Guðrøðr Óláfsson, King of Dublin and the Isles

• Preferred Name: Guðrøðr Óláfsson, King of Dublin and the Isles^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]}
  
• Alternate Name: Gudrød Óláfsson Skjolding
  
• Gender: M
  
• Occupation: King of Man & the North Isles
  
• Birth: 1135 in Isle of Man, Scotland at LATI: N6.1833 LONG: E2.5667 with note: parents are believed to have married in the 1130's Exact year from FS.
  
• FSID: GQTJ-4QT
  
• Burial: 1188 in Iona, Argyll, Scotland at LATI: N6.3167 LONG: E6.4167
  
• Death: 10 NOV 1187 in St Patrick's Isle, Isle of Man at LATI: N4.25 LONG: E4.5
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: King of Dublin and the Isles
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Guðrøðr Óláfsson (died 10 November 1187) was a twelfth-century ruler of the kingdoms of Dublin and the Isles.[note 1] Guðrøðr was a son of Óláfr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles and Affrica, daughter of Fergus, Lord of Galloway. Throughout his career, Guðrøðr battled rival claimants to the throne, permanently losing about half of his realm to a rival dynasty in the process. Although dethroned for nearly a decade, Guðrøðr clawed his way back to regain control of a partitioned kingdom, and proceeded to project power into Ireland. Although originally opposed to the English invasion of Ireland, Guðrøðr adeptly recognised the English ascendancy in the Irish Sea region and aligned himself with the English. All later kings of the Crovan dynasty descended from Guðrøðr.
  
  In the last year of his father's reign, Guðrøðr was absent at the court of Ingi Haraldsson, King of Norway, forging closer ties with the Kingdom of Norway. When Óláfr was assassinated by rival members of the Crovan dynasty in 1153, Guðrøðr returned to the Isles, overthrew his usurping cousins, and seized the throne for himself. Guðrøðr evidently pursued a more aggressive policy than his father, and the following year appears to have lent military assistance to Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, King of Cenél nEógain in the latter's bid for the high-kingship of Ireland. Not long afterwards, Guðrøðr faced a dynastic challenge from his brother-in-law, Somairle mac Gilla Brigte, Lord of Argyll, whose son, as a grandson of Óláfr, possessed a claim to the throne. Late in 1156, Guðrøðr and Somaile fought an inconclusive sea-battle and partitioned the kingdom of the Isles between them. Two years later Somairle stuck again and forced Guðrøðr from the Isles altogether.
  
  Guðrøðr appears to have spent his exile in the kingdoms of England and Scotland before journeying to Norway. In about 1161, Guðrøðr distinguished himself in the ongoing Norwegian civil wars at the final downfall of Ingi. Guðrøðr made his return to the Isles in 1164, in the aftermath of Somairle's defeat and death at the hands of the Scots. Although he regained the kingship itself, the territories ceded to Somairle in 1156 were retained by the latter's descendants.
  
  At some point in his career, Guðrøðr briefly held the kingship of Dublin. Although he was initially successful in fending off Muirchertach, the Dubliners eventually settled with the latter, and Guðrøðr returned to the Isles. This episode may have bearing on Guðrøðr's marriage to Findguala ingen Néill, Muirchertach's granddaughter. In 1170, Dublin fell to an Anglo-Irish alliance.
  
  The following year the ousted King of Dublin attempted to retake the town, and Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht attempted to dislodge the English from Dublin. In both cases, Guðrøðr appears to have provided military assistance against the English. In succeeding years, however, Guðrøðr aligned himself with one of the most powerful English conquerors, John de Courcy. Guðrøðr's assistance to John, who had married Guðrøðr's daughter, Affrica, may have played a critical role in John's successful conquest of the Kingdom of Ulaid. Guðrøðr died in 1187 and was succeeded by his eldest son, Rǫgnvaldr. Although Guðrøðr may have attempted to avert any succession disputes between his descendants, Rǫgnvaldr and his younger brother, Óláfr svarti, eventually fought each other over the throne, and the resulting conflict carried on into later generations.
  
