Yaish Ibn Yahya

• Preferred Name: Yaish Ibn Yahya
  
• Gender: M
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Lord of Unhos Freitas Aldeia dos Negros - by King Afonso I of Portugal
  
• Death: 1196 with note: GEDCOM data
  
• Occupation: advisor to king Afonso I of Portugal.
  
• MilitaryService: military leader for an Andalusian Muslim leader in Morocco at LATI: N2 LONG: E6
  
• Religion: Charlap - 2nd in the Exile in Portugal
  
• Birth: 1120 in Maia, Porto, Portugal at LATI: N1.2278 LONG: E8.6208 with note: GEDCOM data
  
• MilitaryService: military leader for king Afonso I of Portugal
  
• FSID: LT84-2GS
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Yaish Ibn Yahya (born c. 1120 or 1130, died 1196). Son of Hiyya al-Daudi and the father of Yahia Ben Rabbi. Resident of Lisbon, Portugal; scholar, politician, vast land holdings; advisor to king Afonso I of Portugal.
  Yaish ibn Yahya, was a military leader for an Andalusian Muslim leader in Morocco, then for king Afonso I of Portugal, who made him Lord of Unhos Freitas Aldeia dos Negros: Yachya ibn Yachya.
  
  Before 1147, there were several settlements between Leiria and Lisbon. Where Yaish lived, in Lisbon, was a large nucleus of Jews, with synagogues and infrastructure to support Jewish life. Dom Afonso I appointed Yaish, who was Jewish, as steward and knight-mor (of the Order of Saint James of the Sword), was rewarded for services rendered in the fight against the Moors, and granted the Village of Blacks. (A dos Negros); this donation refers to the taking of Óbidos (near Aldeia dos Negros) in 1148. In the Register of Population of the Kingdom, made by King João III of Portugal, in 1527, the Village of Blacks had about 90 inhabitants).After claiming his land, Yaish Flourished and died about 1150. In honor of his reward, and in reference to the Moors Yaish and his descents bore the additional cognomen, "Negro".
  
  The Synagogue of Óbidos is located in the old Jewish Quarter and dates to the 7th-century C.E where a Jewish community was re-established after the Visigoths seized the village in the 5th century. Óbidos was taken in 1148, by the Jewish vizier, Yaish ibn Yahya; in return for its liberation King Afonso Henriques I rewarded Yaish ibn Yahya with a nearby town and anointed him "Lord of Unhos, Frielas and Aldeia dos Negros".
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaish_Ibn_Yahya
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  Yaish Ibn Yahya (nascido em 1120 ou 1130, falecido em 1196). Filho de Hiyya al-Daudi e pai de Yahia Ben Rabbi . [1] [2] Residente em Lisboa , Portugal ; estudioso, político, vastas propriedades de terra; conselheiro do rei Afonso I de Portugal .
  
  Yaish ibn Yachya, foi um líder militar de um líder muçulmano andaluz em Marrocos, depois do rei Afonso I de Portugal , que o fez Senhor de Unhos Freitas Aldeia dos Negros: Yachya ibn Yachya.
  
  Antes de 1147, existiam várias povoações entre Leiria e Lisboa. Onde morava Yaish, em Lisboa, havia um grande núcleo de judeus, com sinagogas e infraestrutura de suporte à vida judaica. Dom Afonso I nomeou Yaisch, que era judeu, mordomo e cavaleiro-mor (da Ordem de São Tiago da Espada ), foi recompensado pelos serviços prestados na luta contra os mouros, e concedeu a Aldeia dos Negros. (A dos Negros); esta doação refere-se à tomada de Óbidos (perto da Aldeia dos Negros) em 1148. No Registo de População do Reino, feito por D. João III de Portugal , em 1527, a Vila dos Pretos tinha cerca de 90 habitantes).
  
  A Sinagoga de Óbidos está localizada no antigo Bairro Judeu e data do século VII dC, onde uma comunidade judaica foi restabelecida após os visigodos se apoderarem da aldeia no século V. Óbidos foi tomada em 1148, pelo vizir judeu Yaish ibn Yahya; em troca da sua libertação, o Rei Afonso Henriques recompensei Yaish ibn Yahya com uma vila próxima e ungi-o "Senhor de Unhos, Frielas e Aldeia dos Negros".
  
