John Stewart -Lord of Bonkyll and Garlies

• Preferred Name: John Stewart -Lord of Bonkyll and Garlies^[1]
  
• Gender: M
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Sir
  
• FSID: L1H1-N1N
  
• Birth: 1246 in Bonkyl Castle, Berwickshire, Scotland at LATI: N5.75 LONG: E2.5
  
• Death: 22 JUL 1298 in Battle of Falkirk - Stirlingshire, Scotland at LATI: N6.0092 LONG: E3.7804
  
• Burial: 1298 in Falkirk, Stirlingshire, Scotland at LATI: N6.0092 LONG: E3.7804
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Sir John Stewart (died 22 July 1298), the brother of Sir James the 5th High Steward of Scotland, was a Scottish knight and military commander during the First Scottish War of Independence.
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Stewart_(knight,_died_1298)
  
  Sir John was the second son of Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland (d. 1283). The Scots Peerage states that Sir Alexander's wife was Jean, the daughter of James (d. 1210), lord of Bute.[1] Sir John was an uncle of James Douglas, Lord of Douglas, also known as "The Black Douglas".
  
  As a baron of Scotland, Sir John participated in governmental affairs of Scotland, including confirmation of the Treaty of Salisbury, and was among those requesting Edward I of England to certify the papal dispensation to permit the marriage of his son Edward II to Margaret of Norway, the heir presumptive to the Scottish throne after the death of her grandfather Alexander III of Scotland.[4][5]
  
  After the tragic death of Margaret of Norway, the forced abdication of John Balliol, and the English invasion of Scotland in 1296, John's relations with Edward I of England soured and he came to support the Scottish cause against the English occupation during the First Scottish War of Independence.
  
  A letter from 1297 indicates that Edward I of England considered Sir John, along with his brother Sir James the Steward of Scotland, and Sir Robert the Bruce, Earl of Carrick, as the primary threats to his rule of Scotland. In the letter, he charges the English treasurer in Scotland, Sir Hugh de Cressingham, to employ all the skill he has with the funds provided him to capture them to end the insurrection.[6]
  
  On July 22, 1298, the feast day of Saint Mary Magdalene, the English army under Edward I discovered the Scottish host led by Sir William Wallace and attacked. At the Battle of Falkirk, Sir John Stewart, the brother of the Steward of Scotland, commanded the Scottish archers; Sir William Wallace, the Guardian of Scotland, commanded the infantry; and Sir John Comyn, the nephew of King John Balliol, commanded the cavalry. After the initial skirmish with the English cavalry, the Scottish cavalry under Sir John Comyn fled the battlefield, leaving the archers fully exposed. The Scots resisted the attacks of the English cavalry for a time until the cavalry charged through the Scottish archers, killing their commander, Sir John Stewart. After falling from his horse, the archers rallied around the body of their fallen lord and were killed to the man.[7]
  
  After the battle, Sir John Stewart was buried in the churchyard of the Falkirk Old Parish Church.[8][9]
  
  BIO
  BIO: from http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#AlanStewartDreghorndied1333A as of 12/9/2018
  
  JOHN Stewart of Bonkyl (-killed in battle Falkirk 1298). A charter dated 15 May 1296 records the
  
  Leven
  As a baron of Scotland, Sir John participated in governmental affairs of Scotland, including confirmation of the Treaty of Salisbury, and was among those requesting Edward I of England to certify the
  
  === David's second son, Sir John Graham of D ===
  David's second son, Sir John Graham of Dundaff, who was killed fighting alongside William Wallace when he was defeated by the English at the Battle of Falkirk on 22 July 1298. The lament for his death put into the mouth of Wallace by Henry the Minstrel forms one of the finest passages in the famous poem by that author. "Quhen thai him fand, and gud Wallace him saw,*He lychtyt doun, and hynt him fra thaim aw*In armys vp. Behaldand his paill face,*He kyssyt him, and cryt full oft, ‘Allace!*My best brothir in warld that euir I had!*My afald freynd quhen I was hardest stad!*My hop, my heill, thow was in maist honourI*My faith, my help, my strenthiast in stour!*In the was wyt, fredom, and hardines;*In the was treuth, manheid, and nobilnes;*In the was rewll, in the was gouernans;*In the was wertu withoutyn warians;*In the lawte, in the was gret largnes;*In the gentrice, in the was stedfastnes.*Thow was gret caus off wynnyng off Scotland,*Thocht I began and tuk the wer on hand.*I wow to God that has the warld in wauld*Thi dede sall be to Sotheroun full der sauld.*Martyr thow art for Scotlandis rycht and me;*I sail the wenge, or ellis tharfor de.’"
  