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guðrøðr_Óláfsson
  
  === From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 J ===
  From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
  
  === Nickname: The Black Name Prefix: Nickname: The Black Name Prefix: King Name Suffix: Of Man &The Isles
  
  === !BIOGRAPHY: Sir Robert Douglas of Glenb ===
  !BIOGRAPHY: Sir Robert Douglas of Glenbervie, Baronet, THE BARONAGE OF SCOTLAND, Edinburgh, 1798, p. 374. !Godfred, king of Man and the isles, who married Phingola, daughter of Maclotten, son of Mackartae king of Ireland, by whom he had one son, Olave, his heir. He had two natural sons, Reginald and Ivar. This Godfred was a tyrannical prince, and greatly oppressed his subjects. There was therefore a rebellion raised against him by Torphin the son of Ottar, or, according to Macpherson, Oler, and others of the nobility who took upon them to give the government of the island to Dungal, who was son of Somerled. King Godfred died anno 1187, and his only lawful son, Olaus the Black, succeeded him. !MENTION: Sir Robert Douglas of Glenbervie, Bart., THE PEERAGE OF SCOTLAND, Vol. 2, Second Edition, John Philip Wood, Esq., Editor, Edinburgh, 1813, p. 5. !BIOGRAPHY: John Burke, Esq., A GENEALOGICAL AND HERALDIC HISTORY OF THE COMMONERS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, Vol. II, Baltimore, Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1977, pp. 175-178. !BIOGRAPHY: Rev. Dr. Donald MacKinnon, MACLEOD CHIEFS OF HARRIS AND DUNVEGAN, Edinburgh, The Clan MacLeod Society, 1969, pp. 4-5. !Godred the Black succeeded his father in 1154. After conquering Dublin, Godred became a tyrant and his oppression was such that one of his leading vassals, Thorfinn, son of Ottar, went to Somerled, regulus of Argyle and proposed that Dugall, son of Somerled, should be appointed King of Man and the Isles. Thereafter, Somerled and Thorfinn sailed to the Sudreys (Hebrides) where they were joyfully received by most of the leading men. Paul Baalkeson (of whom the clan MhicBhaic or MacKillops in Berneray, Harris) hastened to Man to inform King Godred of what was happening. Godred now collected a fleet and sailed north to deal with the insurgents. He found Somerled ready for him with 80 sail near Ardnamurchan. Here a great battle was fought on the night of the Epiphany, 6th January 1156. There was much slaught er on both sides: Somerled seems to have been victorious. A treaty was drawn up by which the Hebrides (Sudreys) were divided between the rival protagonists. King Godred retained the island of Man and all the Sudreys north of Ardnamurchan. The Hebridean islands, south of this point fell to Dugall, son of Somerled. This arrangement did not bring peace. We find Somerled invading Man and driving Godred from his throne. The latter however made his way to Norway, where he received sufficient assistance to recover his territories. Godred reigned 33 years and died in 1187. He married Phingola (Fionaghuala), daughter of MacLochlan, son of Muircheartach, King of Ireland, with issue, one son, Olaf the Black. Cardinal Vivian, a Papal Legate visited the Isles about this time and insisted that Fionaghuala was Godred's legally married wife. This suggests that Godred had previously had a handfast marriage, for he had two illegitimate sons, Reginald and Ivar, who were older than Olaf." !BIOGRAPHY: Alick Morrison, THE CHIEFS OF CLAN MACLEOD, East Kilbride, Scotland, Associate Clan MacLeod Societies,1986, pp. 17-18.
  
  === Once he was recognized as king of the Is ===
  Once he was recognized as king of the Isles, he decided to stamp home his authority by conquering the kingdom of Dublin. In raising his men he made promises to the various island chiefs upon which he subsequently reneged, so that although he was successful in his expedition to Ireland (he established an overlordship of Dublin) he was soon to lose that and much else. He was rapidly recognized as a despot and received little fealty from his chiefs. By 1164, Godred retained rule over only Man and the Outer Hebrides. He ruled for a further twenty-three years in Man, and was slightly less the despot than his nickname implies.
  
  === !GENERAL:Pedigree Resource File CD 4, Pe ===
  !GENERAL:Pedigree Resource File CD 4, Pedigree Resource File CD 4, (Salt Lake City, UT: Intellectual Reserve, Inc., 1999) !GENERAL:Ancestral File (TM), Ancestral File (TM), The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998 Repository: Family History Library 35 N West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA !GENERAL:Ancestral File (TM), Ancestral File (TM), The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998 Repository: Family History Library 35 N West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
  
  === : NAME Gudrod /OLAFSSON KING OF MAN/ !: ===
  : NAME Gudrod /OLAFSSON KING OF MAN/ !: SOUR AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints TITL Ancestral File(TM) PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998 REPO @R01@ : NAME Gudrod /OLAFSSON KING OF MAN/ !: SOUR AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints TITL Ancestral File(TM) PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998 REPO @R01@
  
