Robert de Brus - Second Lord of Annandale

• Preferred Name: Robert de Brus - Second Lord of Annandale^[1]
  
• Alternate Name: Robert de Bruce II
  
• Gender: M
  
• Burial: in Gisborough Priory, North Riding, Yorkshire, England at LATI: N4.5363 LONG: E1.0512 with note: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#RobertBrusMEuphemia
  
• DISTANT+IN+LIFE,+TOGETHER+AFTER+DEATH,+BURIED+AT+FAMILY+CHURCH: with note: Description: Although he lived in Scotland, when Robert died it was his will to be buried at Gisborough Priory, the church founded by his father and where his father and brother were buried as well.
  
• Death: 1190 in Skelton, Yorkshire, England at LATI: N4 LONG: E1.1337 with note: The Foundation for Medieval Genealogy identifies his death as AFTER 1190, Scots Peerage identifies is death as in 1194; these sources do not conflict as 1194 IS after 1190 http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#RobertBrusMEuphemia https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun02pauluoft/page/430/mode/1up
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Second Lord of Annandale
  
• MAINTAINED+CONNECTION+TO+HIS+BROTHER+ADAM: ABT 1141 with note: Description: After their fathers death in 1141 his oldest son and heir Adam gave properties in Normandy founded by their grandfather (Adam de Bruis) over to the Church, this was witnessed by his younger brother Robert de Brus, 2nd Lord of Annandale.
  
• FSID: KH5Y-4QF
  
• FOUGHT+IN+BATTLE+OF+THE+STANDARD: 22 AUG 1138 in Cowton Moor, Northallerton, Yorkshire, England at LATI: N4.3378 LONG: E1.4285 with note: Description: When the armies of King David I of Scotland met those of King Stephen of England in the Battle of the Standard, father and son fought on opposing forces. Robert II supported King David while his father and brother supported King Stephen. The Scots were defeated and Robert II was captured by his own father. He was later released.
  
• Birth: 1105 in Skelton Castle, Yorkshire, England at LATI: N4.5667 LONG: E0.9667
  
• HIS+OWN+COAT+OF+ARMS: 1138 with note: Description: At the Battle of the Standard in 1138, Scottish forces were defeated and de Brus took prisoner his own son, now Lord of the lands of Annandale. He was ultimately returned to Scotland, and to demonstrate his determination to establish his branch of the family in Scotland, he abandoned his father's arms of a red lion on a silver field and assumed the now familiar red saltire.
  
• MADE+2ND+LORD+OF+ANNANDALE: Early 1136 in Annandale, Dumfriesshire, Scotland at LATI: N4.9833 LONG: E3.2667 with note: Description: About 1136 Robert de Brus (1st lord of Annandale) endowed his younger son Robert with all his holdings in Scotland including Annandale, making Robert 2nd Lord of Annandale. Robert I then renounced his fealty to Scotland and its king and went to live in England taking his oldest son Adam along.
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Robert de Brus, 2nd Lord of Annandale, son of Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale and 1st Lord of Skelton, and his wife Agnes. Robert was the second son, his older brother Adam was the heir. Because Robert was 'the younger son' he is sometimes named as Robert le Meschin, or Robert the Cadet, a 'cadet' being a younger son not meant to inherit.
  
  Robert's father, Robert the 1st Lord of Annandale, held property in both Scotland and England, he was a "Cross-Border Lord", owed allegiance to both the king of England and the king of Scotland. This did not cause a problem until after the death of King Henry I.
  
  Before the Battle of the Standard in 1138, Robert I and oldest son Adam renounced their fealty to King David I of Scotland and fought instead for King Stephen of England. Robert II remained loyal to King David I and took over his father's properties in Scotland, principally Annandale. The English territories remained with Robert I and passed to Robert II's older brother, Adam de Brus, 2nd Lord of Skelton. Thus Robert, the second son, the 'cadet', ended up as the 2nd Lord of Annandale, his charter for the lands later confirmed by King David I.
  
  At the Battle of the Standard, Scottish forces were defeated, and Robert I took prisoner his own son, now Lord of Annandale. Robert II was turned over to his mother by King Stephen, and eventually returned to Scotland. To demonstrate his branch of the family in Scotland was distinct from that in England, Robert II abandoned his father's arms of a red lion on a silver field and assumed the now familiar red saltire.
  
