Aelfwine the Sheriff of Warwick

• Preferred Name: Aelfwine the Sheriff of Warwick^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• Death: AFT 1084 in Stamford Hill, Kingdom of Mercia, Anglo Saxon England at LATI: N1.5688 LONG: E0.0638
  
• FSID: G4YL-FXP
  
• Occupation: Sheriff of Warwick1066 in Warwickshire, England at LATI: N2.3378 LONG: E1.5609 with note: -- Wikiwand: High Sheriff of Warwickshire -- Geni: Ælfwine, sheriff of Warwick
  
• Birth: um 1028 in Wallingford, Berkshire, England at LATI: N1.5914 LONG: E1.1472
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Wikipedia
  Arden of Park Hall Coat of Arms.
  Ælfwine of Warwick was a Sheriff of Warwickshire under William the Conquorer, and one of the few Anglo-Saxons to retain their lands after the conquest.
  
  Family
  
  His mother was Erminhild de Warwick and
  his father was Wigod de Wallingford, Earl of Wallington and a descendant of both Egbert III of England, and Charles Martel.
  
  His wife was Horne and children were:
  Turchill of Kinsbury de Warwick also known as Thorkell of Arden who was a knight and Earl of Warrckshire, who married Leverunia and through whom was the progenitor of the Arden family in Warwickshire.
  Leofstan[1]
  Gudmund[2]
  
  His sister Ealdgyth was the wife of Robert d'Oilly, who succeeded him as Sheriff.
  
  Estates
  He was the owner of Ryton-on-Dunsmore, an estate assessed at 3½ hides and including woodland half a league by 2 furlongs, and a mill worth 12s.[3] and a benefactor of Coventry Abbey.
  
  Wikipedia Arden of Park Hall Coat of Arms. Ælfwine of Warwick was a Sheriff of Warwickshire under William the Conquorer, and one of the few Anglo-Saxons to retain their lands after the conquest. Family His mother was Erminhild de Warwick and his father was Wigod de Wallingford, Earl of Wallington and a descendant of both Egbert III of England, and Charles Martel. His wife was Horne and children were: Turchill of Kinsbury de Warwick also known as Thorkell of Arden who was a knight and Earl of Warrckshire, who married Leverunia and through whom was the progenitor of the Arden family in Warwickshire. Leofstan[1] Gudmund[2] His sister Ealdgyth was the wife of Robert d'Oilly, who succeeded him as Sheriff. Estates He was the owner of Ryton-on-Dunsmore, an estate assessed at 3½ hides and including woodland half a league by 2 furlongs, and a mill worth 12s.[3] and a benefactor of Coventry Abbey.
  
  === Note: BIOGRAPHY: Ailwin was the Vice-Com ===
  Note: BIOGRAPHY: Ailwin was the Vice-Comes, or Sheriff of Warwickshire.Alwyne is styled "Alvinus Vicecomes" in the General Survey, and "Thereason thereof," observes Dugdale, "I conceive to be either because hedid exercise the power and authority of the Earls of Mercia in Warwick ashis ancestors had done, for which respect he and they have been reputedearls, as I have ranckt them in that degree, or else that he hath thecustody of the county to the king's immediate use."
  
  === The Visitation of Warwickshire P. 176 ===
  The Visitation of Warwickshire P. 176

• m. BEF 1055 in England, United Kingdom

1. Henricus de Leca, b. aproximadamente 1080 in Inglaterra    

1. Title: Arden Ancestors: Line of Descent from Rohand to Turchill in Burke' A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland 1833, pp. 637-640[See document in the Memories section]
   Author: Burke' A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland 1833, pp. 637-640
   Note: Arden Ancestors: Line of Descent from Rohand to Turchill in Burke' A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland 1833, pp. 637-640[See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Arden Ancestors: Line of Descent from Rohand to Turchill in Burke' A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland 1833, pp. 637-640[See document in the Memories section]
   
2. Title: Pedigree of the Arden [Arderne] Family in Twenty-eight generations of The Arden Family by James Frederick Bell, pg. 24 [See document in the Memories section]
   Author: Twenty-eight generations of The Arden Family by James Frederick Bell, pg. 24
   Note: Pedigree of the Arden [Arderne] Family in Twenty-eight generations of The Arden Family by James Frederick Bell, pg. 24 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Pedigree of the Arden [Arderne] Family in Twenty-eight generations of The Arden Family by James Frederick Bell, pg. 24 [See document in the Memories section]
   
