Fernando García de Hita y Castro

• Preferred Name: Fernando García de Hita y Castro^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• Christening: 1071 in Huesca, Aragón, España at LATI: N2.1137 LONG: E0.4139
  
• Profession: with note: Description: Señor de Cuellar
  
• Death: aproximadamente 1135
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Señor de Hita, Uceda, Guadalajara y Medinaceli
  
• Progenitor of Castro Dynasty: ABT 1130 in Castrogeriz, Castrojeriz, Burgos, Castilla y León, Spain at LATI: N2.2881 LONG: E4.1385 with note: Description: founder Historical data
  
• FSID: LTTX-MQG
  
• Birth: 1065 in Castro, Cillorigo de Liébana, Provincia de Cantabria, Cantabria, España at LATI: N3.1756 LONG: E4.6002
  
• Carta+de+arras: with note: Description: "...una carta de arras, la que otorgó a su esposa, Estefanía Armengol, Fernando García de Hita, es decir, la carta de arras que sirvió para afirmar el vínculo matrimonial de los padres de Urraca Fernández". - file:///home/chronos/u-fbfb93de5769a14093a8a88dc877104aae76eba4/Downloads/Dialnet-LaMujerYLaSerpienteAPropositoDeLaCartaDeArrasDeLaC-6025647%20(1).pdf - Pagina 245.
  
• Clan Name: with note: Description: House of Castro
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Fernando García de Hita (c. 1065-antes de 1135) fue señor de Hita, Uceda, Guadalajara y Medinaceli y el genearca de la Casa de Castro.
  
  Orígenes familiares
  
  Su filiación ha sido objeto de debate entre los historiadores y genealogistas de todos los tiempos. Algunos sostienen que fue hijo natural del rey García de Galicia,​ aunque él nunca se autodenomina filius regis en la documentación de la época.
  
  Según Jaime de Salazar y Acha, fue hijo del conde García Ordóñez y la infanta Urraca Garcés, hija legítima del rey García Sánchez III de Pamplona y de la reina Estefanía, lo cual confirma la ascendencia de la casa real pamplonesa que la mayoría de los historiadores adscriben a la Casa de Castro.
  
  El autor esgrime varios argumentos a favor de esta filiación, entre ellos, una cita del cronista musulmán Ibn Abi Zar en su obra Rawd al-Qirtas: «Supo el emir Mazdali que Ibn al Zand Garsis (hijo del conde García) señor de Guadalajara sitiaba Medinaceli y se dirigió contra él», constando en la documentación que Fernando García fue señor de dicha ciudad durante los años 1107 y 1110. En 1119 recibió Uceda e Hita de Urraca I de León.
  
  Otro argumento que apoya dicha filiación es el hecho que tuvo un hermano, quien sería hijo ilegítimo, llamado Fernando García el Menor quien figura en la documentación con el apodo «Pellica» que significa «bastardo», derivado de «pellicatus», o sea, adulterio.a​ Según Salazar y Acha, era una típica costumbre de la dinastía pamplonesa el poner a dos hermanos, uno legítimo y otro bastardo, el mismo nombre, lo cual apoya aún más su hipótesis sobre la filiación de Fernando García de Hita
  
  House of Castro
  The House of Castro was founded in Castile, Spain. The name derives from the town of Castrogeriz in the Spanish Province of Burgos. They were a very influencial noble family in the region. The hous
  
  === Fernando, o de CASTRO,
  
  f. Morto no cerc ===
  Fernando, o de CASTRO,
  
  f. Morto no cerco de Huesca.
  
  Senhor de Castro-Xerez, o primeiro CASTRO que assim se chamou, sendo ele o tronco indiscutivel de toda essa celebre raca, a que deu glorioso apelido esse glorioso feudo.
  
  === Parentage ===
  Fernan Garcia de Hita is the first documented ancestor of the house of Castro. Contemporary documentation shows him to have been cousin of Queen Urraca (daughter of Alfonso VI), adn to have had a brother of the same name, Fernan Garcia the younger. Given his patronymic, which indicates his father bore the name Garcia, historians traditionally have identified him as son of the unfortunate king, Garcia II of Galicia. This man, as a young adult, was first chased out of his kingdom by his brothers, then on his attempted return, was captured and imprisoned for life. There is no contemporary or near contemporary documentation taht indicates he either married or had children.
  
