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Walter FitzAlan - 1st High Steward of Scotland


Preferred Parents:
Father: Alan Fitzflaald, b. ABT 1078 in Dol-de-Bretagne, Ille-et-Vilaine, Brittany, France   d. 22 NOV 1121 in Oswestry Castle, Oswestry, Shropshire, England
Mother: Avelina De Hesding, b. ABT 1081 in Vieil-Hesdin, Pas-de-Calais, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France   d. 5 NOV 1126 in Castle-Pulverbatch, Shropshire, England

Family 1: Eschina de Loudon,    b. 1107 in Paisley Abbey, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland    d. 1186 in Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland
  1. Margaret Marjory FitzWalter, b. 1127 in Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland    
  2. Alan FitzWalter - 2nd High Steward of Scotland, b. 1140 in Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland     d. 24 AUG 1204 in Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland
Sources:
  1. Title: Walter FitzAlan, "Find A Grave Index"
    Author: "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV23-PBZT : 1 August 2020), Walter FitzAlan, ; Burial, Paisley, , Renfrewshire, Scotland, Paisley Abbey; citing record ID 63270003, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
    Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV23-PBZT;
  2. Title: Paisley Abbey History
    Publication: Name: http://www.paisleyabbey.org.uk/history/;
    Note: Official Paisley Abbey website tells history of abbey, including some information about Walter FitzAlan, The High Steward of Scotland.
  3. Title: "The Archbishops of Dol and the Origin of the Stewarts" by Paul A Fox • Foundations (2009)
    Author: Search for the "FitzAlan" or "FitzFlaald" surnames, then go the "Source" area. You will find a link to the: 061Dol.pdf
    Publication: Name: http://wikitree.com/wiki/Dol-4;
    Note: It contains the most up-to-date research into the origins of the "House of Stewart / Stuart" and related families.
  4. Title: Walter FitzAlan, "Find A Grave Index"
    Author: "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV23-PBZT : 1 August 2020), Walter FitzAlan, ; Burial, Paisley, , Renfrewshire, Scotland, Paisley Abbey; citing record ID 63270003, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
    Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV23-PBZT;
  5. Title: History of the Stewarts, beginning with Walter Fitzalan
    Author: BBC.
    Publication: Name: http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/articles/in_depth_the_stewarts/;
    Note: The Stewarts formed one of the most enduring and turbulent royal dynasties in Scottish history. Through war, policy and marriage they dragged Scotland from the margins of European affairs to centre stage and, almost incredibly, they took the crown of the old enemy – England. Originating from Brittany, the family name had been Fitzalan. This was changed after Walter Fitzalan entered the service of David I of Scotland (reigning from 1124 – 1153) and was appointed High Steward of Scotland. Walter's great grandson later adopted the title as a surname and the family became the Stewarts. Over the course of generations the family accrued honours and lands but it was not until 1315 that fortunes truly changed. That year Walter, 6th High Steward of Scotland married Marjory Bruce – daughter of Robert the Bruce, King of Scots. Importantly the children of this marriage would have a direct blood-line claim to the throne of Scotland. The death David II, son of Robert the Bruce, in 1371 led to the crown passing to his cousin – Robert Stewart. Scotland had a new royal dynasty. Successive Stewart monarchs tried to cement their grip on power – this involved taking on some of the most powerful clans in the country – the Douglases and MacDonalds. The arrival of the Stewart dynasty coincided with the rise to prominence of the powerful MacDonalds – the 'Lords of the Isles'. As the strongest force of Gaelic Scotland the Macdonald's had an ambition to rival the Stewarts and the military power to pose a serious threat. The first blow in the battle for power and influence was dealt by James I. In 1427 he arrested Alexander, chief of clan Donald. Alexander fought back by burning Inverness to the ground. This battle for supremecy was decided at Inverlochy in 1431.
