發 姬

• Preferred Name: 發 姬^{[1] [2] [3]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• Death: 西元前1043年 in 中國 at LATI: N5 LONG: E5
  
• FSID: L2JY-5FM
  
• Birth: 西元前1137年 in 中國陜西省寶雞市岐山縣 at LATI: N4.4433 LONG: E7.6211 with note: 根據維基百科記載，周文王十三歲生長子伯邑孝，十五歲生姬發，而周文王推算出生年份是西元前1152年，故姬發的出生年是西元前1137年。
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  周武王（前1100－前1043），姬姓，周氏，名發，諡武，日名為珷帝日丁。西周創建者，第一代天子，青銅器銘文珷，是西伯昌與太姒的嫡次子。其正妻為邑姜。夏商周斷代工程斷代其在位時間為前1046年至前1043年，《劍橋中國史》推測其在位時間約為前1049年至前1043年。傳統上，周武王同堯、舜、禹、湯和周文王一向為後世儒家人物所尊崇的先秦明君。周武王滅商伐紂後，商遺民的勢力仍然強大，東面又散居著多個部落，地處西方的周難以直接控制他們，於是實行封建制度。
  
  History Files
  http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsFarEast/ChinaDynasties.htm
  The first, short-lived king of Zhou, Wu Wang, created a powerful kingship and the working prototype of a medieval feudal state, but hi
  
  Wikipedia
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Wu_of_Zhou
  
  King Wu of Zhou
  From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  King Wu of Zhou
  周武王
  King Wu
  King Wu painted by Ma Lin
  King of China
  Reign1046–1043 BC
  PredecessorKi
  
  Wikipedia
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Wu_of_Zhou:
  
  King of China
  Reign1046–1043 BC
  PredecessorKing Zhou of Shang
  SuccessorKing Cheng of Zhou
  Died1043 BC
  SpouseYi Jiang (邑姜), daughter of Jiang Ziya
  IssueK
  
  King Wu of Zhou the Hero
  Daji was executed on the orders of King Wu of Zhou after the fall of the Shang dynasty on the advice of Jiang Ziya. The Grand Historian, Sima Qian, only briefly mentions Daji and her execution, that K
  
  === Bio ===
  King Wu of Zhou (Chinese: 周武王; pinyin: Zhōu Wǔ Wáng) was the first king of the Zhou dynasty of ancient China. The chronology of his reign is disputed but is generally thought to have begun around 1046 BC and ended three years later in 1043 BC.
  
  King Wu's ancestral name was Ji (姬) and given name Fa (發). He was the second son of King Wen of Zhou and Queen Taisi. In most accounts, his older brother Bo Yikao was said to have predeceased his father, typically at the hands of King Zhou, the last king of the Shang dynasty; in the Book of Rites, however, it is assumed that his inheritance represented an older tradition among the Zhou of passing over the eldest son.[2] (Fa's grandfather Jili had likewise inherited Zhou despite two older brothers.)
  
  Upon his succession, Fa worked with his father-in-law Jiang Ziya to accomplish an unfinished task: overthrowing the Shang dynasty. In 1048 BC, Fa marched down the Yellow River to the Mengjin ford and met with more than 800 dukes.[citation needed] He constructed an ancestral tablet naming his father Chang King Wen and placed it on a chariot in the middle of the host; considering the timing unpropitious, though, he did not yet attack Shang. In 1046 BC, King Wu took advantage of Shang disunity to launch an attack along with many neighboring dukes. The Battle of Muye destroyed Shang's forces and King Zhou of Shang set his palace on fire, dying within.
  
  King Wu – the name means "Martial" – followed his victory by establishing many feudal states under his 16 younger brothers and clans allied by marriage, but his death three years later provoked several rebellions against his young heir King Cheng and the regent Duke of Zhou, even from three of his brothers.
  
  A burial mound in Zhouling town, Xianyang, Shaanxi was once thought to be King Wu's tomb. It was fitted with a headstone bearing Wu's name in the Qing dynasty. Modern archeology has since concluded that the tomb is not old enough to be from the Zhou dynasty, and is more likely to be that of a Han dynasty royal. The true location of King Wu's tomb remains unknown, but is likely to be in the Xianyang-Xi'an area.
  
