Stephen Devereux of Lyonshall

• Preferred Name: Stephen Devereux of Lyonshall^{[1] [2] [3]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• Death: 1269 in Kington, Herefordshire, Kingdom of England at LATI: N2.2041 LONG: E3.0285 with note: reformat--
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Lord
  
• Occupation: Lord of Lyonhall
  
• FSID: GF6Q-1SS
  
• Birth: 1195 in Kington, Herefordshire, Kingdom of England at LATI: N2.2041 LONG: E3.0285 with note: reformat--
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
  “WALTER DE CANTELOWE, of Brimpton, Berkshire, Adber and Leigh, Dorset, Fontley and Oakley, Hampshire, and Barwick, Camel, and Chilton Cantelo, Somerset. He held two knights' fees of William de Roumare in 1166. He also held lands of William de Roumare in Normandy. He married AMICE ___. They had three sons, William, Knt., Robert Barat (or Cantelowe), and Roger Orget, and three daughters, Nichole, Sibyl, and probably Isabel. His name occurs on a role of the Norman Exchequer dated 1184. He was a member of the entourage of John, Count of Mortain [afterwards King John]. In 1195 William de Saint Mary accounted £4 for the farm at Barwick, Somerset of Walter de Cantelowe for half a year. In 1201 he sued Robert de Cantelowe for the vill of Chilton Cantelo, Somerset as being his right and inheritance, whereof his father, William de Cantelowe, was seised during the reign of King Henry II [1154-89]. In 1201-2 he conveyed all his right in the vill of Chilton Cantelo, Somerset to Robert de Cantelowe; for this concession Robert gave Walter 28 marks of money, and thereupon Walter did homage to Robert in the Court. In 1204-5 the king issued a writ to the Sheriff of Norfolk to deliver to Walter certain lands in that county which the king had previously committed to the custody of William his son. At an unknown date, he granted in pure and perpetual alms for the salvation of his soul and those of his wife, Amice, his son and heir, William de Cantelowe, his other children, and his ancestors to Christchurch Priory 1/2 mark a year from his rent at Leigh, Dorset, viz. 20d. to be paid each quarter by Sampson de Leigh and his heirs. WALTER DE CANTELOWE was living in 1205, when the king gave him a dolium of wine.
  Mémoires de la Société des Antiquaires de Normandie 8 (1834): 349-350, 352. Palgrave Rotuli Curice Regis 1 (1835): 172. Green Feet of Fines for Somerset 1 (Somerset Rec. Soc. 6) (1892): 15. Batten Hist. & Topog. Colls. ReL to the early Hist. of Parts of South Somerset (1894): 1-7,29-32. Hall Red Book of the Exchequer 1 (1896): 376-377. Trans. Shropshire Arch. & Natural Hist. Soc. 3rd Ser. 1 (1901): 170-177. VCH Rutland 2 (1935): 88-91. Medieval Miscellany for Doris Mag Stenton (Pubs. Pipe Roll Soc. n.s. 36) (1962): 77-84. Hanna Christchurch Priory Cartulary (Hampshire Rec. Ser. 18) (2007): 169 (charter of Walter de Cantelowe; charter witnessed by his son, Robert de Cantelowe).
  Children of Walter de Cantelowe, by Amice ...
  vi. ISABEL DE CANTELOWE (probable daughter).* She married (as his 2nd wife) STEPHEN DEVEREUX, of Lyonshall and Frome Herbert, Herefordshire, Wilby, Norfolk, etc., son and heir of John Devereux, of Lyonshall, Herefordshire. They had one son, William. In 1227 he and his heirs were granted a weekly market and yearly fair at Lyonshall, Herefordshire. STEPHEN DEVEREUX died in 1228. His widow, Isabel, married (2nd) RALPH DE PEMBRIDGE (or PENEBRUG). In her second widowhood, she gave to the Hospital of St Ethelbert for the souls of herself and her two husbands "unam ladum bladi" at the Feast of St. Andrew during her life to be received at her house of Frome. She was living in 1245. Coll. Top. et Gen. 2 (1835): 250 (charter of Isabel de Cantelowe dated pre-1244). Duncumb Colls. towards Hist. & Antiqs. of the County of Hereford: Hundred of Huntington (1897): 21, 49 (Devereux ped.). Holden Lords of the Central Marches (2008): 97-102 (re. Devereux fam.).
  (*Isabel de Cantelowe's maiden name is attested by her own charter [see Coll. Top. et Gen. 2 (1835): 2501. That Isabel was the sister of Sir William de Cantelowe (died 1239) seems virtually certain. Her son, William Devereux, is known to have had a daughter who married Sir John de Pycheford. Sir John de Pycheford's wife was styled "kinswoman" of Sir George de Cantelowe [died 1273] [see Cal. /P21,1 2 (1906): 16-211. Sir George de Cantelowe was the great-grandson and heir male of Sir William de Cantelowe (died 1239). For further particulars, see Eyton Antiqs. of Shropshire 6 (1858): 273.)”
  