    Page: History - Beginning
  6. Title: History of the Stewarts, beginning with Walter Fitzalan
    Author: BBC
    Publication: Name: http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/articles/in_depth_the_stewarts/;
    Note: The Stewarts formed one of the most enduring and turbulent royal dynasties in Scottish history. Through war, policy and marriage they dragged Scotland from the margins of European affairs to centre stage and, almost incredibly, they took the crown of the old enemy – England. Originating from Brittany, the family name had been Fitzalan. This was changed after Walter Fitzalan entered the service of David I of Scotland (reigning from 1124 – 1153) and was appointed High Steward of Scotland. Walter's great grandson later adopted the title as a surname and the family became the Stewarts. Over the course of generations the family accrued honours and lands but it was not until 1315 that fortunes truly changed. That year Walter, 6th High Steward of Scotland married Marjory Bruce – daughter of Robert the Bruce, King of Scots. Importantly the children of this marriage would have a direct blood-line claim to the throne of Scotland. The death David II, son of Robert the Bruce, in 1371 led to the crown passing to his cousin – Robert Stewart. Scotland had a new royal dynasty. Successive Stewart monarchs tried to cement their grip on power – this involved taking on some of the most powerful clans in the country – the Douglases and MacDonalds. The arrival of the Stewart dynasty coincided with the rise to prominence of the powerful MacDonalds – the 'Lords of the Isles'. As the strongest force of Gaelic Scotland the Macdonald's had an ambition to rival the Stewarts and the military power to pose a serious threat. The first blow in the battle for power and influence was dealt by James I. In 1427 he arrested Alexander, chief of clan Donald. Alexander fought back by burning Inverness to the ground. This battle for supremecy was decided at Inverlochy in 1431.
  7. Title: Walter Fitz-Alan in the Liber Niger Scaccarii, record in the Exchequer, documenting principal landholders in England
    Author: British History Magna-Brittanica website.
    Publication: Name: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/magna-britannia/vol3/lxiv-lxxii;
    Note: Principal Landholders at various Periods. It was some time after the Domesday survey, that the Prior and convent of Launceston, and the Prior and convent of Tywardreth, became possessed of considerable landed property, which, after the dissolution of religious houses, was annexed to the duchy of Cornwall. The earliest record, after the Domesday survey, which furnishes us with any account of the principal landholders of this county, is the Liber Niger Scaccarii, a record in the Exchequer, drawn up in 1165. At this time, Ralph de Valletort, grandson, it is probable, of Reginald, held fifty-nine knights-fees in Devonshire and Cornwall; Robert Fitzwilliam (the descendant of the Fitzrichards, and of Ricardus, whose name appears in the Domesday survey,) held fifty-one knights-fees, besides twenty others of the fee of Walter Hay. Richard de Lucie, justiciar, and some time regent of England, who is said to have built Truro Castle, held ten knights-fees of the old enfeoffment, and nine of the fee of Adam de Malherb; William de Boterell or Bottreaux, twelve fees; Geffrey, son of Gralan, seven; Baldwin, ten; Erkenbald Fitz-S— (a descendant, probably, of the Erchenbald of the Domesday survey), eight; Richard Fitz-William, five; William, the Earl's brother (fn. n2), and Roger de Mandeville (fn. n3), four each; Henry de Pomeroy, Hoel, and Jordan, three each; Ralph de Borchard, and Ralph de Tremoderet, two each; Richard FitzAlured, William de Dun, Richard Fitzosul, and Eiulph, one each. ¶Towards the close of the twelfth century, about five and thirty years later than the Liber Niger (fn. n4), there are two scutage-rolls in the Exchequer, which give us the principal land-holders of that period, and so fluctuating was then the state of property, that although they must have been within two or three years of each other (fn. n5), yet they exhibit a considerable change. Robert de Cardinan, by far the greatest land-holder, is, in both of these, stated to hold seventy-one knights-fees. These appear to have been the same which were held by Robert Fitz-William, in 1665; and it is evident from this, and other circumstances, that he married the heiress of Fitz-William. In the Liber Niger, Fitz-William is said to hold twenty of his knightsfees under Walter Hay. In one of the scutage-rolls before-mentioned, Walter Hay is said to hold forty knights-fees, in right of Agnes his wife. We have not been able to find any thing further relating to this great land-holder, or who his wife Agnes was. Reginald de Valletort, in one of these rolls, is stated to hold fifty-nine fees, in the other only fifty-one. Half of the fees which had belonged to Richard de Lucie are said to have been held, 8 Richard I., by Geffrey de Lacell (fn. n6). Robert Lord Fitz-Walter (who was not many years after, generalissimo of the barons army, at