Afonso o Bravo Rei de Portugal IV

• Preferred Name: Afonso o Bravo Rei de Portugal IV^{[1] [2] [3]}
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV The Brave of Portugal and the Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Afonso IV
  
• Alternate Name: Alphonso of Portugal IV
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso King of Portugal and the Algarves IV
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso Dinisez Portugal King of Portugal IV
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV The Brave King Portugal & Algarve
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV King of Portugal & Algarve
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV O Osado the Brave King of Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso King of Portugal & The Algrave
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV of Portugal King
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Dinisez Portugal & The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso Iv King Of Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Afonso IV D
  
• Alternate Name: Alfanso de Portugal King of Portugal IV
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Dinisez King of & The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV The Portugal And The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Dinisez Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Alffonso IV The Brave King of Portugal & the Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Dinisez
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso Iv The Brave King Of Portugal And The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Brave Portugal Algarves King
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV El Bravo 7º Rey De Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Dinisez Portugal & The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso Prince of Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Dinisez Portugal And The Algarve
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso of Portugal IV
  
• Alternate Name: Afonso IV
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso Iv The Brave King Of Portugal And The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV King Of Portugal And The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso Of Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV El Bravo 7º Rey De Portugal Afonso Iv
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV King Of Portugal And The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso Portugal IV King of Portugal the Brave
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Dinisez King Of Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV The Brave King Of J
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Dinisez King of Portugal Portugal & the Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Henriques
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV The Brave King of Portugal and the Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso Iv The Brave King Of Portugal And The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV 'the Brave' King of Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV of Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso Of PORTUGAL and the ALGARVESM
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso of Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV The Brave King Of Portugal & The Algraves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Dinisez King of Portugal & The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV the Brave of Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Dinisez Alfonso IV Of Portugal And The Algarvesm
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV 'the Brave' King of Portugal and the Algaves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso The Brave King of Portugal & Alga IV
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso IV The Portugal And The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Dinisez King Of Portugal and the Algraves
  
• Alternate Name: Afonso IV El Bravo
  
• Alternate Name: Afonso Burgundy-Portugal 7th King of Portugal IV
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso de Portugal IV
  
• Alternate Name: Afonso IV 'O Osado' of Portugal Portugal&Algarve King of
  
• Alternate Name: Afonso IV
  
• Alternate Name: IV The Brave King of Portugal Affonso
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV Dinisez King of Portugal & The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Afonso IV "o Osado the Bold" de Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV King Of Portugal And Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso of Portugal And The Algarvesm
  
• Alternate Name: Afonso de Portugal King Rei IV
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso 1V Brave Portugal Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: ALFONSO IV King of Portugal
  
• Alternate Name: Alphonso Affonso IV The Brave King of Portugal and the Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV The Brave King Of Portugal & Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Alphonso IV
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV The Brave King of Portugal and the Algraves
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso IV The Brave King of Portugal & The Algarves
  
• Alternate Name: Alfonso Of Portugal and the ALGARVE
  
• Alternate Name: Affonso Afonso alfonso Portugal King IV
  
• Gender: M
  
• Reign: BET 1325 AND 1357 in King of Portugal
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Rei Dom
  
• Nombre+alternativo: with note: Description: O Bravo, The Brave, ALFONSO IV "EL BRAVO" REY DE PORTUGAL, 'Affonso o Bravo', King of Portugal, Alfonso Dinisiez di Borgogna, Alfonso IV the Brave 7th King of Portugal & Algarve, o Ousado, King Alfonso de Portugal IV. Los nombres ingresados por otros usuarios fueron agrupados en una sola nota.
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: 7º Rey De Portugal Y Algarves
  
• Rey de Portugal: 1325 in Hasta 1357
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Rey
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: *
  
• Death: 28 de maio de 1357 in Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal at LATI: N8.7128 LONG: E9.1357
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Infante dom
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: King
  
• Birth: 8 de fevereiro de 1291 in Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal at LATI: N8.7128 LONG: E9.1357
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: 1325 with note: Description: King of Portugal
  
• Burial: JUN 1357 in Sé Patriarcal de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal at LATI: N8.7234 LONG: E9.1397
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: [and the ALGARVESM
  
• Caste: Casa de Borgoña
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: [and the ALGARVE
  