  === Biography ===
  Hiyya ibn Yaish, father of Yehudah Ya'ish ben Yahuda, married into the Sisnandiz Family of Coimbra. Sisnando had an illustrious military career. Upon his capture by al-Muqtadid, he quickly proved his bravery and talent and was elevated to leading an army against the Christians. The Muslims were victorious under his command. At first Sisnando worked as a go-between for Abaddid Emir al-Muqtadid and King Fernando I, but Sisnando became afraid of al-Muqtadid and switched loyalties to Fernando and the Christians. After his defection, Sisnando served the kings of Leon as a mediator between other Muslim (taifa) kings. Even though he had been responsible for defeating the christians previously, on transferring his loyalties Sisnando was accepted and given the honour due to one of his fame and achievements in battle. He quickly rose in Christian circles, and it was he who suggested to Fernando that he should invade Lusitania, the land north of the rivers Mondego and Alba where there still remained a reasonable number of Christian residents. As a result of Sisnando’s advice, Fernando was victorious in and around Coimbra and took all the land to the north of the rivers about 1058.
  
  Sisnando forced the Muslims to leave and allowed the Christians to stay. As a reward King Fernando I made Sisnando governor of the newly reconquered country, and gave him land nearby, his jurisdiction extending from the Duero to the Mondego. Although the date of the capture of Coimbra is disputed by some sources, Sisnando was undoubtedly with Fernando before it fell. The success of the reconquest was due mainly to the co-operation of the Christians living in the area and Sisnando’s services. When Fernando died in 1065, his sons and successors kept Count Sisnando as the governor of Coimbra and he, in his turn, served them loyally until his death.
  
  Hiyya spent the first 25 years of his life in Toledo - at the same time as Yosef ibn Migash was operating a Beit Midrash in Toledo. Lucena had been lost to Berbers, and this forced Rimigash to migrate to Toledo. Abraham ibn Daud was a student of Baruch ibn Isaac al-Balia while I speculate that Hiyya was a student of Rimigash. The mindset, psychology, and geography are changed in this generation. Hiyya Travels to Portugal with his father and so begins a new family venue in which to thrive.
  
  According to Pinsker (sec. 1, p. 5), Yaḥyā is the usual Arabic praenomen equivalent of Judah, whereas ibn Zakarīyā’ represents a not infrequently attested scribal confusion of bin/ibn for Abū, the latter (i.e., Abū Zakarīyā’) being in fact the usual kunya for Judah (see Judah b. Joseph of Qayrawān).
  
  Pinsker, Simcha. Liqquṭe Qadmoniyot (Zur Geschichte des Karaismus und der karäischen Literatur), Vienna, 1860.
  
  Reference: "Divrei ha-Yamim le-Bnei Yahya,( דברי הימים לבני יחייא )", by Eliakim Carmoly, Printed in Frankfort am Main/Rodelheim, Published by: Isak Kaufman, 1850. Genealogy of, and biographical work on, the Yahya family by Eliakim Carmoly. There is an introduction from Carmoly, in which he informs that the Yahya family is one of distinction from the time of Maimonides. Originally achieving greatness in Portugal and Spain, they after settled in Italy and Turkey. The text is preceded by a chart of the family, beginning with the Nasi, Don Yahya, and concluding with Don Gedalia. The text, in seven chapters, is set in a single column, primarily in rabbinic type although there are instances of vocalized square letters, and is accompanied by extensive footnotes. The final page is an announcement of the forthcoming publication of seven minor Yerushalmi tractates by Carmoli. The text of this book was compared to the "bin Yahya Family Tapestry", currently stored in the antiquity archives of Jewish Theological Seminary in New York City, by Abraham Greenstein - grandson of Abraham Gindi HaKohen. The text matches the Tapestry.
  
  We know of the exploits of Ya'ish ibn Yahya as a result of four (4) texts:
  