3. Title: Wikiwand: Earl of Warwick
   Author: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
   Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Earl_of_Warwick;
   Note: Earl of Warwick is one of the most prestigious titles in the peerages of the United Kingdom. The title has been created four times in English history, and the name refers to Warwick Castle and the town of Warwick. Overview The first creation came in 1088, and the title was held by the Beaumont and later by the Beauchamp families. The 14th Earl was created Duke of Warwick in 1445, a title which became extinct on his early death the following year. The best-known Earl of this creation was the 16th Earl jure uxoris, Richard Neville, who was involved in the deposition of two kings, a fact which later earned him the epithet of "Warwick the Kingmaker." This creation became extinct on the death of the 17th Earl in 1499. The title was revived in 1547 for the powerful statesman John Dudley, 1st Viscount Lisle, who was later made Duke of Northumberland. The earldom was passed on during his lifetime to his eldest son, John, but both father and son were attainted in 1554. The title was recreated or restored in 1561 in favor of Ambrose Dudley, younger son of the Duke of Northumberland. However, Ambrose was childless and the earldom became extinct on his death in 1590. It was created for a third time in 1618 for Robert Rich, 3rd Baron Rich, in spite of the fact that the Rich family was not in possession of Warwick Castle. From 1673, the Earls also held the title of Earl of Holland. All of the titles became extinct on the death of the 8th Earl in 1759. The earldom was revived the same year in favour of Francis Greville, 1st Earl Brooke. The Greville family was in possession of Warwick Castle, and the title and castle were thereby re-united for the first time in over a century. The 1759 creation is extant and currently held by Guy Greville, 9th Earl of Warwick. However, Warwick Castle was sold by the family in 1978, and they currently live in Australia. 1088 creation The medieval earldom created in 1088 was held to be heritable via a female line of descent, and thus was held by members of several different families. It was traditionally associated in its feudal form with possession of Warwick Castle. The ancient heraldic device of the Earls of Warwick, the Bear and Ragged Staff, is believed to derive from two legendary Earls, Arthal and Morvidus. Arthal is thought to mean "bear," while Morvidus was to have slain a giant "with a young ash tree torn up by the roots." Alternatively the emblem of a bear (Latin ursus) is believed to refer to Urse d'Abetot (c. 1040 – 1108), 1st feudal baron of Salwarpe in Worcestershire, a Norman who followed King William the Conqueror to England, and served as Sheriff of Worcestershire. His heir was his son-in-law Walter de Beauchamp (died 1130/3), whose descendant was William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick (c.1238-1298). The first Earl of Warwick was Henry de Beaumont (d.1119), younger son of Roger de Beaumont (d. circa 1094), who fought at the Battle of Hastings with William the Conqueror, by his wife Adeline de Meulan (c. 1014/20-1081), daughter and heiress of Waleran III, Count of Meulan. Henry's elder brother was Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester, Count of Meulan. The family name of "Beaumont" was Latinised to de Bello Monte ("from the beautiful mountain"); the Warwick branch of the family was also known as de Newburgh, Latinized to "de Novo Burgo" ("from the new borough/town"). Henry changed his name to "de Newburgh," after the Castle de Neubourg, his home in Normandy, an ancient Beaumont possession. Henry became Constable of Warwick Castle in 1068 and Earl of Warwick in 1088 as reward for his support for the king during the Rebellion of 1088. The title passed through several generations of the Beaumont family until 1242 when Thomas de Beaumont, 6th Earl of Warwick died without male issue. The earldom then went to his sister, Margaret de Beaumont, 7th Countess of Warwick and her successive husbands jure uxoris, and on her death to her cousin William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick. When he died also without a male heir, the title passed to his sister, Isabel de Mauduit, and her husband Lord William de Beauchamp (d.1268), and thence to her son William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick. During this period the Earldom and the Beauchamps were elevated to the highest levels until Henry de Beauchamp, 1st Duke of Warwick, 14th Earl of Warwick, was created Duke of Warwick with precedence over all except the Duke of Norfolk. This precedence was disputed however and with Henry's death in 1445, also without male issue, the dukedom was extinguished. The earldom went to his infant daughter, and on her death aged 5 a few years later passed to Henry's sister Anne de Beauchamp, 16th Countess of Warwick and her husband Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, who "succeeded in right of his wife" but was subsequently "confirmed" in that title on 23 July 1449 which confirmation he thereafter resigned and was definitively created Earl of Warwick by letters patent dated 2 March 1450, with his wife being similarly created Countess of Warwick. He is known to history as "Warwick the Kingmaker" and died without male issue in 1471, aged 42, when the Earldom fell into abeyance between his two daughters. After Richard Neville's death the title was passed through his eldest daughter Isabel Neville to her husband George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence, younger brother of Kings Edward IV and Richard III, who on 25 March 1472 by letters patent was created Earl of Warwick (and Earl of Salisbury). Although he was so created, The "Complete Peerage" nevertheless terms him the 17th Earl of Warwick, which suggests perhaps that the creation was considered a mere formality and confirmation of his inheritance. He was attainted and executed in 1478 whereupon his titles became forfeited. His Earldom was forfeited and thus not able to be inherited by his son Edward Plantagenet, who did however manage to inherit it from his maternal grandmother Anne de Beauchamp (d.1492), wife of "Warwick the Kingmaker," who had been created Countess of Warwick by letters patent in 1450, at the same time her husband was created Earl of Warwick. He thus became Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick, but on his beheading for treason in 1499 the title became forfeited. 1547 creation The title was next conferred upon the powerful statesman and soldier John Dudley, 1st Viscount Lisle. He had already been created Viscount Lisle in right of his deceased mother, Elizabeth Grey, in 1543, and was made Earl of Warwick in the Peerage of England in 1547. In 1551 he was further honored when he was created Duke of Northumberland. In January 1553 Parliament passed the earldom to his eldest son John, the second Earl. He died young in 1554, and having been attainted along with his father in August 1553, the title became extinct until it was revived in 1561 for his younger brother Ambrose, the third Earl. He served as Master-General of the Ordnance and Lord Lieutenant of Warwickshire. On his death in 1590 the earldom became extinct. 1618 creation The title was re-created when Robert Rich, 3rd Baron Rich, was made Earl of Warwick in 1618. This was despite the fact that the Rich family were not in possession of Warwick Castle (this was in the hands of the Greville family; see the 1759 creation below). His second son the Honourable Henry Rich was created Baron Kensington in 1623 and Earl of Holland in 1624. Lord Warwick was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Earl. He represented Maldon in the House of Commons and served as Lord Lieutenant of Essex. His eldest son, the third Earl, sat as Member of Parliament for Essex. He died without surviving male issue and was succeeded by his younger brother, the fourth Earl. He represented Sandwich and Essex in Parliament. On his death the line of the second Earl of Warwick failed and the titles were inherited by his first cousin Robert Rich, 2nd Earl Holland, who became the fifth Earl of Warwick as well. He was the son of the aforementioned Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland, younger son of the first Earl of Warwick (see the Earl of Holland for earlier history of this branch of the family). This line of the family failed on the early death of his grandson, the seventh Earl, in 1721. The late Earl was succeeded by his second cousin Edward Rich, the eighth Earl. He was the grandson of the Hon. Cope Rich, younger son of the first Earl of Holland. On his death in 1759 all the titles became extinct. Lady Mary Rich, daughter of the first Earl of Holland, married Sir John Campbell, 5th Baronet, who was created Earl of Breadalbane and Holland in 1681. Also, Lady Elizabeth Rich, only daughter and heiress of the fifth Earl of Warwick and second Earl of Holland, married Francis Edwardes. Their son William Edwardes succeeded to parts of the Rich estates and was created Baron Kensington in the Peerage of Ireland in 1776, a revival of the barony attached to the earldom of Holland. Charles Rich, son of the Honourable Sir Edward Rich, younger son of the second Baron Rich, was created a baronet in 1676 (see Rich baronets). 1759 creation The title was created again in 1759 when Francis Greville, 8th Baron Brooke was made Earl of Warwick in the Peerage of Great Britain. In 1746 he had been created Earl Brooke, of Warwick Castle in the County of Warwick, in the Peerage of Great Britain. The earldom and Warwick Castle were thereby re-united for the first time in over a century. In 1767 the Earl petitioned the House of Lords for permission to use just the more prestigious title and style of "Earl of Warwick" only, with the precedence of 1746. Such permission was never granted but the Earls nevertheless ceased to use the Brooke earldom in style, and have always been known (except in the House of Lords) simply as The Earl of Warwick. His eldest son from his second marriage, the third Earl, sat as Member of Parliament for Warwick and held minor office in the second administration of Sir Robert Peel. He was also Lord Lieutenant of...
   