• Christening: 28 de maio de 1357 in Lisboa, Portugal at LATI: N8.7 LONG: E9.1833
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: [& the Algarves]
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Rey
  
• Title+Of+Nobility: in Portugal at LATI: N9.7707 LONG: E7.9781 with note: GEDCOM data
  
• Occupation: rey de Portugaldesde 1325 hasta 1357
  
• Occupation: Rei de Portugal - 7ºBET 1325 AND 1357 with note: updateEventReason
  
• Occupation: in King of Portugal
  
• FSID: LTKD-XJF
  
• Occupation: peste negra no seu reinado
  
• AFN: in 9BBL-8V
  
• Clan Name: with note: Description: Dinastía de los Capetos
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: King
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Afonso IV, Rei de Portugal was born in 1291.2 He was the son of Deniz, Rei de Portugal and Isabel de Aragón.3 He married Beatriz de Castilla, daughter of Sancho IV, Rey de Castilla y León and Maria de Molina, in 1309.2 He died in 1357.2
  He succeeded as the Rei Afonso IV de Portugal in 1325.1 Afonso IV, Rei de Portugal also went by the nick-name of Afonso 'the Bold'.4
  Children of Afonso IV, Rei de Portugal and Beatriz de Castilla
  Maria de Portugal+2 b. 1313, d. 1357
  Pedro I, Rei de Portugal+1 b. 1320, d. 1367
  Eleonore de Portugal1 b. 1328, d. 1348
  Citations
  [S16] Jirí Louda and Michael MacLagan, Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, 2nd edition (London, U.K.: Little, Brown and Company, 1999), table 46. Hereinafter cited as Lines of Succession.
  [S16] Louda and MacLagan, Lines of Succession, table 47.
  [S16] Louda and MacLagan, Lines of Succession, table 115.
  [S38] John Morby, Dynasties of the World: a chronological and genealogical handbook (Oxford, Oxfordshire, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1989), page 120. Hereinafter cited as Dynasties of the World.
  