the celebrated convention of Runnemede), is stated, in one of the rolls, to have been possessed of eleven knights-fees, which had belonged to his uncle Richard de Lusti (Lucy). This Robert, in 1198, succeeded his father, Walter Fitz-Robert, who had married Maud (fn. n7), one of the daughters and coheirs of the Justiciary. Nine other knights-fees are said, in the same roll, to have been held by Robert Peverell, as trustee, probably, for Rohesia de Lucy (fn. n8), the other coheiress. Robert Fitz-Walter's lands, in Cornwall, were seized by King John, and given to the custody of his own son Henry, and were perhaps never restored, as we find no mention of his posterity possessing lands in Cornwall. Rohesia afterwards granted all her lands, in Cornwall, to William de Briwere (fn. n9). In one of the rolls, Nicholas FitzGeoffrey is said to have held ten knights-fees, being, no doubt, son of Geoffrey Fitz-Baldwin, who held the same number in 1165; and it seems to have been the same property which,
    Page: Record
  8. Title: en.wikipedia.org, Walter Fitz Alan 1st High Steward of Scotland
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_fitz_Alan;
  9. Title: Walter FitzAllan - Geneanet
    Publication: Name: https://gw.geneanet.org/natoab?lang=en&iz=0&p=walter+the+breton&n=fitz+alan&oc=1;
  10. Title: Book - The Geneaologist
    Author: Google Books
    Note: Walter s/o William s/o Alice Mumby, co-heiress in her issue, as Aunt of Alice d/o Ralph Mumby
  11. Title: Walter FitzAlan at the Battle of Renfrew
    Author: Iain the Pict blog website
    Publication: Name: http://iainthepict.blogspot.com/2010/10/battle-of-renfrew.html;
    Note: The Battle of Renfrew "was dramatically described in the Latin poem, ‘Carmen de Morte Sumerlidi’ (Song on the Death of Somerled), which exulted in the victory of the citizens of Glasgow thus: “And in the first cleft of battle the baleful leader fell. Wounded by a javelin, slain by a sword, Somerled died. And the raging wave swallowed his son, and the wounded of many thousand fugitives; because when this fierce leader was struck down, the wicked took to flight; and very many were slaughtered, both on sea and on land.” The [High] Steward [Walter FitzAlan] was perceived to have not only saved Glasgow and Renfrew, but to have saved the country from being overrun by savage hordes. To the victor the spoils – and ‘the Tell’."
  12. Title: History of Walter Fitz Alan
    Author: Citizendium.org
    Publication: Name: http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Walter_fitz_Alan,_1st_High_Steward_of_Scotland;
    Note: Walter moved to Scotland and took up service under David I who appointed Walter to the Stewardship (Seneschal) of Scotland. The lands in Argyle, Kintyre and Galloway were under Norwegian control and posed a continual threat to David's rule. To counter this, David created several large provincial Lordships in the South West of Scotland: Renfrewshire and large parts of Ayrshire were granted to Walter fitz Alan; Hugh de Morevile received lands in Cunningham; and Robert de Brus (ancestor of Robert I of Scotland) was given land and title in Annandale. In doing so, David I made a strong barrier to counter aggression from the west.[5] In 1157, Malcolm IV confirmed the title of Steward and made the office hereditary. Malcolm IV also confirmed and further extended the lands granted to Walter in Renfrewshire and Ayrshire which were to include the lands around: Renfrew, Passeleth (Paisley), Polloc (Pollock), Talahec, Kerkert (Cathcart), The Drem, The Muntrene, Eglesham, Lochinavche and Innerwick. In return, Walter was to provide Malcolm IV with the service of five Knights.[6] Walter in turn granted lands within his control to his own follower. Over 100 names of various vassals, tenants and dependants can be traced as new arrivals, mainly from Shropshire, between the years 1160 and 1241.[5] These included such names as the Wallace. (The ancestors of William Wallace.)[1] Near to Walter's great hall at Blackhall, Paisley, was a shrine dedicated to Saint Mirin, who had been instrumental in introducing Christianity to Renfewshire. In the year 1163, Walter brought a group of Monks from a Cluniac order in Shropshire and founded a priory at Paisley. This small priory grew and by 1219 became Paisley Abbey. In 1164 the threat of invasion from the West was realised. Somerled, King of the Hebrides (Gaelic "ri Innse Gall") landed in Renfrewshire with an army. Walter fitz Alan meet and did battle with Somerled in what is known as the Battle of Renfrew. Somerled and his son Gillecallum were both killed creating a Scottish victory. The site of the Battle is today marked by the Cairn at the junction of Renfrew Road and Glencairn Road in Gallowhill, Paisley. On his death, Walter fitz Alan was buried at the Abbey he founded at Paisley. The title 'High Stewart' became the surname of his descendants. Robert Stuart, a direct male descendant of Walter, became Robert II of Scotland; thus beginning the Stuart Royal dynasty that would eventually go on to rule over all of Scotland, England, Ireland and Wales to form the United Kingdom.
