Icel Son of Eomær Founder of the Iclinga of East Anglia

• Preferred Name: Icel Son of Eomær Founder of the Iclinga of East Anglia^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• Nickname:
  
• Death: 535 in Kingdom of Mercia, Anglia at LATI: N2.4379 LONG: E1.6496
  
• Alt.+Birth: ABT 460 in Sachsen, Ancient Saxony at LATI: N1 LONG: E3.25
  
• Clan Name: with note: Description: eponymous ancestor of his grandfather's family, the Iclingas.
  
• Life Sketch: 500 with note: Description: settled in Britain in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England
  
• Birth: ABT 450 in Kingdom of Mercia, Anglia at LATI: N2.4379 LONG: E1.6496
  
• Life Sketch: with note: Description: Icel (or Icil) was an early king of Mercia, according to an eighth-century life of St Guthlac.[1] Early genealogies record him as the great-grandfather of Creoda of Mercia and the son of Eomer, last King of the Angles in Europe. Icel led his people across
  
• FSID: LT1J-XVW
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Icel (c. 460 – c. 535), also spelt Icil, is a possible king of Mercia. He was supposedly the son of Eomer (443–489), last King of the Angles in Angeln. Icel supposedly led his people across the North Sea to Britain around 515 during the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain. Icel was the eponymous ancestor of his grandfather's family, the Iclingas.
  He became king of Anglia upon his father's death in 489 and was the last king of Anglia, migrating to England around 515. During the same year, he became king of Mercia.
  
  By 527, Icel had worked his way through East Anglia and into Mercia, as it has been reported in the 13th century manuscript known as the Flores Historiarum: “Pagans came from Germany and occupied East Anglia, that is, the country of the East Angles; and some of them invaded Mercia, and waged war against the British.” By his death c. 535, it is reported that Icel held large portions of both East Anglia and Mercia, and therefore could be considered the first true king of Mercia. Icel was succeeded by Cnebba shortly after his death.
  
  === zieht 477 nach England, 1. Kg. d. Angeln ===
  zieht 477 nach England, 1. Kg. d. Angeln
  
  === He commanded an attack under Aelle throu ===
  He commanded an attack under Aelle through Colchester, toward the Trent Valley. The attack was successful, leading to the establishment of the Angles kingdom of Mercia, although Aelle was later defeated by native Briton "Arthur" (Ambrosius Aurelianus).
  
  === [JaneMorgan.FTW]
  
  From: P L Kessler [JaneMorgan.FTW]
  
  From: P L Kessler , History Files, The - The King Lists, 1999-2002, Home Publishing, homepages.tesco.net/~plk33/plk33:
  
  The Iclingas
  
  From c. AD 520 - this band of Angles gradmaclly moved west over the Midlands, pushing back the borders of British kingdoms such as Cynwidion and Pengwern, although the latter was a strong ally against the Northumbrians from 613-656.
  
  AD 584 - by this time various other Anglian settlements had sprung up, and the Iclingas gradmaclly extended the range of their power, slowly amalgamating the Saxon and Anglian kingdoms around the Midlands. They eventually became know by the territory they conquered, and Mercia evolved into a major Anglo-Saxon kingdom.
  
  _________________________________
  From www.hickling.swinternet.co.uk:
  
  The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records the genealogy of king Penda of Mercia as follows:
  
  *
  
  an.DCXXVI .... penda waes pybbing . pybba creoding . creoda cynewalding . cynewald cnebbing . cnebba iceling . icel eomaering . eomaer angeltheowing . angeltheow offing . offa waemunding . waemund wihtlaeging . wihtlaeg wodening . .....
  *
  
  In the year 626. .... Penda was son of Pybba, Pybba son of Creoda, Creoda son of Cynewald, Cynewald son of Cnebba , Cnebba son of Icel, Icel son of Eomaer, Eomaer son of Angeltheow, Angeltheow son of Offa, Offa son of Waemund, Waemund son of Wihtlaeg, Wihtlaeg son of Woden .....
  
  Penda claimed descent from the royal family of the continental Angles descended from Woden through Offa king of Angeln (in Slesvig) - one of main heroes of Germanic legend remembered as . The fact that the Mercian royal family was known as Icelingas strengthens the claim that it was Icel and his son Cnebba Iceling who came to Britain in AD 499.
  
  The Icelingas entered Britain through the estuaries of the Wash and the Trent. They settled in navigable river valleys and areas served by Roman canals. Roman influence had wained some 100 years earlier although the network of roads and canals remained. The English settlements became part of a sophisticated and prosperous society never far away from means of communication by navigable rivers and canals or stone surfaced causeways and roads.
  