4. Title: The House of Goldsborough: Goldsborough: From 6th Century England
   Author: The House of Goldsborough: Goldsborough: From 6th Century England to ... By Eleanora Goldsborough, Paul Feist, Mary W. Feist, Paul Feist, Mary W. Feist, page 126-133
   Publication: Name: https://books.google.com/books?id=Ek8iwcgtTNwC&pg=PA133&lpg=PA133&dq=john+de+drayton+%2B+ardene&source=bl&ots=UugDW09bzf&sig=ARaGoMqTCSOH8mod_y7wl66WkgI&hl=en&sa=X&ei=5h8bVfqdH9PVoASb3YLoBA&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=john%20de%20drayton%20%2B%20ardene&f=false;
   Note: Gives family pedigree on the draytons and their history leading to the Greene family... NOTE: It is only accurate on some levels, as it skips some generations...for the most accurate information for pedigree, is that of the source also attached, Shakespear's Family...
   
5. Title: "Domesday Book and the Law: Society and Legal Custom in Early Medieval England," by Robin Fleming
   Author: Cambridge University Press, Dec 18, 2003
   Publication: Name: https://books.google.com/books?id=gBm2eQvZlN4C&pg=PA442&dq=Alwine&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi1zJLj-LrtAhUNFlkFHUeYAo4Q6AEwBnoECAEQAg#v=onepage&q=Alwine&f=false;
   Note: The Domesday Book contains a great many things, including the most comprehensive, varied, and monumental legal material to survive from England before the rise of the common law. This book argues that it can - and should - be read as a legal text. When the statistical information present in the great survey is stripped away, there is much material still left, almost all of which stems directly from inquest, testimony given by jurors impaneled in 1086, or from the sworn statements of lords and their men. This information, read in context, can provide a picture of what the law looked like, the ways in which it was changing, and the means whereby the inquest was a central event in the formation of English law. The volume provides translations (with Latin legal terminology included parenthetically) for all of Domesday Book's legal references, each numbered and organized by county, fee, and folio.
   
6. Title: Arden (Arderne) Ancestors in The House of Goldsborough, Vol. 1, pg. 127, 130 and 131 [See document in the Memories section]
   Author: The House of Goldsborough, Vol. 1, pg. 127, 130 and 131
   Note: Arden (Arderne) Ancestors in The House of Goldsborough, Vol. 1, pg. 127, 130 and 131 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Arden (Arderne) Ancestors in The House of Goldsborough, Vol. 1, pg. 127, 130 and 131 [See document in the Memories section]
   
7. Title: SHAKESPEARE'S FAMILY
   Author: After clicking on the url, if it doesnt load just reload that same web page and or paste it in again and it will come up with the full book, for some reason it wants to load where just the files are located sometimes.
   Publication: Name: http://www.gutenberg.org/files/26315/26315-h/26315-h.htm;
   Note: Describes the ancestry down to the Drayton line...
   
8. Title: The Arden (Arderne) Family in Wikipedia ~https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arden_family [See document in the Memories section]
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arden_family;
   Note: The Arden (Arderne) Family in Wikipedia ~https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arden_family [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: The Arden (Arderne) Family in Wikipedia ~https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arden_family [See document in the Memories section]
   
9. Title: Turchil, Siward, Thomas, Ralph, ancestors of the Arden (Arderne) family, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
   Publication: Name: http://www.british-history.ac.uk;
   Note: Turchil, Siward, Thomas, Ralph, ancestors of the Arden (Arderne) family, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Turchil, Siward, Thomas, Ralph, ancestors of the Arden (Arderne) family, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
   
10. Title: "Warwick castle and its earls : from Saxon times to the present day," by Frances Evelyn Maynard Warwick, Countess of Greville, 1861-1938
    Author: Publication date: 1903 Topics: Warwick castle Publisher: New York : E.P. Dutton ; London, Hutchinson Collection: cornell; americana Digitizing sponsor: MSN Contributor: Cornell University Library Contributor usage rights: See terms Language: English
    Publication: Name: https://archive.org/details/cu31924050615214/page/n43/mode/2up?q=Guy+of+Warwick;
    
11. Title: Alwin and Turchill in The Visitation of the County of Warwick, 1619, pg. 176-177 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: The Visitation of the County of Warwick, 1619, pg. 176-177
    Note: Alwin and Turchill in The Visitation of the County of Warwick, 1619, pg. 176-177 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Alwin and Turchill in The Visitation of the County of Warwick, 1619, pg. 176-177 [See document in the Memories section]
    