  13. Title: Walter FitzAlan at the Battle of Renfrew
    Author: Iain the Pict blog website.
    Publication: Name: http://iainthepict.blogspot.com/2010/10/battle-of-renfrew.html;
    Note: The Battle of Renfrew "was dramatically described in the Latin poem, ‘Carmen de Morte Sumerlidi’ (Song on the Death of Somerled), which exulted in the victory of the citizens of Glasgow thus: “And in the first cleft of battle the baleful leader fell. Wounded by a javelin, slain by a sword, Somerled died. And the raging wave swallowed his son, and the wounded of many thousand fugitives; because when this fierce leader was struck down, the wicked took to flight; and very many were slaughtered, both on sea and on land.” The [High] Steward [Walter FitzAlan] was perceived to have not only saved Glasgow and Renfrew, but to have saved the country from being overrun by savage hordes. To the victor the spoils – and ‘the Tell’."
    Page: Battle of Renfrew
  14. Title: Cawley, Charles, Medieval Lands, v3.10
    Page: Cawley
  15. Title: The Register: The 'Foundation Charter'
    Author: 'The Register: The 'Foundation Charter'', in Register and Records of Holm Cultram, ed. Francis Grainger and W G Collingwood (Kendal, 1929), pp. 91-92. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/n-westmorland-records/vol7/pp91-92 [accessed 15 February 2022].
    Publication: Name: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/n-westmorland-records/vol7/pp91-92;
    Note: Description of the so-called "Foundation Charter" of Melrose Abbey
    Page: This is headed "the socalled foundation-charter" because it alludes to a previous charter by Alan f. Waldef, which is lost, but was the real foundation-charter. Henry's father David I (David the first, of Scotland) was recognised as earl of Cumberland in 1136. As David's Steward, Walter would have traveled with him to Cumberland to witness and sign the charter.
  16. Title: Walter Stewart - Find a Grave
    Publication: Name: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63270003/walter-fitzalan;
  17. Title: Peerage, The
    Author: Darryl Lundy, The Peerage, a genealogical survey of teh Peerage of Britian as well as the royal families of Europe(http://thepeerage.com : accessed 14 Jan 2020), Walter fitz Alan;
    Note: Walter fitz Alan, 1st High Steward of Scotland was the son of Alan fitz Flaald and Aveline de Hesding.1 He married Eschyna de Molle, daughter of Thomas de Londoniis.2 He died in 1177.2 He was created 1st High Steward of Scotland in 1124.2 In 1157 King Malocolm IV ratified the grants of Stewart of Scotland to his family.2 Circa 1163 founder of Pailsey Priory.3 In 1164 he repelled an invasion of Renfrewshire by the Islesmen.2Child of Walter fitz Alan, 1st High Steward of Scotland unknown Stuart+4Child of Walter fitz Alan, 1st High Steward of Scotland and Eschyna de Molle Alan fitz Walter, 2nd High Steward of Scotland+2 d. 1204Citations [S323] Sir James Balfour Paul, The Scots Peerage: founded on Wood\'s edition of Sir Robert Douglas\'s The Peerage of Scotland (Edinburgh, Scotland: David Douglas, 1904), volume I, page 10. Hereinafter cited as The Scots Peerage. [S323] Sir James Balfour Paul, The Scots Peerage, volume I, page 11. [S37] BP2003 volume 2, page 2763. See link for full details for this source. Hereinafter cited as. [S37] [S37] BP2003. [S37]
  18. Title: Walter Stewart - Geni.com
    Publication: Name: https://www.geni.com/people/Walter-FitzAlan-1st-High-Steward-of-Scotland/6000000000701216245;
  19. Title: Paisley Abbey History
    Publication: Name: http://www.paisleyabbey.org.uk/history/;
    Note: Official Paisley Abbey website tells history of abbey, including some information about Walter FitzAlan, The High Steward of Scotland.