  Historian Jaime de Salazay y Acha discovered an Arabic chronicler in which Fernan Garcia de Hita is explicitly called 'son of count Garcia', not king Garcia. His attention fell on Garcia Ordonez, the premier count of his time, who was married to Urraca Garcia de Navarre, the first cousin of Alfonso VI and king Garcia, giving a relationship just one generation farther removed. Further, Garcia Ordonez is known to have had two sons named Fernan Garcia, matching the situation with Fernan Garcia de Hita and his brother Fernan 'the younger'. Not all scholars have accepted this alternative parentage, but it seems more likely than teh otherwise undocumented connection to King Garcia, that is seemingly contradicted by the chronicle referring to his father only as a count.
  
  === THE PLANTAGENET ANCESTRY (GS NUMBER Q940 ===
  THE PLANTAGENET ANCESTRY (GS NUMBER Q940 D2T) P.64, 71;

• m. 1090 in Spain

1. Rodrigo Fernández de Castro “el Calvo”, b. 1090 in Spain     d. 29 OCT 1143 in Castilla y León, Spain

• m. 12 de noviembre de 1119

1. Martín Fernández de Hita, b. 1100 in Spain     d. 1153
2. Urraca García Armengol, b. ABT 1116 in Castro,, Spain     d. ABT 1180 in Spain

1. Title: Wikipedia - House of Castro
   Author: References[edit] Libro becerro de las behetrías. Estudio y texto crítico por Gonzalo Martínez Díez, León: Centro de Estudios e Investigación San Isidoro, 1981. 3 volúmenes. Colección Fuentes y Estudios de Historia Leonesa, nº 24–26. ISBN 84-00-04722-2. Signatura de la Biblioteca del CIDA: nº 1998. Estudio y Texto crítico Martinez García, Mónica Pedro Fernández de Castro, O Gran Conde de Lemos, Santiago de Compostela, 2005.ISBN 84-453-3763-7. Salazar Acha, Jaime de. "El linaje castellano de Castro en el siglo XII: consideraciones e hipótesis sobre su origin." Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía, 1:33–68 (1991). Vázquez, Germán Historia de Monforte y su Tierra de Lemos, ISBN 84-241-9865-4.
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Castro;
   Note: The House of Castro is an Iberian noble lineage present in the since the Middle Ages in the kingdoms of Castile, Galicia, and Portugal. Though its exact origins are disputed, the House of Castro became one of the most powerful families of the Spanish and Portuguese nobility. History The first clearly identified member of the family was early-12th century count Fernando García de Hita, a kinsman and vassal of Urraca of León and Castile. This kinship, along with his patronymic, have led to him being considered illegitimate son of Urraca's uncle García II of Galicia.[1] More recently, it has been suggested that he was the son of count García Ordóñez by the infanta Urraca Garcés of Navarre, and perhaps scion of the Banu Gómez clan.[2] During the reign of Alfonso VIII, the Castro family, under Gutierrez Fernandez, rivaled another major Castilian family, the House of Lara, for power in the kingdom of Castile. The lack of heirs in the senior line resulted in the rise of a cadet branch seated in Galicia. This branch became the most powerful of the Galician nobility, and one of the most powerful in Spain. Traditionally linked to the county of Lemos, the most illustrious representatives were the "Great Count of Lemos" and his uncle, Cardinal Rodrigo de Castro Osorio. Another scion, Pedro Antonio Fernández de Castro is still well remembered in Peru.The arms of Portuguese and Galician branches of the House of Castro The House of Castro became one of the most powerful families of the Spanish and Portuguese nobility. The House of Castro went into decline because of their lack of offspring, with the county of Lemos passing to the House of Alba. The coat of the Galician branch of the House of Castro were six blue roundels on a silver field. The Portuguese branch used a variant that included thirteen roundels on gold.
   
2. Title: Legacy NFS Source: Fernando Garces - birth: about 1065; Spain
   Note: birth: about 1065; Spain death: before 1165; Spain
   Page: Migrated from user-supplied source citation: urn:familysearch:source:3245492958
   
