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Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York


Preferred Parents:
Father: Edward King of England III, b. 13 NOV 1312 in Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England   d. 21 JUN 1377 in Sheen Palace, Richmond, London, England
Mother: Philippa de Hainaut of England, b. 24 JUN 1314 in Comté de Hainaut, Holy Roman Empire   d. 14 AUG 1369 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England

Family 1: Isabella of Castille ,    b. 1355 in Zamora, Zamora, Castilla y León, Spain    d. 23 DEC 1392 in Kings Langley, Hertfordshire, England
  1. Constance of York Countess of Gloucestershire, b. ABT 1375 in Kingston Russell, Dorset, England     d. 29 NOV 1416 in Kingston Russell, Dorset, England
Family 2: Joan Holland,    b. ABT 1380 in England    d. 12 APR 1434 in King's Langley, Hertfordshire, England
Sources:
  1. Title: Inquisitions Post Mortem (IPMs) for Edward duke of York
    Author: J. L. Kirby, 'Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry V, Entries 351-406', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem: Volume 20, Henry V (London, 1995), pp. 109-123. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/inquis-post-mortem/vol20/pp109-123 [accessed 20 January 2020].
    Publication: Name: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/inquis-post-mortem/vol20/pp109-123;
    Note: 390 EDWARD DUKE OF YORK Writ 30 Oct. 1415. MIDDLESEX. Inquisition. Westminster. 12 Dec. Edmund duke of York, father of Edward, held £283 6s.8d. of the 1,000 marks which Edward III granted him, Edmund, then earl of Cambridge, and his heirs male by letters patent [CPR 1374–7, p.367] to be taken at the exchequer by equal parts at Easter and Michaelmas. Joan, Edmund’s widow, holds £94 8s.10 1/2d. in dower as a 3rd part of £283 6s.8d. Edward as heir held the remaining £188 17s.9 1/2d. On 15 Oct. 1402 Henry IV granted him the manor of Barton Bristol to the value of £83 18s.5d. [CPR 1401–5, p.168]. This was deducted from his £188 17s.9 1/2d. so that he held £104 19s.4 1/2d. and the reversion of £94 8s.10 1/2d. out of the 1,000 marks. It is held of the king in chief by knight service. He died on 25 Oct. last. Richard son of Richard, brother of Edward, is his heir, aged 3 years and more. 391 Writ 30 Oct. 1415. LONDON. Inquisition. 20 Jan. 1416. Edmund duke of York held to himself and his heirs male £289 6s.8d. from the ancient custom of wools in the port of London, part of £1,000 granted him by Richard II [CPR 1385–9, p.62]. Of this sum £96 8s.10 1/2d. is held in dower by Joan his widow, so that Edward held £192 17s.9 1/2d. and the reversion of £96 8s.10 1/2d. Long before his death by a grant enrolled in the hustings he gave to Thomas bishop of Durham, John Pelham and Richard Stury, knights, Roger Flore of Rutland, John Laurence of Dorset and John Russell of Herefordshire an inn called ‘le Oldenne’ with garden and a tenement called ‘Brewhous’ and shops, solars and cellar in the parish of St. Benet, Paul’s Wharf in Castle Baynard ward. He died on 25 Oct. last. Richard his heir is aged 4 years and more. 392 Writ 4 Dec. 1415. WARWICK. Inquisition. Birmingham. 14 March 1416. He held the manors of Solihull and Sheldon with the advowson of Solihull and of the free chapel of St. Alphege there with the knight’s fees belonging to them, of the king in chief by knight service after the death on 28 Aug. last of Sybil, widow of Hugh le Despenser, who held them for life. The king granted them to him for life by letters patent of 16 April 1414 with all other possessions of Thomas late lord Despenser, and granted the remainder to Richard Beauchamp of Abergavenny, knight, and Isabel his wife, sister and heir of Richard son and heir of Thomas, and the heirs male of their bodies, by letters patent of 17 Feb. 1415 [CPR 1413–6, pp.249, 286]. The annual values are, Solihull £20, Sheldon £6 13s.4d., the church when it occurs £20 and the chapel 20s. Date of death and heir as above [no. 390]. 393 Writ 30 Oct. 1415. ESSEX. Inquisition. Prittlewell. 