Leofric Earl of Mercia III

• Preferred Name: Leofric Earl of Mercia III^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68] [69] [70] [71] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [81] [82]}
  
• Gender: M
  
• Occupation: Lord of Coventry Earl of Mercia
  
• He+and+his+wife+founded+the+abbey+of+Coventry.: 1043 with note: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: LEOFRIC, son of LEOFWINE Ealdorman [of the Hwicce] in Mercia & his wife
  
• Birth: 14 MAY 968 in Mercia, England at LATI: N2.4379 LONG: E1.6496
  
• FSID: 9Z85-42P
  
• Death: 31 AUG 1057 in Kings Bromley, Staffordshire, England at LATI: N2.749 LONG: E1.821
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Earl of Mercia
  
• Burial: in Benedictine Monastery, Coventry, Warwickshire, England
  
• NFS ID: with note: Description: M819-8DB NFS
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: King Canute appointed him as Ealdorman [Earl] of Mercia after his brother Northman was killed.1017 with note: -- "Warwick castle and its earls : from Saxon times to the present day," by Frances Evelyn Maynard Greville, Countess of Warwick, 1861-1938 -- Wikiwand: Leofric, Earl of Mercia
  
• http://familysearch.org/v1/TitleOfNobility: Lord of Coventry
  
• Notes:

  === Life Sketch ===
  Leofric (died 31 August or 30 September 1057) was an Earl of Mercia. He founded monasteries at Coventry and Much Wenlock. He is most remembered as the husband of Lady Godiva.
  
  Leofric was the son of Leofwine, Ealdorman of the Hwicce,who witnessed a charter in 997 for King Æthelred II. Leofric had three brothers: Northman, Edwin and Godwine. It is likely that Northman is the same as Northman Miles ("Northman the knight") to whom King Æthelred II granted the village of Twywell in Northamptonshire in 1013. Northman, according to the Chronicle of Crowland Abbey, the reliability of which is often doubted by historians, says he was a retainer (knight) of Eadric Streona, the Earl of Mercia. It adds that Northman had been killed upon Cnut's orders along with Eadric and others for this reason. Cnut "made Leofric ealdorman in place of his brother Northman, and afterwards held him in great affection."
  
  Becoming Earl of Mercia, which occurred at some date previous to 1032, made him one of the most powerful men in the land, second only to the ambitious Earl Godwin of Wessex, among the mighty earls. Leofric may have had some connection by marriage to Ælfgifu of Northampton, the first wife of Cnut, which might help to explain why he was the chief supporter of her son Harold Harefoot against Harthacnut, Cnut's son by Emma of Normandy, when Cnut died in 1035. However, Harold died in 1040 and was succeeded by his brother Harthacnut, who made himself unpopular by implementing heavy taxation during his short reign. Two of his tax-collectors were killed at Worcester by angry locals. The king was so enraged by this that in 1041 he ordered Leofric and his other earls to plunder and burn the city, and lay waste to the surrounding area. This command must have sorely tested Leofric, since Worcester was the cathedral city of the Hwicce, his people.
  
  When Harthacnut died suddenly in 1042, he was succeeded by his half-brother Edward the Confessor. Leofric loyally supported Edward when Edward came under threat at Gloucester, from Earl Godwin, in 1051. Leofric and Earl Siward of Northumbria gathered a great army to meet that of Godwin. His advisors counseled Edward that battle would be folly, since there would be important members of the nobility on both sides; the loss of these men, should many die in battle, would leave England open to its enemies. So in the end the issue was resolved by less bloody means: in accordance with Leofric's advice the settlement of the dispute was referred to the Witenagemot, and Earl Godwin and his family were outlawed for a time. Earl Leofric's power was then at its height. But in 1055 Leofric's own son Ælfgar was outlawed, "without any fault," says the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle." Ælfgar raised an army in Ireland and Wales and brought it to Hereford, where he clashed with the army of Earl Ralph of Herefordshire and severely damaged the town. The "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle" wryly comments, "And then when they had done most harm, it was decided to reinstate Earl Ælfgar."
  
  Leofric died in 1057 at his estate at Kings Bromley in Staffordshire. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, he died on 30 September, but the chronicler of Worcester gives the date as 31 August. Both agree that he was buried in Coventry at St Mary's Priory and Cathedral. Leofric was succeeded by his son Ælfgar as earl.
  
  Earl Leofric and Godiva were noted for great generosity to religious houses. In 1043 he founded and endowed a Benedictine monastery at Coventry. John of Worcester tells us that "He and his wife, the noble Countess Godgifu, a worshipper of God and devout lover of St Mary ever-virgin, built the monastery there from the foundations out of their own patrimony, and endowed it adequately with lands and made it so rich in various ornaments that in no monastery in England might be found the abundance of gold, silver, gems and precious stones that was at that time in its possession."
  
  In the 1050s Leofric and Godiva appear jointly as benefactors in a document granting land to the monastery of St Mary, Worcester, and the endowment of the minster at Stow St Mary, Lincolnshire. They are commemorated as benefactors of other monasteries as well, at Leominster, Chester, Much Wenlock, and Evesham.
  
  Apart from Northman, killed in 1017, Leofric had at least two other brothers: Edwin was killed in battle by Gruffydd ap Llywelyn in 1039, and Godwine died some time before 1057.
  
  Leofric may have married more than once. His famous wife Godiva survived him and may have been a second or later wife. Since there is some question about the date of marriage for Leofric and Godgifu (Godiva), it is not clear whether she was the mother of Ælfgar, Leofric's only known child. If Godiva was married to Earl Leofric later than about 1010, she could not have been the mother of Ælfgar.
  
  Leofric used a double-headed eagle as his personal emblem, and this has been adopted by various units of the British Army as a symbol for Mercia.
  
  Historians disagree extensively on the character of Leofric. Folklore tends to depict him as an unfeeling overlord who imposed over-taxation, whereas many historians object to this, and consider it as part of the Lady Godiva myth; they suggest that he was a strong and respected leader. There is also great disagreement over his reputation as a military leader: some historians believe Leofric to have been weak in this respect, but others go as far as to give him the title "Hammer of the Welsh."
  
  A prose account of Leofric's life, entitled "Visio Leofrici" or the "Vision of Leofric," was written in Old English, surviving in MS Corpus Christi College, Cambridge (CCCC) 367. It is split into four episodes, each of which depict one of Leofric's miraculous visions. The last of these four has been noted for its similarities to the account of Leofric's vision in Osbert's later account of the life of Edward the Confessor.
  
  On screen, Leofric was portrayed by Roy Travers in the British silent short "Lady Godiva: (1928), George Nader in the film "Lady Godiva of Coventry" (1955), and Tony Steedman in the BBC TV series "Hereward the Wake" (1965). He also may have inspired "The Last Kingdom" character, "Leofric" played by Adrian Bower in the BBC series.
  
  -- Wikiwand: Leofric, Earl of Mercia
  
  Leofric, Earl of Mercia (955 - 1057)
  Leofric, Earl of Mercia
  
  Leofric (b 968, d 31 Aug or 30 Sep 1057) Earl of Mercia
  
  MEDIEVAL LANDS
  
  LEOFRIC, son of LEOFWINE Ealdorman of the Hwicce in Mercia (-Bromley 30 Oct 1057, bur Coventry[222]).
  
  Granddad 26 times
  My 26 great grandparents
  
  BIO
  BIO: Earl of Mercia
  
  ** from http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20AngloSaxon%20nobility.htm#Leofricdied1057B as of 3/12/2016
  
  LEOFRIC, son of LEOFWINE Ealdorman [of the Hwicce] in Mercia & his
  
  === Source: A Saxon Tapestry by Sile Rice. R ===
  Source: A Saxon Tapestry by Sile Rice. Rice: Dudda the thane of Coventry.
  
