. Most possibly the most complete king list in history, today damaged. Manetho's Aegyptiaca (Greek Period); possibly written on papyrus. The original writings are lost today and many anecdotes assigned to certain kings seem fictitious. Predynastic period Main article: Prehistoric Egypt Lower Egypt Main article: Lower Egypt Lower Egypt geographically consisted of the northern Nile and the Nile delta. The following list may not be complete: Name Image Comments Reign Hsekiu / Seka — Only known from the Palermo stone Unknown Khayu — Only known from the Palermo stone Unknown Tiu / Teyew — Only known from the Palermo stone Unknown Thesh / Tjesh — Only known from the Palermo stone Unknown Neheb — Only known from the Palermo stone Unknown Wazner — Only known from the Palermo stone Ruled around or earlier than 3100 BC Mekh — Only known from the Palermo stone Unknown (destroyed) — Only known from the Palermo stone Unknown Double Falcon May also have ruled in Upper Egypt Naqada III Upper Egypt Main article: Dynasty 00 Regrouped here are predynastic rulers of Upper Egypt belonging to the late Naqada III period, sometimes informally described as Dynasty 00. Name Image Comments Reign Elephant — Naqada III Bull — — Naqada III Scorpion I — — Naqada III Predynastic rulers: Dynasty 0 Main article: Dynasty 0 The following list of predynastic rulers may be incomplete. Since these kings precede the First Dynasty, they have been informally grouped as "Dynasty 0." Name Image Comments Dates Iry-Hor Correct chronological position unclear. Around 3150 BC Crocodile Potentially read Shendjw; identity and existence are disputed. Around 3150 BC Ka Maybe read Sekhen rather than Ka. Correct chronological position unclear. Around 3150 BC Scorpion II Potentially read Serqet; possibly the same person as Narmer. Around 3150 BC Early Dynastic Period Main article: Early Dynastic Period of Egypt The Early Dynastic Period of Egypt stretches from around 3150 to 2686 BC. First Dynasty Main article: First Dynasty of Egypt The First Dynasty ruled from around 3150 to 2890 BC. Name Image Comments Dates Narmer Believed to be the same person as Menes and to have unified Upper and Lower Egypt. Around 3100 BC Hor-Aha Greek form: Athotís. Around 3050 BC Djer Greek form: Uenéphes (after his Gold name In-nebw); His name and titulary appear on the Palermo Stone. His tomb was later thought to be the legendary tomb of Osiris. 54 years Djet Greek form: Usapháis. 10 years Den Greek form: Kénkenes (after the ramesside diction of his birthname: Qenqen). First pharaoh depicted wearing the double crown of Egypt, first pharaoh with a full niswt bity-name. 42 years Anedjib Greek form: Miebidós. Known for his ominous nebwy-title. 10 years Semerkhet Greek form: Semempsés. First Egyptian ruler with a fully developed Nebty name. His complete reign is preserved on the Cairo stone. 8½ years Qa'a Greek form: Bienéches. Ruled very long, his tomb is the last one with subsidiary tombs. 34 years Sneferka Very short reign, correct chronological position unknown. Around 2900 BC Horus Bird Very short reign, correct chronological position unknown. Around 2900 BC Second Dynasty Main article: Second Dynasty of Egypt The Second Dynasty ruled from 2890 to 2686 BC. Name Image Comments Dates Hotepsekhemwy Manetho names him Boëthos and claims that under this ruler an earthquake killed many people. 15 years Nebra Greek form: Kaíechós (after the ramesside cartouche name Kakaw). First ruler who uses the sun-symbol in his royal name, could be identical to king Weneg. 14 years Nynetjer Greek form: Binóthris. May have divided Egypt between his successors, allegedly allowed women to rule like pharaohs. 43–45 years Weneg-Nebty Greek form: Ougotlas/Tlás. Could be an independent ruler or the same as Peribsen, Sekhemib-Perenmaat or Raneb. Around 2740 BC Senedj Greek form: Sethenes. Possibly the same person as Peribsen. This, however, is highly disputed. 