16 Feb. 1416. Richard II granted the following, formerly held by Aubrey de Veer, knight, to Edmund duke of York by letters patent dated 3 Feb. 1391, and the grant was confirmed by Henry IV [CPR 1388–92, p.377; 1399–1401, p.135]. They descended to Edward duke of York as his son and heir male: Rayleigh, the honor, vill, fair, market and park, with the mill, rents, services, tolls and customs, view of frankpledge and other regalities and liberties, annual value of the honor beyond the fee of the steward 60s., the remainder nil. They are held of the king in chief by knight service, amount unknown, with the following parcels of the honor: Thundersley, the manor and park, annual value of the manor £12, and of the park beyond th cost of the enclosure and the wages of the parker at 3d. daily, £12; Eastwood, the manor, annual value £24; and Rochford, the hundred, annual value 100s. Date of death and heir as above [no. 390]. 394 HERTFORD. Inquisition. Buntingford. 19 Jan. 1416. By his charter made with royal licence [CPR 1413–6, pp.349–50] and dated 12 Aug 1415 he granted the manor and advowson of Anstey with other premises in other counties to Henry bishop of Winchester, Thomas bishop of Durham, Walter Hungerford, knight, Roger Flore of Oakham, Peter Mavan, the king’s liege subject of Gascony, John Laurence, John Russell of Hertfordshire, Henry Bracy of Fotheringhay and John Wykes to hold of the king in chief by knight service. All the tenants attorned to them. The annual value of the manor is £14 13s.4d. and no more because Edward duke of York granted the following annuities from it: 40s. to Edmund Cook, £20 to Thomas Gerbrugge, knight, and 5 marks to Richard Baynard of Messing. Date of death and heir as above [no. 390]. 395 Writ 30 Oct. 1415. BUCKINGHAM. Inquisition. High Wycombe. 8 Feb. 1416 By letters patent of 12 Nov. 1390 [sic. CPR 1385–9, p.530; 10 Nov. 1388] Richard II granted the manor and advowson of Wendover, with all its appurtenances, knight’s fees, services and advowsons, and view of frankpledge within the precincts of the manor, valued at £84 yearly, to Edmund duke of York and his heirs male in part satisfaction of a grant to him of £1,000 yearly. It descended to Edward and is held of the king in chief by knight service, annual value 80 marks. He also held for life jointly with John Stivecle and Thomas Pever, half the manor of Horton with the advowson by turns, which they acquired, he, Edward as earl of Rutland, with John Mulsho and Thomas Appultrewyk, both now deceased, from William Peiteveyn, Joan his wife and Thomas Wibsenade and Katharine his wife to hold to them and the heirs of John Mulsho by a fine of 1397 [CP 25/1/290/58, no. 312]. They are held of Richard Wyndesore in socage and by a rent of 27s.4d., anual value beyond that 100s. Date of death and heir as above [no. 390]. 396 Writ 15 [sic] Oct. 1415. SUFFOLK. Inquisition. Stowmarket. 4 Feb. 1416. He held for life by the king’s grant as above [no. 392], with remainder to Richard Beauchamp of Abergavenny and Isabel his wife, the manor and advowson of Whelnetham of the king in chief by knight service, annual values, the manor 108s.4d., the advowson, 20 marks. Date of death and heir as above [no. 390]. 397 Writ 30 Oct. 1415. LINCOLN. Inquisition. Grantham. 14 Jan. 1416. He held the manors of Bonby and Shillingthorpe for life, of the king in chief by knight service, because the reversion of Bonby after the death of Edward Boteler, knight, who held it for life and died on 3 March 1413, and the reversion of Shillingthorpe after the death of Hugh le Despenser, knight, who held it for life and died on 12 Dec. 1399, belonged to Thomas late lord Despenser, and the king granted him all the possessions of Thomas to hold for his life on 16 April 1414 with remainder as above [no. 392]. The annual values are Bonby £13 6s.8d., Shillingthorpe 60s. He held no more because by his charter of 12 Aug. 1415 he granted to Henry bishop of Winchester and others, as above [no. 394] the castle, vill and manor of Stamford and the vill and soke of Grantham, and all the tenants attorned. The annual values are Stamford £20 and no more because he granted £10 yearly to Roger Flore and 10 marks yearly to William Wolverton from it for the term of their lives, Grantham £20 and no more because Joan widow of Edmund has £11 yearly in dower from it, and Roger Flore an annuity of 20 marks. Date of death and heir as above [no. 390] 398 Writ, plura, 19 May 1416. LINCOLN. Inquisition. Caistor. 