Ramiro de León III

• Preferred Name: Ramiro de León III^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• Burial: 985 in Basilica de San Isidora, León, Castilla y León, Espanha at LATI: N2.598 LONG: E5.577 with note: re-interred at the Basilica de San Isidora from the Monastery of San Miguel in Astorga in the XVI century.
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Rei de LeãoBET 966 AND 985
  
• FSID: LWSN-C2S
  
• Birth: 961 in Destriana, León, Castilla y León, Espanha at LATI: N2.327 LONG: E6.0957 with note: See Life Sketch & Sources
  
• Death: 26 JUN 985 in Destriana, León, Castilla y León, Espanha at LATI: N2.327 LONG: E6.0957 with note: Wikipedia
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Ramiro III de León Rey de León
  Reinado 966-985
  Predecesor Sancho I
  Sucesor Bermudo II
  Información personal
  Nacimiento 961
  Fallecimiento 26 de junio de 985
  Destriana, León
  Entierro Panteón de Reyes de San Isidoro de León
  Familia
  Dinastía Astur-leonesa
  Padre Sancho I de León
  Madre Teresa Ansúrez
  Consorte Sancha Gómez
  Regente
  Elvira Ramírez
  Teresa Ansúrez
  [editar datos en Wikidata]
  Ramiro III de León (961-Destriana, 26 de junio de 985) fue rey de León entre 966 y 985. Sucedió a su padre Sancho I en el trono a los cinco años de edad. A su muerte, le sucedió su primo Bermudo II con quien llevaba en guerra por la corona desde 981.
  
  Biografía
  Después del asesinato de su padre Sancho I de León1​ por parte de cierta nobleza gallega —entre el 15 de noviembre de 966, la data de su último diploma, y el primero expedido por Ramiro III en Sahagún el 19 de diciembre del mismo año—,2​ la regencia del reino quedó en manos de dos mujeres: su tía la infanta y monja Elvira Ramírez que hizo las veces de reina durante la minoría de edad del monarca,3​1​ y su madre la reina Teresa Ansúrez, que después de enviudar profesó en el monasterio de San Pelayo de Oviedo donde llegó a ser abadesa.
  
  Como rey, ratificó el tratado de paz con el califa al-Hakam II y nombró lugarteniente suyo a San Rosendo, que derrotó a los vikingos que desembarcaron en Galicia en 968.
  
  En 975 tuvo que levantarse el asedio al castillo de San Esteban de Gormaz ante la llegada de refuerzos sarracenos. La grave derrota que supuso la retirada de las tropas leonesas, castellanas y navarras provocó una crisis política en León que llevó a la infanta Elvira a abandonar la regencia y dejarla en manos de la madre del rey.4​
  
  En 976 murió al-Hákam II dejando como heredero del califato a Hisham II de tan sólo once años. De la mano del nuevo califa, llegó Almanzor, nombrado visir a los pocos días de la investidura de Hisham. Entre finales de la década de 970 y principios de la de 980, Almanzor lanzó la primera aceifa por tierras del reino de León. Zamora, Rueda, Atienza, Sepúlveda entre otras cayeron en manos del caudillo musulmán.
  