  === Signatory of the Declaration of Arbroath ===
  Signatory of the Declaration of Arbroath (1320). Peter Barns-Graham,Chairman, Stirnet.com (http://www.stirnet.com), Graham01, Mure01.
  
  === John Stewart, of Bonkyl, co. Berwick, so ===
  John Stewart, of Bonkyl, co. Berwick, son and heir of Sir Alexander Stewart, of the same, succeeded his father 1319, and is styled in a charter dated 15 Jun 1329, Earl of Angus. He was knighted 24 Nov 1331, at the coronation of David II. He m. by Papal dispensation dated 24 Oct 1328 (being within the fourth degree of consanguinity), Margaret, 1st daughter of Sir Alexander Abernathy. He d. 9 Dec 1331. His widow was living 1370. [Complete Peerage I:153]
  
  __________________________________________
  
  The first of the family of Stewart to hold this title (Earl of Angus) was Sir John Stewart of Boncle, son of Sir Alexander Stewart of Boncle, and great-grandson of Alexnader, High Steward of Scotland in the time of King Alexander III. He was created Earl of Angus by King Robert the Bruce. The date of the creation is not known, but in the papal dispensation noted below, of 24 October 1328, he is styled John Stewart, Lord of Bonkyl, while he is designed Earl of Angus and Lord of Boncle in a charter granted by him to Gilbert Lumsden of the lands of Blanerne on 15 June 1329. In 1331, John Stewart, Earl of Angus, received from his uncle Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray, then Regent of Scotland, a grant of the reversion of the lands of Mordington and Longformacus in Lammermuir. He was admitted to the order of knighthood at the coronation of David II, 24 Nov 1331, but he died on 9 December in the same year.
  
  John Stewart, Earl of Angus, married, in terms of a papal dispensation of date 24 October 1328, Margaret, eldest daughter and co-heiress of Sir Alexander Abernethy, by which marriage the lordship of Abernethy in Perthshire and other lands passed into possession of the Earls of Angus. By her the Earl had one son, Thomas, who succeeded. Margaret Abenethy, Countess of Angus, lifed until about 1370, surviving her son as well as her husband. [The Scots Peerage I:169-170]
  
  === Biographie ===
  Kämpfze mit William Wallace und fiel in der Schlacht bei FalCirk
  
  === Sir John Stewart, Lord of Bonkyl (M) ===
  Sir John Stewart, Lord of Bonkyl (M)
  b. before 1269, d. 22 July 1298, #5135
  Pedigree
  Last Edited=13 Jan 2003
  
  Sir John Stewart, Lord of Bonkyl was born before 1269. He was the son of Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland and Jean. He died on 22 July 1298, slain fighting for Sir William Wallace.
  Sir John Stewart, Lord of Bonkyl gained the title of Lord of Bonkyl. He fought in the Battle of Falkirk on 22 July 1298 in Falkirk, Scotland.
  
  Children of Sir John Stewart, Lord of Bonkyl and Margaret de Bonkyl
  Sir Alexander Stewart+ b. b 1285, d. 1319
  Sir Alan Stewart+ b. b 1298, d. 19 Jul 1333
  Sir Walter Stewart+ b. b 1298
  Sir James Stewart+ b. b 1298, d. 19 Jul 1333
  Sir John Stewart b. b 1298, d. 19 Jul 1333
  Isabella Stewart b. b 1298, d. a 15 Jul 1351
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Battle of Falkirk (1298)
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  Battle of Falkirk
  Part of the Wars of Scottish Independence
  
  Date: July 21, 1298
  Location: Falkirk, Scotland
  Result: English victory
  Casus belli: {{{casus}}}
  Territory changes: {{{territory}}}
  
  Combatants
  Scotland England
  Commanders
  William Wallace Edward I of England
  Strength
  500 cavalry, 9,500 infantry 2,250 cavalry, 12,900 infantry(there was much desertion amongst the Welsh troops, who made up a substantial part of Edward's infantry so this number might have been lower).
  Casualties
  
  Wars of Scottish Independence
  Dunbar – Stirling Bridge – Falkirk – Stirling Castle – Methven – Bannockburn – Dupplin Moor – Halidon Hill
  The Battle of Falkirk was a battle of the Wars of Scottish Independence.
  