12. Title: Wikiwand: Battle of Stamford Bridge
    Author: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Battle_of_Stratton;
    Note: The Battle of Stamford Bridge (Old English: "Gefeoht æt Stanfordbrycge") took place at the village of Stamford Bridge, East Riding of Yorkshire, in England on 25 September 1066, between an English army under King Harold Godwinson and an invading Norwegian force led by King Harald Hardrada and the English king's brother Tostig Godwinson. After a bloody battle, both Hardrada and Tostig along with most of the Norwegians were killed. Although Harold Godwinson repelled the Norwegian invaders, his army was defeated by the Normans at Hastings less than three weeks later. The battle has traditionally been presented as symbolizing the end of the Viking Age, although major Scandinavian campaigns in Britain and Ireland occurred in the following decades, such as those of King Sweyn Estrithson of Denmark in 1069–1070 and King Magnus Barefoot of Norway in 1098 and 1102–1103. Background The death of King Edward the Confessor of England in January 1066 had triggered a succession struggle in which a variety of contenders from across north-western Europe fought for the English throne. These claimants included the King of Norway, Harald Hardrada. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle Manuscript D (p. 197), the Norwegians assembled a fleet of 300 ships to invade England. The authors, however, did not seem to differentiate between warships and supply ships. In King Harald's Saga, Snorri Sturluson states, "... it is said that King Harald had over two hundred ships, apart from supply ships and smaller craft." Combined with reinforcements picked up in Orkney, the Norwegian army most likely numbered between 7,000 and 9,000 men. Arriving off the English coast in September Hardrada was joined by further forces recruited in Flanders and Scotland by Tostig Godwinson. Tostig was at odds with his elder brother Harold (who had been elected king by the Witenagemot on the death of Edward). Having been ousted from his position as Earl of Northumbria and exiled in 1065, Tostig had mounted a series of abortive attacks on England in the spring of 1066. In the late summer of 1066, the invaders sailed up the Ouse before advancing on York. On 20 September they defeated a northern English army led by Edwin, Earl of Mercia, and his brother Morcar, Earl of Northumbria, at the Battle of Fulford, outside York. Following this victory they received the surrender of York. Having briefly occupied the city and taken hostages and supplies from the city they returned towards their ships at Riccall. They offered peace to the Northumbrians in exchange for their support for Hardrada's bid for the throne, and demanded further hostages from the whole of Yorkshire. At this time King Harold was in Southern England, anticipating an invasion from France by William, Duke of Normandy, another contender for the English throne. Learning of the Norwegian invasion he headed north at great speed with his huscarls and as many thegns as he could gather, travelling day and night. He made the journey from London to Yorkshire, a distance of about 185 miles (298 km), in only four days, enabling him to take the Norwegians completely by surprise. Having learned that the Northumbrians had been ordered to send the additional hostages and supplies to the Norwegians at Stamford Bridge, Harold hurried on through York to attack them at this rendezvous on 25 September. Until the English army came into view the invaders remained unaware of the presence of a hostile army anywhere in the vicinity. Location Manuscripts C, D and E of the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle" all mention Stamford Bridge by name. Manuscript C contains a passage that states "... came upon them beyond the bridge ....". Henry of Huntington mentions Stamford Bridge and describes part of the battle being fought across the bridge. The exact location of the battle site is not known for certain. We know that it took place along the Derwent River where a wooden bridge crossed the water. There are indications of a meadow on the west side of the river and higher ground on the eastern side. The original bridge no longer exists, and no archaeological traces of it remain. The traditional locating of part of the battle at Battle Flats is based on no contemporary references. Statements that in the 18th-century skeletons and weapons were found there have not been corroborated by modern finds. Battle According to Snorri Sturluson, before the battle a single man rode up alone to Harald Hardrada and Tostig. He gave no name, but spoke to Tostig, offering the return of his earldom if he would turn against Hardrada. Tostig asked what his brother Harold would be willing to give Hardrada for his trouble. The rider replied "Seven feet of English ground, as he is taller than other men." Then he rode back to the Saxon host. Hardrada was impressed by the rider's boldness, and asked Tostig who he was. Tostig replied that the rider was Harold Godwinson himself. According to Henry of Huntingdon, Harold said "Six feet of ground or as much more as he needs, as he is taller than most men." The sudden appearance of the English army caught the Norwegians by surprise. The English advance was then delayed by the need to pass through the choke-point presented by the bridge itself. The "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle" has it that a giant Norse axeman (possibly armed with a Dane Axe) blocked the narrow crossing and single-handedly held up the entire English army. The story is that this axeman cut down up to 40 Englishmen and was defeated only when an English soldier floated under the bridge in a half-barrel and thrust his spear through the planks in the bridge, mortally wounding the axeman. This delay had allowed the bulk of the Norse army to form a shieldwall to face the English attack. Harold's army poured across the bridge, forming a line just short of the Norse army, locked shields and charged. The battle went far beyond the bridge itself, and although it raged for hours, the Norse army's decision to leave their armor behind left them at a distinct disadvantage. Eventually, the Norse army began to fragment and fracture, allowing the English troops to force their way in and break up the Scandinavians' shield wall. Completely outflanked, and with Hardrada killed with an arrow to his windpipe and Tostig slain, the Norwegian army disintegrated and was virtually annihilated. In the later stages of the battle, the Norwegians were reinforced by troops who had been guarding the ships at Riccall, led by Eystein Orre, Hardrada's prospective son-in-law. Some of his men were said to have collapsed and died of exhaustion upon reaching the battlefield. The remainder were fully armed for battle. Their counter-attack, described in the Norwegian tradition as "Orre's Storm," briefly checked the English advance, but was soon overwhelmed and Orre was slain. The Norwegian army were routed. As given in the Chronicles, pursued by the English army, some of the fleeing Norsemen drowned whilst crossing rivers. So many died in an area so small that the field was said to have been still whitened with bleached bones 50 years after the battle. Aftermath King Harold accepted a truce with the surviving Norwegians, including Harald's son Olaf and Paul Thorfinnsson, Earl of Orkney. They were allowed to leave after giving pledges not to attack England again. The losses the Norwegians had suffered were so severe that only 24 ships from the fleet of over 300 were needed to carry the survivors away. They withdrew to Orkney, where they spent the winter, and in the spring Olaf returned to Norway. The kingdom was then divided and shared between him and his brother Magnus, whom Harald had left behind to govern in his absence. Harold's victory was short-lived. Three days after the battle, on 28 September, a second invasion army led by William, Duke of Normandy, landed in Pevensey Bay, Sussex, on the south coast of England. Harold had to immediately turn his troops around and force-march them southwards to intercept the Norman army. Less than three weeks after Stamford Bridge, on 14 October 1066, the English army was decisively defeated and King Harold II fell in action at the Battle of Hastings, beginning the Norman conquest of England, a process facilitated by the heavy losses amongst the English military commanders. Monuments Two monuments to the battle have been erected in and around the village of Stamford Bridge. Village monument The first memorial is located in the village on Main Street (A116). The monument's inscription reads (in both English and Norwegian): THE BATTLE OF STAMFORD BRIDGE WAS FOUGHT IN THIS NEIGHBOURHOOD ON SEPTEMBER 25TH, 1066 The inscription on the accompanying marble tablet reads: THE BATTLE OF STAMFORD BRIDGE KING HAROLD OF ENGLAND DEFEATED HIS BROTHER TOSTIG AND KING HARDRAADA [sic] OF NORWAY HERE ON 25 SEPTEMBER 1066 Battlefield monument A second monument is located at the battlefield site at the end of Whiterose Drive. This monument consists of a memorial stone and plaque detailing the events and outcome of the battle. The plaque points out that: "This viewpoint overlooks the site of the Battle of Stamford Bridge, fought by King Harold of England against the invading Norse army of Hardrada."
    
