Baudouin of Boulogne King of Jerusalem I

• Preferred Name: Baudouin of Boulogne King of Jerusalem I^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• Burial: 7 APR 1118 in Jerusalem, Israel at LATI: N1.7804 LONG: E5.2177
  
• Tribe Name: with note: Description: House of Boulogne
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Count of Edessa in Edessa, Şanlıurfa, Turkey at LATI: N7.1333 LONG: E8.7667
  
• Birth: ABT 1065 in Boulogne-sur-Mer, Pas-de-Calais, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France at LATI: N0.7264 LONG: E0.6147 with note: He was the third son
  
• Investiture: 10 MAR 1098 in Edessa, Armenia with note: Description: Count of Edessa
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: King of JerusalemBET 18 JUL 1100 AND 2 APR 1118
  
• FSID: GJ82-D6M
  
• Death: 2 APR 1118 in Arish, Egypt at LATI: N7 LONG: E0
  
• Acceded: 25 DEC 1100 in Bethlehem, Palestine at LATI: N1.7059 LONG: E5.2034 with note: Description: throne of Jerusalem
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Wikipedia
  
  Baldwin I[a] also known as Baldwin of Boulogne (1060s – 2 April 1118), was the first count of Edessa from 1098 to 1100, and king of Jerusalem from 1100 to his death. Being the youngest son of Eustace II, Count of Boulogne, and Ida of Lorraine, he was destined for a church career, but he abandoned it and married a Norman noblewoman, Godehilde of Tosny. He received the County of Verdun in 1096, but he soon joined the crusader army of his brother Godfrey of Bouillon and became one of the most successful commanders of the First Crusade....
  
  First Crusade
  
  ....Pope Urban II proclaimed the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont on 27 November 1095.[19][20] Godfrey of Bouillon decided to join the military campaign and sold or mortgaged his inherited domains to raise funds.[21][22] One of his domains, the County of Verdun, was seized by Richer, Bishop of Verdun, who soon granted it to Baldwin.[23] The dissolution of Godfrey's allodial lands deprived all future dukes of the basis of their authority in Lower Lotharingia, which facilitated Baldwin's decision to take the Cross.[23][24] Eustace III of Boulogne also joined the crusade.[17] According to a letter from Pope Urban, only the army that Peter the Hermit had mustered for the People's Crusade outnumbered the three brothers' force.[25]
  
  Baldwin departed for the crusade with Godfrey's army on 15 August 1096.[19] His wife and children accompanied him, suggesting that he had decided not to return to his homeland.[26][24] The crusaders stopped at Tulln an der Donau before reaching the frontier of Hungary in September.[27][28] Godfrey left Baldwin in charge of his troops during his conference with Coloman of Hungary, to discuss the conditions of the crusaders' march across the country.[27] He agreed to hand over Baldwin, along with Baldwin's wife and retainers, as hostages, to ensure their troops' good conduct.[29][30][31] Baldwin and Godehilde were released soon after the crusaders left Hungary. They entered the Byzantine Empire near Belgrade in late November.[32][33]
  
  The crusaders reached Constantinople on 23 December 1096.[34][35] The Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos demanded an oath of allegiance from their leaders and imposed a blockade on their camp to enforce it.[36] Baldwin made raids against the districts outside the walls of Constantinople, compelling Alexios to lift the blockade.[35][36] The Emperor also agreed to hand over his son and heir, John II Comnenus, as a hostage,[35] who was entrusted to Baldwin's care.[37].....
  
  Family
  
  Baldwin's wife Godehilde, the daughter of Raoul II of Tosny and Isabella of Montfort-l'Amaury,[240] died during the First Crusade around 15 October 1097.[240] Historian Malcolm Barber argues that her death "may have been the decisive event that persuaded" Baldwin "to seek out a lordship in the East".[241] According to the historians Steven Runciman and Christopher MacEvitt, Baldwin and Godehilde had children who did not long survive her,[63][66] but historian Alan V. Murray emphasises that no primary source states that Baldwin fathered children.[240] According to Murray, Runciman was wrong when he translated William of Tyre's words about Baldwin's "familia" as a reference to his family, because William of Tyre was referring to Baldwin's household.[240]
  
  Uncertainty surrounds the name and family of his second wife, whom he married in the summer of 1098.[242][97] Modern historians call her Arda and associate her father with Tathoul of Marash.[97][243] Her father promised a dowry of 60,000 bezants and also pledged that she would inherit his lands, but he actually paid off only 7,000 bezants to Baldwin.[97][244] The marriage was childless.[245] Baldwin banished her to the convent of St Anne in Jerusalem before 1109, but she was soon allowed to move to Constantinople.[97][246] Although they were separated, the marriage was never annulled.[97]
  