  La desafección de los nobles gallegos y portugueses hacia el rey de León, ya manifestada en tiempos de Sancho I, padre de Ramiro III, no menguó con la mayoría de edad de este. Un carácter difícil y las continuas derrotas sufridas de manos de los musulmanes no hicieron más que aumentar el desafecto. Finalmente, estos nobles, liderados por el conde Gonzalo Menéndez se rebelaron contra Ramiro III y proclamaron nuevo rey a Bermudo Ordóñez en el año 981.5​ Bermudo era hijo de Ordoño III de León y, por tanto, primo de Ramiro III. Entre la primavera y el verano de 982, los partidarios de Bermudo ya se habían hecho con el control de Galicia y el 15 de octubre (o el 13 de noviembre)6​ era coronado en Santiago de Compostela. El reino de León quedó dividido en dos: el territorio leonés propiamente dicho y Castilla se mantuvieron fieles a Ramiro III, mientras que Galicia y Portugal se pusieron del lado de Bermudo. A principios de 983 el ejército de Ramiro III se enfrentó al de Bermudo en Portilla o Portela de Arenas, cerca de Antas de Ulla, en tierras gallegas.7​ El resultado fue incierto. Bermudo permaneció en Galicia y Ramiro III volvió a León, centrándose en defender el reino de los ataques musulmanes. Como muy tarde en la primavera de 984, las tierras del Cea y del condado de Saldaña reconocen a Bermudo como su rey.8​ Aunque según el medievalista Justo Pérez de Urbel, García Fernández, conde de Castilla, se pasó al bando de Bermudo, el también medievalista Gonzalo Martínez Díez sostiene que Pérez de Urbel se basa en un documento apócrifo y que el conde castellano se mantuvo siempre fiel al rey Ramiro. La guerra entre ambos pretendientes no terminaría hasta que la muerte de Ramiro III en 985 dejara a Bermudo II como único soberano sobre todo el reino de León.
  
  Muerte y sepultura
  Falleció en Destriana, a unos 15 kilómetros sur de Astorga, el 26 de junio de 985 y recibió sepultura en el monasterio de San Miguel en la misma localidad.9​ Dos siglos más tarde, el rey Fernando II de León ordenó trasladar el cadáver de Ramiro III desde la iglesia de San Miguel de Destriana hasta la catedral de Astorga. En el siglo XVI se había perdido el rastro de su tumba, a pesar de que sospechaban que bien pudiera ser una de las dos que había en la capilla mayor y que se creía que contenían los restos de dos infantes.10​
  
  Durante el reinado de Alfonso V de León, los restos mortales del rey Ramiro III fueron trasladados a la iglesia de San Juan Bautista de León, que después pasó a llamarse basílica de San Isidoro de León, y fueron colocados en un rincón de una de las capillas del lado del Evangelio, donde también yacían los restos de otros reyes, como Alfonso IV de León, y no en el panteón de reyes de San Isidoro de León.11​
  
  Matrimonio
  Contrajo matrimonio antes del 18 de octubre de 980, cuando aparece por primera vez en un documento fechado regnante rege Ranemiro una cum uxore sua Sanctia regina, con Sancha Gómez, hija de Gómez Díaz, conde de Saldaña, y de su esposa Muniadona Fernández, hija del conde de Castilla Fernán González,12​ naciendo un hijo de este matrimonio:
  
  Ordoño Ramírez el Ciego, esposo de Cristina Bermúdez, hija de Bermudo II de León y la reina Velasquita Ramírez, matrimonio que da origen al más importante linaje de Asturias del siglo XI.
  ***************************************
  Rei das Astúrias, de Oviedo, da Galiza, de Leão e de Espanha.
  
  Ramiro III de Leão Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.
  Ramiro III de Leão Rei de Leão
  
  Representação de Ramiro III.Reinado 966-985 Dinastia
  Asturleonesa Nascimento 961 Morte 26 de junho de 985 (24 anos)
  
  Astorga Pai Sancho I de Leão, Mãe Teresa Ansúrez
  
  Ramiro III de Leão (961- Astorga, 26 de junho de 985), foi rei de Leão desde 966 até à sua morte. Filho e herdeiro de Sancho I de Leão, por ser menor aquando da morte de seu pai, foi confiado à tutela da sua tia Elvira, que conseguiu impor-se aos grandes do reino graças à ajuda do clero. Durante esse período, não obstante, os condados de Castela, Galiza e Portucale desfrutaram de uma quase independência, atuando nominalmente à margem da autoridade real.
  
  Os muçulmanos do califa de Córdova Aláqueme II, 2.º califa de Córdova, infligiram-lhe pesadas derrotas em Gormaz (975) e Rueda (981), o que levou os condes galego-portugueses a colocarem-se às ordens de Bermudo II de Leão, que se julga que fosse filho de Ordonho III; Ramiro foi vencido pelos apoiantes de Ordonho, cujas tropas entraram em Leão em 984; no ano seguinte morria Ramiro[1][2][3][4] [5].
  