13. Title: Alwin the Sheriff, ancestor of the Arden or Arderne family, in the Domesday Book ~ https://opendomesday.org/ [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: https://opendomesday.org/;
    Note: Alwin the Sheriff, ancestor of the Arden or Arderne family, in the Domesday Book ~ https://opendomesday.org/ [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Alwin the Sheriff, ancestor of the Arden or Arderne family, in the Domesday Book ~ https://opendomesday.org/ [See document in the Memories section]
    
14. Title: Wigot, Alwin and Turchill in Dugdale's The Antiquities of Warwickshire, pg. 301-302 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: Dugdale's The Antiquities of Warwickshire, pg. 301-302
    Note: Wigot, Alwin and Turchill in Dugdale's The Antiquities of Warwickshire, pg. 301-302 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Wigot, Alwin and Turchill in Dugdale's The Antiquities of Warwickshire, pg. 301-302 [See document in the Memories section]
    
15. Title: Twenty-eight generations of The Arden Family by James Frederick Bell ~http://www.spanglefish.com/TheArdenTree/index.asp?pageid=683301 [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: http://www.spanglefish.com/TheArdenTree/index.asp?pageid=683301;
    Note: Twenty-eight generations of The Arden Family by James Frederick Bell ~http://www.spanglefish.com/TheArdenTree/index.asp?pageid=683301 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Twenty-eight generations of The Arden Family by James Frederick Bell ~http://www.spanglefish.com/TheArdenTree/index.asp?pageid=683301 [See document in the Memories section]
    
16. Title: "Warwick castle and its earls : from Saxon times to the present day," by Frances Evelyn Maynard Greville, Countess of Warwick, 1861-1938
    Publication: Name: https://archive.org/details/cu31924050615214/page/n73/mode/2up?q=Thurkill;
    Note: Turkill, the Traitor Earl— Why he was not at Hastings— How the Conqueror favoured him— How he changed his Name, and was the Ancestor of William Shakespeare. WE have now done with the collapsing legends, and may tread upon the solid floor of history. Facts are at last at our disposal — trustworthy, though not as yet superabundant. We cannot go into many details; but we are sure of our ground, such as it is. The last Earl of Warwick whom we mentioned was Wygotus, who is said to have married the sister of the Lady Godiva's husband, Leofric, Earl of Mercia. A Harleian MS. is our authority for the statement that he had by her Alwine, Earl of Warwick, slain by the Danes at Stamford Hill, in the first year of the reign of Harold, son of Godwin, Earl of Wessex; and that Alwine, in his turn, had a son, Thurkill, Earl of Warwick, who married a Countess of Perche. About Thurkill (or Turchill, as the name is sometimes written) we really know facts, from Domesday Book, from Dugdale's "Baronage," and from a few other sources. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that he was present at the consecration of the minster of Assandune in 1020; that he was outlawed by King Cnut, 1021, but received into favour again, and entrusted with the government of Denmark in 1023; also that he marched against the Welsh with "Elfyet and many good men" to avenge the death of Edwin, brother of Leofric of and vanquisht King Harold, and though he were then a man of especial note and power yet he did give no assistance to Harold in that Battail, as may easily be seen from the favour he received at the hands of the Conqueror, for by the General Survey begun about the 14. of King William's Reign, it appears that he then continued possest of vast lands in this Shire, and yet whereof was neither the borough, or castle of Warwick any part." His possessions are enumerated in Domesday Book. There are no fewer than seventy entries under his name, of which the following may serve as examples : — "Robert de Olgi holds of Turchil, in Dercelai (probably Dosthill), 2 hides in mortgage. The arable employs 3 ploughs. There are 7 villeins, with 2 ploughs, and 2 bondmen. A mill pays 3 2d., and there are 10 acres of meadow. Wood 2 furlongs long, and the same broad. It was worth 3CS., now 40s. Untain held it." The reason why Thurkill refrained from opposing the Conqueror is clear enough. His relatives, the Earls of Mercia, Leofric, and his successors ^Ifgar and Morkere, had been constantly in arms against Harold, whom Mercia generally had never really recognised as King of England. Posterity, however, without taking account of his reason, has contemptuously styled him "the Traitor Earl," and he certainly profited by his treachery. Though William later on took some of his estates for the endowment of the new Earldom of Warwick, Thurkill's son held of the new Earl, holding by sergeantry in his household, and taking the name of de Arden; and Thurkill himself, as a mark of special favour, was allowed to retain his property for life, and was even appointed custos of the newly fortified town of Warwick. That is all there is to be said about him, except that he has a further claim on our interest through the most illustrious of his descendants. Observe : — "TuRCHiLL was twice married; by his second wife Leverunia, daughter, according to Drummond, of Algar, son and successor of Leofric, Earl of Mercia, he had a son, Osbert de Arden, whose daughter and heir. Amice, carried the ancient seat of the Mercian kings, called after them Kingsbury, to her husband Peter de Bracebridge, of Bracebridge, co. Lincoln, and one of their descendants, Alice Bracebridge, became the wife of Sir John Arden, Knight, elder brother of Thomas Arden, maternal great-grandfather of William Shakspeare." So it is written in "Shakespeareana Genealogica." Among the literary associations of the Earldom of Warwick — which it will be seen, as our narrative pro- ceeds, are fairly numerous — this, the earliest and most glorious, is also, in all probability, the least known. Most Earls of Warwick have almost certainly lived and died without ever discovering their connection with England's greatest poet.
    