  === Guðrøðr "the Black" Óláfsson, King of Ma ===
  Guðrøðr "the Black" Óláfsson, King of Man & the North Isles
  Also Known As:
  "Godfred", "Godfrey", "Gudrød", "Gudrod", "Olafsson", "Olofsson"
  Birthdate:
  circa 1124 (63)
  Birthplace:
  Isle of Man, England
  Death:
  circa November 10, 1187 (55-71)
  St Patrick's Isle, Isle of Man
  Place of Burial:
  Hebriderna, Iona, Scotland
  Immediate Family:
  Son of Olaf I "Morsel", King of Man & the Isles and Ingebjörg Hákonardóttir
  Husband of Finnguala mac Lochlainn
  Fiancé of N.N., Unknown Wife or Mistress of Gudrod the Black, Mistress
  Father of Ragnvald IV Gudrödsson, King of Mann and the Isles; Private; Olaf II "the Black", King of Isle of Man; Ivar Guðrøðarson and Affrica Guðrøðardóttir
  Brother of Ragnhildr Óláfsdóttir, of Man
  Half brother of Ingebjörn of Orkney
  Occupation:
  King of Man (as Gudrødr IV, 1153) and the North Isles (as Gudrødr II, 1153), King of Dublin 1187, Konge av Suderøyene Man, Konge på isle of Man 1153-1158 og 1164-1187, Konge, Kung, Isle of Man, 1153-1158 och 1164-1187
  
  === mathematical.com/olafsatterragnhild11117 ===
  mathematical.com/olafsatterragnhild11117.html
  
  === Godred the Black succeeded his father i ===
  Godred the Black succeeded his father in 1154. Godred was a tyrant. His oppression was such that his leading vassal Thorfinn, went to Somerled Macghillebrighde, the regulus of Argyle and Ochraidh's brother Reginald’s wife, and proposed that her son Dugall should be appointed King of Man and the Isles. Thereafter, Somerled and Thorfinn sailed to the Hebrides where they were joyfully received by most of the leading men. Paul Baalkeson hastened to Man to inform King Godred of what was happening. Godred now collected a fleet and sailed north to deal with the insurgents. He found Somerled ready for him with 80 ships near Ardnamurchan. Here a great battle was fought on the night of the Epiphany, 6th January 1156. There was a terrible slaughter on both sides, but Somerled seems to have been victorious. A treaty was drawn up by which the Hebrides were divided between the rival protagonists. King Godred retained the Isle of Man and all the Sudreys north of Ardnamurchan. The Hebridean islands, south of this point fell to Dugall, son of Somerled. This arrangement did not bring peace. Somerled invaded The Isle of Man and drove Godred from his throne. However, Godred latter made his way to Norway, where he received sufficient assistance to recover his territories. Godred reigned 33 years and died in 1187. Cardinal Vivian, a Papal Legate visited the Isles about this time and insisted that Fionaghuala was Godred's legally married wife. This suggests that Godred had previously had a handfast marriage, for he had two illegitimate sons, Reginald and Ivar, who were older than Olaf. [!Source: Jim Ayars, Association of Clan MacLeod Societies, Clan MacLeod Society, (Published on the internet), "Electronic."]
  
  === Gudrø II Olafsen, King of Man and the Is ===
  Gudrø II Olafsen, King of Man and the Isles was born 1127 in Isle of Man. He died 1187 in Suderøyene. Gudrød married Finola Mac Lochlainn. Son of Olaf I, after taking up the throne in Man, Godrød dealt with his father's murderers and then he died in Man in 1187. His body was carried the next year to Iona.
  
  === Gudrød II Olofsson, King of Man and the ===
  Gudrød II Olofsson, King of Man and the Isles was born 1127 in Isle of Man. He died 1187 in Sudeøyene.Son of Olaf I, after taking up the throne in Man, Godrødd dealt with his father's murderers and then set sail for Dublin. He had been offered the throne of the Scandanavian Kingdom there. He died in Man in 1187. His body was carried the next year to Iona.
  
  === Kung av Söderöarna, Isle of Man ===
  Kung av Söderöarna, Isle of Man
  
  === !#189-v5-p29; ===
  !#189-v5-p29;

• m. BET 1176 AND 1177

1. Affrica Guðrøðardóttir, b. 1165 in Isle of Man, England     d. 1219 in Strangford, Down, Ireland

1. Title: Pedigree of Reginald, King of Man, in Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pg. 467 [See document in the Memories section]
   Author: Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pg. 467
   Note: Pedigree of Reginald, King of Man, in Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pg. 467 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Pedigree of Reginald, King of Man, in Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pg. 467 [See document in the Memories section]
   