  === Alternative death date ===
  different sources, says 31 August 1057
  
  === Leofric (b. abt May 14, 968 - died Augus ===
  Leofric (died August 31, 1057, or October 1057 at his villa at Bromleage (Bromley in Staffordshire) [1], bur Coventry) was the Earl of Mercia, who, in 1043, founded monasteries at Coventry and Much Wenlock. He was elevated to Earl (a title and position new to the English, replacing and expanding the Anglo-Saxon ealdorman) in 1017 by King Canute, after his elder brother Northfast, ealdorman of Mercia had been murdered (as was earl Uchtred in Northumbria). Leofric's father Leofwine was also apparently ealdorman of Mercia, and thus Leofric came from a prominent Anglo-Saxon family, although not descended from royalty.
  
  Leofric is best remembered as the husband of Godiva, who is said to have ridden through the streets of Coventry naked, in order to persuade her husband to reduce the burden of taxes placed on their subjects by order of King Harthacanute. He is also known for having harried and devastated Worcester (together with Earl Godwin) at the orders of the same king.
  
  Leofric's son Alfgar, Earl Of Mercia, succeeded him, and died 1062 leaving issue, two sons - Edwin, Morcar, and Aldgyth, wife successively of a Welsh prince and the last recognized Anglo-Saxon English king Harold Godwinson. It is unclear whether Alfgar was by his wife Godiva, or by an earlier marriage.
  
  Leofric appears to have married more than once. It appears, based on the ages of his son's children (who were in their twenties in 1066), that Alfgar was a son by a first or second marriage. His famous wife Godiva (Godgifu) appears to have been a later wife, a relatively young widow whom he married in 1040, and who was still alive in 1086. The names of Earl Leofric's other children are not known, but it appears that he was not the father of Hereward the Wake (whose father appears to have been a lesser thegn).
  
  Unfortunately, although Earl Leofric's dates of birth and death have been well-attested, that of his wife and widow Godgifu (alias Godiva) have not. There is much debate as to whether she was his first and only wife, his wife of later age, whether she was the mother of his only known son and heir Earl Alfgar, whether she survived him by nearly ten years (dying in 1067) or by nearly three decades (dying in or after 1085).
  
  === "Leofric, died Bromley, Co. Stafford, 31 ===
  "Leofric, died Bromley, Co. Stafford, 31 Auf 1057, founder of the churchof Coventry, seen as thegn from 1005, "dux" from 1026, Earl of Mercia by1032; married probably by 1030 (pos. as her 2nd husband) Godgifu ( orGodiva), born prob ca. 1010, sister of Thorold of Buckingham, sheriff ofLincolnshire. Godgifu's ancestry is uncertain, but she was evidently ofan old, noble family. She is the "Lady Godiva" of legend." Ancestral Roots page 151.
  
  === Godwin is the brother of Leofric III, ou ===
  Godwin is the brother of Leofric III, our ancestor (husband of Lady Godiva).
  
  === Houses of Benedictine monks: The priory of Spalding ===
  http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lincs/vol2/pp118-124
  
  === Earl of Mercia. A member of a prominen ===
  Earl of Mercia. A member of a prominent English family, he succeeded his father Leofwine as Earl of Mercia and beame one of the most powerfula men in the kingdom under King Cnut. htereafter he was at the forefront of English politics, favouring Harold I Harefoot against Harthacnut in 1037 and at times counter-balancing Godwine under Edward the Confessor. He and his wife Godgifu, aka Lady Godiva, were generous benefactors of the church. Source: Who's Who in British History. Collins & Brown. London. 2000.
  
  === BIOGRAPHY: His parentage is somewhat unc ===
  BIOGRAPHY: His parentage is somewhat uncertain.
  
  === !Leofric received a grant of land at Cla ===
  !Leofric received a grant of land at Claybrook, Lincolnshire, and was a Shire- reeve. No date or place of death has been found.
  
  === !"Leofric III was created earl at the de ===
  !"Leofric III was created earl at the death of his father, as his brother Northman had already been slain by Cnut's orders in 1017. At the time the earldom was a little less than the earlier kingdom. His chief residence was in Chester and he was sometimes called Earl of Chester. He married the famous Lady Godiva. Legend says that she made the famous ride through Coventry because of a deal she made with her husband, the Earl. She had requested money from him for a monastery. Leofric said he would give her the money if she rode nude through the streets of the town on a white horse, thinking that she would not do it. The townspeople agreed to stay in their homes on the day of the ride. One man looked, and because of that he was blinded. The man's name was Tom, and thus the origin of the expression 'Peeping Tom.' Leofric died at his house at Bromley, Staffordshire, on August 31, 1057 at a good old age, and was buried in the monastery which his wife had built at Coventry." (Quoted from notes posted by Adrian Bangerter at Winder 2000 reunion) Aristocratic & Royal Ancestors GS 929.242 H249t p. 525.
  
  === vol 3, pg 757 Burkes Commoners vol 1, pg ===
  vol 3, pg 757 Burkes Commoners vol 1, pg 49, Ormerod's "History of Cheshire"
  
  === Came with William the Conqueror. In 109 ===
  Came with William the Conqueror. In 1092 (shortly before his death)William II Rufus drove the Scots from the Lake District and gaveKendal to Ivo de Taillebois, whose descendants maintained an interestin the town until the nineteenth century.
  
  No published source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. WorldConnect/rootsweb was the source of Gatinais/Anjou as parents, and Ihave seen references in soc.genealogy.medieval as "of Anjou" whichfits with his mother. The book "Origins of Some Anglo-NormanFamilies" does give a reliable account of his origins in Cristot,Calvados,Normandy, although that is not where he was necessarily born,and he may have held other lands than just Cristot.
  
  ----------------------------------------------
  
  The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann AT yahoo.com:
  
  Not much to hang your hat on, but...
  
  Ivo de Talboys. Also called 'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In charge ofsiege of Hereward the Wake at Ely, 1069. Steward to William II.Holdings in Lincs. and Norfolk.
  [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index.html]
  
  The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Taillebois and asWilliam was governor of Lancaster Castle assumed the name accordingly.[Stemma Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex registro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii553) Ivo is stated to have had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, thefather of Gilbert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married GundredaCountess of Warwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of variousproperty to the Abbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Bevan 21 Oct 2001citing The Topographer and Genealogist 1846 p15] note: "is stated" isusually a subtle reference to a difference of opinion amongstscholars... Curt
  
  Regards,
  Curt
  IVES TAILLEBOIS - Spalding, Lincolnshire. In Spalding (Spaldinge)Ivo(Tailbois) had 4 ploughs in lordship; 40 villagers and 33smallholders who have 13 ploughs. A market, 40s; 6 fisheries, 30s fromsalt -houses, 30s; a wood of alders, 8s. Value before 1066 23 pounds 2s.8d. ; now 30 pounds, Exactions 30 pounds.[3105393.ged]
  
  asa abt 1114
  Marriage 1 **Lucy Beatrice Malet b: ABT 1039 in France
  Children
  1. **Lucia Taillebois b: ABT 1074 in Mercia, England
  2. **Aelfred "the Englishman" de Taillebois b: 1045 in Anjou, F rance
  
  Marriage 2 **Lucia of Chester b: ABT 1058 in Chester, England
  Children
  1. **Eldred de Lancaster b: 1056 in Workington, Coupland, Engla nd
  2. **William de Taillebois b: 1075 in Lancaster, England
  
  ANCESTORS OF RICHARD RATCLIFF OF LANCASHIRE, ENGLAND
  AND TALBOT COUNTY, MARYLAND
  Addendum to Clarence Ratcliff's genealogy by Donald Ratcliff
  
  Dr. A. Wayne Ratcliff, M.D. (50 N. Liberty Street #1, Delaware, OH43015) has extended the Ratcliff line backwards to the earliest knownancestor, Ivo de Tailbois. He spent eleven years, made two trips toEngland, and hired a professional genealogiest to secure thisinformation. Most of this information is taken from The Book of theRatcliffs, while generations 17-21 were taken from wills located atthe courthouse in Preston, Lancashire.
  Came with William the Conqueror.
  