  Stephen Devereux (c. 1191-1228)
  Stephen Devereux (c. 1191-1228) was a powerful Marcher Lord, and held Lyonshall Castle controlling an important approach to the border of Wales. As a key member of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembrok
  
  === Biography ===
  Stephen Devereux (c. 1191 – 1228) was a powerful Marcher Lord, and held Lyonshall Castle controlling an important approach to the border of Wales. As a key member of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke retinue, he played a significant role in the Earl's support of King John during the First Barons' War, and during the minority of Henry III.
  
  Contents
  1 Birth and ancestry
  2 Career
  3 Marriage
  4 Principal landholdings
  5 Death
  6 Notes
  7 Biographical References
  8 Specific References
  Birth and ancestry
  Stephen Devereux was born about 1191, the eldest of three sons of Walter Devereux[1] and Cecilia de Longchamp. Cecilia was the daughter of Sir Hugh de Longchamp[1] and sister to William de Longchamp, Lord Chancellor of England. His father, Walter, died in 1197, and as a member of the retinue of William de Braose this probably occurred in France during May 1197 at the assault on the castle at Milly-sur-Thérain.[2] Braose was with Richard I as he campaigned to regain his territories lost while Richard was held captive by Leopold of Austria. Walter Devereux's lands passed into the King's hands and were placed in the custody of the sheriff of Hereford, William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber. His sons were placed in the retinue of local lords for training as knights: Stephen Devereux with William Marshal, earl of Pembroke; Nicholas Devereux with Walter de Lacy, Lord of Meath;[3][4][5][a] and John Devereux with William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber.[6][b] Stephen's mother, Cecilia, launched into a series of legal fights to preserve her dower rights and the Devereux properties.[c]
  
  Career
  About 1199 Stephen Devereux was placed in the retinue of William Marshal for training as a knight, and over the years came ‘to be trusted for his cool-headed judgement’ and a member of the earl's inner circle.[7] In spring of 1201, Philip of France confiscated all of England's possessions in France, and in May of this year Devereux accompanied the earl of Pembroke when we went to Normandy with 100 knights to counter a French invasion. King John abandoned Normandy in December 1203, and they returned to England. Marshal tried to retain his Normandy estates at Longueville, and paid homage to King Philip for this purpose. This led to a falling out of favour with King John that festered over the next few years. In 1205 Stephen Devereux's uncle and namesake, Stephen de Longchamp, granted him the manor of Frome Herbert (Halmond)[8] with John confirming it on 26 July, and this probably was an early attempt to subvert the loyalty of Stephen to the earl of Pembroke.
  