    Page: Paisley Abbey
  20. Title: Earls of England
    Author: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medieval Lands Projects, Lancaster
    Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/enguntlo.htm#_Toc64702013;
    Note: About Gilbert and Helewise
    Page: British Isles - Scotland, Kings , p. 121: WALTER FitzAlan, son of ALAN FitzFlaald & his [second] wife Adeline [Aveline] de Hesdin (-1177). "…Waltero filio Alan" witnessed a charter dated to [1135] by which "David Rex Scottorum" granted Swinton to "Arnulfo…mee militi"[1106]. "…Walterus filius Alani…" witnessed the undated charter under which David I King of Scotland donated "toftam in Beruwic" to the priory of the Isle of May[1107]. "…Waltero filio Alani…" witnessed the charter dated 29 Apr 1141 under which David King of Scotland donated "terram de Eldune…Dernewic" to Melrose abbey[1108]. "William Fitz Alan" donated the fishery of Upton-upon-Severn to Haughmond abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "Walter his brother, Christiana his wife…"[1109]. William FitzAlan invested his brother Walter in his Sussex manor of Stoke, dated to [1155/60][1110]. He was appointed first High Steward of Scotland, during the reign of King David. Malcolm IV King of Scotland confirmed the grants of "Renfrew et Passeleth et Polloc et Talahec et Kerkert et Le Drep et le Mutrene et Eglisham et Lauchinauche et Innerwick" made to "Waltero filio Alani" by David I King of Scotland by charter dated 24 Jun 1158, which states that King David had appointed him to "Senescaliam suam"[1111]. "Walterus filius Alani dapifer regis" donated land at "Edmundiston" to Melrose abbey, for the soul of "dñi mei Malcolmi regis", by undated charter[1112]. "Walterus filius Alani dapifer regis Scotie" founded the monastery of Paisley by charter dated to before 1163, witnessed by "…Simone fratre Walteri filii Alani"[1113]. "Walterus filius Alani dapifer regis Scotie…et Alanus filius meus" donated property to Paisley by undated charter[1114]. The Chronicle of Melrose records the death in 1177 of "Walterus filius Alani, dapifer Regis Scotiæ"[1115]. [m firstly ---. No direct evidence has been found of Walter’s supposed first marriage. However, the charter of Eschina de Molle, Walter’s known wife, is subscribed by "Waltero filio Alani domino meo, Alano filio eius…", which suggests that Alan was not her son. This impression is confirmed by the charter of Eschyna dated to after 1198 which is witnessed by her two daughters but does not name Alan FitzWalter at all. In addition, the charters quoted above show that Walter was already active in the service of the kings of Scotland in [1135/41]. He is therefore unlikely to have been born much later than 1110. However, his wife Eschina remarried after his death in 1177, and appears in documentation in the last years of the 12th century, so is unlikely to have been as old as her husband.] m [secondly] as her second husband, ESCHINA de Lundon, widow of [--- de Molle], daughter of --- de Lundon & his wife --- (-after 1198). "Eschina uxor Walterii filii Alani dapiferi regis Scotie" donated "terra in Molla" to Paisley monastery, for the soul of "Margarete filie mee que apud Passetet in capitulo jacet sepulta", by undated charter, witnessed by "Waltero filio Alani domino meo, Alano filio eius…"[1116]. Eschina’s first marriage is indicated by the charter dated to [1200/02] under which her daughter "Cecilia de Molle filia Eschine de Molle…in mea viduitate" donated "toftum et croftum que fuerunt Willi de Mollehope…[et] in dominio meo de Molle", witnessed by "…magister Walterus de Mortuo Mari…decanus ecclesie Glasguensis…Johe nepote dni W. Glasg epi…"[1117]. This document shows that the donor was too old to have been born from Eschina’s marriage to "Henry", and her name "de Molle" indicates that she was not born from her mother’s marriage to Walter FitzAlan. "Eschina de Londonis" confirmed the donation of "ecclesiam de Molle", for the souls of "dni mei Gauterii filii Alani et…filie mee que apud Kelcho sepulta est", by charter dated 30 Jan 1185[1118]. She married thirdly (after 30 Jan 1185) Henry de Molle. "Henricus de Molle et uxore eius Eschina" confirmed the donation of property "in territorio…de Molle" to Kelso monastery by undated charter[1119]. "Dna Eschina de Lundoniis" confirmed the donation of "ecclesiam de Molle", for the souls of "dominorum meorum regis Willi et Alexi filii eius…et dominorum meorum dni Waltii fil Alani et dni Henr et…Eschine filie mee", by charter dated to after 1198, witnessed by "Dna Avicia filia mea, Dna Cecilia filia mea…"[1120].
