William Gascoigne III

• Preferred Name: William Gascoigne III^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Sir
  
• Death: ABT 1465 in Yorkshire, England with note: Date of death and place is not known exactly.
  
• Sheriff+of+Yorkshire: with note: Description: in 1441 and 1442
  
• FSID: M777-CQH
  
• Knight+of+the+Shire+: BET 1431 AND 1453 with note: Description: This means he was called to represent Yorkshire in Parliament three times: 1431, 1435, and 1453
  
• Birth: ABT 1405 in Gawthorpe, Yorkshire, England at LATI: N3.6453 LONG: E1.7162 with note: He was 18 and more in 1422 when his father died.
  
• Burial: ABT 1466 in All Saints Church, Harewood, Yorkshire, England at LATI: N3.9 LONG: E1.5 with note: The remains of his monument is at All Saints' Church next to his wife
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  William Gascoigne III was still a minor when his father died in 1422. At his father’s IPM taken at Pontefract on 14 April 1423 testimony given says that at the time he was “aged 18 years and more.” This means he was born c 1405. He inherited substantial property which at the time was ‘encumbered by his mother’s jointure and his step-grandmother’s dower.”[1] After they died the whole estate plus Wyman family property in York passed to William.[2]
  
  “In February 1426, he married the widow, Margaret Clarell.”[3] There is some evidence that his mother did not approve of the marriage as members of the Gascoigne family did not attend the wedding. But it can also be that Margaret was of relatively lowly status or that they were married “. . . in secret in an un-consecrated place. It was conducted by Margaret’s kinsman Thomas Clarell who was excommunicated for his part in the ceremony, as was Margaret’s father, another Thomas, and John Mauleverer, a witness and close associate of William II.” [4]
  
  William was knighted in 1429. He served on various commissions in Yorkshire between 1431 and 1438. He was Sheriff of Yorkshire in 1441 and 1442 and served as Knight of the Shire three times (in 1431 1435, and 1453).[5]
  
  He managed to maintain equilibrium during the War of the Roses by “balancing his connections with the houses of Percy and Neville. As head of the family, he remained aloof, but his brothers-in-law, Sir Thomas Langton, Sir William Ryther (d. 1475), and Sir John Savile, his son William IV7, and his sons-in-laws, Sir Henry Vavasour (d. 1460), Sir Hugh Hastings (d. 1489), and Sir William Scargill could take sides, and did.”[6]
  
  The later part of William’s life is obscure. The latest research estimates he died between 1462-1465. He is buried at Harewood in All Saints’ Church with his wife Margaret.[7]
  
  William and Margaret has at least seven children: William IV (d. 1464), Robert, John, Ralph (d. 1488), Joan, Anne, and Margaret.
  
  [1] His mother was Joan Wyman, daughter of Henry Wyman and Agnes Barden. His step-grandmother was Joan Pickering, second wife of William, Lord Chief Justice.
  
  [2] Bovis, Christopher Matthew, The Gascoigne Family, c. 1309-1592: Gentry and Identity, PhD thesis, University of York Centre for Medieval Studies, January 2017, p 59
  
  [3] Ibid.
  
  [4] Payling, Simon J., “Sir William Gascoigne”, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons, ed. L. Clark (forthcoming, c. 2017)
  
  [5] Bovis, p. 60. A Knight of the Shire was the counties representative in Parliament
  
  [6] Bovis, p. 60, footnote “See later chapters for an in-depth discussion of the Gascoigne Family and the effect the Wars of the Roses had on the family, 137-175.”
  
  [7] Bramley, Peter, A Companion to Wars of the Roses, The History Press, 2011, unnumbered page under heading 'HAREWOOD, All Saints' Church'

• m. 7 FEB 1426 in Gawthorpe Hall, West Riding, Yorkshire, England
• m. BEF 7 FEB 1426 in Gawthorpe Hall, West Riding, Yorkshire, England

1. Title: Sir William (William X) Gascoigne
   Publication: Name: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gascoigne-439;
   
2. Title: Inquisition Post Mortem (IPM) for William Gascoigne II, knight
   Author: King's College London, 2014. | Mapping the Medieval Countryside [online]. Available at http://www.inquisitionspostmortem.ac.uk/view/inquisition/22-193/ [Accessed: 20/1/2020]
   Publication: Name: http://www.inquisitionspostmortem.ac.uk/view/inquisition/22-193/;
   Note: WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, KNIGHT 193 Writ. ‡ 26 November 1422. [Wymbyssh] Regarding lands held of ‪Henry V‬ . YORKSHIRE. Inquisition. Pontefract. 14 April 1423. [Wentworth] Jurors: Robert Rawedon ; James Evyr ; John Ottir ; Thomas Craven ; John Brerehawe ; Thomas Sayntpoule ; William Sayntpoule of Byram ; Edmund Byrkyn ; William Lopton ; William Horseman ; Roger Burgeys ; John Bynglay ; Robert Dryffeld ; Robert Hankok ; and John Rysheworth . Long before his death, namely on 19 May 1421, he granted to Henry del Chaumber, John Mauleverer, William Scott and William Clerk, citizen of York, all his manors, lands and tenements, rents and services which he had in the county, described as his manors of Thorp Arch, Shipley, Cottingley and Burghwallis, and all other lands, tenements, rents and services which he had in the county, as is clear more fully in his charter to them and shown to the jurors. By their charter dated 6 August 1421, Henry, John, William Scott and William Clerk regranted the manors of Thorp Arch, Shipley and Cottingley to William Gascoigne and Joan his wife, who survives, and the heirs of his body, as is clear more fully in their charter to William and Joan and shown to the jurors. William held these manors jointly with Joan his wife according only to the manner and form above. Thorp Arch, the manor, held of John Earl Marshal and earl of Nottingham , service unknown, annual value £16. Shipley, the manor, held of the prior and convent of the hospital of St John of Jerusalem in England, service unknown, annual value £10. Cottingley, the manor, held of Thomas de Asteley, knight , service unknown, annual value 10 marks. He died on 28 March 1422 [however, his will was proved in January of that year, so this date may be the report of his death rather than the actual date of death--NDW]. William Gascoigne is his son and next heir, aged 18 years and more. C 139/7/56 mm.1–2
   
3. Title: William Gascoigne and Wars of the Roses
   Author: A Companion to Wars of the Roses by Peter Bramley, unnumbered page under heading "HAREWOOD, All Saint's Church"
   Publication: Name: https://books.google.com/books?id=PwoTDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT325&lpg=PT325&dq=burial+of+william+gascoigne+died+1465&source=bl&ots=Z0340UrC_F&sig=ACfU3U1X73xMe1TOQ6d5ekB32RrWjrxp0w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj81eKX0M_yAhUQHs0KHZwKC7sQ6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage&q=burial%20of%20william%20gascoigne%20died%201465&f=false;
   
4. Title: The Gascoigne Family 1309 to 1592
   Author: Ethesis: The Gascoigne Family, c. 1309-1592: Gentry and Identity, Christopher Matthew Bovis, academic peer review has to be derived from this resources.
   Publication: Name: http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20459/1/C.%20Bovis%2C%20The%20Gascoigne%20Family%20%28PhD%2C%202017%29.pdf;
   Page: page 59 confirms marriage to Margaret Clarell in February 1426.