  Wu is considered one of the great heroes of China, together with Yellow Emperor and Yu the Great.
  
  Queens:
  
  Yi Jiang, of the Lü lineage of the Jiang clan of Qi (邑姜 姜姓 呂氏), the first daughter of the Great Duke of Qi; the mother of Song and Yu
  Sons:
  
  Prince Song (王子誦; 1060–1020 BC), ruled as King Cheng of Zhou from 1042 to 1021 BC
  Second son, ruled as the Monarch of Yu (邘), the ancestor of the surname Yu (于)
  Third son, Prince Yu (王子虞), ruled as the Marquis of Tang from 1042 BC
  A son who ruled as the Marquis of Ying (應)
  A son who ruled as the Marquis of Han
  Daughters:
  
  First daughter, Da Ji (大姬)
  Married Duke Hu of Chen (1071–986 BC)
  Youngest daughter, personal name Lan (蘭)
  Married Duke Yǐ of Qi (d. 933 BC)
  
  === 周武王(姬發)(？～公元前1043年)周文王姬昌次子。中國周朝第一代帝王。他繼承 ===
  周武王(姬發)(？～公元前1043年)周文王姬昌次子。中國周朝第一代帝王。他繼承父親遺志，於公元前11世紀消滅殷商王朝，奪取全國政權，建立了西周王朝，表現出卓越的軍事、政治才能，成為中國歷史上一代名君。
  
  先周是活動與中原西部黃土高原的一個古老部落。周人的始祖傳說是帝嚳元妃姜嫄的兒子棄。棄在帝舜時擔任農師，號稱後稷，教民耕稼有功，分封於邰。商朝初年，他的後代公劉率族人遷到磁。到古公亶父時，又遷到岐山南邊的周原(今陝西岐山縣)定居下來，逐漸發展成一個新興的西部勢力，自稱為周。古公的幼子季歷繼位後，修行道義，發展生產，驅逐夷狄，力量更為強大，與商發生矛盾。商王文丁派人將季歷殺死，季歷的兒子姬昌繼位。昌號稱西伯，仁慈愛民，禮賢下士，天下士人都來投奔。周的發展，使商紂感到威脅，於是將西伯昌囚禁於羑里七年。周人以珍寶和美女將西伯贖出，此後，在呂尚的輔佐下，西伯昌表面上耽於遊樂，對殷紂十分馴服，實際上卻更為積善修德，和悅百姓，大力發展生產，使更多的諸侯前來歸附，進而征討不馴服的諸侯和商的盟國，終於三分天下有其二，成為所謂的受命之主，而自稱王，即周文王，並將都城遷到豐邑(今陝西長安西南灃水西岸)。九年，周文王逝世。其子姬發繼位， 稱周武王。他繼續以呂尚為師，周公旦為輔，召公、畢公等人為主要助手，繼續文王未盡的事業。將都城擴至灃水以東的鎬京(今陝西長安縣境)，積極作滅商的准備。兩年後，武王在盟津召集八百諸侯會師盟誓。周文王受命第十一年十二月，武王兵出潼關，聯合各方國諸侯，揮師東向，於次年二月甲子日在牧野打敗商朝的軍隊，殺死殷紂王，史稱「武王滅商」，建立了中國歷史上最長的一個朝代——周朝。周朝經歷了37代天子，800多年，到公元前256年，才被秦國滅掉。公元前770年， 平王遷都洛邑(今河南洛陽)。豐鎬二京在西，洛邑在東，習慣上稱公元前770年以前的周朝為西周，以後的為東周。
  
  商朝在暴君紂王統治下，政治上已十分腐敗，但軍事上仍有較強實力。武王審時度勢，積極為滅商准備條件，等待時機。他即位9年後，為便於進攻商都朝歌(今河南淇縣)，將都城由豐(今陝西西安西南灃水西岸)遷至鎬(今陝西西安西南灃水東岸)，舉行了歷史上有名的「孟津觀兵」。
  