  21. Title: Walter Fitz-Alan in the Liber Niger Scaccarii, record in the Exchequer, documenting principal landholders in England
    Author: British History Magna-Brittanica website
    Publication: Name: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/magna-britannia/vol3/lxiv-lxxii;
    Note: Principal Landholders at various Periods. It was some time after the Domesday survey, that the Prior and convent of Launceston, and the Prior and convent of Tywardreth, became possessed of considerable landed property, which, after the dissolution of religious houses, was annexed to the duchy of Cornwall. The earliest record, after the Domesday survey, which furnishes us with any account of the principal landholders of this county, is the Liber Niger Scaccarii, a record in the Exchequer, drawn up in 1165. At this time, Ralph de Valletort, grandson, it is probable, of Reginald, held fifty-nine knights-fees in Devonshire and Cornwall; Robert Fitzwilliam (the descendant of the Fitzrichards, and of Ricardus, whose name appears in the Domesday survey,) held fifty-one knights-fees, besides twenty others of the fee of Walter Hay. Richard de Lucie, justiciar, and some time regent of England, who is said to have built Truro Castle, held ten knights-fees of the old enfeoffment, and nine of the fee of Adam de Malherb; William de Boterell or Bottreaux, twelve fees; Geffrey, son of Gralan, seven; Baldwin, ten; Erkenbald Fitz-S— (a descendant, probably, of the Erchenbald of the Domesday survey), eight; Richard Fitz-William, five; William, the Earl's brother (fn. n2), and Roger de Mandeville (fn. n3), four each; Henry de Pomeroy, Hoel, and Jordan, three each; Ralph de Borchard, and Ralph de Tremoderet, two each; Richard FitzAlured, William de Dun, Richard Fitzosul, and Eiulph, one each. ¶Towards the close of the twelfth century, about five and thirty years later than the Liber Niger (fn. n4), there are two scutage-rolls in the Exchequer, which give us the principal land-holders of that period, and so fluctuating was then the state of property, that although they must have been within two or three years of each other (fn. n5), yet they exhibit a considerable change. Robert de Cardinan, by far the greatest land-holder, is, in both of these, stated to hold seventy-one knights-fees. These appear to have been the same which were held by Robert Fitz-William, in 1665; and it is evident from this, and other circumstances, that he married the heiress of Fitz-William. In the Liber Niger, Fitz-William is said to hold twenty of his knightsfees under Walter Hay. In one of the scutage-rolls before-mentioned, Walter Hay is said to hold forty knights-fees, in right of Agnes his wife. We have not been able to find any thing further relating to this great land-holder, or who his wife Agnes was. Reginald de Valletort, in one of these rolls, is stated to hold fifty-nine fees, in the other only fifty-one. Half of the fees which had belonged to Richard de Lucie are said to have been held, 8 Richard I., by Geffrey de Lacell (fn. n6). Robert Lord Fitz-Walter (who was not many years after, generalissimo of the barons army, at the celebrated convention of Runnemede), is stated, in one of the rolls, to have been possessed of eleven knights-fees, which had belonged to his uncle Richard de Lusti (Lucy). This Robert, in 1198, succeeded his father, Walter Fitz-Robert, who had married Maud (fn. n7), one of the daughters and coheirs of the Justiciary. Nine other knights-fees are said, in the same roll, to have been held by Robert Peverell, as trustee, probably, for Rohesia de Lucy (fn. n8), the other coheiress. Robert Fitz-Walter's lands, in Cornwall, were seized by King John, and given to the custody of his own son Henry, and were perhaps never restored, as we find no mention of his posterity possessing lands in Cornwall. Rohesia afterwards granted all her lands, in Cornwall, to William de Briwere (fn. n9). In one of the rolls, Nicholas FitzGeoffrey is said to have held ten knights-fees, being, no doubt, son of Geoffrey Fitz-Baldwin, who held the same number in 1165; and it seems to have been the same property which,
    Page: Walter Fitz-Alan and other family members are mentioned in the Liber Niger Scaccarii, a record in the Exchequer, which documents principal landholders in England.