  Alfonso IV de Portugal, apodado el Bravo (Lisboa, 8 de febrero de 1291 - Lisboa, 28 de mayo de 1357), fue rey de Portugal desde 1325 hasta su muerte. Era el único hijo legítimo del rey Dionisio I de Portugal y de su mujer Santa Isabel de Portugal.
  Es recordado como un soldado valiente y un experimentado general, de ahí su apodo el Bravo. Fue uno de los primeros promotores de la marina portuguesa. Destinó fondos públicos a aumentar la flota comercial y ordenó las primeras expediciones portuguesas.
  Las Islas Canarias fueron objetivo de sus expediciones junto a mallorquines y castellanos, todas ellas precedidas de las expediciones genovesas, como la de Lanceloto Malocello.
  Entró en pleito con su hijo (el infante Pedro de Portugal) por la relación con la doncella gallega Inés de Castro, durante una etapa de conflictos dinásticos con el reino de Castilla que desencadenaría en el interregno de 1383-1385
  Alfonso era el heredero legítimo al trono de su padre. Sin embargo, según diversas fuentes, no era el hijo favorito del rey ya que su medio hermano, Alfonso Sánchez, hijo ilegítimo del rey, gozaba del favor real. La rivalidad entre ellos desembocó en diversos conatos de guerra civil. El 7 de enero de 1325, Dionisio murió y Alfonso se convirtió en rey. Vengándose de su hermanastro, lo desterró a Castilla y expropió todas las tierras y posesiones que su padre le había donado. Alfonso Sánchez no se rindió y, desde Castilla, orquestó una serie de intentos de usurpación de la corona. Tras diversos intentos de invasión fallidos, ambos hermanos firmaron un tratado de paz, arreglado por la reina madre Isabel.
  En 1309, Alfonso IV se casó con la infanta Beatriz de Castilla, hija del rey Sancho IV de Castilla y de su esposa María de Molina. La primera hija del matrimonio, María, casó con el rey Alfonso XI de Castilla en 1328. En esas fechas, el heredero de Alfonso, su hijo Pedro se prometía con otra princesa castellana, Constanza Manuel. Estos acuerdos estuvieron en peligro por el comportamiento de Alfonso XI que menospreciaba a su esposa en público. Alfonso IV, molesto por el trato dado a su hija, inició una guerra con Castilla. La guerra terminó tras cuatro años de enfrentamientos gracias a la intervención de la propia María.
  En 1336 las tropas portuguesas invadieron el reino de Castilla y pusieron sitio a la ciudad de Badajoz, pero poco después fueron derrotadas por el ejército castellano-leonés en la batalla de Villanueva de Barcarrota, librada en 1336, lo que obligó al monarca lusitano a regresar al reino de Portugal junto a su ejército, pues tenía conocimiento de que varios ejércitos castellanos, que le superaban en número, se aproximaban a él.
  En 1339 se firmó un tratado de paz en Sevilla; ese mismo año, las tropas portuguesas desempeñaron un importante papel en la victoria de la Batalla del río Salado contra los benimerines.
  La última etapa del reinado de Alfonso IV estuvo marcada por las intrigas políticas. La guerra civil entre el rey Pedro I de Castilla y su hermanastro Enrique de Trastamara hizo que numerosos nobles castellanos se exiliaran a Portugal. Estos emigrantes crearon una facción entre la corte portuguesa, buscando privilegios que pudieran compensar de alguna forma lo perdido en el exilio. Poco a poco fueron ganando poder, especialmente después de que Inés de Castro, hija de un importante noble y doncella de la infanta Constanza, se convirtiera en la amante del esposo de su ama: Pedro, el heredero de Portugal.
  Alfonso IV, que no estaba satisfecho con la elección amorosa de su hijo, esperó que la relación fuera una simple aventura amorosa. Desgraciadamente para los asuntos políticos no fue así. Pedro estaba realmente enamorado de Inés, reconoció a los hijos que tuvo con ella y, lo peor de todo, favoreció a los nobles castellanos que la rodeaban. Además, tras la muerte de su esposa en 1349, Pedro se negó a casarse con otra mujer que no fuera Inés.
  La situación fue empeorando con los años y el anciano Alfonso perdió el control de la corte. El heredero de Pedro, Fernando, era un niño enfermizo mientras que los hijos ilegítimos de Inés crecían fuertes y sanos. Preocupado ante un inminente conflicto dinástico (que culminaría en el interregno de 1383-1385), en 1354 Alfonso trasladó su corte a Montemor-o-Velho y se inició una conspiración para deshacerse de Inés de Castro. Tres consejeros, Pedro Coelho, Diego López Pacheco y Álvaro Gonçalves, son señalados como los más incisivos en presionar al rey para que se la asesine.
  Inés es asesinada en la Quinta das Lágrimas en enero de 1355. Los principales implicados fueron protegidos por Alfonso (Pedro jamás le perdonó esta decisión). Lleno de ira, el propio Pedro se puso al frente de un ejército y devastó el país entre los ríos Duero y Miño antes de la muerte de Alfonso, el 28 de mayo de 1357. Se encuentra sepultado en la Catedral de Lisboa.
  Contrajo matrimonio el 12 de septiembre de 1309 con la infanta Beatriz de Castilla, hija de Sancho IV de Castilla, y de la reina María de Molina:
  • María de Portugal (1313-1357), contrajo matrimonio con Alfonso XI de Castilla, rey de Castilla y fueron los padres de Pedro I de Castilla;
  • Alfonso (1315), heredero, murió en la infancia;
  • Dionísio (n. 12 de febrero de 1317), heredero, murió pocos meses después de nacer;
  • Pedro I de Portugal (1320-1367), rey de Portugal a la muerte de su padre;
  • Isabel (21 de diciembre de 1324-11 de julio de 1326). Fue sepultada en el monasterio de Santa Clara de Coímbra;
  • Juan (1326-1327);
  • Leonor (1328-1348), contrajo matrimonio con Pedro IV de Aragón.
  Algunos historiadores aseguran que no tuvo ningún hijo extramatrimonial, pero otros, como Francisco Fernández de Béthencourt y Luis de Salazar y Castroe afirman que tuvo una hija ilegítima llamada María Alfonso de Portugal (1316-1384), casada con Fernando Alfonso de Valencia, maestre de la Orden de Santiago y bisnieto de los reyes Alfonso X y Sancho IV de Castilla, con quien tuvo varios hijos.
  