8 July. He held the manor of Harlaxton called ‘Brewes’ manor of the king in chief by knight service, annual value 4 marks. Thomas son of Thomas de Belesby, knight, kinsman and heir of Norman de Swynford, knight, deceased, who held the manor of Richard II by knight service, was next heir, aged 3 years and more. Whether the duke held it or not when he died, whether it was included in the inquisition after his death, and when he died, is unknown. 399 Writ 30 Oct. 1415. NORTHAMPTON. Inquisition. Oundle. 29 Nov. By his charter of 12 Aug. 1415 the duke granted to Henry bishop of Winchester and others, as above [no. 394] the manors of Nassington and Yarwell and the castle, manor and vill of Fotheringhay, all held of the king in chief by knight service; annual values, Nassington £20, Yarwell 20 marks, Fotheringhay 40 marks and no more because he granted annuities of 25 marks and 66s.8d. from it to Henry Bracy for life. He held the manor and advowson of Yelvertoft for life by the king’s grant and with remainder as above [no. 392], anual value of the manor 43s.4d. and of the advowson 20 marks. Date of death and heir as above [no. 390]. 400 Writ 30 Oct. 1415. GLOUCESTER AND THE ADJACENT MARCH OF WALES. Inquisition. Cirencester. 2 Dec. By licence of Henry IV by letters patent [CPR 1408–13, p.406] he granted the manor of Barton Bristol by his charter to Thomas bishop of Durham, John Pelham, knight, Robert Tirwhit, Robert Wyntryngham, clerk, John Bokelond, clerk, Henry Bracy and Thomas Walweyn, deceased, to hold to them and their heirs as of the crown by the customary services. All the tenants have attorned to them. The annual value is £50. By his charter of 12 Aug. 1415 he granted to Henry bishop of Winchester and others, as above [no. 394] the manor of Doughton, annual value 40s. and no more because burdened with various annuities. He held for life of the king in chief by knight service by the king’s grant with remainder as above [no. 392] the manor and vill of Whittington, and the manors and lordships of Aberavon, Welsh Aberavon, Newton Nottage, Dinas Powys, Sully and Peterston, annual values, Whittington £12, Aberavon £18, Welsh Aberavon £23, Newton Nottage £13, Dinas Powys £14, Sully £20 and Peterston £6 13s.4d. Date of death and heir as above [no. 390]. 401 Writ 8 Nov. 1415. HEREFORD AND THE ADJACENT MARCH OF WALES. Inquisition. Weobley. 5 Dec. He held the castle, manor and lordship of Ewyas Lacy in the Welsh March for life of the king in chief by knight service, by the king’s grant with remainder as above [no. 392], annual value £40. Date of death and heir as above [no. 390].
    Page: Mentioned in this source.
  2. Title: Edmund of Langley, "Find A Grave Index"
    Author: "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV2Y-Y3FC : 4 August 2020), Edmund of Langley, ; Burial, Kings Langley, Dacorum Borough, Hertfordshire, England, All Saints Churchyard; citing record ID 80296339, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
    Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV2Y-Y3FC;
  3. Title: Leicestershire Pedigrees and Royal Descents
    Author: Leicestershire Pedigrees and Royal Descents by William George Dimock Fletcher Publication date 1887 Publisher Clarke and Hodgson Collection americana Digitizing sponsor Google Book from the collections of University of Michigan Language English
    Publication: Name: https://archive.org/details/leicestershirep00fletgoog/page/n71/mode/2up?q=Ashby;
    Note: has pedigree research that was complied and done. gives timeframe and names of family members.
    Page: Page 41 of the book page 14 on the scroll bar gives relationship of the family members of the Ashby family and gives relationship of children and spouses. gives some years and places.