  這次觀兵實際上是一次為滅商做准備的軍事演習和檢閱。他率大軍先西行至畢原(今陝西長安縣內)文王陵墓祭奠，然後轉而東行向朝歌前進。在中軍豎起寫有父親西伯昌名字的大木牌，自己只稱太子發，意為仍由文王任統帥。大軍抵達黃河南岸的盂津(今河南孟津縣東北)，有800諸侯聞訊趕來參加。人心向周，商紂王孤立無援的形勢已形成，諸侯均力勸武王立即向朝歌進軍。武王和姜太公則認為時機還不成熟，在軍隊渡過黃河後又下令全軍返回，並以「諸位不知天命」告誡大家不要操之過急。
  
  又二年，武王探知紂王更加昏庸暴虐。良臣比幹、箕子忠言進諫，一個被殺，一個被囚。太師疵、少師強見紂王已不可救藥，抱著商朝宗廟祭器出逃。百姓皆側目而視，緘口不言。武王同姜尚研究，認為滅商條件已完全成熟，遵照文王「時至而勿疑」的遺囑，果斷決定發兵伐商，通告各諸侯國向朝歌進軍。出發前，太史卜了一卦，得兆象大凶。見此不吉之兆，百官大驚失色。武王決心已定，不迷信鬼神，毅然率兵車300乘、近衛武士3000人、甲士4.5萬人向朝歌進發。大軍到達朝歌郊外70里處的牧野(今河南汲縣南)，各諸侯率兵車4000乘會合。紂王聞知周兵已到，調集都中士兵，再加把囚犯、奴隸、戰俘武裝起來，共起兵17萬(一說70萬)相迎。雙方開始了歷史上著名的牧野之戰。武王在戰前向全軍發表誓詞，歷數商紂的罪惡，說明伐紂的正義性，動員將士們英勇殺敵。決戰開始後，周軍士氣高漲，奮勇沖殺。商紂的軍隊在周軍淩厲攻勢下一觸即潰。那些被迫參戰的奴隸、囚徒不願為紂王賣命，反把武王看作救星，倒轉矛頭引導周軍殺入朝歌。紂王見大勢已去，登上鹿台，自焚身死。商朝由此滅亡。
  
  周武王建周後，進行大規模的分封功臣謀士，如將呂尚封於齊，周公旦封於魯，召公奭封於燕，叔鮮封於管，叔度封於蔡。據說，周初總計分封了71個諸侯國，其中兄弟之國15個，同姓之國40餘個。封邦建國的目的，是加強對各地的統治，並作為周王室的屏藩。諸侯再在自己的封地里分封卿大夫，卿大夫又在自己的封地里分封士，這樣自上而下統治人民。武王死後，其子姬誦繼位，為成王。成王年少，天下初定，周公旦恐怕諸侯不服，以王叔攝政。管叔、蔡叔不服，與殷紂之子武庚，帶領淮夷，發動叛亂。周公毅然率兵東征，平定了叛亂，誅殺了武庚和管叔，放逐了蔡叔，收伏了殷的餘民。為了加強對東方的統治，周公奉成王之命負責營建洛邑的工作。洛邑建成後，成王親自來到洛邑王城，大會天下諸侯和四夷君長，並將跟隨武庚叛亂的殷遺民遷進成周，以便控制。周公還制禮作樂，建立了周朝的各項典章制度和禮樂制度，確立了以宗法制度為中心的政治體制。成王曾親自討伐東夷，使東部得以安定。成王死後，繼位的康王繼承先王的事業，勤於政事，平易近民，刑罰幾十年不用，社會更加安定。
  
  武王滅商後，為了收服人心，鞏固新建的政權，在政治上採取了許多政策和措施。首先，採取了以殷治殷，分而治之的辦法，安撫殷商遺民。他封紂王之子武庚為殷侯，繼續治理殷民。同時，將殷商王畿(京城周圍千里)內之地分為衛、庸、邶三個小國，封自己的三個弟弟分別治理，負責監視武庚，號稱「三監」。他下令釋放被紂王囚禁的百姓，修整商朝賢臣比幹的墳墓，放出賢臣箕子並恢複其原職。又散發供紂王淫樂奢侈之用的財物、糧食，賑濟饑民和貧弱的百姓。通過採取這些措施，商地很快穩定下來。
  