17. Title: Wikiwand: High Sheriff of Warwickshire
    Author: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/High_Sheriff_of_Warwickshire;
    Note: This is a list of sheriffs and high sheriffs of the English county of Warwickshire. The Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. Formerly the Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that its functions are now largely ceremonial. Under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, on 1 April 1974 the office previously known as Sheriff was retitled High Sheriff. The High Sheriff changes every March. For a period prior to the middle of the 16th century the Sheriff of Warwickshire was also the Sheriff of Leicestershire. Sheriffs 11th and 12th centuries . 1066 Ælfwine of Warwick . 1070–1086: Robert d'Oilly . 1086 William FitzCorbucion . c.1121: Geoffrey de Clinton . 1125–1128: Hugh de Warelville . 1129: Richard Basset with Aubrey de Vere II . 1154: Geoffrey Clinton . 1155–1156: Robert fitz Hugh . 1157: William de Beauchamp and Robert fitz Hardulph From 1158 to 1566 the Sheriff of Warwickshire was also Sheriff of Leicestershire . 1158: Bertram de Bulmer and Ralph Basset . 1159: Ralph Basset . 1160: William Basset . 1161: Robert fitz Geoffrey and William Basset . 1162: William Basset . 1163: Ranulf de Glanvill and William Basset . 1164–1168: William Basset of Sapcote . 1169–1178: Bertram de Verdon . 1179: Ranulf de Glanvill and Bertram de Verdon . 1180–1186: Ranulf de Glanvill . 1187–1189: Michael Belet . 1190: Hugh Nonant, Bishop of Coventry . 1191: Hugh Bardulf and Hugh Clarke[4] . 1192: Hugh Nonant, Gilbert de Segrave of Segrave and Reginald Basset (jointly) . 1193: Reginald Basset . 1194: Reginald Basset and Gilbert de Segrave . 1195: Reginald Basset, Gilbert de Segrave and William d'Aubigni . 1196: Reginald Basset . 1197: Reginald Basset, Gilbert de Segrave and William d'Aubigni . 1198: Robert Harecourt . 1199: Reginald Basset . 1200: Robert Harecourt . 13th century . 1201: Robert Harecourt and Godfrey de Liege . 1202: William de Cantelupe and Robert Poyer . 1203: Robert Poyer . 1204–1207: Hugh Chaucomber . 1208–1209: Robert Roppest . 1210: William de Cantelupo and Robert Poyer . 1212–1215: Robert of Ropsley . 1217: William de Cantelupo and Philip Kniton . 1218–1219: Philip Kniton . 1220: William de Cantelupo and William de Luditon . 1221–1222: William de Luditon . 1223: John Russell and John Winterborne . 1224–1226: Robert Lupus . 1227: William Stutevill and William Ascellis . 1228: William Ascellis . 1229: Stephen de Segrave and William Edmonds . 1230–1231: William Edmonds . 1232: Stephen de Segrave and John de Riparis . 1233: Ralph Bray . 1234: Ralph fitz Nicholas and Ralph Brewedon . 1235: Ralph and William Erleg. . 1236–1237: William de Lucy . 1238: Hugh Pollier and Philip Ascett . 1239–1246: Hugh Pollier . 1247–1248: Baldwin Paunton . 1249–1251: Philip Marmion . 1252–1255: William Maunsel . 1256: Alan Swinford . 1257–1258: Anketil Mativaus . 1259–1270: William Bagot . 1271: William Bagot and William Morteyn . 1272–1274: William Mortimer . 1275–1277: William Hamelin . 1278: Robert de Verdon and Thomas de Hasele . 1279–1283: Robert de Verdon and Osbert Bereford[6] . 1284–1285: Robert de Verdon and Osbert Bereford and Thomas Farendon . 1286: Thomas Farendon and Fulk de Lacy . 1287: Fulk de Lucy . 1288–1289: William Bonvill . 1290–1291: Stephen Baber . 1292: Stephen Baber and William de Castello . 1293–1297: William de Castello . 1298–1299: John Broughton 14th century . 1300–1301: Philip de Gayton . 1302–1304: John le Dene and Richard Herehus . 1305–1306: Richard Whitnere . 1307: John le Dene and Geoffrey Segrave . 1308–1309: Richard Herthull . 1310–1311: John le Dene . 1312–1313: John Olney . 1314–1315: William Trussell . 1316: Walter de Beauchamp . 1317: Walter de Beauchamp and William Newill . 1318: Ralph Beler of Kettleby . 1319: William Nevill . 1320–1321: Thomas le Rous . 1322: . 1323–1325: Henry Nottingham, Robert Morin and Oliver Waleys . 1327: Roger Aylesbury . 1328: Thomas Blancfront . 1329: Robert Burdet . 1330: Robert Burdet and Roger la Zouch . 1331–1332: Roger Aylesbury . 1333: Henry Hockley and Roger la Zouch . 1334–1340: Roger la Zouch . 1341: William Pieto . 1342: Robert Bereford . 1343–1344: John Waleys (son of Oliver, HS 1323) . 1345–1369: Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick . 1370: John Peach . 1371: William Catesby . 1372: Robert Harthull . 1373: Roger Hillary . 1374: John Boyvill . 1375: John Burdet of Huncote, Leics . 1376: William Breton . 1377: Richard Harthull . 1377: Roger Perewych . 1378: John de Bermingham . 1379: Sir William Flamville of Aston Flamville, Leics . 1380: Thomas Ralegh . 1381: Thomas de Bermingham . 1382–1383: William Bagot of Bagington, Warks . 1384: John de Bermingham . 1385: Sir John Calveleigh of Stapleford, Leics. and Teigh . 1386: John Parker . 1387: Richard Ashby . 1388: Sir William Flamville of Aston Flamville, Leics . 1389: Adomar de Lichfield . 