Abia ben Rehoboam, 2nd King of Judah

• Preferred Name: Abia ben Rehoboam, 2nd King of Judah^{[1] [2] [3]}
  
• Alternate Name: Abijah bar Rehoboam
  
• Gender: M
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: 2nd King of Judah or 4th King of IsraelBET 915 BC AND 912 BC with note: Abraham to Paul: A Biblical Chronology, pg 140 1 Kings 15: 1 Now in the eighteenth year of king Jeroboam the son of Nebat reigned Abijam over Judah. 2 Three years reigned he in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Maachah, the daughter of Abishalom.
  
• Death: 912 BC in Jerusalem, Judah, South Kingdom (King's Sepulchre, Jerusalem,South Kingdom) at LATI: N1.7819 LONG: E5.2353 with note: Abraham to Paul: A Biblical Chronology, pg 140
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Rey de Judá0915 AC in Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israyel at LATI: N1.7804 LONG: E5.2177
  
• Birth: 955 BC in Yerushalayim, Israel at LATI: N1.7648 LONG: E4.9948 with note: Kingdom of Juda since about 0995 v. Chr. 955 BC Kingdom of Juda, Palestine
  
• FSID: L2C5-4R8
  
• Burial: 912 BC in King's Sepulchre, Jerusalem, Judah at LATI: N1.3767 LONG: E71.5181 with note: Abraham to Paul: A Biblical Chronology, pg 140
  
• Family: with note: Description: Abijah married fourteen wives, and had 22 sons and 16 daughters This record contains little information: 9CJ4-CQX. There is enough evidence to believe it is the same person as L2C5-4R8.
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: King
  
• Reign of Abijah (Abijam): with note: Description: He began his three-year reign (2 Chr. 12:16; 13:1, 2) with a strenuous but unsuccessful effort to bring back the ten tribes of the northern Kingdom of Israel to their allegiance. Abijah became king of Judah in the 18th year of the reign of Jeroboam. This record contains little information: 9CJ4-CQX. There is enough evidence to believe it is the same person as L2C5-4R8.
  
• Caste: 4th King of the House of David with note: This record contains little information: 9CJ4-CQX. There is enough evidence to believe it is the same person as L2C5-4R8.
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  This Family History Tree is designed by the Rules of the Family History Website familysearch.org :
  Each person is identified by Name, Birthdate and Birthplace.
  Each Wife has a Name, Birthplace and Birthdate.
  Each Family has a Marriage Date and Place.
  Estimations are allowed.
  Wifes may be named after their Husbands plus the Title Mrs.
  Dates and Places have no Red Exclamation Marks.
  Persons have no Red Exclamation Marks also.
  To block persons by writing protection, that they are not able to merge them with Doubles, blocks any Temple Work, because Doubles are not allowed, to avoid double holy Temple work.
  To block persons is a bad prideness. We have to be Saviours.
  It is possible to care during merging, that no information and no alternate name goes lost, to save all the investigation work.
  Also familysearch.org puts entries with a picture to the right side into the main position during merging, that pictures not goes lost.
  
  fue el cuarto rey de la casa de David y el segundo del Reino de Judá. Era hijo de Roboam y Macá,1​ y reinó entre el 915 y el 911 a. C
  
  138 Generations from Adam to Mary 384994 Item 3 pg 59,
  Adam to Christ 1059467 Item 1 tab 32,
  I Kings 14: 2. Inspired Version of Bible I Kings 14: 2
  
  Abijam (Hebrew: אֲבִיָּם‎, Modern: ʼAvīyam, Tiberian: ʼAḇīyyām, "father of the sea" or "my father is the sea"; Biblical Greek: Αβιού, romanized: Aviou; Latin: Abiam)[1] was, according to the Hebrew Bible, the fourth king of the House of David and the second of the Kingdom of Judah. He was the son of Rehoboam and the grandson of Solomon.[2][3][4] The Books of Chronicles refers to him as Abijah.[a][5]
  
  Contents
  1 In the Hebrew Bible
  1.1 Family
  1.2 Reign
  2 Commentaries
  3 Rabbinic literature
  4 Chronological discrepancies
  5 Notes
  6 References
  7 Works cited
  8 Further reading
  In the Hebrew Bible
  Family
  Abijam is reported in the books of Kings and Chronicles as being the son of Maacah or Micaiah, and father of King Asa of Judah. Some scholars believe the biblical accounts of Abijam's family to be contradictory;[6] however, a study of Hebrew linguistics removes any seeming contradictions. One of the alleged contradictions is that Maacah is sometimes described as the daughter of Absalom, and elsewhere the daughter of Uriel. Absalom is described as only having one daughter, Tamar.[7] In Hebrew, "daughter" and "granddaughter" are the same word, removing any contradiction there.[8][9] Similarly, Maacah is initially described as Abijah's mother, but subsequently described as the mother of his son Asa. However, in Hebrew, "mother" and "grandmother" are the same word, once again removing any contradiction.[10] Abijah married fourteen wives, and had 22 sons and 16 daughters.[11]
  
  Reign
  Following the death of Rehoboam, his son Abijah succeeded the throne as King of Judah.[12] He began his three-year reign (2 Chr. 12:16; 13:1, 2) with a strenuous but unsuccessful effort to bring back the ten tribes of the northern Kingdom of Israel to their allegiance, [13] a path which in 2 Chronicles 11:4 his father had chosen not to follow.
  