  No source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo.
  
  ----------------------------------------------
  The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to theconquest:
  
  Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles.
  
  A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mentions a copy ofthe grant of the church and patronage of Cristot by Ives Taillebois tothe abbey. An account of Cristot is given in Beziers, "Diocese deBayeux, vol ii, p. 192. [Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families]
  
  Came with William the Conqueror. In 1092 (shortly before his death)William II Rufus drove the Scots from the Lake District and gaveKendal to Ivo de Taillebois, whose descendants maintained an interestin the town until the nineteenth century.
  
  No published source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. WorldConnect/rootsweb was the source of Gatinais/Anjou as parents, and Ihave seen references in soc.genealogy.medieval as "of Anjou" whichfits with his mother. The book "Origins of Some Anglo-NormanFamilies" does give a reliable account of his origins in Cristot,Calvados,Normandy, although that is not where he was necessarily born,and he may have held other lands than just Cristot.
  
  ----------------------------------------------
  
  The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann AT yahoo.com:
  
  Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also called'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In charge of siege of Hereward the Wake atEly, 1069. Steward to William II. Holdings in Lincs. and Norfolk.
  [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index.html]
  
  The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Taillebois and asWilliam was governor of Lancaster Castle assumed the name accordingly.[Stemma Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex registro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii553) Ivo is stated to have had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, thefather of Gilbert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married GundredaCountess of Warwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of variousproperty to the Abbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Bevan 21 Oct 2001citing The Topographer and Genealogist 1846 p15] note: "is stated" isusually a subtle reference to a difference of opinion amongstscholars... Curt
  
  Regards,
  Curt
  
  === {Ref. "Falaise Roll...," M. Jackson Cris ===
  {Ref. "Falaise Roll...," M. Jackson Crispin & Leonce Macary (London: Butler & Tanner, 1938, Table XIII).} Leofric founded the Church of Coventry and was regarded "thegn" (Thane) from 1005 and "dux" (Duke) from 1026; Earl of Mercia by 1032. He was "very old" at death. He was fourth child of his parents.
  
  === Godwin, fourth son of Leofwin and Alwar ===
  Godwin, fourth son of Leofwin and Alwara, had issue, Wolfr ic, Godric, Egelric, and Egelwyn. !GENERAL:GEDCOM file imported on 24 Mar 2003., GEDCOM fil e imported on 24 Mar 2003.
  
  === !DEATH: Ancestral Roots of Certain Ameri ===
  !DEATH: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700. by Frederick Lewis Weis. Seventh Edition. Page 151
  
  === Came with William the Conqueror. No sou ===
  Came with William the Conqueror. No source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. ---------------------------------------------- The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to t he conquest: Taillebois. Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles. A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mention s a copy of the grant of the church and patronage of Cristo t by Ives Taillebois to the abbey. An account of Cristot i s given in Beziers, "Diocese de Bayeux, vol ii, p. 192. [O rigins of Some Anglo-Norman Families] ----------------------------------------------- The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-e m by Curt Hofemann, curt_hofemann@yahoo.com: Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also called 'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In ch arge of siege of Hereward the Wake at Ely, 1069. Steward t o William II. Holdings in Lincs. and Norfolk. [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index. html] The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Tailleb ois and as William was governor of Lancaster Castle assume d the name accordingly. [Stemma Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex re gistro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii 553) Ivo is stated to hav e had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, the father of Gil bert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married Gundreda Counte ss of Warwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of variou s property to the Abbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Beva n 21 Oct 2001 citing The Topographer and Genealogist 1846 p 15] note: "is stated" is usually a subtle reference to a di fference of opinion amongst scholars... Curt Research note: "I can't imagine a circumstance under whic h a Norman named Ivo would have a son named Ealdred. In fa ct, I can't think of an early Norman that gave an English n ame to a son. Ivo de Taillebois seems a favorite hook on w hom to hang various people of obscure origin". [Ref: TAF 2 1 Oct 2001] note: though I very much respect his opinion " I can't imagine" & "I can't think of" r eveals a prejudice u nworthy of TAF. There are medieval parents who gave thei r children given names that did not exist in their own ance stry & in this instance how better to "fit in" with your co nquered subjects than to give your child (who will inherit ) a name that his subjects can historically relate to - pro sopography has its limits - my humble opinion only... Curt Regards, Curt !GENERAL:GEDCOM file imported on 24 Mar 2003., GEDCOM fil e imported on 24 Mar 2003.
  
  === III ===
  III
  
  === 3rd E. of Mercia ===
  3rd E. of Mercia
  
  ===
  !From a Howard Family history prepared ===
  
  !From a Howard Family history prepared by Gary Howard, 2001. The Enclyclopedia Britannica states his title was Earl of Mercia.
  
  === !Leofric, of White Church, was slain in ===
  !Leofric, of White Church, was slain in a battle with Danes at Alton in 1001, when his elder brother, Leofwine, lost his life. We might not have known that he was married and had a son, except that in 1007, six years later, a grant of land was given by King Aethelred to Leofric, at White Church, Oxfordshire.
  