  4. Title: Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendants. Volume II
    Publication: Name: https://search.ancestry.com/collections/48069/records/309703;
  5. Title: Life Sketch
    Publication: Name: http://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/plantagenet_69.html;
  6. Title: Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York [wikipedia.org]
    Author: Edmund of Langley Born 5 June 1341 Kings Langley, Hertfordshire, England Died 1 August 1402 (aged 61) Kings Langley, Hertfordshire, England Burial Kings Langley, Hertfordshire Spouse Isabella of Castile Joan Holland Issue Edward, 2nd Duke of York Constance, Countess of Gloucester Richard, 3rd Earl of Cambridge House Plantagenet (by birth) York (founder) Father Edward III, King of England Mother Philippa of Hainault
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_of_Langley,_1st_Duke_of_York;
    Note: Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, KG (5 June 1341 – 1 August 1402) was the fourth surviving son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. Like many medieval English princes, Edmund gained his nickname from his birthplace: Kings Langley Palace in Hertfordshire. He was the founder of the House of York, but it was through the marriage of his younger son, Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge, to Anne de Mortimer, great-granddaughter of Edmund's elder brother Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, that the House of York made its claim to the English throne in the Wars of the Roses. The other party in the Wars of the Roses, the incumbent House of Lancaster, was formed from descendants of Edmund's elder brother John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, Edward III's third son. Early years​: On the death of his godfather, the Earl of Surrey, Edmund was granted the earl's lands north of the Trent, primarily in Yorkshire. In 1359, he joined his father King Edward III on an unsuccessful military expedition to France and was made a knight of the Garter in 1361. In 1362, at the age of twenty-one, he was created Earl of Cambridge by his father.[1] Military career​: Edmund took part in several military expeditions to France in the 1370s. In 1369, he brought a retinue of 400 men-at-arms and 400 archers to serve with John Hastings, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, on campaigns in Brittany and Angoulême. The following year, he first joined Pembroke again on an expedition to relieve the fortress of Belle Perche and then accompanied his eldest brother Edward, the Black Prince, on a campaign that resulted in the siege and sack of Limoges. In 1375, he sailed with the Earl of March to relieve Brest, but after some initial success, a truce was declared. In the 1370s, English envoys entered into an alliance with Ferdinand I of Portugal, where Portugal promised to attack Castile with the Lancastrian army. As a consequence of the Caroline War in France, John of Gaunt was forced to postpone the invasion of Castile. In 1381, Edmund finally led an abortive expedition to press John's claim to Castile, joining with King Ferdinand in attacking Castile as part of the Fernandine Wars. After months of indecisiveness, a peace was again declared between Castile and Portugal, and Edmund had to lead his malcontented troops home.[2] Edmund was appointed Constable of Dover Castle and Warden of the Cinque Ports on 12 June 1376 and held office until 1381. On 6 August 1385, he was elevated to Duke of York.[3] Edmund acted as Keeper of the Realm in 1394/95 when his nephew, King Richard II of England, campaigned in Ireland and presided over Parliament in 1395. He was also keeper of the realm in 1396 during the king's brief visit to France to collect his child-bride Isabella of Valois. The duke was left as Custodian of the Realm in the summer of 1399 when Richard II departed for another extended campaign in Ireland. In late June of that year, the exiled Henry Bolingbroke landed at Bridlington in Yorkshire. He raised an army to resist Bolingbroke, then decided instead to join him, for which he was well rewarded. He thereafter remained loyal to the new Lancastrian regime as Bolingbroke overthrew Richard II to become King Henry IV. Later life​: In Richard II's will, Edmund was highly emphasised as the king's heir despite the stronger claims of Henry of Bolingbroke and Edmund Mortimer. This was not due to any preference Richard had for Edmund, but rather a desire the king had to set Edmund's son, Edward, on the throne.[4] Towards the end of his life, in 1399, he was appointed Warden of the West March for a short period.[5] Otherwise, from 1399 onward he retired from public life.[6] Edmund of Langley died in his birthplace and was interred at King's Langley Priory; however, his tomb was relocated to the nearby All Saints' Church, Kings Langley in 1575 after the priory had been dissolved. When the tomb was moved again during church restoration work in 1877, three bodies, one male and two female, were found inside.