3. Title: Wikipedia: Fernando García de Hita
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Garc%C3%ADa_de_Hita;
   Note: Fernando García de Hita (or de Fita; floruit 1097–1125) was a Castilian nobleman, traditionally considered the founder of the noble House of Castro. He governed the lordships of Hita and Guadalajara, and frequently attended the royal court under King Alfonso VI and Queen Urraca. Parentage "Fernando García de Hita" is a conventional name. Contemporary documents only record Fernando with his patronymic, which may also be spelled "Garcés" or "Garciaz" and indicates that his father's name was García. In one charter, Queen Urraca refers to Fernando as "our cousin, Sir Fernando García" (uobis annaia don Ferrando Garciez). In another, she refers to Fernando's second wife as "my cousin" (mea cogermana). The ancestries of both Urraca and Fernando's second wife are well known and they were not blood relations, the charters can only refer to a blood relation between Urraca and Fernando, simplest to explain by viewing Fernando as the son of Urraca's uncle, King García II of Galicia.[1][2] Were this the case, Fernando would probably have been born to a mistress while García was in captivity.[3] Other evidence points to Fernando being the son of Count García Ordóñez de Nájera. The Muslim historian Ibn Abi Zar recorded that a "son of Count García" (Iben al-Zand Garsís) held the towns of Guadalajara and Hita.[4][5] Were Fernando legitimate son of Count García by his first wife, the royal princess Urraca Garcés of Navarre, he would likewise be a cousin of Queen Urraca.[1][2][4] Career In twelfth-century León and Castile, it was uncommon for the lords of the southern frontier—whose primary responsibility was defence against the Almoravids—to frequently attend the itinerant royal court. Fernando seems to have done both. He was given charge of several frontier fiefs (tenencias) and still managed to witness to twelve royal charters during the reign of Urraca. He was the royal official (alcalde) in charge of Guadalajara and Medinaceli in 1107. According to the Anonymous Chronicles of Sahagún, in 1111 Fernando convinced Count Henry of Portugal to break his alliance with King Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre, and then negotiated a renewed alliance between Alfonso and Urraca after the latter distanced herself from Count Henry.[6] The Historia Compostellana also refers to the aid a certain "Count Fernando" gave his relative, Queen Urraca, at this time, but historians are divided as to whether this is a reference to Fernando García de Hita, since there is no other evidence that he ever received the title of "count".[7] Wives and children Fernando's first wife was Tegridia. Based on her son being called sobrinus of Count Rodrigo Martínez, historian Pascual Martínez Sopena concluded she was Tegridia Martínez, a sister of Count Rodrigo and daughter of Count Martín Flaínez and his wife Sancha Fernández,[8] while Jaime de Salazar y Acha concluded she was Tegridia Fernández, sister of Sancha and aunt of Count Rodrigo.[9] Either would make her cousin of Eilo Alfonso, wife of powerful count Pedro Ansúrez.[10] José María Canal Sánchez-Pagín simply calls her a member of the Ansúrez family.[5] She died before her husband, leaving him two sons: Gutierre Fernández de Castro and Rodrigo Fernández de Castro.[5] Fernando married his second wife, Stephanie (Estefanía), daughter of Count Ermengol V of Urgell, probably in early 1119, while she was still quite young.[11] On 12 November 1119 Fernando had a grant of bridewealth (carta de arras) drawn up for his second wife. He bestowed on her his half of properties at Castrojeriz and Cerrato, which he had acquired with his first wife and which had been divided between him and his children by Tegridia at her death. He also granted Stephanie the half he claimed of some properties at Cevico and Uceda, which he and Stephanie had previously acquired together. Earlier that year, in April or May, Queen Urraca had granted those lands at Uceda and some others at Hita to the betrothed or recently married couple. On 30 June she granted the lands at Cevico to Stephanie to be held independently of her husband or his existing children. Fernando disregarded this royal charter, placing greater stock in aristocratic custom based on Visigothic law, by which he acquired one half of all his wife's acquisitions during their marriage.[12][13] Fernando and Stephanie had two daughters: Urraca Fernández and Sancha Fernández. Urraca, probably conceived shortly after their marriage, was betrothed to Count Rodrigo Martínez, who granted her a bridewealth on 29 November 1129, when she was probably only ten years old.[11] Stephanie also bore Fernando two sons: Pedro Fernández de Castro, who became the first Grand Master of the Order of Santiago, and Martín Fernández de Castro.[7] Fernando died about 1125. Stephanie, ten years a widow and still young, married Count Rodrigo González de Lara in 1135.[14]
   
4. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
   Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SPANISH%20NOBILITY%20LATER%20MEDIEVAL.htm#FernandoGarciaCastro;
   Note: [FERNANDO García, illegitimate son of GARCÍA King of Galicia & his wife ---] ([1073/90]-). Reilly[361] suggests that Fernando García de Castro may have been the illegitimate son of García King of Galicia, son of Fernando I King of Castile and León, born during his father's period of imprisonment, therefore after 1073. The chronology of this suggestion would be in doubt if Fernando's son, Gutierre, was a young adult in 1105 but, as explained below, this is difficult to sustain. No confirmation has yet been found in contemporary documentation that King García had an illegitimate child, so this theory must remain an interesting speculation. same person as…? FERNANDO García [de Hita/de Castro] (-[killed in battle] [1134]). Urraca Queen of Castile granted him the villas of Hita and Uceda. The dating clause of a charter dated 1110, under which Alfonso I King of Aragon donated property to Valvanera, records “...Fernandus Garsea, Fictam...”[362]. He acted as the queen's intermediary with her second husband Alfonso I "el Batallador" King of Aragon[363]. "Urracha…Ispanie regina, regis Aldefonsi regineque Constantie filia" donated property to the abbey of Silos by charter dated 26 Mar 1119, confirmed by "…Fernandus Garsie maior, Fernandus Garsie minor…"[364]. The Chronica Adefonsi Imperatoris records that "Fernando Fernández, the governor of Hita" (presumably an error for Fernando García) was killed fighting the Muslims, the dating of this event being difficult from the context although it appears to have been before the death of Alfonso I King of Aragon (in 1134)[365]. [m firstly ([1085]) ---. No direct evidence has been found of this first marriage. However, it is possible, as shown below, that Fernando´s oldest son was a young adult in 1105. This would place his parents´ marriage in [1085]. If the suggested identity of Fernando´s wife Tigridia is correct as shown below, it is unlikely from a chronological point of view that she could have married that early, which would point to an earlier otherwise unrecorded marriage.] m [firstly/secondly] ([1085]) TEGRIDIA ---, daughter of --- (-before 1119). "Ferrando Garciez" granted arras to "uxori meæ Estefania Ermegoz comitis Ermegodis filiæ", including over property inherited from "altera muliere Tigridia", by charter dated 12 Nov 1119[366]. Her marriage date is estimated on the basis of their older son being a young adult in 1105, although as shown below this is not necessarily correct. It is possible that she was Tegridia Martínez, daughter of Martín Flaínez & his wife Sancha Fernández. This suggested co-relationship is based on the charter dated 21 Nov 1129, under which the brother of Tegridia Martínez "Comes Rodericus…comitis Martini filius" granted arras to "Vrrace Fernandi uxore mee legitime, Fernandi Garcie et infantisse domine Stephanie fillie", which was confirmed by "…Rodericus Fernandi sobrinus comitis Roderici, Gundisaluus Adefonsi comitis Roderici cognatus…"[367], together with the fact that Fernando names his earlier wife Tegridia in a charter dated 12 Nov 1119[368]. If the hypothesis is correct, the husband of Fernando´s daughter of Urraca would have been Tegridia´s brother. m [secondly/thirdly] (contract 12 Nov 1119) as her first husband, ESTEFANIA de Urgell, daughter of ARMENGOL V "él de Mayeruca" Comte de Urgell & his wife María Pérez Señora de Valladolid (-after 1143). "Regina Don Urraka tocius Ispaniæ Ildefonsi magni Inperatoris filia" granted the villa of Cevico de la Torre to "mea cogermana Domna Estefania comitis Ermegodis filia" by charter dated 30 Jun 1119[369]. The family relationship between Estefania and Queen Urraca has not been established, unless it relates to the possible descent of Estefania´s first husband from the family of the kings of León. "Ferrando Garciez" granted arras to "uxori meæ Estefania Ermegoz comitis Ermegodis filiæ", including over property inherited from "altera muliere Tigridia", by charter dated 12 Nov 1119[370]. She married secondly (9 Sep 1135) conde Rodrigo González de Lara Señor de Lara y Liebana. Alfonso VII King of Castile granted various properties to "comiti Roderico Gonzaluez et uxori tue comittisse Stephanie Armengol et…comiti Roderici Martinez et uxori tue comitisse Urraca" by charter dated Jul 1135[371]. "Comes Rudericus Gundisalui" granted arras to "coniugi mee comitissa domna Steuania" by charter dated 6 Sep 1135[372]. "Stephania…comitissa bonæ memoriæ Armengoldi comitis filiæ" founded the monastery of Santa María de Valbuena by charter dated 15 Feb 1143, witnessed by "domna Urraca Ferrandiz comitissa, Martinus Ferrandiz, domna Sancia Ferrandiz, Petrus Ferrandiz, Gutterius Ferrandiz, Rodericus Ferrandiz…"[373]. Fernando & his [first] or [first/second] wife had one child: 1. GUTIERRE Fernández de Castro (-1166, bur monastery of San Cristobál de Ibeas).