  === The following concerns Ives origins in N ===
  The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to the conquest: Taillebois. Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles. A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mentions a copy of thegrant of the church and patronage of Cristot by Ives Taillebois to theabbey. An account of Cristot is given in Beziers, "Diocese de Bayeux, volii, p. 192. [Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families] ----------------------------------------------- The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann@yahoo.com: Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also called 'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In charge of siegeof Hereward the Wake at Ely, 1069. Steward to William II. Holdings inLincs. and Norfolk. [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index.html] The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Taillebois and asWilliam was governor of Lancaster Castle assumed the name accordingly.[Stemma Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex registro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii 553)Ivo is stated to have had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, the fatherof Gilbert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married Gundreda Countess ofWarwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of various property to theAbbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Bevan 21 Oct 2001 citing TheTopographer and Genealogist 1846 p15] note: "is stated" is usually asubtle reference to a difference of opinion amongst scholars... Curt Research note: "I can't imagine a circumstance under which a Norman namedIvo would have a son named Ealdred. In fact, I can't think of an earlyNorman that gave an English name to a son. Ivo de Taillebois seems afavorite hook on whom to hang various people of obscure origin". [Ref:TAF 21 Oct 2001] note: though I very much respect his opinion "I can'timagine" & "I can't think of" reveals a prejudice unworthy of TAF. Thereare medieval parents who gave their children given names that did notexist in their own ancestry & in this instance how better to "fit in" with your conquered subjects than to give your child (who will inherit) aname that his subjects can historically relate to - prosopography has itslimits - my humble opinion only... Curt Regards, Curt[jweberJ6STR.ged] Came with William the Conqueror. No source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. ---------------------------------------------- The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to the conquest: Taillebois. Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles. A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mentions a copy of thegrant of the church and patronage of Cristot by Ives Taillebois to theabbey. An account of Cristot is given in Beziers, "Diocese de Bayeux, volii, p. 192. [Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families] ----------------------------------------------- The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann@yahoo.com: Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also called 'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In charge of siegeof Hereward the Wake at Ely, 1069. Steward to William II. Holdings inLincs. and Norfolk. [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index.html] The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Taillebois and asWilliam was governor of Lancaster Castle assumed the name accordingly.[Stemma Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex registro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii 553)Ivo is stated to have had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, the fatherof Gilbert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married Gundreda Countess ofWarwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of various property to theAbbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Bevan 21 Oct 2001 citing TheTopographer and Genealogist 1846 p15] note: "is stated" is usually asubtle reference to a difference of opinion amongst scholars... Curt Research note: "I can't imagine a circumstance under which a Norman namedIvo would have a son named Ealdred. In fact, I can't think of an earlyNorman that gave an English name to a son. Ivo de Taillebois seems afav orite hook on whom to hang various people of obscure origin". [Ref:TAF 21 Oct 2001] note: though I very much respect his opinion "I can'timagine" & "I can't think of" reveals a prejudice unworthy of TAF. Thereare medieval parents who gave their children given names that did notexist in their own ancestry & in this instance how better to "fit in"with your conquered subjects than to give your child (who will inherit) aname that his subjects can historically relate to - prosopography has itslimits - my humble opinion only... Curt Regards, Curt[jweberHUNT.ged] Came with William the Conqueror. No source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. ---------------------------------------------- The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to the conquest: Taillebois. Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles. A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mentions a copy of thegrant of the church and patronage of Cristot by Ives Taillebois to theabbey. An account of Cristot is given in Beziers, "Diocese de Bayeux, volii, p. 192. [Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families] ----------------------------------------------- The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann@yahoo.com: Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also called 'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In charge of siegeof Hereward the Wake at Ely, 1069. Steward to William II. Holdings inLincs. and Norfolk. [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index.html] The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Taillebois and asWilliam was governor of Lancaster Castle assumed the name accordingly.[Stemma Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex registro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii 553)Ivo is stated to have had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, the fatherof Gilbert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married Gundreda Countess ofWarwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of various property to theAbbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Bevan 21 Oct 2001 citing TheTopog rapher and Genealogist 1846 p15] note: "is stated" is usually asubtle reference to a difference of opinion amongst scholars... Curt Research note: "I can't imagine a circumstance under which a Norman namedIvo would have a son named Ealdred. In fact, I can't think of an earlyNorman that gave an English name to a son. Ivo de Taillebois seems afavorite hook on whom to hang various people of obscure origin". [Ref:TAF 21 Oct 2001] note: though I very much respect his opinion "I can'timagine" & "I can't think of" reveals a prejudice unworthy of TAF. Thereare medieval parents who gave their children given names that did notexist in their own ancestry & in this instance how better to "fit in"with your conquered subjects than to give your child (who will inherit) aname that his subjects can historically relate to - prosopography has itslimits - my humble opinion only... Curt Regards, Curt[jweberALAN.ged] Came with William the Conqueror. No source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. ---------------------------------------------- The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to the conquest: Taillebois. Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles. A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mentions a copy of thegrant of the church and patronage of Cristot by Ives Taillebois to theabbey. An account of Cristot is given in Beziers, "Diocese de Bayeux, volii, p. 192. [Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families] ----------------------------------------------- The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann@yahoo.com: Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also called 'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In charge of siegeof Hereward the Wake at Ely, 1069. Steward to William II. Holdings inLincs. and Norfolk. [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index.html] The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Taillebois and asWilliam was governor of Lancaster Castle assumed the name accordingly.[Stemm a Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex registro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii 553)Ivo is stated to have had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, the fatherof Gilbert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married Gundreda Countess ofWarwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of various property to theAbbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Bevan 21 Oct 2001 citing TheTopographer and Genealogist 1846 p15] note: "is stated" is usually asubtle reference to a difference of opinion amongst scholars... Curt Research note: "I can't imagine a circumstance under which a Norman namedIvo would have a son named Ealdred. In fact, I can't think of an earlyNorman that gave an English name to a son. Ivo de Taillebois seems afavorite hook on whom to hang various people of obscure origin". [Ref:TAF 21 Oct 2001] note: though I very much respect his opinion "I can'timagine" & "I can't think of" reveals a prejudice unworthy of TAF. Thereare medieval parents who gave their children given names that did notexist in their own ancestry & in this instance how better to "fit in"with your conquered subjects than to give your child (who will inherit) aname that his subjects can historically relate to - prosopography has itslimits - my humble opinion only... Curt Regards, Curt[jweberLACY.ged] Came with William the Conqueror. No source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. ---------------------------------------------- The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to the conquest: Taillebois. Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles. A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mentions a copy of thegrant of the church and patronage of Cristot by Ives Taillebois to theabbey. An account of Cristot is given in Beziers, "Diocese de Bayeux, volii, p. 192. [Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families] ----------------------------------------------- The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann@yahoo.com: Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also
  
  === Earl of Mercia. A member of a prominen ===
  Earl of Mercia. A member of a prominent English family, he succeeded his father Leofwine as Earl of Mercia and beame one of the most powerfula men in the kingdom under King Cnut. htereafter he was at the forefront of English politics, favouring Harold I Harefoot against Harthacnut in 1037 and at times counter-balancing Godwine under Edward the Confessor. He and his wife Godgifu were generous benefactors of the church. Source: Who's Who in British History. Collins & Brown. London. 2000.
  
  === Leofric was the founder of the church o ===
  Leofric was the founder of the church of Coventry. He was E arl of Mercia by 1032.
  
  === !Name,Bd,pla,parents,Bap,End-TIB FHL 884 ===
  !Name,Bd,pla,parents,Bap,End-TIB FHL 884548 Name,Spouse,MD,pla,SS-IGI,addendum
  === Life Sketch ===
  Leofric (died 31 August or 30 September 1057) was an Earl of Mercia. He founded monasteries at Coventry and Much Wenlock. He is most remembered as the husband of Lady Godiva.
  
  Leofric was the son of Leofwine, Ealdorman of the Hwicce,who witnessed a charter in 997 for King Æthelred II. Leofric had three brothers: Northman, Edwin and Godwine. It is likely that Northman is the same as Northman Miles ("Northman the knight") to whom King Æthelred II granted the village of Twywell in Northamptonshire in 1013. Northman, according to the Chronicle of Crowland Abbey, the reliability of which is often doubted by historians, says he was a retainer (knight) of Eadric Streona, the Earl of Mercia. It adds that Northman had been killed upon Cnut's orders along with Eadric and others for this reason. Cnut "made Leofric ealdorman in place of his brother Northman, and afterwards held him in great affection."
  
  Becoming Earl of Mercia, which occurred at some date previous to 1032, made him one of the most powerful men in the land, second only to the ambitious Earl Godwin of Wessex, among the mighty earls. Leofric may have had some connection by marriage to Ælfgifu of Northampton, the first wife of Cnut, which might help to explain why he was the chief supporter of her son Harold Harefoot against Harthacnut, Cnut's son by Emma of Normandy, when Cnut died in 1035. However, Harold died in 1040 and was succeeded by his brother Harthacnut, who made himself unpopular by implementing heavy taxation during his short reign. Two of his tax-collectors were killed at Worcester by angry locals. The king was so enraged by this that in 1041 he ordered Leofric and his other earls to plunder and burn the city, and lay waste to the surrounding area. This command must have sorely tested Leofric, since Worcester was the cathedral city of the Hwicce, his people.
  