  Relações familiares
  Foi filho do rei Sancho I de Leão, "o Grasso" ou "o Gordo" (?-966), rei de Leão e de Teresa Ansúrez (c. 943 - Oviedo, 25 de abril de 997), filha de Ansur Fernandez (943 - ?) Gontroda Nuñez. Casou antes de 18 de outubro de 980 com D. Sancha Gomes (? - 983), filha de Gomez Diaz de Saldanha[6][7]. (? - 987) e de Muniadona Fernández, de quem teve:
  
  Ordonho Ramirez "o Cego" (c. 981 - antes de 1024), casou-se cerca de 1010 com a infanta Cristina Bermudes, filha de Bermudo II de Leão e da sua primeira esposa a rainha Velasquita Ramires.
  https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramiro_III_de_Le%C3%A3o
  
  feito inicialmente por Última alteração: 21 de Março de 2021 por Homero Corrêa Pires Dornelles

• m. 18 de octubre de 0980

1. Ordoño Ramírez "el Ciego", b. aproximadamente 0981 in León, Castilla y León, España     d. 1024 in España

1. Title: Ramiro III de León's relationship to Lothar
   Author: Ramiro III de León's relationship to Lothar
   Publication: Name: https://www.relativefinder.org/#/relatives/individual/KH28-TN6/LWSN-C2S/32772/3200/KFK5-ZPW/21139/false/Male/Lothar%2520/Chlothar%2520I%2520/European%2520Royalty;
   
2. Title: Wikipedia (English) - Rey Ramiro III de León
   Author: Reinhart Dozy, Histoire des Musulmans d'espagne (1932).
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramiro_III_of_Le%C3%B3n;
   Note: Ramiro III (c. 961 – 26 June 985), king of León (966–984), was the son of Sancho the Fat and his successor at the age of only five.[1] Family During his minority, the regency was in the hands of two nuns: his aunt Elvira Ramírez, who took the title of queen during the minority, and then his mother Teresa Ansúrez, who had been put in a convent on her husband's death. As a consequence of this, his reign is known for its support of the clergy. Reign Among the acts of his regents during his minority was their ratification of a peace treaty with Caliph al-Hakam II; he also confronted Vikings who had invaded Galicia. With the conclusion of the peace treaty, the vizier Almanzor invaded his realm. Upon reaching his majority and after his wedding to Sancha (d. after 983), perhaps daughter of Gómez Díaz, Count of Saldaña, Ramiro tried to institute an absolutist monarchy which resulted in the alienation of the already separatist Galicia and Castile. This, together with the constant routs experienced at the hands of the Muslims, such as the Battle of Rueda, the Battle of Torrevicente and the worst, which took place at San Esteban de Gormaz under the regency of his aunt in 975, led the Galician nobility in 982 to proclaim Bermudo II, son of Ordoño III, king of Galicia. He lost his throne to Bermudo two years later, in 984. He had at least one child with his wife, Sancha Gómez, Ordoño Ramírez, who married Cristina Bermúdez, daughter of his rival.
   
3. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
   Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ASTURIAS,%20LEON.htm;
   Note: RAMIRO de León ([961]-León 984). One manuscript of the Crónica de Sampiro records that “Rex Sancius” married “Tarasiam” by whom he had “filium…Ranimirum”[485]. The Crónica de Sampiro, as reproduced in the Historia Silense, records that "filius eius Ramirus…annos quinque" succeeded on the death of King Sancho I in "era MV", under the regency of "amite sue domne Geluire"[486]. He succeeded his father in 966 as RAMIRO III King of León, under the regency of his aunt Elvira Ramírez[487]. “Giluira…prolis…regis…cum suprino meo…principe domno Ranemiro, soboli…Sanctionis” donated property to Celanova by charter dated 1 Jan 968, confirmed by “…Veremudus…princeps, prolis Ordonii regis…”[488]. “Ranemirus...rex...cum amita et nutrice mea Geloira deodicata...et genitrice Tarasia deouota” donated “de comitatu de Mera III, de Nallare IV...et Parriga media et IV de comitato Nemitos” to Sobrado by charter dated 17 Sep 968[489]. "Ranimiro rex et Gelbira reina domna" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 11 May 971"[490]. The kingdom of León was further weakened during his reign, with a drastic contraction of its frontiers as a result of Muslim advances. His rule was challenged by his cousin Vermudo, later King Vermudo II, which resulted in a bitter civil war in León lasting from 982 to 985[491]. He is referred to as "Ranimirus flavius princeps magnus basileus" in a donation to the monastery of Sahagún dated 1 May 974[492], although it is doubtful whether King Ramiro used such pretentious titles indicating that the document is probably spurious[493]. “Ranemirus rex...cum genitrice mea Tarasia regina et Christi ancilla” confirmed the donation of “Parriga media...Mera media, quarta in Nallare, quarta in Nemitos, media Marzola, Vendurio medio” to Sobrado by charter dated 18 Jul 978[494]. The Crónica de Sampiro, as reproduced in the Historia Silense, records that King Ramiro died at León after reigning for sixteen years[495]. The Chronicon Compostellani records that “Ranemirus filius eius [Sancii]” reigned 15 years[496]. m (before Jan 979) SANCHA [Urraca] ---, daughter of --- (-after 983, bur [Oviedo]) Pérez´s history of Sahagún monastery, published in 1782, quotes a document dated 980 in the monastery´s archives which names "Ranimirus Rex sedis Legionensem cum uxore sua Sanctia Regina"[497]. The Crónica de Sampiro (interpolated, España Sagrada edition) records that “Ranimirus Rex” married “Urraca” who was buried “Oveti”[498]. According to secondary sources, she was Sancha Gómez, daughter of Gómez Díaz Conde de Saldaña & his wife Muña Fernández. The primary source which confirms that this is correct has not yet been identified. King Ramiro III & his wife had [one child]: i) [ORDOÑO Ramírez ([980/84]-[1017/24]). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium records that "Infanta Cristina" married "the son of the Infante Ramiro, the Infante Ordoño, who was blind"[499]. It is uncertain how accurate this report can be. The Chronicon Mundi of Lucas Tudensis names "Adefonsum…Ordonium, Pelagiam comitissam et Eldonciam" as the children of "Christina…ex infante Ordonio cœco filio Ramiri regis"[500].]
   