  Thomas Cuthbert Baines
  
  Born 1849 - St Pancras, London, Middlesex, England
  
  Died Apr 1912 - Durham, United Kingdom
  
  Son of Dr. Johnson Kaye Baines and Sarah Jane (ne Paul)
  
  Married Ann Moir 1872
  
  Children:
  John Kaye Bain
  
  BIO
  BIO: from http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/PORTUGAL.htm#AffonsoIVdied1357B as of 3/28/2016
  
  Infante dom AFONSO de Portugal, son of DINIZ "o Justo" King of Portugal & his wife Infanta doña Isabel de Ar
  
  === Legitimacy ===
  He was the only legitimate son of King Denis of Portugal by his wife Elizabeth of Aragon.
  
  === Alfonso IV the Brave of Portugal (1290- ===
  Alfonso IV the Brave of Portugal (1290-1357), king of Portugal (1325-1357), son of Diniz of Portugal, his notoriety is based on his murder of his son Dom Pedro's second wife, Inés de Castro. Alfonso IV feared that any children by Inés de Castro, a member of the Castilian royal family, would lead to dynastic wars and rival claims to Dom Pedro's son by his first wife.
  
  === King of the Algarves & Portugal 1325-135 ===
  King of the Algarves & Portugal 1325-1357. He ordered the murder of Inesde Castro, the wife of his son Dom Pedro; she was a member of theCastilian royal family, and Alfonso feared the marriage would hurtPortugal politically. (Funk & Wagnalls)
  
  === !Turton 34,44 Von Isenburg 2, Tab 53,47, ===
  !Turton 34,44 Von Isenburg 2, Tab 53,47,48.
  
  === Alfonso succeeded his father in 1325. H ===
  Alfonso succeeded his father in 1325. His reign was marked by internal revolts, conflicts with Castile, and dislocations in the wake of the Black Death. In 1348 the Black Death claimed about one-third of the population of Portugal. Some villages and small towns completely disappeared. The people flocked to the cities leaving the countryside depopulated. Famine and food shortages became regular occurrences in many parts of the kingdom. In 1355 he ordered the death of Ines de Castro, the wife of his son Dom Pedro. She was a member of the Castilian royal family and Alfonso had her killed because he feared the marriage would hurt Portugal politically.
  
  === Afonso IV
  
  born Feb. 8, 1291, Lisbon die ===
  Afonso IV
  
  born Feb. 8, 1291, Lisbon died May 28, 1357, Lisbon
  
  byname Afonso The Brave, Portuguese Afonso O Bravo seventh king of Portugal (1325–57).
  
  Afonso IV was the son of King Dinis and of Isabella, daughter of Peter II of Aragon. Afonso resented his father's generosity toward two illegitimate sons and in 1320 demanded to be given power, remaining in open revolt until May 1322. His mother reconciled them, but the conflict broke out again. When Dinis died, Afonso succeeded to the throne, but the quarrel was transferred to Castile, which sheltered his half brother. However, when the Marinid sultan of Morocco invaded Spain in 1340, Afonso IV led a force that joined Alfonso XI of Castile in the victory of the Salado River near Tárifa (Oct. 30, 1340).
  
  In 1355 Afonso ordered the murder of Inês de Castro, the Galician mistress of his heir, the future Peter I, because he feared the influence of her family in Portugal. Peter rebelled, but Afonso finally was reconciled with him before his death. [Encyclopædia Britannica, online ]
  