  Following Abijah's ascension to the throne in the 18th year of King Jeroboam I of Israel, he marched north with the purpose of winning Israel back to the Davidic kingdom.[12] Jeroboam surrounded Abijah's army, engaging in the Battle of Mount Zemaraim.[12] There Abijah rallied his troops with a phrase which has since become famous: "God Himself is with us for a Captain". Abijah went on to capture the Israelite cities of Jeshanah, Ephron (et-Taiyibeh) and Bethel.[12]
  
  Commentaries
  Non-conformist minister Alexander Maclaren considers Abijah "a wiser and better man than his father".[14]
  
  According to the Deuteronomist,[15] "God gave him a lamp in Jerusalem by raising up a son to succeed him" (1 Kings 15:4). The wording in the Septuagint is "the Lord gave him a remnant".[16] Thus the unconditional covenant blessing of YHWH guaranteed his promise to King David, to stabilize the Kingdom of David despite its ruler. The Chronicler also emphasizes YHWH's promise as seen by Abijah's success against every effort by Jeroboam to defeat him:[12]
  
  Judah prevailed because they relied upon the Lord God of their fathers. (2 Chr. 13:18)
  God had given the Kingdom to David and his descendants (1 Chronicles 17:14) by a covenant of salt, meaning, of permanence (cf. Leviticus 2:13).[17]
  
  Rabbinic literature
  Although Abijah took up God's cause against Jeroboam, the idolatrous king of Israel, he was not permitted to enjoy the fruits of his victory over the latter for any considerable time, dying as he did shortly after his campaign (Josephus, "Ant." viii. 11, § 3). The rabbis recount many transgressions committed by Abijah against his fellow men, which resulted in drawing God's vengeance upon him more speedily than upon Jeroboam's idolatries. Thus it is stated that he mutilated the corpses of Jeroboam's soldiers, and even would not permit them to be interred until they had arrived at a state of putrefaction. Nor did Abijah show himself zealous in God's cause after all; for when, by the conquest of Bethel (II Chron. xiii. 19), the golden calves came into his possession, he did not destroy them as the law (Deut. vii. 25) enjoined. The rabbis also point out that it was improper for Abijah to accuse the whole of Israel of idolatry and to proclaim the appointment of Jeroboam as king to have been the work of "vain men, the children of Belial" (II Chron. xiii. 7), since in point of fact it was the prophet Ahijah, the Shilonite, who prophesied that Jeroboam would be king (I Kings, xi. 37). For these reasons Abijah's reign was a short one.[18]
  
  Chronological discrepancies
  According to 2 Chronicles 13:1–2, Abijah became king of Judah in the 18th year of the reign of Jeroboam, and reigned for three years.
  
  William F. Albright has dated his reign to 915–913 BCE.
  
  E. R. Thiele offers the dates 914/913 – 911/910 BCE.[19] As explained in the Rehoboam article, Thiele's chronology for the first kings of Judah contained an internal inconsistency which later scholars corrected by dating these kings one year earlier, so that Abijah's dates are taken as 915/914 to 912/911 BCE in the present article.
  