  其次，採取封邦建國的方略，實行對全國的統治。為了吸取商朝滅亡的教訓，治理好國家，武王專門把箕子接來鎬京，虛心請教安邦治國之道。根據箕子講述的道理，他同姜太公、周公旦等商議，決定將古時已有但還未完全形成的宗法制度進一步完善和確定下來。即把全國分成若幹個侯國，由周天子分封給在滅商大業中做出了貢獻的姬姓親族和有功之臣；各諸侯可以擁兵，但必須隨時聽從天子調遣，定期向天子納貢、朝賀；允許封侯世代承襲，並可在封國內分封卿、大夫；天子對諸侯有賞罰予奪之權，對封國中分封卿、大夫也有權過問。毫無疑問，武王實行的封邦建國方略，相對於商朝那種原始小邦林立的現象來說，顯然是一個進步。它確有統天下於一尊的意義，在當時起到了鞏固和加強全國統治的作用。
  
  武王為了鞏固全國政權，日夜思慮，睡不好覺。他還同公旦討論過在當時被認為地處天下之中的洛邑(今河南洛陽市內)營建東都，以便於加強對東方的控制。可惜他未能實現這個計劃，在滅商後不久逝世。
  
  據說在今河南省鄭州市齊禮閆村。閆氏是其後人。
  
  取自"http://uleader.com/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E6%AD%A6%E7%8E%8B&variant=zh-tw"
  
  === 即位是為武王,（西周一）武王發生於黃帝紀年歲次庚寅一五二七年、民國前三０八二年、 ===
  即位是為武王,（西周一）武王發生於黃帝紀年歲次庚寅一五二七年、民國前三０八二年、公元前一一七一年，在陜西岐山縣，即位於黃帝紀年歲次己卯一五七六年、民國前三０三三年、公元前一一二二年，是為武王，以火德王天下，建立周朝，國都鎬京，今陜西長安縣西南，一云西安縣西北。西周自此始，至黃帝紀年歲次乙酉一五八二年、民國前三０二七年、公元前一一一六年十二月，在位七年逝，得年五十四歲。葬在雍州萬年縣西南二十八里畢原上，今陜西咸陽
  
  === Empoeror ===
  Conquered Sheung dynasty and this brother became first emperor in Zhou dynasty. Continued father's work.
  
  Wu is considered one of the great heroes of China, together with Yellow Emperor and Yu the Great.

1. 叔虞 姬, b. 西元前1052年 in 中國河南省     d. 1011 BC in 中國,山西

1. Title: China Collection of Genealogies; https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89MC-49ZY-S?cc=1787988&wc=3XK6-6TL%3A1022997501%2C1021934502%2C1021944401%2C1021937902%2C1023189801
   Author: "中國, 族譜收藏," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89MC-49ZY-S?cc=1787988&wc=3XK6-6TL%3A1022997501%2C1021934502%2C1021944401%2C1021937902%2C1023189801 : 20 May 2014), Yu 余 > China 中國 > Guangdong 廣東 > 不詳 > 余氏族譜[30卷] : 14冊 : 1-5冊(卷1-6), 1912 > image 6 of 533; from various institutions and private holdings in China, North America, and Southeast Asia.
   Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89MC-49ZY-S;
   Note: Shu Yu of Tang(唐叔虞) Father-King Wu of Zhou (周武王) Son- Xie (燮)
   Page: Shows Family Lineage: Shu Yu of Tang(唐叔虞) Father-King Wu of Zhou (周武王) Son- Xie (燮)
   
2. Title: Notas individuais Name Prefix: Emperor King Wu of Zhou (Chinese: 周武王; pinyin: Zhōu Wǔ wáng) was the first king of the Zhou dynasty of ancient China. The chronology of his reign is disputed but is generally thought to have begun around 1046 BC and ended
   
3. Title: 姬 發 - Asian Data Entry, Batch: 1160370-, Entry: 41
   Page: Migrated Asian Data Entry: urn:familysearch:source:2689800820_ADE:Batch:1160370-Entry:41