  === d. Afonso IV,
  
  "o Bravo", n. 8 FEV 1291 ===
  d. Afonso IV,
  
  "o Bravo", n. 8 FEV 1291 em Coimbra, f. 28 MAI 1357 em Lisboa, onde jaz na Sé; 7 rei de Portugal em 1325. O ciúme dos favores que seu pai d. Dinis I dispensava a seu filho ilegítimo Afonso Sanches, levou d. Afonso IV, ainda infante, a pegar em armas por duas vezes contra seu pai e soberano, e as tropas que o seguiam devastaram atrozmente algumas regiões do país. A intervenção de d. Isabel, sua mãe, evitou que as hostes do rei e as do infante viessem às mãos, e d. Dinis perdoou no seu leito de morte ao filho rebelde. Por agravos que recebera de seu genro d. Afonso XI, rei de Castela, marido de sua filha d. Maria de Portugal, d. Afonso IV moveu Cintra ele uma guerra que durou quatro anos, sem resultado decisivo. A ameaça de terrível invasão sarracena em Espanha determinou os dois monarcas cristãos a aliar-se contra o inimigo comum. Encontraram os dois exércitos, português e castelhano, com os invasores junto às margens do Salado. A derrota dos Mouros foi completa. Por essa vitória, d. Afonso IV passou a ser também chamado d. Afonso do Salado. O seu reinado, mercê das qualidades de administrador e legislador de que deu provas o monarca, teria deixado na história excelente nome, se o não houvesse manchado nos últimos anos o bárbaro assassínio de Inês de Castro; d.Afonso IV tinha gênio violento e irascível, ao qual, tanto como à sua intrepidez, deveu o cognome histórico de "o Bravo". Refere a tradição que, no princípio de seu reinado, o soberano se ocupava mais de caçadas e montarias do que dos negócios públicos. Uma vez, estando o conselho reunido em Cintra, como d. Afonso IV se pusesse a contar prolixamente os episódios de uma cacada de que pouco antes regressara, um dos conselheiros presentes teve a hombridade de o interromper, exprobrando-lhe o seu gosto imoderado por distrações a que sacrificava os seus deveres de rei, e chegando a dizer-lhe que continuaria reinando em Portugal se dedicasse a seus deveres, senão ...
  _ Senão o que? Atalhou o soberano, com violência.
  _ Senão , não! Respondeu-lhe o conselheiro, muito desassombradamente.
  
  CRONOLOGIA
  
  1336 - Guerra entre ele e seu genro d. Afonso XI, de Castela.
  
  1340 - 30 de outubro: reconciliados, os dois monarcas peninsulares vencem o emir de Marrocos Abul-Hassan, na batalha do Salado.
  
  1355 - 7 de janeiro: execução de d. Inês de Castro, em Coimbra, seguindo-lhe a rebelião do príncipe real d. Pedro.
  
  1357 - 28 de maio: morte de d. Afonso IV
  
  === Alfonso ===
  Afonso IV[a] (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐˈfõsu]; 8 February 1291 – 28 May 1357), called the Brave (Portuguese: o Bravo), was King of Portugal from 1325 until his death.
  
  === BETHAMIS GENEALOGICAL TABLES (GS NUMBER ===
  BETHAMIS GENEALOGICAL TABLES (GS NUMBER Q929.2 B465G);
  
  === !EWH, Langer, p254; Afonso IV 1325-1357; ===
  !EWH, Langer, p254; Afonso IV 1325-1357; !#21-v3-p434;
  
  === BETHAMIS GENEALOGICAL TABLES (GS NUMBER ===
  BETHAMIS GENEALOGICAL TABLES (GS NUMBER Q929.2 B465G) TAB 235; ANDERSON'S ROYAL GENEALOGIES (GS NUMBER Q929.2 AN23R) TAB 460; KEISER UND KOENIG HISTOIRE UND GENEALOGIE (GS NUMBER Q940 D22L) TAB 25; GENEALOGISHE TABELLIN (GS NUMBER ESQ940 D2V) TAB 23; GEORGE'S GENEALOGICAL TABLES (GS NUMBER ESQ940 D2Q) TAB 36; ANCESTRAL FILE, LDS GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY;
  