  When Harthacnut died suddenly in 1042, he was succeeded by his half-brother Edward the Confessor. Leofric loyally supported Edward when Edward came under threat at Gloucester, from Earl Godwin, in 1051. Leofric and Earl Siward of Northumbria gathered a great army to meet that of Godwin. His advisors counseled Edward that battle would be folly, since there would be important members of the nobility on both sides; the loss of these men, should many die in battle, would leave England open to its enemies. So in the end the issue was resolved by less bloody means: in accordance with Leofric's advice the settlement of the dispute was referred to the Witenagemot, and Earl Godwin and his family were outlawed for a time. Earl Leofric's power was then at its height. But in 1055 Leofric's own son Ælfgar was outlawed, "without any fault," says the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle." Ælfgar raised an army in Ireland and Wales and brought it to Hereford, where he clashed with the army of Earl Ralph of Herefordshire and severely damaged the town. The "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle" wryly comments, "And then when they had done most harm, it was decided to reinstate Earl Ælfgar."
  
  Leofric died in 1057 at his estate at Kings Bromley in Staffordshire. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, he died on 30 September, but the chronicler of Worcester gives the date as 31 August. Both agree that he was buried in Coventry at St Mary's Priory and Cathedral. Leofric was succeeded by his son Ælfgar as earl.
  
  Earl Leofric and Godiva were noted for great generosity to religious houses. In 1043 he founded and endowed a Benedictine monastery at Coventry. John of Worcester tells us that "He and his wife, the noble Countess Godgifu, a worshipper of God and devout lover of St Mary ever-virgin, built the monastery there from the foundations out of their own patrimony, and endowed it adequately with lands and made it so rich in various ornaments that in no monastery in England might be found the abundance of gold, silver, gems and precious stones that was at that time in its possession."
  
  In the 1050s Leofric and Godiva appear jointly as benefactors in a document granting land to the monastery of St Mary, Worcester, and the endowment of the minster at Stow St Mary, Lincolnshire. They are commemorated as benefactors of other monasteries as well, at Leominster, Chester, Much Wenlock, and Evesham.
  
  Apart from Northman, killed in 1017, Leofric had at least two other brothers: Edwin was killed in battle by Gruffydd ap Llywelyn in 1039, and Godwine died some time before 1057.
  
  Leofric may have married more than once. His famous wife Godiva survived him and may have been a second or later wife. Since there is some question about the date of marriage for Leofric and Godgifu (Godiva), it is not clear whether she was the mother of Ælfgar, Leofric's only known child. If Godiva was married to Earl Leofric later than about 1010, she could not have been the mother of Ælfgar.
  
  Leofric used a double-headed eagle as his personal emblem, and this has been adopted by various units of the British Army as a symbol for Mercia.
  
  Historians disagree extensively on the character of Leofric. Folklore tends to depict him as an unfeeling overlord who imposed over-taxation, whereas many historians object to this, and consider it as part of the Lady Godiva myth; they suggest that he was a strong and respected leader. There is also great disagreement over his reputation as a military leader: some historians believe Leofric to have been weak in this respect, but others go as far as to give him the title "Hammer of the Welsh."
  
  A prose account of Leofric's life, entitled "Visio Leofrici" or the "Vision of Leofric," was written in Old English, surviving in MS Corpus Christi College, Cambridge (CCCC) 367. It is split into four episodes, each of which depict one of Leofric's miraculous visions. The last of these four has been noted for its similarities to the account of Leofric's vision in Osbert's later account of the life of Edward the Confessor.
  
  On screen, Leofric was portrayed by Roy Travers in the British silent short "Lady Godiva: (1928), George Nader in the film "Lady Godiva of Coventry" (1955), and Tony Steedman in the BBC TV series "Hereward the Wake" (1965). He also may have inspired "The Last Kingdom" character, "Leofric" played by Adrian Bower in the BBC series.
  
  -- Wikiwand: Leofric, Earl of Mercia
  
  Leofric, Earl of Mercia (955 - 1057)
  Leofric, Earl of Mercia
  
  Leofric (b 968, d 31 Aug or 30 Sep 1057) Earl of Mercia
  
  MEDIEVAL LANDS
  
  LEOFRIC, son of LEOFWINE Ealdorman of the Hwicce in Mercia (-Bromley 30 Oct 1057, bur Coventry[222]).
  
  Granddad 26 times
  My 26 great grandparents
  
  BIO
  BIO: Earl of Mercia
  
  ** from http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20AngloSaxon%20nobility.htm#Leofricdied1057B as of 3/12/2016
  
  LEOFRIC, son of LEOFWINE Ealdorman [of the Hwicce] in Mercia & his
  
  === Houses of Benedictine monks: The priory of Spalding ===
  http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lincs/vol2/pp118-124
  
  === !Name,Bd,pla,parents,Bap,End-TIB FHL 884 ===
  !Name,Bd,pla,parents,Bap,End-TIB FHL 884548 Name,Spouse,MD,pla,SS-IGI,addendum
  
  === Came with William the Conqueror. In 109 ===
  Came with William the Conqueror. In 1092 (shortly before his death)William II Rufus drove the Scots from the Lake District and gaveKendal to Ivo de Taillebois, whose descendants maintained an interestin the town until the nineteenth century.
  
  No published source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. WorldConnect/rootsweb was the source of Gatinais/Anjou as parents, and Ihave seen references in soc.genealogy.medieval as "of Anjou" whichfits with his mother. The book "Origins of Some Anglo-NormanFamilies" does give a reliable account of his origins in Cristot,Calvados,Normandy, although that is not where he was necessarily born,and he may have held other lands than just Cristot.
  
  ----------------------------------------------
  
  The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann AT yahoo.com:
  
  Not much to hang your hat on, but...
  
  Ivo de Talboys. Also called 'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In charge ofsiege of Hereward the Wake at Ely, 1069. Steward to William II.Holdings in Lincs. and Norfolk.
  [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index.html]
  
  The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Taillebois and asWilliam was governor of Lancaster Castle assumed the name accordingly.[Stemma Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex registro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii553) Ivo is stated to have had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, thefather of Gilbert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married GundredaCountess of Warwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of variousproperty to the Abbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Bevan 21 Oct 2001citing The Topographer and Genealogist 1846 p15] note: "is stated" isusually a subtle reference to a difference of opinion amongstscholars... Curt
  
  Regards,
  Curt
  IVES TAILLEBOIS - Spalding, Lincolnshire. In Spalding (Spaldinge)Ivo(Tailbois) had 4 ploughs in lordship; 40 villagers and 33smallholders who have 13 ploughs. A market, 40s; 6 fisheries, 30s fromsalt -houses, 30s; a wood of alders, 8s. Value before 1066 23 pounds 2s.8d. ; now 30 pounds, Exactions 30 pounds.[3105393.ged]
  
  asa abt 1114
  Marriage 1 **Lucy Beatrice Malet b: ABT 1039 in France
  Children
  1. **Lucia Taillebois b: ABT 1074 in Mercia, England
  2. **Aelfred "the Englishman" de Taillebois b: 1045 in Anjou, F rance
  
  Marriage 2 **Lucia of Chester b: ABT 1058 in Chester, England
  Children
  1. **Eldred de Lancaster b: 1056 in Workington, Coupland, Engla nd
  2. **William de Taillebois b: 1075 in Lancaster, England
  
  ANCESTORS OF RICHARD RATCLIFF OF LANCASHIRE, ENGLAND
  AND TALBOT COUNTY, MARYLAND
  Addendum to Clarence Ratcliff's genealogy by Donald Ratcliff
  
  Dr. A. Wayne Ratcliff, M.D. (50 N. Liberty Street #1, Delaware, OH43015) has extended the Ratcliff line backwards to the earliest knownancestor, Ivo de Tailbois. He spent eleven years, made two trips toEngland, and hired a professional genealogiest to secure thisinformation. Most of this information is taken from The Book of theRatcliffs, while generations 17-21 were taken from wills located atthe courthouse in Preston, Lancashire.
  Came with William the Conqueror.
  