4. Title: Wikipedia (Spanish): Ramiro III de León
   Author: https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramir_III https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramiro_III_of_Le%C3%B3n https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramiro_III_de_Le%C3%B3n https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramiro_III.a_Leongoa https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramire_III_de_Le%C3%B3n https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramiro_III https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramiro_III_de_Le%C3%A3o
   Publication: Name: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramiro_III_de_Le%C3%B3n;
   Note: ...translated from Spanish.... Ramiro III de León ( 961 - Destriana , June 26 , 985 ) was King of León between 966 and 985 . He succeeded his father Sancho I on the throne at the age of five. Upon his death, he was succeeded by his cousin Bermudo II, with whom he had been at war for the crown since 981. Biography After the murder of his father Sancho I de León 1 by certain Galician nobility - between November 15, 966, the date of his last diploma, and the first issued by Ramiro III in Sahagún on December 19 of the same year - 2 the regency of the kingdom was in the hands of two women: his aunt the princess and nun Elvira Ramírez who served as queen during the minority of the monarch, 3 1 and his mother queen Teresa Ansúrez , who after being widowed, she professed in the monastery of San Pelayo in Oviedo where she became abbess. As king, he ratified the peace treaty with the caliph al-Hakam II and named his lieutenant Saint Rosendo , who defeated the Vikings who landed in Galicia in 968. In 974, the monarch visited the monastery of Saints Justo and Pastor, in the town of La Rozuela and then four cheeses were spent. The document that accredits this anecdote, the Nodicia de kesos , is possibly considered as the first text in a Romance language clearly differentiated from Vulgar Latin in the peninsula, although since it does not have a syntax with sufficient body, it is not considered to replace the somewhat later emilianenses glosses as the first text in the Romance language known in Spain. In 975 the siege of the castle of San Esteban de Gormaz had to be lifted before the arrival of Saracen reinforcements. The serious defeat caused by the withdrawal of the Leonese, Castilian and Navarrese troops caused a political crisis in León that led the Infanta Elvira to abandon the regency and leave it in the hands of the King's mother. 4 In 976 al-Hakam II died, leaving Hisham II , who was only eleven years old, as heir to the caliphate . From the hand of the new caliph, Almanzor arrived , appointed vizier a few days after Hisham's investiture. Between the end of the 970s and the beginning of the 980s, Almanzor launched the first aceifa through lands of the kingdom of León. Zamora , Rueda , Atienza , Sepúlveda among others fell into the hands of the Muslim leader. The disaffection of the Galician and Portuguese nobles towards the King of León, already manifested in the time of Sancho I, father of Ramiro III, did not diminish with the latter's coming of age. A difficult character and the continuous defeats suffered at the hands of the Muslims only increased the disaffection. Finally, these nobles, led by Count Gonzalo Menéndez rebelled against Ramiro III and proclaimed Bermudo Ordóñez the new king in 981. 5 Bermudo was the son of Ordoño III of León and, therefore, Ramiro III's cousin. Between the spring and summer of 982, the Bermudo supporters had already taken control of Galicia and on October 15 (or November 13) 6 he was crowned inSantiago de Compostela . The kingdom of León was divided in two: the Leonese territory proper and Castile remained loyal to Ramiro III, while Galicia and Portugal sided with Bermudo. At the beginning of 983 the army of Ramiro III faced that of Bermudo in Portilla or Portela de Arenas, near Antas de Ulla , in Galician lands. 7 The result was uncertain. Bermudo remained in Galicia and Ramiro III returned to León, focusing on defending the kingdom from Muslim attacks. At the latest in the spring of 984, the lands of Cea and the county of Saldaña recognize Bermudo as their king. 8 Although according to the medievalist Justo Pérez de Urbel , García Fernández, Count of Castile, went to the Bermudo side, the also medievalist Gonzalo Martínez Díez maintains that Pérez de Urbel is based on an apocryphal document and that the Castilian count always remained faithful to King Ramiro. The war between the two suitors would not end until the death of Ramiro III in 985 left Bermudo II as the sole sovereign over the entire kingdom of León. Death and burial He died in Destriana , about 15 kilometers south of Astorga , on June 26, 985 8 and was buried in the monastery of San Miguel in the same town. 9 Two centuries later, King Fernando II of León ordered the transfer of the corpse of Ramiro III from the church of San Miguel de Destriana to the cathedral of Astorga . In the 16th century, the trace of his tomb had been lost, although they suspected that it could well be one of the two in the main chapel and that it was believed that they contained the remains of two infants. 10 During the reign of Alfonso V de León, the mortal remains of King Ramiro III were transferred to the church of San Juan Bautista de León, which was later renamed the Basilica of San Isidoro de León , and were placed in a corner of one of the chapels on the Gospel side, where the remains of other kings, such as Alfonso IV de León , also lay , and not in the pantheon of kings of San Isidoro de León . 11 Marriage He contracted marriage before October 18, 980 , when it appears for the first time in a document dated regnante rege Ranemiro una cum uxore sua Sanctia regina , with Sancha Gómez , daughter of Gómez Díaz , count of Saldaña , and of his wife Muniadona Fernández , daughter of the Count of Castilla Fernán González , 12 being born a son of this marriage: Ordoño Ramírez el Ciego , husband of Cristina Bermúdez , daughter of Bermudo II de León and Queen Velasquita Ramírez , a marriage that gives rise to the most important lineage of Asturias in the 11th century.
   Page: historical data