  === My PAF Notes ===
  from thepeerage.com, 5/2009:
  Afonso IV de Bourgogne, Rei de Portugal1
  M, #113377, b. 1291, d. 1357
  Afonso IV de Bourgogne, Rei de Portugal|b. 1291\nd. 1357|p11338.htm#i113377|Deniz de Bourgogne, Rei de Portugal|b. 1261\nd. 1325|p11336.htm#i113356|Isabel de Aragón|b. 1271\nd. 1336|p11336.htm#i113355|Afonso I. de Bourgogne, Rei de Portugal|b. 1210\nd. 1279|p11431.htm#i114305|Beatriz A. de Castilla|b. 1242\nd. 1308|p11431.htm#i114308|Pedro I., Rey de Aragón|b. 1236\nd. 1285|p11335.htm#i113341|Constance of Sicily|d. 1302|p11335.htm#i113342|
  Last Edited=3 Sep 2005
  Consanguinity Index=0.61%
  Afonso IV de Bourgogne, Rei de Portugal was born in 1291.3 He was the son of Deniz de Bourgogne, Rei de Portugal and Isabel de Aragón .2 He married Beatriz de Castilla , daughter of Sancho IV, Rey de Castilla y León and Maria de Molina , in 1309.3 He died in 1357.3
  Afonso IV de Bourgogne, Rei de Portugal succeeded to the title of Rei Afonso IV de Portugal in 1325.1 Afonso IV de Bourgogne, Rei de Portugal also went by the nick-name of Afonso 'the Bold'.4
  Children of Afonso IV de Bourgogne, Rei de Portugal and Beatriz de Castilla
  Maria de Portugal + b. 1313, d. 13573
  Pedro I de Bourgogne, Rei de Portugal + b. 1320, d. 13671
  Eleonore de Portugal b. 1328, d. 13481
  Citations
  [S16 ] Jirí Louda and Michael MacLagan, Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, 2nd edition (London, U.K.: Little, Brown and Company, 1999), table 46. Hereinafter cited as Lines of Succession.
  [S16 ] Louda and MacLagan, Lines of Succession, table 115.
  [S16 ] Louda and MacLagan, Lines of Succession, table 47.
  [S38 ] John Morby, Dynasties of the World: a chronological and genealogical handbook (Oxford, Oxfordshire, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1989), page 120. Hereinafter cited as Dynasties of the World.
  
  === Alfonso succeeded his father Diniz to t ===
  Alfonso succeeded his father Diniz to the throne and was the grandson of Alfonso III. He ordered the murder of Ine's de Castro, the wife of his son Dom Pedro. She was a member of the Castilian royal family, and Alfonso IV feared the marriage would hurt Portugal politically.
  
  === Rivalry for throne ===
  Afonso, born in Lisbon, was the rightful heir to the Portuguese throne. However, he was not Denis' favourite son, the old king preferring his illegitimate son, Afonso Sanches.[1] The notorious rivalry between the half brothers led to civil war several times. On 7 January 1325, Afonso's father died and he, Afonso IV, became king, whereupon he exiled his rival, Afonso Sanches, to Castile, and stripped him of all the lands and fiefdom given by their father, Denis. From Castile, Afonso Sanches orchestrated a series of attempts to usurp the crown. After a few failed attempts at invasion, the brothers signed a peace treaty, arranged by Afonso's mother Queen Elizabeth.[2]
  
  === King of Portugal (1325-57), he is best r ===
  King of Portugal (1325-57), he is best remembered for countenancing the murder of his son's mistress (or wife), the most romantic figure in Portugese history.
  
  === ! ! ! !Book: Kings, Rulers, and Statesm ===
  ! ! ! !Book: Kings, Rulers, and Statesmen

• m. 1309

1. María of Portugal Queen of Castile, b. 9 FEB 1313 in Évora, Évora, Portugal     d. 18 JAN 1357 in Évora, Évora, Portugal

1. Title: Afonso IV the Brave, King of Portugal, "Find A Grave Index"
   Author: "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q2SM-HLVM : 15 June 2022), Afonso IV the Brave, King of Portugal, ; Burial, Lisbon, Lisboa Municipality, Lisboa, Portugal, Sé de Lisboa; citing record ID 156694315, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
   Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q2SM-HLVM;
   
2. Title: Afonso IV of Portugal, "Find A Grave Index"
   Author: "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVVZ-962W : 14 June 2022), Afonso IV of Portugal, ; Burial, Lisbon, Lisboa Municipality, Lisboa, Portugal, Sé de Lisboa; citing record ID 10689122, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
   Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVVZ-962W;
   
3. Title: Afonso IV of Portugal, "Find A Grave Index"
   Author: "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVVZ-962W : 14 June 2022), Afonso IV of Portugal, ; Burial, Lisbon, Lisboa Municipality, Lisboa, Portugal, Sé de Lisboa; citing record ID 10689122, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
   Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVVZ-962W;