  Baldwin's third wife, Adelaide, was the wealthy widow of Roger I of Sicily.[247] Her first husband died in 1102 and she acted as regent for their minor sons until the end of 1111.[248] She was more than forty years old when the marriage was proposed in 1112.[247] According to William of Tyre, Baldwin wanted to marry her because he had learnt of her wealth, and even agreed to make her son, Roger II of Sicily, his heir in Jerusalem.[247] She landed at Palestine in August 1113, accompanied by hundreds of soldiers and bringing her rich dowry.[249] Their marriage was bigamous, because Baldwin's second wife was still alive.[222][250] After recovering from a serious illness in late 1116, Baldwin accepted clerical advice and sent an indignant Adelaide home.[216][222] She sailed for Sicily on 25 April 1117.[222] Her humiliation outraged Roger II so much that he denied all support to the Kingdom of Jerusalem during his lifetime.[222]
  
  Summarising Baldwin's marriages, historian Jonathan Phillips concludes that Baldwin "regarded women as useful sources of financial and political advancement but little else".[250] Decades after Baldwin's death, William of Tyre wrote that Baldwin was "said to have struggled with weakness of the flesh", but only a few of his "body-servants" were aware of this.[251] Historians Hans Eberhard Mayer, Christopher Tyerman and Malcolm Barber agree that William of Tyre most probably referred to Baldwin's homosexuality.[251][247][231] Tyerman adds that a converted Muslim was one of Baldwin's lovers, but he betrayed Baldwin during the siege of Sidon.[231] He proposed that the defenders of the town kill the king, but Baldwin was warned in advance.[252] On the other hand, Susan B. Edgington states that there is "little evidence to support" the theories about Baldwin's homosexuality, emphasizing that his contemporaries made no reference to it.[251]
  
  === ! ! BAPTIZED; ENDOWED; SEALED TO PARENTS ===
  ! ! BAPTIZED; ENDOWED; SEALED TO PARENTS: IGI 1994 Edition, film # 1903897. ! RELATIONSHIP: Patron, H. Reed Black, is 25th G G Nephew.
  
  === [[Category:First Crusade]] ===
  [[Category:First Crusade]]
  {{Euro Aristo 742-1499}}
  == Sources ==
  * Ancestry.com family trees
  
  == Acknowledgements ==This page has been edited according to [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Acknowledgements Style Standards] adopted January 2014. Descriptions ofimported gedcoms for this profile are under the Changes tab.

• m. 1113 (bigamous)

1. Title: Templars
   Author: Piers Paul Read, The Templars, Da Capo Press, 2001, Page 77.
   
2. Title: History of the Crusades Volume II
   Author: Runciman, A History of the Crusades Volume II, The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East 1100-1187 , Cambridge University Press, 1951, Page 103.
   
3. Title: History of the Crusades Volume I
   Author: Runciman, A History of the Crusades, Volume I: The First Crusade and the Foundation of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Cambridge University Press, 1987, page 146.
   
4. Title: Oxford Encyclopedia of World History
   Author: Oxford Encyclopedia of World History, Oxford University Press, 1998, Page 59.
   
5. Title: Short History of Byzantium
   Author: John Julius Norwich, A Short History of Byzantium, Vintage Books, 1999, Page 257.
   