  Robert married Euphemia (parentage unconfirmed) They had five children:
  - Robert (d. 1191), eldest son.
  - William (d. 1212).
  - Bernard.
  - Agatha.
  - Euphemia.
  
  Robert died between 1189 and 1194 and was buried at Gisborough Priory in the North Riding, Yorkshire, England, a monastery founded by his father Robert I. Robert's oldest son, Robert III, died before his father. Robert was therefore succeeded by his second son William.
  
  ----
  ROBERT [II] de Brus, son of ROBERT [I] de Brus & his [second] wife Agnes --- ([1135/40]-[17 Feb, 26 Aug, or 4 Dec] after [1170/90]). The manuscript history of the founders of Gysburne/Gisborough Priory names “Robertus de Bruse…miles de Normannia” and “Roberto de Bruse filio suo juniori”, adding that the latter was captured during the Anglo-Scottish wars. The 1155 Pipe Roll records "Agnes de Bruis…p filio suo". As noted above, this suggests that Agnes was acting for her son, who was a minor at the time, in relation to the property for which the return was made. If this is correct, her son was presumably Robert [II] de Brus, who must have been considerably younger than his [half-]brother Adam [I], and so probably born from a different wife. If this is correct, he had reached the age of majority by 1157 when he is named without his mother in the Pipe Roll (see below). The manuscript history of the Bruce family of Carleton records that “primus Brus de Carleton…Robertus de Brus” granted “villam Anandiæ de regno Scotiæ…et…postea Hert et Hertnesse” to “Robertus filius eius junior”. Lord of Annandale. The 1157 Pipe Roll records "Rob de Brus" in Northumberland. “Robertus de Bruis et uxor mea Eufemia” donated property to the canons of Gysburne/Gisborough by charter dated to [1160/75]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus de Brus v m" in Yorkshire in [1167/68]. “Robertus de Brus” donated property to the monks of Durham by charter dated to [1170/90], witnessed by “Roberto, Willelmo et Bernardo filiis meis…Hugone de Brus…”. The obituary of Gysburne/Gisborough priory records the deaths “XIII Kal Mar” of "Roberti Brus de Anant", "VII Kal Sep" of "Roberti Brus de Anande", and "II Non Dec" of "Roberti Brus de Anande". Two of these three deaths presumably relate to Robert [II] and Robert [III] de Brus, as the same source separately records the deaths of Robert [I], Robert [IV] and Robert [V] de Brus (see above and below). It is not known to whom the third death refers as no other record has been found of another Robert de Brus before Robert [VI], who was not buried at Gysburne/Gisborough.
  
  m EUPHEMIE, daughter of ---. “Robertus de Brus” notified his donation to the hospital of St Peter, York by charter dated to [1150/70], witnessed by “domina Eufemia…”. “Robertus de Bruis et uxor mea Eufemia” donated property to the canons of Gysburne/Gisborough by charter dated to [1160/75]. Her origin is indicated by the charter dated to [1150/60] under which “W. comes Albemarle” granted property to “Eufemie nepti mee uxori Roberti de Brus”. Domesday Descendants speculates that she was the daughter of Guillaume’s brother Enguerrand, although there seems no reason to choose one of his brothers over any of the others. Another possibility is that she was the daughter of Guillaume’s sister Mathilde, whose husband Guermond de Picquigny is recorded with a sister named Euphemie.
  
  Robert [II] de Brus & his wife had three children:
  
  1. ROBERT [III] de Brus (-[17 Feb, 26 Aug, or 4 Dec] 1191). “Robertus de Brus” donated property to the monks of Durham by charter dated to [1170/90], witnessed by “Roberto, Willelmo et Bernardo filiis meis…Hugone de Brus…”. He succeeded his father as Lord of Annandale. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Adam de Brus…Robertus de Brus" paying "vii l x s, xv milites" and "l s, v milites", respectively, in Yorkshire. Two of these three deaths presumably relate to Robert [II] and Robert [III] de Brus, as the same source separately records the deaths of Robert [I], Robert [IV] and Robert [V] de Brus (see above and below). It is not known to whom the third death refers as no other record has been found of another Robert de Brus before Robert [VI], who was not buried at Gysburne/Gisborough. m (1183) as her first husband, ISABEL, illegitimate daughter of WILLIAM I "the Lion" King of Scotland & his mistress --- Avenell. The Chronicle of Melrose records the marriage in 1183 of "William king of the Scots…his daughter Isabella" and "Robert de Brus". She married secondly (Haddington early 1191) Robert de Ros. The Chronicle of Melrose records the marriage in 1191 of "the king of Scots…his daughter Ysembel (the widow of Robert de Brus)" and "Robert de Ross" at Haddington.
  