  SOURCES: Bede: Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation, The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Roman Britain: Cllingwood & Myers, pp.356, 416-417. Anglo-Saxon England; Prof F M Stenton. Chronicon ex Chronicis; Florence of Worcester. The Lost Kingdom - Anglo-Saxon Lindsey; K Leaby & C M Coutts.
  
  ICKELINGS OF THE PAGAN AND HEROIC TRADITION
  
  Early pagan literature such as Beowulf, supplemented by recent archaeological discoveries, provide insight into the beliefs of the Angles which were very similar to those of some non-christian civilizations today. There was a belief in life hereafter and a profound respect for their ancestors. The more distant and admired ancestors assumed in legend the stature of gods, e.g. Tiuw, Woden, Thor and Freyr, after whom the days of the week were named in Anglo-Saxon England.
  
  In 1997 Northamptonshire archaeologists excavated a pagan and heroic burial in the gravel plain of the Nene Valley at Wollaston. It was the grave of an Anglian nobleman at the side of a road leading to a Roman vineyard and has been dated about AD 650. The most important content of the grave was a boar-crested helmet like those so often referred to in Beowulf. The boar which symbolised strength and was associated with the goddess Freyr would have been worn by Ickeling leaders of the time.
  
  "He was a nobleman and the boar insignia on his helmet could mean that he was a prince. He appears to have died when middle-aged, so he had probably become a war leader by fighting many bloody battles in his youth. He would have grown up in a village, living in a timber-framed long-house with a thatched roof. As an aristocrat he would have learned how to fight with a spear and sword from an early age. He would have honed his skills hunting wild boar, deer, bear and wolf in the forests that covered the country. As he grew older he would have carved out a name for himself leading bands of men into war against rival tribes. After a hard day of hunting and pillaging he would have come home to his wives and children. A goat, sheep or part of a cow would be thrown into the long-hut's cauldron and his band would drink beer, mead or wine. The prince would have led a very war-like lifestyle. Even when he died his sword was buried with hime to prepare him for a similar existence in the after-life." Prof. R Cramp of Durham University, England.
  
  From meagre surviving records it appears that the first king of Mercia was Creoda ruling from 585 and he was an Ickeling. He was succeeded by his son Pybba in 597. The most famous Ickeling and last of the "old pagan religion" was king Penda (582-654) and his genealogy links him with Woden and his spouse Freyr. The penny coin is named after him. A formidable ruler he rivalled the power of the Christian Northumbrian kings. The rivalry between the two kingdoms was notorious. Penda had defeated and killed Edwin in 633 and Oswald in 642. Both Penda and his spouse Cyneuise remained lifelong adherents to their inherited beliefs at a time when the conversion of the English to Christianity was proceeding apace. Their eldest son Peada had been made Prince of the Middle Angles by Penda. In 653, Peada along with all the Middle Angles became Christian converts in order to marry Alchfled, daughter of Penda's rival, king Oswy of Northumbria. This did not deter Penda from continuing his campaigns against Northumbria and in the following year on 15 Nov 654, Penda was defeated and killed at the battle of the river Winwaed by Oswy and this was hailed by Bede as a victory for Christ over the pagan gods.
  
  SOURCES: Bede: Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation, The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Beowulf. The 'Pioneer' Burial: Ian Meadows: Current Archaeology 154. Northampton Chronicle & Echo, 23 April 1997. Prof Rosemary Cramp of Durham University.
  
  ________________________________________
  From www.bartleby.com/ - The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Edition, 2001:
  
  Anglo-Saxons: name given to the Germanic-speaking peoples who settled in England after the decline of Roman rule there. They were first invited by the Celtic King Vortigern, who needed help fighting the Picts and Scots. The Angles (Lat. Angli), who are mentioned in Tacitus Germania, seem to have come from what is now Schleswig in the later decades of the 5th century. Their settlements in the eastern, central, and northern portions of the country were the foundations for the later kingdoms known as East Anglia, Mercia, and Northumbria. The Saxons, a Germanic tribe who had been continental neighbors of the Angles, also settled in England in the late 5th century after earlier marauding forays there. The later kingdoms of Sussex, Wessex, and Essex were the outgrowths of their settlements. The Jutes, a tribe about whom very little is known except that they probably came from the area around the mouths of the Rhine, settled in Kent and the Isle of Wight. The Anglo-Saxons eventually formed seven separate kingdoms known as the heptarchy. The term Anglo-Saxons was first used in Continental Latin sources to distinguish the Saxons in England from those on the Continent, but it soon came to mean simply the English. The more specific use of the term to denote the non-Celtic settlers of England prior to the Norman Conquest dated from the 16th century. In more modern times it has also been used to denote any of the people (or their descendants) of the British Isles.
  