6. Title: Oxford History of Medieval Europe
   Author: Holmes, Oxford History of Medieval Europe, 1992, 2001, Page 205.
   
7. Title: Wikipedia-Baldwin I de Boulogne, King of Jerusalem
   Author: Primary sources Albert of Aachen: Historia Ierosolimitana—History of the Journey to Jerusalem (Edited and translated by Susan B. Edgington) (2007). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-920486-1. Anna Comnena: The Alexiad (Translated by E. R. A. Sewter) (1969). Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-044958-7. (registration required) Secondary sources Asbridge, Thomas (2004). The First Crusade: A New History: The Roots of Conflict between Christianity and Islam. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-517823-4. (registration required) Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Edgington, Susan B. (2019). Baldwin I of Jerusalem, 1100-1118. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-4724-3356-5.
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baldwin_I_of_Jerusalem;
   Note: Baldwin I[a] also known as Baldwin of Boulogne (1060s – 2 April 1118), was the first count of Edessa from 1098 to 1100, and king of Jerusalem from 1100 to his death. Being the youngest son of Eustace II, Count of Boulogne, and Ida of Lorraine, he was destined for a church career, but he abandoned it and married a Norman noblewoman, Godehilde of Tosny. He received the County of Verdun in 1096, but he soon joined the crusader army of his brother Godfrey of Bouillon and became one of the most successful commanders of the First Crusade.... First Crusade ....Pope Urban II proclaimed the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont on 27 November 1095.[19][20] Godfrey of Bouillon decided to join the military campaign and sold or mortgaged his inherited domains to raise funds.[21][22] One of his domains, the County of Verdun, was seized by Richer, Bishop of Verdun, who soon granted it to Baldwin.[23] The dissolution of Godfrey's allodial lands deprived all future dukes of the basis of their authority in Lower Lotharingia, which facilitated Baldwin's decision to take the Cross.[23][24] Eustace III of Boulogne also joined the crusade.[17] According to a letter from Pope Urban, only the army that Peter the Hermit had mustered for the People's Crusade outnumbered the three brothers' force.[25] Baldwin departed for the crusade with Godfrey's army on 15 August 1096.[19] His wife and children accompanied him, suggesting that he had decided not to return to his homeland.[26][24] The crusaders stopped at Tulln an der Donau before reaching the frontier of Hungary in September.[27][28] Godfrey left Baldwin in charge of his troops during his conference with Coloman of Hungary, to discuss the conditions of the crusaders' march across the country.[27] He agreed to hand over Baldwin, along with Baldwin's wife and retainers, as hostages, to ensure their troops' good conduct.[29][30][31] Baldwin and Godehilde were released soon after the crusaders left Hungary. They entered the Byzantine Empire near Belgrade in late November.[32][33] The crusaders reached Constantinople on 23 December 1096.[34][35] The Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos demanded an oath of allegiance from their leaders and imposed a blockade on their camp to enforce it.[36] Baldwin made raids against the districts outside the walls of Constantinople, compelling Alexios to lift the blockade.[35][36] The Emperor also agreed to hand over his son and heir, John II Comnenus, as a hostage,[35] who was entrusted to Baldwin's care.[37]..... Family Baldwin's wife Godehilde, the daughter of Raoul II of Tosny and Isabella of Montfort-l'Amaury,[240] died during the First Crusade around 15 October 1097.[240] Historian Malcolm Barber argues that her death "may have been the decisive event that persuaded" Baldwin "to seek out a lordship in the East".[241] According to the historians Steven Runciman and Christopher MacEvitt, Baldwin and Godehilde had children who did not long survive her,[63][66] but historian Alan V. Murray emphasises that no primary source states that Baldwin fathered children.[240] According to Murray, Runciman was wrong when he translated William of Tyre's words about Baldwin's "familia" as a reference to his family, because William of Tyre was referring to Baldwin's household.[240] Uncertainty surrounds the name and family of his second wife, whom he married in the summer of 1098.[242][97] Modern historians call her Arda and associate her father with Tathoul of Marash.[97][243] Her father promised a dowry of 60,000 bezants and also pledged that she would inherit his lands, but he actually paid off only 7,000 bezants to Baldwin.[97][244] The marriage was childless.[245] Baldwin banished her to the convent of St Anne in Jerusalem before 1109, but she was soon allowed to move to Constantinople.[97][246] Although they were separated, the marriage was never annulled.[97] Baldwin's third wife, Adelaide, was the wealthy widow of Roger I of Sicily.[247] Her first husband died in 1102 and she acted as regent for their minor sons until the end of 1111.[248] She was more than forty years old when the marriage was proposed in 1112.[247] According to William of Tyre, Baldwin wanted to marry her because he had learnt of her wealth, and even agreed to make her son, Roger II of Sicily, his heir in Jerusalem.[247] She landed at Palestine in August 1113, accompanied by hundreds of soldiers and bringing her rich dowry.[249] Their marriage was bigamous, because Baldwin's second wife was still alive.[222][250] After recovering from a serious illness in late 1116, Baldwin accepted clerical advice and sent an indignant Adelaide home.[216][222] She sailed for Sicily on 25 April 1117.[222] Her humiliation outraged Roger II so much that he denied all support to the Kingdom of Jerusalem during his lifetime.[222] Summarising Baldwin's marriages, historian Jonathan Phillips concludes that Baldwin "regarded women as useful sources of financial and political advancement but little else".[250] Decades after Baldwin's death, William of Tyre wrote that Baldwin was "said to have struggled with weakness of the flesh", but only a few of his "body-servants" were aware of this.[251] Historians Hans Eberhard Mayer, Christopher Tyerman and Malcolm Barber agree that William of Tyre most probably referred to Baldwin's homosexuality.[251][247][231] Tyerman adds that a converted Muslim was one of Baldwin's lovers, but he betrayed Baldwin during the siege of Sidon.[231] He proposed that the defenders of the town kill the king, but Baldwin was warned in advance.[252] On the other hand, Susan B. Edgington states that there is "little evidence to support" the theories about Baldwin's homosexuality, emphasizing that his contemporaries made no reference to it.[251]
   Page: Correct person
   
8. Title: Oxford Encyclopedia of World History
   Author: Oxford Encyclopedia of World History, Oxford University Press, 1998, Page 59.
   
9. Title: North Carolina, County Marriages, 1762-1979 ; https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9KC-T5LK?cc=1726957&wc=QD8P-6N5%3A1588773019%2C1588773996
   Author: "North Carolina, County Marriages, 1762-1979 ," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9KC-T5LK?cc=1726957&wc=QD8P-6N5%3A1588773019%2C1588773996 : 19 July 2016), Forsyth > Marriage licenses, 1923-1923 > image 1 of 1233; North Carolina State Archives Division of Archives and History.
   Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9KC-T5LK;