  2. WILLIAM de Brus (-before 4 Dec 1214). The manuscript history of the Bruce family of Carleton records that “Willielmus filius eius” succeeded “Robertus Brus”. “Robertus de Brus” donated property to the monks of Durham by charter dated to [1170/90], witnessed by “Roberto, Willelmo et Bernardo filiis meis…Hugone de Brus…”. He succeeded his brother as Lord of Annandale. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Willelmus de Brus" paying "x s, dimidium militem" in Cumberland. The obituary of Gysburne/Gisborough priory records the deaths “XVII Kal Aug” of "Willmii Brus de Anand" and "Kal Aug" of "Willmi Brus primi Prioris". m as her first husband, CHRISTINA, daughter of ---. Christina was the sister of Eva, second wife of Robert de Quincy (see ENGLAND EARLS, WINCHESTER), as shown by the undated charter under which "Eua quondam uxor Roberti de Quinci" donated property "de Edmundesten" to Melrose abbey, for the souls of "dominorum meorum Robti de Quinci et Walteri de Berkeley et Rolandi fratris mei et Johis filii mei et Christine sororis mee". The Liber Vitæ of Durham names "Cristina uxor Willelmi de Brus, Robertus de Brus filius eius". She married secondly (before 4 Dec 1214) as his second wife, Patrick Earl of Dunbar. "Patricius comes de Dumbar" donated land "iuxta Emudestu" to Melrose abbey, for the souls of "Ade comitisse quondam uxoris mee…et Christine comitisse uxoris mee et…Patricii filii mei et omnium filiorum meorum et filiarum", to Melrose abbey by undated charter. William de Brus & his wife had two children:
  
  a) ROBERT [IV] de Brus “the Noble” (-[1 Apr] 1245). The manuscript history of the Bruce family of Carleton records that “Robertus Brus secundus” succeeded “Willielmus Brus”. Lord of Annandale. - see below.
  
  b) [EUPHEME (-1267). Her parentage is suggested by MacEwan. If correct, she was her husband’s step-sister, daughter of his father’s second wife by her first husband. "Eufemia comitissa" donated revenue from land in "Kirkinfyde" to Dryburgh monastery, for the soul of "domini mei Patricii comitis", by undated charter. The Chronicle of Lanercost records the death in 1267 of "domina mater domini comitis Patricii de Dunbar, Eufemia…magistri Patricii qui apud Marsilium obiit". m (1213 or before) PATRICK de Dunbar, son of PATRICK Earl of Dunbar & his first wife Ada of Scotland (-Marseilles [May/Dec] 1248). He succeeded his father in 1232 as Earl of Dunbar.]
  
  3. BERNARD de Brus . “Robertus de Brus” donated property to the monks of Durham by charter dated to [1170/90], witnessed by “Roberto, Willelmo et Bernardo filiis meis…Hugone de Brus…”.
  
  Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale wife Agnes de Paynel.
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_de_Brus,_1st_Lord_of_Annandale
  
  Robert I de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale (c. 1070 – 1142) was an early 12th century Anglo-Norman baron and knight, the first of the
  
  Robert de Brusee son of Robert Brus & Agnes of Annandale
  Book of Bruce
  Agatha de Brusee. She married Ralph, son of Ribald,Lord of Middleham in Yorkshire.
  
  Robert de Brusee, known as Robert Le Meschin, or the cadet, second son of the preceding, by his secon
  
  Robert de Bruce II 1078?-1141 wife Agnes Pagnel
  Dictionary of National Biography page 114
  https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofnati07stepuoft#page/114/mode/2up
  
  Robert Bruce II was son of Robert I, and companion of David I of Scotland at the cou
  
  ROBERT DE BRUS II - FOUNDATION OF MEDIEVAL GENEALOGY
  
  ROBERT [II] de Brus, son of ROBERT [I] de Brus & his [second] wife Agnes --- ([1135/40]-[17 Feb, 26 Aug, or 4 Dec] after [1170/90]). The manuscript history of the founders of Gysburne/Gisborough Pr
  
  === Life Sketch by Pioneer42 dated July 30, 2016 ===
  Yes it is true he is the 2nd Lord of Annudale, but do not confuse this man with Robert de Brus II that came in with William the Conquerer in 1066.
  Robert II de Brus, le Meschin (the Cadet) (fl. 1138, died c. 1189 or 1194), was a 12th-century Norman noble and 2nd Lord of Annandale. He was the son, perhaps the second son,[1] of Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale.
  