1390: Sir Robert de Harington of Glooston, Leics . 1391: John Malloery of Swinford . 1392: Thomas de Woodford of Sproxton . 1393: Thomas Oudeby of Stoke Dry, Rutland and Hathern, Leics . 1394: Robert Veer of Thrapston, Leics . 1395: Sir Henry Neville of Prestwold, Leics . 1396: Robert Goushul . 1397: John Eynesford . 1398: Adomar de Lichfield . 1399: Sir John Berkeley, Kt of Coston and Wymondham, Leics . 1400: Sir Henry Neville, Kt of Prestwold, leics 15th century . 1400: Sir Henry Neville, Kt of Prestwold, Leics . 1402: Sir Alfed Trussell, Kt of Nuthurst, Warks . 1403: John Blaket . 1404: Sir William Brokesby . 1405: Sir John Berkeley, Kt . 1406: Sir Thomas Lucy, Kt of Charlecote Park, Warks. . 1407: John Parr . 1408: Sir Henry Neville, Kt of Prestwold, Leics . 1409: Sir William Brokesby of Shoby, Leics. . 1410: Robert Castell of Withinbroke, Warks. . 1411: Bartholemew Brokesby . 1413: Thomas Crewe of Moor Hall in Wixford, Warws. . 1414: Sir Richard Hastings, Kt . 1415: Sir Thomas Burdet, Kt of Arrow . 1416: John Mallory of Newbold Revel, Warks. . 1417: William Bishopton . 1418: John Salveyn . 1419: Bartholemew Brokesby . 1420–1421: Thomas Erdington of Erdington, Warks. and Thomas Maureward . 1422: Sir Richard Hastings, Kt . 1423: Humphrey Stafford . 1424: John Mallory of Newbold Revel, Warks. . 1425: Richard Cloddale . 1426: Sir Richard Hastings, Kt . 1427: Thomas Stanley . 1428: William Peyto of Chesterton, Warks. . 1429: Nicholas Rugeley of Dunton, Warwickshire . 1430: Humphrey Stafford . 1431: Sir William Mountfort, Kt of Coleshill-in-Arden, Warks . 1432: Sir Richard Hastings, Kt . 1433: Thomas Foulshurst . 1434: Thomas Ardington . 1435: William Lucy . 1436: Sir William Peyto, Kt of Chesterton, Warks. . 1437: Robert Ardern . 1438: Sir Humphrey Stafford, Kt . 1439: Sir Laurence Berkeley of Wymondham, Leics. . 1440: Thomas Ashby of Lowesford . 1441: Sir William Mountfort, Kt of Coleshill-in-Arden . 1442: William Bermingham and Lawrence Sherrard of Stapleford, Leics. . 1443: Lawrence Sherrard . 1444: Robert Harcourt of Bosworth, Leics. . 1445: Sir Thomas Erdington, Kt of Barrow, Leics . 1446: Thomas Everingham . 1447: Thomas Porter and William Purefoy . 1448: William Purefoy . 1449: William Lucy . 1450: Sir William Mountfort, Kt of Coleshill-in-Arden . 1451: Sir Robert Motun, Kt . 1452: Sir William Bermingham, Kt . 1453: Sir Edward or Leonard Hastings . 1454: Thomas Berkeley of Wymondham . 1455: William Hastings . 1456: Thomas Walsh of Wanlip, Leics . 1457: Thomas Maston . 1458: Henry Filongley of Fillongley, Warks . 1459: Sir Edmund Mountford, Kt . 1460: . 1461: Thomas Ferrers . 1462–1463: John Grevill . 1464: Sir William Harcourt, Kt . 1465: John Huggford . 1466: Thomas Thockmorton of Coughton Court, Warks. . 1467: Ralph Woodford of Knipton, Leics. . 1468: Sir Edward Raleigh, Kt . 1469: Sir Thomas Ferrers, Kt . 1470: Sir John Grevill, Kt . 1471: Sir Simon Mountford, Kt . 1472: William Motun . 1473: John Huggford . 1474: Sir John Grevill, Kt . 1475: William Lucy . 1476: Sir William Trussell, Kt . 1477: John Branfitz . 1478: Sir John Grevill, Kt . 1479: Sir Thomas Pulteney of Misterton Hall, Leics . 1480: Richard Boughton of Lauford, Warks. . 1481: Thomas Colesey or Cocksey . 1482: Sir Everard (or Edward) Fielding . 1483: Thomas Entwysel . 1483: Humphrey Beaufort of Guys Cliff, Warks. . 1484: Richard Broughton and Robert Throgmorton . 1485: John Digby . 1486: Henry Lisle . 1487: Robert Throgmorton . 1488: Sir William Lucy, Kt . 1489: Thomas Brereton . 1490: Sir John Villiers Kt of Brokesby, Leics . 1491: Robert Throgmorton . 1492: Sir Thomas Pulteney, Kt of Misterton Hall, Leics . 1493: Sir Ralph Shirley . 1494: Sir John Villiers, Kt of Brooksby, Leics . 1496: Sir Edward Raleigh, Kt . 1496: William Brookesby . 1497: Thomas Neville . 1498: Sir Richard Pudsey, Kt . 1499: Sir John Villiers, Kt of Brooksby, Leics . 1500: Thomas Hasilrigg 16th century . 1501: Edward Belknap . 1502: Nicholas Mallory . 1503: Henry Lisle . 1504: Nicholas Brome . 1505: Sir Henry Willoughby . 1506: Sir Edward Raleigh . 1507: Thomas Trussel . 1508: William Skeffington of Skeffington, Leics. . 1509: Simon Digby . 1510: Sir John Aston, Kt . 1511: Sir Maurice Berkeley . 1512: William Turpin . 1513: Sir Edward Ferrers, Kt . 1514: Sir John Digby, Kt . 1515: Sir William Skeffington of Skeffington, Leics. . 1516: Sir Maurice Berkeley . 1517: Simon Digby . 1518: Sir Edward Digby, Kt . 1518: Sir Edward Ferrers, Kt . 1519: Sir Henry Willoughby, Kt . 1520: Everard Digby of Tilton, Leics. and Stoke Dry, Rutland . 1521: Sir William Skeffington of Skeffington, Leics. . 1522: William Browne . 1523: Edward Conway . 1524: Sir Thomas Lucy, Kt . 1525: Sir Henry Willoughby, Kt . 1526: Sir George Throckmorton, Kt . 1527: Sir Thomas Poulteney, Kt . 1528: Roger Ratcliffe . 1529: Richard Verney . 1530: Christopher Villiers of Burstal . 1531: Sir John Villers of Brooksby Hall . 1532: Sir John Harington of Exton, Rutland . 1533: John Audley . 1534: Reginald Digby . 1535: William...
    