  No source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo.
  
  ----------------------------------------------
  The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to theconquest:
  
  Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles.
  
  A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mentions a copy ofthe grant of the church and patronage of Cristot by Ives Taillebois tothe abbey. An account of Cristot is given in Beziers, "Diocese deBayeux, vol ii, p. 192. [Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families]
  
  Came with William the Conqueror. In 1092 (shortly before his death)William II Rufus drove the Scots from the Lake District and gaveKendal to Ivo de Taillebois, whose descendants maintained an interestin the town until the nineteenth century.
  
  No published source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. WorldConnect/rootsweb was the source of Gatinais/Anjou as parents, and Ihave seen references in soc.genealogy.medieval as "of Anjou" whichfits with his mother. The book "Origins of Some Anglo-NormanFamilies" does give a reliable account of his origins in Cristot,Calvados,Normandy, although that is not where he was necessarily born,and he may have held other lands than just Cristot.
  
  ----------------------------------------------
  
  The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann AT yahoo.com:
  
  Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also called'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In charge of siege of Hereward the Wake atEly, 1069. Steward to William II. Holdings in Lincs. and Norfolk.
  [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index.html]
  
  The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Taillebois and asWilliam was governor of Lancaster Castle assumed the name accordingly.[Stemma Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex registro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii553) Ivo is stated to have had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, thefather of Gilbert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married GundredaCountess of Warwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of variousproperty to the Abbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Bevan 21 Oct 2001citing The Topographer and Genealogist 1846 p15] note: "is stated" isusually a subtle reference to a difference of opinion amongstscholars... Curt
  
  Regards,
  Curt
  
  === Godwin, fourth son of Leofwin and Alwar ===
  Godwin, fourth son of Leofwin and Alwara, had issue, Wolfr ic, Godric, Egelric, and Egelwyn. !GENERAL:GEDCOM file imported on 24 Mar 2003., GEDCOM fil e imported on 24 Mar 2003.
  
  === !"Leofric III was created earl at the de ===
  !"Leofric III was created earl at the death of his father, as his brother Northman had already been slain by Cnut's orders in 1017. At the time the earldom was a little less than the earlier kingdom. His chief residence was in Chester and he was sometimes called Earl of Chester. He married the famous Lady Godiva. Legend says that she made the famous ride through Coventry because of a deal she made with her husband, the Earl. She had requested money from him for a monastery. Leofric said he would give her the money if she rode nude through the streets of the town on a white horse, thinking that she would not do it. The townspeople agreed to stay in their homes on the day of the ride. One man looked, and because of that he was blinded. The man's name was Tom, and thus the origin of the expression 'Peeping Tom.' Leofric died at his house at Bromley, Staffordshire, on August 31, 1057 at a good old age, and was buried in the monastery which his wife had built at Coventry." (Quoted from notes posted by Adrian Bangerter at Winder 2000 reunion) Aristocratic & Royal Ancestors GS 929.242 H249t p. 525.
  
  === BIOGRAPHY: His parentage is somewhat unc ===
  BIOGRAPHY: His parentage is somewhat uncertain.
  
  === vol 3, pg 757 Burkes Commoners vol 1, pg ===
  vol 3, pg 757 Burkes Commoners vol 1, pg 49, Ormerod's "History of Cheshire"
  
  === Earl of Mercia. A member of a prominen ===
  Earl of Mercia. A member of a prominent English family, he succeeded his father Leofwine as Earl of Mercia and beame one of the most powerfula men in the kingdom under King Cnut. htereafter he was at the forefront of English politics, favouring Harold I Harefoot against Harthacnut in 1037 and at times counter-balancing Godwine under Edward the Confessor. He and his wife Godgifu, aka Lady Godiva, were generous benefactors of the church. Source: Who's Who in British History. Collins & Brown. London. 2000.
  
  === !Leofric, of White Church, was slain in ===
  !Leofric, of White Church, was slain in a battle with Danes at Alton in 1001, when his elder brother, Leofwine, lost his life. We might not have known that he was married and had a son, except that in 1007, six years later, a grant of land was given by King Aethelred to Leofric, at White Church, Oxfordshire.
  
  === !DEATH: Ancestral Roots of Certain Ameri ===
  !DEATH: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700. by Frederick Lewis Weis. Seventh Edition. Page 151
  
  === "Leofric, died Bromley, Co. Stafford, 31 ===
  "Leofric, died Bromley, Co. Stafford, 31 Auf 1057, founder of the churchof Coventry, seen as thegn from 1005, "dux" from 1026, Earl of Mercia by1032; married probably by 1030 (pos. as her 2nd husband) Godgifu ( orGodiva), born prob ca. 1010, sister of Thorold of Buckingham, sheriff ofLincolnshire. Godgifu's ancestry is uncertain, but she was evidently ofan old, noble family. She is the "Lady Godiva" of legend." Ancestral Roots page 151.
  
  === III ===
  III
  
  === Alternative death date ===
  different sources, says 31 August 1057
  
  === Came with William the Conqueror. No sou ===
  Came with William the Conqueror. No source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. ---------------------------------------------- The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to t he conquest: Taillebois. Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles. A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mention s a copy of the grant of the church and patronage of Cristo t by Ives Taillebois to the abbey. An account of Cristot i s given in Beziers, "Diocese de Bayeux, vol ii, p. 192. [O rigins of Some Anglo-Norman Families] ----------------------------------------------- The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-e m by Curt Hofemann, curt_hofemann@yahoo.com: Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also called 'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In ch arge of siege of Hereward the Wake at Ely, 1069. Steward t o William II. Holdings in Lincs. and Norfolk. [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index. html] The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Tailleb ois and as William was governor of Lancaster Castle assume d the name accordingly. [Stemma Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex re gistro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii 553) Ivo is stated to hav e had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, the father of Gil bert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married Gundreda Counte ss of Warwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of variou s property to the Abbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Beva n 21 Oct 2001 citing The Topographer and Genealogist 1846 p 15] note: "is stated" is usually a subtle reference to a di fference of opinion amongst scholars... Curt Research note: "I can't imagine a circumstance under whic h a Norman named Ivo would have a son named Ealdred. In fa ct, I can't think of an early Norman that gave an English n ame to a son. Ivo de Taillebois seems a favorite hook on w hom to hang various people of obscure origin". [Ref: TAF 2 1 Oct 2001] note: though I very much respect his opinion " I can't imagine" & "I can't think of" r eveals a prejudice u nworthy of TAF. There are medieval parents who gave thei r children given names that did not exist in their own ance stry & in this instance how better to "fit in" with your co nquered subjects than to give your child (who will inherit ) a name that his subjects can historically relate to - pro sopography has its limits - my humble opinion only... Curt Regards, Curt !GENERAL:GEDCOM file imported on 24 Mar 2003., GEDCOM fil e imported on 24 Mar 2003.
  