  Against the king's wishes, William Marshal and Devereux traveled in early 1207 to Ireland to secure the earl's lands and title to Leinster. In late summer John summoned the earl to return to England. The Marshal held council with his wife and leading men, including Stephen, and all believed the summons to be a trick to allow the Justiciar of Ireland, Meiler FitzHenry, to seize key fortresses and drive Marshal from Ireland.[9] The Marshal decided to comply with the summons, but only bring with him 2 knights of his retinue: John Marshal and Henry Hose. The earl prepared his defenses, assigning John of Earley as guardian of south-west Leinster (Ossory, including county Kilkenny and Wexford) with Stephen Devereux to advise him, and Jordan of Sauqueville as guardian of north-east Leinster (Carlow, Wicklow, and Kildare).[10][11]
  
  William Marshal arrived back in Wales in late 1207, and in his absence the king's Justiciar launched assaults on his lands across Leinster.[12] In England, the earl arrived at court to find that the king had bought off his allies and supporters with lands and offices, and he was isolated and unable to find out the state of his lands in Ireland. The Justiciar delivered three letters in January 1208 summoning John of Earley, Jordan de Saqueville, and Stephen Devereux to appear before the king in England within 15 days, or suffer the loss of all their lands.[13][14] The three decided to stand fast for their lord, William Marshal, and sent to seek aid from Hugh de Lacy, 1st Earl of Ulster, to resist the forces assaulting them.[15]
  
  In January 1208 King John of England took the opportunity while out riding to torment William Marshal. He informs him that the earl's pregnant wife was besieged in Kilkenny castle, and that a bloody battle had been fought there causing the death of Stephen Devereux and John of Earley.[16][17] The truth came out a few weeks later. Marshal's forces were victorious, and this prompted a reconciliation with King John. William Marshal rewarded his loyal knights with lands, and Devereux received the castles of Balmagir and Selskar in county Wexford.[18][19][d]
  
  By the summer of 1208, William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber, had fallen out of favor with King John and fled to his friend, the earl of Pembroke, in Ireland.[20] The king's men seized Braose's lands, and tracked him to Leinster. Marshal denied knowledge of the charges against Braose, and refused to turn him over claiming he was under the protection of his hospitality.[21] Braose was escorted to Meath where he took sanctuary with Walter de Lacy. John seized Braose's lands, and replaced him as sheriff of Hereford with his mercenary commanders. Among these lands were the estates of the under-age Stephen Devereux including his castle at Lyonshall, Hereford. This at first was given over to Walter de Lacy, but on discovering that Braose was in Meath, the king seized the de Lacy lands in Ireland, and placed Lyonshall in the hands of Miles Pichard.[22][23][24] John raised a great army to bring to Ireland, and William Marshal rushed to England to renew his submission and vow no further support for de Braose.[22] John's force landed in Waterford, and marched north. Walter de Lacy submitted, but his brother Hugh de Lacy resisted and was defeated. Hugh de Lacy fled to Scotland, and William de Braose fled to France and died.[22] William Marshal was again in disfavor, and the king's wrath fell also on his followers. John of Earley, Jordan of Saqueville, and Geoffrey of Saqueville were imprisoned,[25] and Devereux found all his estates back in the king's hands.
  
  The next year brought uprisings in Wales, and increasing unrest among England's barons at the poor rule of King John. Marshal seized this opportunity to make a gesture of support for the king,[26] prompting the release of the earl's men and restoration of Stephen Devereux's estates. As John's popularity plummeted, Marshal and his knights bolstered the king's forces helping to stabilize the situation.[27] Stephen is rewarded with the pardon of 4 marks of scutage by King John in 1211, and two fees held of the Bishops of Worcester and Winchester in 1214. Walter de Lacy released ½ knight's fee in the manor of Haymond's Frome (Frome Halmond) to Stephen d’Ebroicis.[e]
  
  Stephen Devereux participated in the King's expedition to Poitou in France during the first part of 1214, and is present for the conquest of Anjou and the final withdrawal following the Battle of Bouvines. King John was forced to offer tax concessions to induce participation, but many leading barons still were not involved directly choosing to send proxies instead. It is probable that Stephen served in this role for the Marshal. His reward included instructions to the royal forester, Hugh de Neville, to measure 40 acres at his manor of Crowle in the royal forest of Feckenham for assarting (clearance for agriculture) in accord with the license the King had granted Stephen. The Pipe Roll of Michaelmas 1214 recorded Stephen Devereux as owing 6 dogs for obtaining an order from the king.[28] On 2 August 1222 a writ was sent to the sheriff of Worcestershire involving Crowle. The order showed that Crowle had been given to the Prior of Wormsley by Stephen, but his original grant was being called into question. In 1224 Stephen's position was strong enough to point out to the government that the 40 acres of assart granted him at Crowle were to be placed outside the regard, and they were for the three years.[f]
  