[7] His dukedom passed to his eldest son, Edward. He was the last of his siblings to die, and lived the longest out of all of them. Marriage​: Langley's first wife, Isabella, was a daughter of King Peter of Castile and María de Padilla. She was also the sister of the Infanta Constance of Castile, the second wife of Langley's brother John of Gaunt. They had two sons and a daughter: Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York (c. 1373 – 25 October 1415), killed in action at the Battle of Agincourt. Constance of York (c. 1374 – 28 November 1416), great-grandmother of Queen Anne Neville. Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge (c. 20 July 1385 – 5 August 1415), executed for treason by Henry V. Ancestor of Kings Edward IV, Edward V, and Richard III of the House of York, and all succeeding monarchs of England beginning with King Henry VIII, whose mother Elizabeth of York was his great-granddaughter. After Isabella's death in 1392, Langley married his second cousin once removed Joan Holland, whose great-grandfather Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, was the half-brother of Langley's grandfather Edward II; she and Langley were thus both descended from King Edward I. The young Joan was the granddaughter of his late sister-in-law Joan of Kent. The marriage produced no children. Shakespeare's Duke of York​: Edmund, the 1st Duke of York, is a major character in Shakespeare's Richard II. In the play, Edmund resigns his position as an adviser to his nephew Richard II, but is reluctant to betray the king. He eventually agrees to side with Henry Bolingbroke to help him regain the lands Richard confiscated after the death of Bolingbroke's father, John of Gaunt. After Bolingbroke deposes Richard and is crowned Henry IV, Edmund discovers a plot by his son Aumerle to assassinate the new king. Edmund exposes the plot, but his wife Isabella convinces Henry to pardon her son. Notes​: 1. Cokayne, G. E. (1912). Gibbs, Vicary (ed.). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct or dormant. 2 (2nd ed.). London: The St. Catherine Press. p. 494. 2. Goodman, Anthony (1992). John of Gaunt: The Exercise of Princely Power in Fourteenth-Century Europe. London: Routledge. ISBN 97-8058-20981-38.. 3. Encyclopedia Britannica Edmund of Langley First Duke of York 4. Sumption, Jonathan (2009). The Hundred Years War III: Divided Houses. London: Faber & Faber Ltd. p. 855. ISBN 9780571138975. 5. Dodd, Gwylim (2003). Henry IV: the establishment of the regime, 1399–1406. ISBN 9781903153123. Retrieved 19 December 2011. 6. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "York, Edmund of Langley, Duke of" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 925–926. 7. Page, William, ed. (1908). "'Parishes: King's Langley', A History of the County of Hertford: Volume 2, pp. 234–245". british-history.ac.uk. British History Online. Retrieved 31 May 2018. 8. Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family 9. Armitage-Smith, Sydney (1905). John of Guant: King of Castile and Leon, Duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster, Earl of Derby, Lincoln, and Leicester, Seneschal of England. Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 21. Retrieved 8 October 2018. 10. von Redlich, Marcellus Donald R. Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendants. I. p. 64. 11. Weir, Alison (1999). Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy. London: The Bodley Head. pp. 75, 92. Bibliography​[edit] James Reston, Jr. "Dogs of God," New York: Doubleday, p. 18. Douglas Biggs, "A Wrong Whom Conscience and Kindred Bid Me to Right: A Reassessment of Edmund of Langley, Duke of York and the Usurpation of Henry IV" Albion, 26 (1994), pp. 231–246. Douglas Biggs, "To Aid the Custodian and Council: Edmund of Langley and the Defense of the Realm, June–July 1399," Journal of Medieval Military History, I (2002), pp. 125–144. Douglas Biggs, "’A Voyage or Rather and Expedition to Portugal:’ Edmund of Langley in Iberia 1381/82," Journal of Medieval Military History 7 (2009), pp. 57–74. Douglas Biggs, Three Armies in Britain: The Irish Campaign of Richard II and the Usurpation of Henry IV, 1399, Brill Academic Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands, 2006. External links​: Tuck, Anthony (January 2008). "Edmund , first duke of York (1341–1402)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/16023. Retrieved 11 October 2009. (subscription or UK public library membership required) For the tombs of Edmund of Langley and Isabella of Castile, see 'Friaries: King's Langley priory', A History of the County of Hertford: Volume 4 (1971), pp. 446–451.[1] Date accessed: 5 October 2012
  7. Title: Dictionary of National Biography, Volumes 1-22
    Author: London, England: Oxford University Press; Volume: Vol 11; Page: 550
    Publication: Name: https://search.ancestry.com/collections/1981/records/3924;
  8. Title: North America, Family Histories, 1500-2000
    Author: Book Title: The royal lineage of the Hamlins : being the branch of the Hamlin family descended through Mary Dun
    Publication: Name: https://search.ancestry.com/collections/61157/records/725698;
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