47 years (Supposedly) Seth-Peribsen Used a Seth-animal above his serekh rather than an Horus falcon. He promoted the sun-cult in Egypt and reduced the powers of officials, nomarchs and palatines. Some scholars believe that he ruled over a divided Egypt. Around 2890-2686 BC Sekhemib-Perenmaat Could be the same person as Seth-Peribsen. Around 2720 BC Neferkara I Greek form: Néphercherés. Known only from ramesside king lists, not archaeologically attested. 25 years(according to Manetho) Neferkasokar Greek form: Sesóchris. Known only from Ramesside king lists, not archaeologically attested. Old Kingdom legends claim that this ruler saved Egypt from a long lasting drought. 8 years Hudjefa I Known only from ramesside king lists, his "name" is actually a paraphrase pointing out that the original name of the king was already lost in ramesside times. 11 years(According to the Turin Canon) Khasekhem(wy) Greek form: Chenerés. May have reunified Egypt after a period of trouble, his serekh name is unique for presenting both Horus and Set. 18 years Old Kingdom Main article: Old Kingdom of Egypt The Old Kingdom of Egypt is the point of Egypt which succeeded the Early Dynastic Egypt and precedes the troubled First Intermediate Period. The kingdom ruled from 2686 to 2181 BC. Third Dynasty Main article: Third Dynasty of Egypt The Third Dynasty ruled from 2686 to 2613 BC. Name Image Comments Dates Djoser Greek form: Tosórthros. Commissioned the first Pyramid in Egypt, created by chief architect and scribe Imhotep. 19 or 28 years, possibly around 2670 BC. Sekhemkhet Greek form: Tyréis (after the ramesside cartouche name for Sekhemkhet, Teti). In the necropolis of his unfinished step pyramid, the remains of a 2-year old infant were found. 2649–2643 BC Sanakht Greek form: Necheróphes. Could be the same as Nebka; this is disputed amongst scholars. Around 2650 BC Khaba Possibly built an unfinished step pyramid, could be identical with Huni. 2643–2637 BC Huni Greek form: Áches. Could be the same as Qahedjet or Khaba. Possibly built an unfinished step pyramid and several cultic pyramids throughout Egypt. Huni was for a long time credited with the building of the pyramid of Meidum. This, however, is disproved by New Kingdom graffiti that praise king Snofru, not Huni. 2637–2613 BC Fourth Dynasty Main article: Fourth Dynasty of Egypt The Fourth Dynasty ruled from 2613 to 2498 BC. Name Image Comments Dates Sneferu Greek form: Sóris. Reigned 48 years, giving him enough time to build the Meidum Pyramid, the Bent Pyramid and the Red Pyramid. Some scholars believe that he was buried in the Red Pyramid. For a long time it was thought that the Meidum Pyramid was not Sneferu's work, but that of king Huni. Ancient Egyptian documents describe Sneferu as a pious, generous and even accostable ruler. 2613–2589 BC Khufu Greek form: Cheops and Suphis. Built the Great pyramid of Giza. Khufu is depicted as a cruel tyrant by ancient Greek authors, Ancient Egyptian sources however describe him as a generous and pious ruler. He is the main protagonist of the famous Westcar Papyrus. The first imprinted papyri originate from Khufu's reign, which may have made ancient Greek authors believe that Khufu wrote books in attempt to praise the gods. 2589–2566 BC Djedefre Greek form: Rátoises. Some scholars believe he created the Great Sphinx of Giza as a monument for his deceased father. He also created a pyramid at Abu Rawash. However, this pyramid is no longer intact as it is believed the Romans recycled the materials it was made from. 2566–2558 BC Khafre Greek form: Chéphren and Suphis II. His pyramid is the second largest in Giza. Some scholars prefer him as the creator of the Great Sphinx before Djedefra. Ancient Greek authors describe Khafra as likew...