18. Title: Arden (Arderne) Ancestors in the History of the Forest and Chase of Sutton Coldfield, pg. 21-22 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: History of the Forest and Chase of Sutton Coldfield, pg. 21-22
    Note: Arden (Arderne) Ancestors in the History of the Forest and Chase of Sutton Coldfield, pg. 21-22 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Arden (Arderne) Ancestors in the History of the Forest and Chase of Sutton Coldfield, pg. 21-22 [See document in the Memories section]
    
19. Title: Geni: Ælfwine, sheriff of Warwick
    Author: Added by: Ollie Mae Sirmons on October 28, 2008 Managed by: William Adam Raby and 10 others Curated by: Marsha Gail Kamish
    Publication: Name: https://www.geni.com/people/%C3%86lfwine-sheriff-of-Warwick/6000000014726612745?through=6000000039791347578;
    Note: Ælfwine Gender: Male Birth: circa 1042 Herefordshire, England Death: circa 1083 (32-49) Hertfordshire, England Immediate Family: Son of Wigod de Wallinford, Saxon thegn or lord of Wallingford and Erminhild de Mercia Husband of Cecilia Father of Wulfsige of Lichfield, Bishop of Lichfield; Daughter; Turchill of Kinsbury de Warwick; Leofstan; Henricus Leche and 2 others Brother of Lady Ealdgyth de Wallingford; Turchil of Warwick and Tokig (Toking) About View in: English (default) history Ryton-on-Dunsmore was one of the villages given by Earl Leofric to Coventry Priory in 1043 [Dugdale, Mon. Angl. iii, 191]. [1] Ælfwine of Warwick was a Sherriff of Warwickshire under William the Conquorer, and one of the few Anglo-Saxons to retain their lands after the conquest Wulfwine the man of God. FROM BURKE'S COMMONERS: ALWVNE, who in the general survey, is styled, Alwinus Vicecomes. " The reason whereof," observes Dugdale, " I conceive to be either, because that he did exercise the power and authority of the Earle of Mercia, (seil. Earl Leofrike, his uncle) here in Warwickshire as his ancestors had done, for which respect he and they have been reputed earls, as I have already showed, and have ranckt them in that degree ; or else that he hath the custody of the county to the king's immediate use." Alwine left issue, TURCHILL DE WARWICK. From: John Ravilious GEN-MEDIEVAL ARCHIVES Subject: A Domesday descent: Thorkill of Warwick to William Farrar Date: Fri, 20 Jan 2006 Æthelwine of Warwick Death: ca 1083[1],[2] sheriff of Warwick Children: Thorkill, Guthmund, Ketelbern REFERENCES: 1. Domesday People 429 2. R. Bevan, "Agnes, wife of Geoffrey de Clinton," 10 July 2000, cites DD 429 and other sources Children 1. Turchil de ARDEN b: ABT 1060 in of Arden, Warwickshire, England 2. Guthmund b: ABT 1063 in of Warwickshire, England 3. Ketelbern b: ABT 1065 in of Warwickshire, England Sources: 1. Title: Domesday People Author: K. S. B. Keats-Rohan Publication: Boydell Press Repository: Media: Book Note: University of Georgia Library Date: 1999 Place: Woodbridge, England Date: 1 Mar 2007 Page: 429 2. Title: Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain, and Ireland Enjoying Terrirtorial Possessions or High Offical Rank; But Uninvested With Heritable Honours Abbrev: Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners Author: John Burke Publication: Published for Henry Colburn, by R. Bentley Text: Original from Oxford University Digitized 19 May 2006 by GoogleBooks Date: 1835 Date: 9 Jul 2008 Page: vol 1, p 637 3. Title: Gen-Medieval Archives Publication: rootsweb.com Note: http://searches2.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/listsearch.pl?list=GEN-MEDIEVAL Date: 3 Feb 2008 Date: 3 Feb 2008 Page: John Ravilious, A Domesday descent: Thorkill of Warwick to William Farrar , Fri, 20 Jan 2006 First name means friend of the elves -- used by Tolkien... [1] The Visitation of the County of Warwick in the Year 1619, p. 176, More Info: http://familytrees.genopro.com/Azrael/Skaggs/Horne-Aelfwine-ind31220.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86lfwine_of_Warwick http://cybergata.com/roots/3861.htm http://www.cft-win.com/getperson.php?personID=I103408&tree=Norway Immediate Family Showing 12 of 13 people Cecilia wife Wulfsige of Lichfield, Bishop of... son Daughter daughter Turchill of Kinsbury de Warwick son Leofstan son Henricus Leche son Guthmund son Ketelbern son Erminhild de Mercia mother Wigod de Wallinford, Saxon thegn... father Lady Ealdgyth de Wallingford sister Turchil of Warwick brother
    
20. Title: Alwin and Turchil in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: http://www.british-history.ac.uk;
    Note: Alwin and Turchil in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Alwin and Turchil in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    
21. Title: Arden (Arderne) ancestors in A Companion and Key to the History of England, pg. 681 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: A Companion and Key to the History of England, pg. 681
    Note: Arden (Arderne) ancestors in A Companion and Key to the History of England, pg. 681 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Arden (Arderne) ancestors in A Companion and Key to the History of England, pg. 681 [See document in the Memories section]
    
22. Title: Turchill of Warwick in the Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. II, pg. 355, 357-358 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. II, pg. 357-358
    Note: Turchill of Warwick in the Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. II, pg. 355, 357-358 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Alwin and Turchill in the Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. II, pg. 357-358 [See document in the Memories section]
    
23. Title: Wikiwand: Bear and Ragged Staff
    Author: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bear_and_Ragged_Staff;
    Note: The Bear and Ragged Staff is a heraldic emblem or badge associated with the Earldom of Warwick. The Ragged Staff is believed to refer to Morvidus, an early legendary Earl of Warwick who is said to have slain a giant "with a young ash tree torn up by the roots." The emblem of a bear (Latin ursus) is believed to refer to Urse d'Abetot (c. 1040 – 1108), 1st feudal baron of Salwarpe[ in Worcestershire, a Norman who followed King William the Conqueror to England, and served as Sheriff of Worcestershire. His heir was his son-in-law Walter de Beauchamp (died 1130/3), whose descendant was William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick (c.1238-1298), the eldest son of William de Beauchamp of Elmley by his wife Isabel de Mauduit, sister and heiress of William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick. Turnbull (1995) however suggests that the bear emblem came from another early legendary Earl of Warwick named Arthal, which he suggests signifies "a bear." Similarly the proto-heraldic emblem of Sir Reginald FitzUrse (1145–1173), one of the four knights who murdered Thomas Becket in 1170, was a bear. The emblem was also adopted by Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester (1532-1588) of Kenilworth Castle in Warwickshire, younger brother of Ambrose Dudley, 3rd Earl of Warwick, descended from Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick (1382-1439) and especially fascinated by his Beauchamp descent. His monument in the Collegiate Church of St Mary, Warwick, displays the Bear and Ragged Staff emblem. The emblem is today used on the flag of the historic county of Warwickshire.
    
24. Title: Wikiwand: Ælfwine of Warwick
    Author: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/%C3%86lfwine_of_Warwick;
    Note: Ælfwine of Warwick was a Sheriff of Warwickshire under William the Conquorer, and one of the few Anglo-Saxons to retain their lands after the conquest. Family His mother was Erminhild de Warwick and his father was Wigod de Wallingford, Earl of Wallington and a descendant of both Egbert III of England, and Charles Martel. His wife was Horne and children were . Turchill of Kinsbury de Warwick also known as Thorkell of Arden who was a knight and Earl of Warrckshire, who married Leverunia and through whom was the progenitor of the Arden family in Warwickshire. . Leofstan, . Gudmund, His sister Ealdgyth was the wife of Robert d'Oilly, who succeeded him as Sheriff. Estates He was the owner of Ryton-on-Dunsmore, an estate "assessed at 3½ hides and including woodland half a league by 2 furlongs, and a mill worth 12s." and a benefactor of Coventry Abbey.
    
25. Title: Pedigree of Alwin, Turchill, Simon, Peter, Ralph and Osbert (Arden) in Dugdale's The Antiquities of Warwickshire, pg. 676 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: Dugdale's The Antiquities of Warwickshire, pg. 676
    Note: Pedigree of Alwin, Turchill, Simon, Peter, Ralph and Osbert (Arden) in Dugdale's The Antiquities of Warwickshire, pg. 676 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Pedigree of Alwin, Turchill, Simon, Peter, Ralph and Osbert (Arden) in Dugdale's The Antiquities of Warwickshire, pg. 676 [See document in the Memories section]
    
26. Title: Alwin the Sheriff in Wikipedia ~https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki Ælfwine_of_Warwick [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki Ælfwine_of_Warwick;
    Note: Alwin the Sheriff in Wikipedia ~https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki Ælfwine_of_Warwick [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Alwin the Sheriff in Wikipedia ~https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki Ælfwine_of_Warwick [See document in the Memories section]