  The elder de Brus' allegiances were compromised when David I invaded England in the later 1130s, and he had renounced his fealty to David before the Battle of the Standard in 1138. The younger Robert however remained loyal and took over his father's land in Scotland, whilst the English territories remained with the elder Robert and passed to the latter's elder son Adam. Bruce family tradition has it that Robert II was captured by his father at the battle and given over to King Stephen of England.
  
  A legend tells that in the 1140s, Robert II was visited at Annan by St Malachy. St Malachy asked Robert to pardon a thief, but Robert hanged him anyway, and for this the River Annan destroyed part of his castle and the de Brus line received a curse from the holy man. Robert made Lochmaben the centre of his lordship and constructed a new caput there.
  
  He married Euphemia de Crosebi or Crosbj of Aumale, daughter of Sir Adam de Crosebi or Crosbj. They had five known children:
  
  Robert (d. 1191), eldest son.
  William (d. 1212).
  Bernard.
  Agatha.
  Euphemia.
  Robert was buried at Gisborough Priory in the North Riding, Yorkshire, England, a monastery founded by his father Robert I de Brus. As his eldest son, Robert, predeceased him, he was succeeded by his second son William.
  
  === Robert de Brus, d. 1251, and Isabella, d ===
  Robert de Brus, d. 1251, and Isabella, daughter of David of Huntingdon and Maud of Chester. [Magna Charta Sureties]
  
  Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
  
  Page: 252-27
  
  Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999 Page: 41-3
  
  Page: Phil Moody, 26 Jul 2001
  
  Newsgroup: soc.genealogy.medieval, at groups - google.com
  
  SURNAME: Also shown as Brus
  
  === The Bruces were thought to have descende ===
  The Bruces were thought to have descended from Lodver, the Norse Earl of Orkney in the tenth century. Adam de Brus, whose grandfather had settled in Normandy, accompanied William the Conquerer to England. "Burke's Dormant and Extinct Peerages," states that one Robert de Brus came to England with William the Conquerer. Burke's does not mention Robert de Brus' father at all. It is possible that both the father and son accompanied the Conquerer. Adam de Brus was given the task of reducing resistance to the Normans in Yorkshire. As a reward for his services, he was granted numerous manors in and around that county. His son Robert de Brus inherited the properties.
  
  === Name Suffix: Baron of Anna. ===
  Name Suffix: Baron of Anna.

• m. ABT 1154 in Annandale District, Dumfriesshire, Scotland

1. William de Brus 3rd Lord of Annandale, b. 1158 in Durham, England     d. 16 JUL 1212 in England

1. Title: Robert II de Bruce 2nd Lord of Annandale, Euphemia Le Gros and children Robert III, William and Euphemia in The Kirkpatrick Family Archives
   Author: The Kirkpatrick Family Archives, search Robert de Bruce, or use the above web page URL.
   Publication: Name: http://genealogy.kirkpatrickaustralian.com/archives/getperson.php?personID=I19267&tree=TKA;
   Note: Name Robert DE BRUCE Suffix The Cadet, 2nd Lord of Annandale and Cleveland Born 1138 Gender Male Died 1194 Buried Guisborough Priory, North Riding, Yorkshire Father Robert DE BRUCE, 1st Lord of Skelton, 1st Lord of Annandale, b. Abt 1070, d. 11 May 1141, Gisborough Priory , North Yorkshire, England (Age ~ 71 years) Mother Agnes DE PAGANELL, daughter of Fulk De Paganell of Carlton, d. Yes, date unknown Family Euphemia LE GROS, daughter of William le Gros, 1st Earl of Albermarle, b. Abt 1138, d. Yes, date unknown Children 1. Robert DE BRUCE, b. Abt 1156, d. 1191 (Age ~ 35 years) 2. William DE BRUCE, ,3rd Lord of Annandale, b. Abt 1158, Hartlepool, Durham, England, d. 16 Jul 1212 (Age ~ 54 years) 3. Euphemia DE BRUCE, b. Annandale, Dumfries-shire, Scotland, d. Whittingham, East Lothian, Scotland
   Page: Source gives family relationships of Robert de Bruce, 2nd Lord of Annandale.