  Heptarchy: name traditionally applied to the kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England in the period prior to the Danish conquests of the 9th century. The term was probably first used by 16th century writers who believed that in those early years England was divided into seven kingdoms: Northumbria, East Anglia, Mercia, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, and Kent. actually the political and geographical divisions were neither so orderly nor permanent. At one time (c. 600) there appear to have been as many as 12 independent states, but the number of kingdoms, their boundaries, and their political status shifted constantly throughout this period.
  
  _________________________
  LINEAGE OF ANGLES OF NORTHERN GERMANY - BRITAIN
  
  From Cotton MS Vespasian B vi to 814 AD:
  
  MERCNA
  
  Woden Frealafing, Wedulgeot Wodning, Uihtlaeg Wedulgeoting, Uermund Uihtlaeging, Offa macermunding, [An]gengeot Offing, Eamer Angengeotin, Icil Eamering, Cnebba Iceling, Cynewld Cnebbing, Crioda Dynewalding, Pypga Crioding, Penda Pypbing, Aedilred Peding.
  
  _________________
  From Corpus Christi College Cambridge MS 183 to 937 AD:
  
  MERCIORUM
  
  Woden Frealafing, Wepolgiot Wodning, Wihtlaeg Wiopolgeoting, Waermund Wihtlaeging, Offa Waermunding, Angengiot Offing, Eomaer Angengeoting, Icel Eomaering, Cnebba Icling, Cynewald Cnebbing, Creoda Cynewalding, Pybba Creoding, Penda Pybbing, Aedelred Pending.
  
  __________________
  From Cotton MS Tiberius B v to 990 AD:
  
  Woden Frealafing, Weodogeot Woding, Wihtlaeg Weodogeoting, Waermund Wihtalaeging, Offa Waermunding, Angelgeot Offing, Eomer Angelgeoting, Icel Eomering, Cnebba Icling, Cynewald Cnebbing, Creoda Cynewalding, Pybba Creoding, Penda Pybbing, Aethelred Pending.
  
  _________________
  From "Historia Brittonum" to 796 AD:
  
  de genealogia merciorum
  
  uuoden genuit guedolgeat, genuit gueagon, genuit guithleg, genuit guerdmund, genuit offa, genuit ongen, genuit eamer, genuit pubba, ipse pubba habuit duodecim filios, quorum duo notitiores mihi sunt quam alii, id est penda et emac. filius penda, filius pubba (there is an extra generation between Wihtlaeg and Weodogeot - possibly Weogon?)
  
  === History ===
  Icel was born before 489, probably around 460. He became king of Anglia upon his father's death in 489. He was the last king of Anglia, migrating to England c. 515. During the same year, he became king of Mercia.[2]
  
  By 527, Icel had worked his way through East Anglia and into Mercia, as it has been reported in the 13th century manuscript known as the Flores Historiarum: “Pagans came from Germany and occupied East Anglia, that is, the country of the East Angles; and some of them invaded Mercia, and waged war against the British.” By his death c. 535, it is reported that Icel held large portions of both East Anglia and Mercia, and therefore could be considered the first true king of Mercia.[2] Icel was succeeded by King Cnebba shortly after his [Icel's] death.
  
  The Iclingas (also Iclings or House of Icel) were a dynasty of Kings of Mercia during the 7th and 8th centuries, named for Icel or Icil, great-grandson of Offa of Angel, a legendary or semi-legendary figure of the Migration Period who is described as a descendant of the god Woden by the Anglo-Saxon royal genealogies

• m. BEF 470 in Europe

1. Cnebba ap Icel "King of the Iclingas", b. 474 in Mercia England     d. BET 535 AND 560 in Kingdom of Mercia, England

1. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Icel Eomering Founder of the Iclinga -
   Author: Corpus Christi College Cambridge MS 183, c 934
   Note: Source Media Type: Book
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736743212
   
2. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Icel Eomering Founder of the Iclinga -
   Author: Cotton MS Vespasian B vi, c 805.
   Note: Source Media Type: Book
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736743214
   
3. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Icel Eomering Founder of the Iclinga -
   Author: "Historia Brittonum" -"de genealogia merciorum {c 787}
   Note: Source Media Type: Book
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736743215
   
4. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Icel Eomering Founder of the Iclinga -
   Author: Cotton MS Tiberius B v, c 990
   Note: Source Media Type: Book
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736743213
   
5. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Icel Eomering Founder of the Iclinga -
   Author: History Files
   Note: Source Media Type: Book
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736742973