  Notes
  Hebrew: אֲבִיָּה, ʼAbiyyah, "my father is Yah"; Greek: Αβια; Latin: Abia
  References
  "1 Kings 15:1 Multilingual: Now in the eighteenth year of King Jeroboam the son of Nebat, Abijam began to reign over Judah". mlbible.com.
  Pulkrabek 2007, p. 39.
  Provan, Hubbard & Johnston 2012, p. 189.
  Zucker 2013, p. 194.
  2 Chronicles 13:1–22
  Sweeney 2007, p. 191.
  2 Samuel 14:27.
  "Daughter - Smith's Bible Dictionary". Bible Study Tools. 22 October 2019.
  "Daughter - International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". Bible Study Tools. Retrieved 2019-10-21.
  Strong, James (2010). The New Strong's Expanded Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible. Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4185-4237-5.
  2 Chronicles 13:21
  Merrill 2008, p. 347.
  Easton 1894, p. 6, Abi’jah (5.).
  Maclaren, A., Expositions of Holy Scripture on 2 Chronicles 13, accessed 27 April 2020
  Eerdmans 2000, p. 6, ABIJAH 3..
  "1 Kings 15 Brenton Septuagint Translation". biblehub.com.
  Wycliffe 1962, p. 873.
  Jewish encyclopedia Abijah ‹See TfM›Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  Thiele 1951, p. 81, 82, 217.
  Works cited
  Easton, Matthew George (1894). Illustrated Bible Dictionary (2nd ed.). London: T. Nelson.
  Eerdmans (2000). Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (David Noel Freedman, Allen C. Myers, Astrid B. Beck ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 9780802824004.
  Merrill, Eugene H. (2008). Kingdom of Priests: A History of Old Testament Israel. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic. p. 347. ISBN 9781441217073.
  Provan, I.W.; Hubbard, R.L.; Johnston, R.K. (2012). 1 & 2 Kings. Understanding the Bible Commentary Series. Baker Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-4412-3830-6. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  Pulkrabek, W.W. (2007). Family Trees of the Bible: Family Tree Charts and Genealogical Information of the Main Characters in the Christian Bible. Vantage Press. ISBN 978-0-533-15607-8. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  Sweeney, M.A. (2007). I & II Kings: A Commentary. Old Testament library. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 978-0-664-22084-6.
  Thiele, Edwin R. (1951). The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings (New rev. ed.). Grand Rapids, MI: Kregel Academic.
  Tyndale (2001). Tyndale Bible Dictionary (Walter A. Elwell, Philip Wesley Comfort ed.). Wheaton, Ill.: Tyndale House Publishers. p. 5. ISBN 9780842370899.
  Wycliffe (1962). The Wycliffe Bible Commentary (Charles F. Pfeiffer, Everett F. Harrison ed.). Moody Publishers. ISBN 9781575677163.
  Zucker, D.J. (2013). The Bible's Writings: An Introduction for Christians and Jews. Wipf & Stock Publishers. ISBN 978-1-63087-112-3. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  Further reading
  Lesley, J. P. (1881). "Notes on an Egyptian Element in the Names of the Hebrew Kings". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 19 (108): 412. JSTOR 982265.
  Public Domain McCurdy, J. Frederic; Ginzberg, Louis (1901–1906). "Abijah {entry #3}". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  
  === 2 Chronicles 11:19 ===
  One of the children of Rehoboam and Mahalath, his first wife, who was the daughter of Jerimoth and Abihail.
  
  === Other names known by... ===
  Also Known As: "Abijah", "Abijam", "Abia", "אבים", "אביה", "Abias", "Prophet Zakariyah / Zachary"
  
  === 2⁰ Rei de Judá: 915 a 912 a.c. (3 anos) ===
  1 Rs 15.1-2
  
  === 5750 1 REFN 33966 ===
  5750 1 REFN 33966
  
  === Died when a Child ===
  fell ill and died
  
  === Sua mãe era Maaca (Micaia) ===
  1 Rs 15.2
  
  === Line 18454 from GEDCOM File not recogniz ===
  Line 18454 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BIRT DATE 957 BC Line 18457 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI NOTE II Chronicles, 14, 1: "So Abijah slept with his fathers, and they buried Line 18458 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI NOTE II Chronicles, 14, 1: "So Abijah slept with his fathers, and they buried CONT him in the city of David..." II Chronicles spells his name "Abijah".
  
  === --Other Fields Ref Number: 5750 ===
  --Other Fields Ref Number: 5750

• m. BEF 940 BC

1. bat Abijah, b. ABT 995 BC in Israel    
2. Asa ben Abijah 3rd King of Judea, b. 940 BC in Jerusalem, Judah, South Kingdom     d. 871 BC in Jerusalem, Israel

1. Title: PEDIGREE - Abia, Abijah; 4th King of JUDAH
   Publication: Name: http://fabpedigree.com/s020/f444595.htm;
   
2. Title: Abraham to Paul: A Biblical Chronology; Old Testament dates calculated from date Solomon Temple construction commences. 4th year of Solomons 40 year reign from 972 to 931 BC
   Author: Abraham to Paul: A Biblical Chronology by Andrew Steinmann ISBN: 9780758627995 https://www.cph.org/p-18805-from-abraham-to-paul-a-biblical-chronology.aspx
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Steinmann;
   Note: Author Andrew Steinmann establishes two very strong chronological anchor points in the Old Testament era, from which most of the other Old Testament Chronological dates can be pinned down. One: The date the Solomon temple construction commenced was on: 2 Iyyar 2793 or 26 April 967BC from this he adds the 480 years that 1 Kings 6:1 / 8:2 states said construction was from Israel's exodus from Egypt. Brings us to... Two: 14 Nisan 2314 / 22 March 1446 BC
   Page: Abraham to Paul: A Biblical Chronology, pg 140
   
3. Title: Biblesearchers.com - ROYAL KING DAVID LINE
   Publication: Name: http://www.biblesearchers.com/yahshua/davidian/dynasty6A.shtml;