  === Leofric (b. abt May 14, 968 - died Augus ===
  Leofric (died August 31, 1057, or October 1057 at his villa at Bromleage (Bromley in Staffordshire) [1], bur Coventry) was the Earl of Mercia, who, in 1043, founded monasteries at Coventry and Much Wenlock. He was elevated to Earl (a title and position new to the English, replacing and expanding the Anglo-Saxon ealdorman) in 1017 by King Canute, after his elder brother Northfast, ealdorman of Mercia had been murdered (as was earl Uchtred in Northumbria). Leofric's father Leofwine was also apparently ealdorman of Mercia, and thus Leofric came from a prominent Anglo-Saxon family, although not descended from royalty.
  
  Leofric is best remembered as the husband of Godiva, who is said to have ridden through the streets of Coventry naked, in order to persuade her husband to reduce the burden of taxes placed on their subjects by order of King Harthacanute. He is also known for having harried and devastated Worcester (together with Earl Godwin) at the orders of the same king.
  
  Leofric's son Alfgar, Earl Of Mercia, succeeded him, and died 1062 leaving issue, two sons - Edwin, Morcar, and Aldgyth, wife successively of a Welsh prince and the last recognized Anglo-Saxon English king Harold Godwinson. It is unclear whether Alfgar was by his wife Godiva, or by an earlier marriage.
  
  Leofric appears to have married more than once. It appears, based on the ages of his son's children (who were in their twenties in 1066), that Alfgar was a son by a first or second marriage. His famous wife Godiva (Godgifu) appears to have been a later wife, a relatively young widow whom he married in 1040, and who was still alive in 1086. The names of Earl Leofric's other children are not known, but it appears that he was not the father of Hereward the Wake (whose father appears to have been a lesser thegn).
  
  Unfortunately, although Earl Leofric's dates of birth and death have been well-attested, that of his wife and widow Godgifu (alias Godiva) have not. There is much debate as to whether she was his first and only wife, his wife of later age, whether she was the mother of his only known son and heir Earl Alfgar, whether she survived him by nearly ten years (dying in 1067) or by nearly three decades (dying in or after 1085).
  
  === 3rd E. of Mercia ===
  3rd E. of Mercia
  
  === The following concerns Ives origins in N ===
  The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to the conquest: Taillebois. Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles. A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mentions a copy of thegrant of the church and patronage of Cristot by Ives Taillebois to theabbey. An account of Cristot is given in Beziers, "Diocese de Bayeux, volii, p. 192. [Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families] ----------------------------------------------- The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann@yahoo.com: Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also called 'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In charge of siegeof Hereward the Wake at Ely, 1069. Steward to William II. Holdings inLincs. and Norfolk. [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index.html] The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Taillebois and asWilliam was governor of Lancaster Castle assumed the name accordingly.[Stemma Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex registro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii 553)Ivo is stated to have had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, the fatherof Gilbert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married Gundreda Countess ofWarwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of various property to theAbbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Bevan 21 Oct 2001 citing TheTopographer and Genealogist 1846 p15] note: "is stated" is usually asubtle reference to a difference of opinion amongst scholars... Curt Research note: "I can't imagine a circumstance under which a Norman namedIvo would have a son named Ealdred. In fact, I can't think of an earlyNorman that gave an English name to a son. Ivo de Taillebois seems afavorite hook on whom to hang various people of obscure origin". [Ref:TAF 21 Oct 2001] note: though I very much respect his opinion "I can'timagine" & "I can't think of" reveals a prejudice unworthy of TAF. Thereare medieval parents who gave their children given names that did notexist in their own ancestry & in this instance how better to "fit in" with your conquered subjects than to give your child (who will inherit) aname that his subjects can historically relate to - prosopography has itslimits - my humble opinion only... Curt Regards, Curt[jweberJ6STR.ged] Came with William the Conqueror. No source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. ---------------------------------------------- The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to the conquest: Taillebois. Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles. A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mentions a copy of thegrant of the church and patronage of Cristot by Ives Taillebois to theabbey. An account of Cristot is given in Beziers, "Diocese de Bayeux, volii, p. 192. [Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families] ----------------------------------------------- The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann@yahoo.com: Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also called 'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In charge of siegeof Hereward the Wake at Ely, 1069. Steward to William II. Holdings inLincs. and Norfolk. [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index.html] The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Taillebois and asWilliam was governor of Lancaster Castle assumed the name accordingly.[Stemma Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex registro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii 553)Ivo is stated to have had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, the fatherof Gilbert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married Gundreda Countess ofWarwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of various property to theAbbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Bevan 21 Oct 2001 citing TheTopographer and Genealogist 1846 p15] note: "is stated" is usually asubtle reference to a difference of opinion amongst scholars... Curt Research note: "I can't imagine a circumstance under which a Norman namedIvo would have a son named Ealdred. In fact, I can't think of an earlyNorman that gave an English name to a son. Ivo de Taillebois seems afav orite hook on whom to hang various people of obscure origin". [Ref:TAF 21 Oct 2001] note: though I very much respect his opinion "I can'timagine" & "I can't think of" reveals a prejudice unworthy of TAF. Thereare medieval parents who gave their children given names that did notexist in their own ancestry & in this instance how better to "fit in"with your conquered subjects than to give your child (who will inherit) aname that his subjects can historically relate to - prosopography has itslimits - my humble opinion only... Curt Regards, Curt[jweberHUNT.ged] Came with William the Conqueror. No source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. ---------------------------------------------- The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to the conquest: Taillebois. Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles. A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mentions a copy of thegrant of the church and patronage of Cristot by Ives Taillebois to theabbey. An account of Cristot is given in Beziers, "Diocese de Bayeux, volii, p. 192. [Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families] ----------------------------------------------- The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann@yahoo.com: Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also called 'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In charge of siegeof Hereward the Wake at Ely, 1069. Steward to William II. Holdings inLincs. and Norfolk. [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index.html] The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Taillebois and asWilliam was governor of Lancaster Castle assumed the name accordingly.[Stemma Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex registro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii 553)Ivo is stated to have had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, the fatherof Gilbert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married Gundreda Countess ofWarwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of various property to theAbbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Bevan 21 Oct 2001 citing TheTopog rapher and Genealogist 1846 p15] note: "is stated" is usually asubtle reference to a difference of opinion amongst scholars... Curt Research note: "I can't imagine a circumstance under which a Norman namedIvo would have a son named Ealdred. In fact, I can't think of an earlyNorman that gave an English name to a son. Ivo de Taillebois seems afavorite hook on whom to hang various people of obscure origin". [Ref:TAF 21 Oct 2001] note: though I very much respect his opinion "I can'timagine" & "I can't think of" reveals a prejudice unworthy of TAF. Thereare medieval parents who gave their children given names that did notexist in their own ancestry & in this instance how better to "fit in"with your conquered subjects than to give your child (who will inherit) aname that his subjects can historically relate to - prosopography has itslimits - my humble opinion only... Curt Regards, Curt[jweberALAN.ged] Came with William the Conqueror. No source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. ---------------------------------------------- The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to the conquest: Taillebois. Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles. A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mentions a copy of thegrant of the church and patronage of Cristot by Ives Taillebois to theabbey. An account of Cristot is given in Beziers, "Diocese de Bayeux, volii, p. 192. [Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families] ----------------------------------------------- The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann@yahoo.com: Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also called 'cut-bush'. Married Lucy. In charge of siegeof Hereward the Wake at Ely, 1069. Steward to William II. Holdings inLincs. and Norfolk. [Ref: Domesday Online: http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/index.html] The Lancasters are said to be descendants of Ivo de Taillebois and asWilliam was governor of Lancaster Castle assumed the name accordingly.[Stemm a Ivonis de Tayleboyse (ex registro S. Mar Ebor New Monast iii 553)Ivo is stated to have had issue Elthred, the father of Ketel, the fatherof Gilbert, father of Wm of Lancaster who married Gundreda Countess ofWarwick. Ketellus filius Elredi was donor of various property to theAbbey of St Mary, York. [Ref: Rosie Bevan 21 Oct 2001 citing TheTopographer and Genealogist 1846 p15] note: "is stated" is usually asubtle reference to a difference of opinion amongst scholars... Curt Research note: "I can't imagine a circumstance under which a Norman namedIvo would have a son named Ealdred. In fact, I can't think of an earlyNorman that gave an English name to a son. Ivo de Taillebois seems afavorite hook on whom to hang various people of obscure origin". [Ref:TAF 21 Oct 2001] note: though I very much respect his opinion "I can'timagine" & "I can't think of" reveals a prejudice unworthy of TAF. Thereare medieval parents who gave their children given names that did notexist in their own ancestry & in this instance how better to "fit in"with your conquered subjects than to give your child (who will inherit) aname that his subjects can historically relate to - prosopography has itslimits - my humble opinion only... Curt Regards, Curt[jweberLACY.ged] Came with William the Conqueror. No source that I have gives parents for Ives/Ivo. ---------------------------------------------- The following concerns Ives origins in Normandy, prior to the conquest: Taillebois. Cristot: Calvados, arr. Caen, cant. Tily-sur-Seulles. A note in the cartulary of La Trinite de Vendome mentions a copy of thegrant of the church and patronage of Cristot by Ives Taillebois to theabbey. An account of Cristot is given in Beziers, "Diocese de Bayeux, volii, p. 192. [Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families] ----------------------------------------------- The following information on Ivo was supplied in a post-em by CurtHofemann, curt_hofemann@yahoo.com: Not much to hang your hat on, but... Ivo de Talboys. Also
  