  Stephen also served with William le Gros as the Marshall's attorney in a suit in 1214 involving the Abbey of Abingdon and Faringdon.[29] With John's failures in France, unrest swept England again, and the first Barons’ War broke out.[30] William Marshall and Stephen Devereux stood firm with the King, and were deeply involved in the negotiations resulting in the Magna Carta,[31] which John signed at Runnymede on 15 June 1215. On 4 July 1215 King John wrote in a royal writ describing Stephen as ‘our dear and faithful’ when ordering a quittance of an annual render to Hereford Castle of 32 gallons of honey from Devereux's manor of Ballingham.[32] Stephen Devereux was further rewarded with many holdings forfeited by the rebels: Ballingham and Clehonger in Herefordshire (27 Jan 1216),[g] L20 of land in Stanton, Worcestershire (30 July 1216),[h] and lands at Rotherwas (1219).[i]
  
  As the king worked to reverse the Magna Carta, England again plunged into civil war. The earl of Pembroke and Stephen Devereux remained faithful to the King, but at the time of John's death on 18 October 1216 two thirds of England was in open rebellion[33] and a French army had landed at Sandwich, county Kent, to support the claim of their Prince (who became Louis VIII of France) to the throne.[34] As William Marshal attended to the burial of John, he sent his men to secure John's son, Henry III. On 28 October 1216 the earl had a heated debate with his mesnie including Stephen Devereux, and the decision was to support Henry's claim to the throne.[35] William Marshal was appointed Guardian of the Realm, and Devereux was placed on the regency council entrusted with protecting the king during his minority. Moving quickly the royalists regained the initiative, and support began to flow back to Henry. Stephen Devereux was probably with the Earl of Pembroke at the Battle of Lincoln on 20 May 1217 when the baronial rebels were
  
  === Stephen de Ebroicis was granted the vill ===
  Stephen de Ebroicis was granted the vill of Frome Herberti by his uncle, Stephen de Longchamp, in 1205, and the manor of Wilby, co Norfolk, by the Earl of Pembroke. (Charter Rolls, 7 Joh, m. 8; 11 Hen III, p 1, m 3). He gave lands in Lynshall and Frome to Wormsley Priory, m. Isabel de Cantelou (she m., 2ndly, Ralph de Penbrugge), and d. shortly before 17 Mar 1227/8. William de Ebroicis confirmed the grants of his father Stephen to Wormsley, die Parasceve [25 Mar] 1250. In 1264 he pledged his manors of Stoke Lacy and Lawton for 1000 marks to Roger de Mortimer for the ransom of Adam le Despenser, taken prisoner at the battle of Northampton. William , s and h of the Lord William de Ebroycis, confirmed the grants of his grandfather, the Lord Stephen de Ebroycis, to Wormsley. [Complete Peerage IV:302-303c]
  
  ----------------------------
  
  Son of Eustance d'Everaux and "Miss Longfield" (Ancestral File v. 4.19)
  
  === V M Norr: Some Early English Pedigrees ===
  V M Norr: Some Early English Pedigrees pp 62, 97

1. William Devereux II, b. ABT 1225 in Herefordshire, England     d. 4 AUG 1265 in Battle Of Evesham, Evesham, Worcestershire, England

1. Title: Stephen Devereux, Son of Walter Devereux and Cecilia de Longchamp
   
2. Title: Isabel Cantilupe, Wife of Stephen Devereux, Wikipedia
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Devereux;
   
3. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Stephen d'Evereux -
   Author: Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom; GE Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, Page number: IV:302-303c
   Note: Source Media Type: Book
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:2736741118