  22. Title: Wiki
    Publication: Name: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_fitz_Alan;
    Note: Has his birth date and death date
    Page: Someone has put the wrong birth date
  23. Title: History of Walter Fitz Alan
    Author: Citizendium.org.
    Publication: Name: http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Walter_fitz_Alan,_1st_High_Steward_of_Scotland;
    Note: Walter moved to Scotland and took up service under David I who appointed Walter to the Stewardship (Seneschal) of Scotland. The lands in Argyle, Kintyre and Galloway were under Norwegian control and posed a continual threat to David's rule. To counter this, David created several large provincial Lordships in the South West of Scotland: Renfrewshire and large parts of Ayrshire were granted to Walter fitz Alan; Hugh de Morevile received lands in Cunningham; and Robert de Brus (ancestor of Robert I of Scotland) was given land and title in Annandale. In doing so, David I made a strong barrier to counter aggression from the west.[5] In 1157, Malcolm IV confirmed the title of Steward and made the office hereditary. Malcolm IV also confirmed and further extended the lands granted to Walter in Renfrewshire and Ayrshire which were to include the lands around: Renfrew, Passeleth (Paisley), Polloc (Pollock), Talahec, Kerkert (Cathcart), The Drem, The Muntrene, Eglesham, Lochinavche and Innerwick. In return, Walter was to provide Malcolm IV with the service of five Knights.[6] Walter in turn granted lands within his control to his own follower. Over 100 names of various vassals, tenants and dependants can be traced as new arrivals, mainly from Shropshire, between the years 1160 and 1241.[5] These included such names as the Wallace. (The ancestors of William Wallace.)[1] Near to Walter's great hall at Blackhall, Paisley, was a shrine dedicated to Saint Mirin, who had been instrumental in introducing Christianity to Renfewshire. In the year 1163, Walter brought a group of Monks from a Cluniac order in Shropshire and founded a priory at Paisley. This small priory grew and by 1219 became Paisley Abbey. In 1164 the threat of invasion from the West was realised. Somerled, King of the Hebrides (Gaelic "ri Innse Gall") landed in Renfrewshire with an army. Walter fitz Alan meet and did battle with Somerled in what is known as the Battle of Renfrew. Somerled and his son Gillecallum were both killed creating a Scottish victory. The site of the Battle is today marked by the Cairn at the junction of Renfrew Road and Glencairn Road in Gallowhill, Paisley. On his death, Walter fitz Alan was buried at the Abbey he founded at Paisley. The title 'High Stewart' became the surname of his descendants. Robert Stuart, a direct male descendant of Walter, became Robert II of Scotland; thus beginning the Stuart Royal dynasty that would eventually go on to rule over all of Scotland, England, Ireland and Wales to form the United Kingdom.
    Page: History Fitz Alan
  24. Title: Walter FitzAlan - Wiki Tree
    Publication: Name: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/FitzAlan-573;
  25. Title: Ancestral File (R)
  26. Title: Our royal, titled, noble and commoner ancestors
    Author: Citations [S279] Unknown author, The Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, by Gerald Paget, Vol. 1, p. 211. [S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. I, p. 586-587. [S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. II, p. 478. [S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. II, p. 477-478.
    Publication: Name: https://our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com/p155.htm#i4652;
    Note: Walter FitzAlan, 1st Great Steward1,2,3,4 Last Edited 4 Apr 2020 M, #4652, d. 1177 Father Alan FitzFlaald d. 1114 Mother Aveline de Hesdin d. a 1126 Walter FitzAlan, 1st Great Steward married Eschyne de Molle, daughter of Sir Thomas de London, Lord Kidwilly and Eschelyn de Molle. Walter FitzAlan, 1st Great Steward died in 1177. Family Eschyne de Molle Children Alan FitzWalter, 2nd Great Steward+ d. 1204 Christina de FitzAlan+3,2,4 d. a 1215 Marjorie FitzAlan+
  27. Title: Stuart, Andrew (1798) Genealogical history of the Stewarts
    Author: Digitizing sponsor: Internet Archive
    Publication: Name: https://archive.org/details/genealogicalhist00stua/page/2;
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