  Contents [hide]
  1 Prelude
  2 Battle
  3 Aftermath
  4 Braveheart
  
  [edit]
  Prelude
  William Wallace had secured control of Scotland with his victory against the English at the Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297. Edward Longshanks had been distracted with his wars on the European continent, and did not return to retake Scotland until six months after the English defeat.
  
  [edit]
  Battle
  Edward and his reluctant army forced Wallace's Scots into a pitched battle at Falkirk. Wallace placed his men on higher ground overlooking a small creek (Westquarter Burn) with the Callender Wood to his rear. The ground opposite his centre was boggy. He deployed his men in four schiltrons, with archers and light troops between them, while his Noble cavalry were held in reserve.
  
  Longshank's army entered the field in column led by three bodies of knights. The centre unit became mired in the marshy ground but disengaged itself to circle left while the second unit circled right to hit the Scottish left and right flanks respectively. The Scottish schiltrons held, but many archers and light troops were cut down by the English Knights. At this point, Wallace's noble cavalry abandoned the battle.
  
  Unable to make headway against the leveled pikes of the Scots schiltrons with his Knights, Longshanks moved forward his archers and Irish mercenaries. Several historical sources record that Longshank's subject Welsh longbow units refused to participate. The English and Irish mercenaries were able, however, to inflict casualties and create confusion in the schiltrons, which the English Knights were eventually able to exploit. Finally, the schiltrons broke and the remnants of Wallace's army fled.
  
  [edit]
  Aftermath
  Wallace survived, and Edward was not able to follow up on his victory: lack of supplies forced him to return to England. Wallace's campaign suffered greatly by the defeat at Falkirk. The Scottish struggle for independence ultimately passed next to Robert the Bruce.
  
  The Scottish cavalry have been judged by some people as treacherous for leaving the field at Falkirk. However, Wallace's plan purportedly called for them to make a nearly suicidal charge on the English troops. The Scottish cavalry were few and those at Falkirk were a significant portion, if not nearly all of those that were available at that time. By staying behind to fight, they would almost certainly have inflicted a large amount of additional casualties to the English army, but whether that would have turned Falkirk into a Scottish victory is not able to be determined based on what information is available to us now. The Scottish cavalry did fight later at the Battle of Bannockburn, and that battle resulted in a firm Scottish victory.
  
  [edit]
  Braveheart
  Mel Gibson's film Braveheart made a number of historical mistakes in its depiction of the battle. It showed the Irish charging, then stopping, shaking hands with the Scottish troops, and switching sides. This may have been a confusion with the Welsh longbow units. Also, it describes the Irish as conscripts, an anachronism in the Middle Ages. Wallace is shown losing a one-on-one fight with Robert the Bruce, who fights on the English side, defending the king.
  
  === Décès ===
  À l'âge de 52 ans
  
  === From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 J ===
  From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
  
  === Children of John Stewart and Margeret Bonkyl ===
  Egidia Stewart; Sir Alexander Stewart of Bonkyll; Sir Alan Stewart of Dreghorn, Kt.; Sir Walter Stewart of Dalswinton; Elizabeth Stewart; Sir James Stewart of Pierston, Knight; Sir John Stewart of Bonkyl; Isabel Stewart of Bonkyl; Robert Stewart of Daldowie and Sir Hugh Stewart
  
  === Complete Lineage of John Stewart Lord of Bonkyl ===
  https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/2:2:38SB-2LF
  
  === Biography ===
  Kämpfte als Captain mit William Wallace

• m. BEF 1271

1. Isabella Stewart of Bonkyl, b. 1279 in Berwickshire, Scotland     d. 15 JUL 1351 in Kildrummy Castle, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, First Earl of Moray
2. James Stewart of Pierston, b. 1282 in Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland     d. 19 JUL 1333 in Battle of Halidon Hill - Berwick on Tweed, Northumberland, England, United Kingdom
3. Alexander Stewart Lord of Bonkyll, b. 1271 in Dreghorn, Midlothian, Scotland, United Kingdom     d. 1319 in Bonkyl, Berwickshire, Scotland, United Kingdom
4. Elizabeth Stewart, b. 1275 in Scotland     d. 16 JUL 1351 in Kincardineshire, Scotland
5. Walter Stewart of Garlies and Dalswinton, b. 1275 in Dalswinton, Dumfriesshire, Schotland     d. 1340 in Dalswinton, Dumfriesshire, Scotland

1. Title: John Stewart, "Find A Grave Index"
   Author: "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVGJ-B1YB : 10 September 2021), John Stewart, ; Burial, Falkirk, , Falkirk, Scotland, Falkirk Parish Churchyard; citing record ID 123014457, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
   Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVGJ-B1YB;