  De expugnatione Scalabis" (em português: The Capture of Santarem - written between the end of the 12th century and the beginning of the 13th century, by a monk of the Monastery of Santa Cruz of Coimbra.) The text can be found here: http://www.univ-ab.pt/bad/20/62.html
  De expugnatione Lyxbonensi (em português: The capture of Lisbon - written by a crusader who participated in the siege and conquest of Lisbon in 1147 during the Second Crusade . ) The manuscript of the Latin letter is preserved today in Corpus Christi College of Cambridge University in England.
  Divrei ha-Yamim le-Bnei Yahya (( דברי הימים לבני יחייא )", by Eliakim Carmoly, Printed in Frankfort am Main/Rodelheim, Published by: Isak Kaufman, 1850)
  The Livro de Linhagens do Conde D. Pedro (Lineage Book of Count Pedro) is a compilation of lineage data from the previous Livros de Linhagens , and a revised version of the Navarrese Liber regum and the lost Crónica Portuguesa de Espanha e Portugal . These sources are a mixture of family memories and fiction (mythical, legendary, traditional and epic materials). The text begins with a survey of the major lineages of the world, from Adam on, where the allusions to Arthurian legends (via Geoffrey of Monmouth) are particularly noteworthy. The main Portuguese families are set in their Iberian context and the narrative is enriched by several appealing family myths, such as the origin narratives of Dama Pé de Cabra (the Goat Foot Lady) and Dona Marinha (the Sea Lady), as well as examples of shrewdness (adventures of King Ramiro while trying to rescue his wife from Muslim captivity) and heroic exploits, such as the feats of Rodrigo Forjaz, vassal of King Garcia of Galicia, against the Cid. This Lineage Book also conveys the epic deeds of the first Portuguese king, Afonso Henriques and of his preceptor, here named Soeiro Mendes, as well as other local heroes such as Gonçalo Mendes da Maia and battles such as Salado. The book exists only in a version of 228 fols. which incorporates two revisions. It was first compiled in 1340-4 and reworked in 1360-5 and 1380-3, this last time to praise the Pereira family. This work was very popular in the Iberian Peninsula, with over 60 manuscripts in Portuguese and Castilian translations still extant. The Portuguese manuscripts date mainly from the 16th and 17th century. The two oldest manuscripts have illuminations: A1 is known as Nobiliário da Ajuda or Nobiliário do Colégio dos Nobres:Lisbon, Biblioteca da Ajuda, Códice reservado. It dates from the end of the 14th century and might have been a work text used by the reviser of 1380-3. T1 is known as Nobiliário da Torre do Tombo: Lisbon, Torre do Tombo, 1764, late 15th or early 16th century.
  Lord of Aldeia dos Negros -- 1st Chief Rabbi of Portugal.
  
  Before that he was a military leader known as Mohammed and, when necessary in Christian lands "Mem Ramires" [in latin his name was "menendo ramiride" a/k/a "Menendes Ramires" in Portuguese]. see "De expugnatione Scalabis" (em português: Da conquista de Santarém') The text was written between the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth century, by a monk of the Monastery of Santa Cruz of Coimbra.
  
  It is from "Menendo Ramiride" that the "House of Mendes" originates...Mendes is a contraction of latin "Menendo" into Portuguese "Menendes"...then Mendes.
  
  The manuscript is titled " sit quomodo captures sanctaren civitas governs alfonso comitis Henrici Filio "(in Portuguese," How was captured the city of Santarem by King Alfonso, son of Count Henry "). After a short prologue there are two parts narrated as having been written in first person by the king himself, with the subtitle " Ab Hinc rex "(" Tell the King ") and" Oration milites recorded ad "(" King's Speech to the military " .)
  
  The name " De expugnatione Scalabis , "for which the manuscript is now known, was assigned by Alexandre Herculaneum , which has included in his collection of medieval Portuguese texts " Portugaliae Monumenta Historica, scripters "(see I), published in 1854 .
  
  ibn Yachya, was a military leader for an Andalusian Muslim leader in Morocco, then for Alfonso 1st King of Portugal, who made him Lord of Unhos Freitas Aldeia dos Negros: Don Yachya ibn Yachya.
  
  Before 1147 , there were several settlements between Leiria and Lisbon. Where Yaish lived, in Lisbon, was a large nucleus of Jews , with synagogues and infrastructure to support Jewish life. Dom Afonso Henriques appointed Yaisch as steward and knight-mor (of the Spanish Order of Santiago [St James]) , was rewarded for services rendered in the fight against the Moors , and granted the Village of Blacks. (A dos Negros); this donation refers to the taking of Obidos (near Aldeia dos Negros) in 1148. In the Register of Population of the Kingdom, made by King Juan III, in 1527 , the Village of Blacks had about 90 inhabitants).
  
  The Synagogue of Obidos is located in the old Jewish Quarter and dates to the 7th Century C.E where a Jewish community was re-established after the Visigoths seized the village in 5th Century C.E.. Obidos was liberated in 1148, by the Jewish vizier, Yaish ibn Yahya; in return for its liberation King Afonso Henriques I rewarded Yaish ibn Yahya with a nearby town and annointed him "Lord of Unhos, Frielas and Aldeia dos Negros". The synagogue of Obidos is not generally referenced in history books as the oldest known Synagogue in Europe - but it is...by many centuries...
  
  Being Jewish Yaish ibn Yahya, refused to wear the symbol of the cross, wear wear a white tunic, or shiny armor, he nontheless patina'd his armor black, wore a black tunic - hence the nickname “el Negro” - whether this is the origin of lore concerning “The Black Knight” is open to speculation. Regardless, “The Village of Blacks” therefore, has nothing to do with the African Negro Moors (Amazigh people, the Moorish Berbers), with only the name given to a nearby village of Óbidos, "colonized" by the Jewish warriors who followed Yaish ibn Yahya and fought alongside the Christia