2. Title: Godred Croven in the History of the Macdonalds and Lords of the Isles, pgs. 2, 3, 19, 29, 30 [See document in the Memories section]
   Author: History of the Macdonalds and Lords of the Isles, pgs. 2, 3, 19, 29, 30
   Note: Godred Croven in the History of the Macdonalds and Lords of the Isles, pgs. 2, 3, 19, 29, 30 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Godred Croven in the History of the Macdonalds and Lords of the Isles, pgs. 2, 3, 19, 29, 30 [See document in the Memories section]
   
3. Title: Pedigree of Godred Croven and family, Kings of Man, in Wikipedia ~https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crovan_dynasty [See document in the Memories section]
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crovan_dynasty;
   Note: Pedigree of Godred Croven and family, Kings of Man, in Wikipedia ~https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crovan_dynasty [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Pedigree of Godred Croven and family, Kings of Man, in Wikipedia ~https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crovan_dynasty [See document in the Memories section]
   
4. Title: Godred the Black, King of Man, in Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pgs. 137, 225-26, 230, 239, 246, 258-59, 273, 296-97, 313 [See document in the Memories section]
   Author: Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pgs. 137, 225-26, 230, 239, 246, 258-59, 273, 296-97, 313
   Note: Godred the Black, King of Man, in Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pgs. 137, 225-26, 230, 239, 246, 258-59, 273, 296-97, 313 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Godred the Black, King of Man, in Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pgs. 137, 225-26, 230, 239, 246, 258-59, 273, 296-97, 313 [See document in the Memories section]
   
5. Title: Godred, Olaf's son, King of Man, in Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers, pg. 245 [See document in the Memories section]
   Author: Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers, pg. 245
   Note: Godred, Olaf's son, King of Man, in Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers, pg. 245 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Godred, Olaf's son, King of Man, in Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers, pg. 245 [See document in the Memories section]
   
6. Title: Reginald, King of Man, in Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pgs. 313-14, 364-65, 391, 439, 455-60, 465-66 [See document in the Memories section]
   Author: Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pgs. 313-14, 364-65, 391, 439, 455-60, 465-66
   Note: Reginald, King of Man, in Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pgs. 313-14, 364-65, 391, 439, 455-60, 465-66 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Reginald, King of Man, in Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pgs. 313-14, 364-65, 391, 439, 455-60, 465-66 [See document in the Memories section]
   
7. Title: Pedigree in the Kings of Man, pgs. 10, 11, 13, 16, 20, 21, 22 [See document in the Memories section]
   Author: Kings of Man, pgs. 10, 11, 13, 16, 20, 21, 22
   Note: Pedigree in the Kings of Man, pgs. 10, 11, 13, 16, 20, 21, 22 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Pedigree in the Kings of Man, pgs. 10, 11, 13, 16, 20, 21, 22 [See document in the Memories section]
   
8. Title: Wikipedia - Gudrodr Olafsson
   Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guðrøðr_Óláfsson;
   
9. Title: KINGS of the ISLE of MAN in the Foundation for Medieval Geneology ~http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTTISH%20NOBILITY.htm#OlavMandied1142A [See document in the Memories section]
   Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTTISH%20NOBILITY.htm#OlavMandied1142A;
   Note: KINGS of the ISLE of MAN in the Foundation for Medieval Geneology ~http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTTISH%20NOBILITY.htm#OlavMandied1142A [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: KINGS of the ISLE of MAN in the Foundation for Medieval Geneology ~http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTTISH%20NOBILITY.htm#OlavMandied1142A [See document in the Memories section]
   
10. Title: Olaf and Godred, Kings of Man, in The Scots Peerage, Vol. 5, pg. 29 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: The Scots Peerage, Vol. 5, pg. 29
    Note: Olaf and Godred, Kings of Man, in The Scots Peerage, Vol. 5, pg. 29 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Olaf and Godred, Kings of Man, in The Scots Peerage, Vol. 5, pg. 29 [See document in the Memories section]
    
11. Title: Geni
    Publication: Name: https://www.geni.com/people/Gudrod-the-Black-King-of-Man-the-North-Isles/6000000002076169166;
    
12. Title: Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pgs. 96, 97, 98, 100, 134, 137, 204, 225, 226, 228
    Author: Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pgs. 96, 97, 98, 100, 134, 137, 204, 225, 226, 228
    Note: Olaf the Red, King of Man, in Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pgs. 96, 97, 98, 100, 134, 137, 204, 225, 226, 228 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Olaf the Red, King of Man, in Early Sources of Scottish History, Vol. 2, pgs. 96, 97, 98, 100, 134, 137, 204, 225, 226, 228 [See document in the Memories section]