  === !Leofric received a grant of land at Cla ===
  !Leofric received a grant of land at Claybrook, Lincolnshire, and was a Shire- reeve. No date or place of death has been found.
  
  === {Ref. "Falaise Roll...," M. Jackson Cris ===
  {Ref. "Falaise Roll...," M. Jackson Crispin & Leonce Macary (London: Butler & Tanner, 1938, Table XIII).} Leofric founded the Church of Coventry and was regarded "thegn" (Thane) from 1005 and "dux" (Duke) from 1026; Earl of Mercia by 1032. He was "very old" at death. He was fourth child of his parents.
  
  ===
  !From a Howard Family history prepared ===
  
  !From a Howard Family history prepared by Gary Howard, 2001. The Enclyclopedia Britannica states his title was Earl of Mercia.
  
  === Earl of Mercia. A member of a prominen ===
  Earl of Mercia. A member of a prominent English family, he succeeded his father Leofwine as Earl of Mercia and beame one of the most powerfula men in the kingdom under King Cnut. htereafter he was at the forefront of English politics, favouring Harold I Harefoot against Harthacnut in 1037 and at times counter-balancing Godwine under Edward the Confessor. He and his wife Godgifu were generous benefactors of the church. Source: Who's Who in British History. Collins & Brown. London. 2000.
  
  === Source: A Saxon Tapestry by Sile Rice. R ===
  Source: A Saxon Tapestry by Sile Rice. Rice: Dudda the thane of Coventry.
  
  === Leofric was the founder of the church o ===
  Leofric was the founder of the church of Coventry. He was E arl of Mercia by 1032.
  
  === Godwin is the brother of Leofric III, ou ===
  Godwin is the brother of Leofric III, our ancestor (husband of Lady Godiva).

• m. ABT 999 in Coventry, Warwickshire, England

1. Aedgyth Leofricsdottar, b. ABT 1018 in Bourne, Lincolnshire, England     d. AFT 1063
2. Erminhild Of MERCIA, b. ABT 1008 in England    
3. Alversa Leofric, b. ABT 1005 in Wessex     d. ABT 1050 in Caen, Calvados, Normandie, França
4. Leofnoth de Mercia, b. 1025 in Mercia     d. 1086 in Church Minshull, Cheshire, England
5. Alfgar Earl of Mercia, b. ABT 1002 in King's Bromley, Staffordshire, England     d. 10 SEP 1067 in Coventry, Warwickshire, England
6. Aelfgar Earl of Mercia, b. ABT 1063    

1. Title: The History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Volume 2
   Author: Edward Baines, The History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Volume 2 (https://books.google.com/books?id=89w4AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA421&lpg=PA421&dq=William+de+Radeclive&source=bl&ots=JTTZ2H5-_g&sig=ARcj080ppyQr6OeFKvY3NJToruI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjZzMTW8NLVAhVS9mMKHSC4A4MQ6AEIOjAF#v=onepage&q=William%20de%20Radeclive&f=false), Names, dates and other data..
   Page: To support viewpoint.
   
2. Title: Ivo de Taillebois in the History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Vol. 1, pg. 35 [See document in the Memories section]
   Author: History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Vol. 1, pg. 35
   Note: Ivo de Taillebois in the History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Vol. 1, pg. 35 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Ivo de Taillebois in the History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Vol. 1, pg. 35 [See document in the Memories section]
   
3. Title: Ranulf le Meschin and Lucy of Bolingbroke in Ancestral Roots of Certain Amercian Colonists
   Author: Ancestral Roots of Certain Amercian Colonists, Line 132A, Nos. 26-27
   Note: Ranulf le Meschin and Lucy de Bolingbroke in Ancestral Roots of Certain Amercian Colonists, Line 132A, Nos. 26-27 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Ranulf le Meschin and Lucy de Bolingbroke in Ancestral Roots of Certain Amercian Colonists, Line 132A, Nos. 26-27 [See document in the Memories section]
   
4. Title: Pedigree of William de Lancaster in The History of the Counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, Vol. 1, pg. 29 [See document in the Memories section]
   Author: The History of the Counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, Vol. 1, pg. 29
   Note: Pedigree of William de Lancaster in The History of the Counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, Vol. 1, pg. 29 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: Pedigree of William de Lancaster in The History of the Counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, Vol. 1, pg. 29 [See document in the Memories section]
   
5. Title: Pedigree of Ranulf le Meschin in The History and Antiquities of the County of Northampton
   Author: The History and Antiquitires of the County of Northampton, pg. 121
   Publication: Name: https://archive.org/details/HistoryAndAntiquitiesOfTheCountyOfNorthamptonBakerVol1/page/n121/mode/2up;
   Note: Pedigree of Ranulf de Meschin in The History and Antiquities of the County of Northampton
   Page: Pedigree of Ranulf de Meschines in The History and Antiquitires of the County of Northampton, pg. 121 [See document in the Memories section]
   
6. Title: William de Lancaster in the History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Vol. 1, pg. 44 [See document in the Memories section]
   Author: History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Vol. 1, pg. 44
   Note: William de Lancaster in the History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Vol. 1, pg. 44 [See document in the Memories section]
   Page: William de Lancaster in the History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Vol. 1, pg. 44 [See document in the Memories section]
   
7. Title: Wikiwand: Leofric, Earl of Mercia
   Author: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
   Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Leofric,_Earl_of_Mercia;
   
8. Title: Geni: Leofric III, earl of Mercia
   Author: Added by: John William Fearnside on May 27, 2007 Managed by: Margaret (C) and 184 others Curated by: Jason Scott Wills
   Publication: Name: https://www.geni.com/people/Leofric-III-earl-of-Mercia/6000000000970342399;
   Note: Leofric Gender: Male Birth: circa 990 Mercia, Staffordshire, England, UK Death: between August 31, 1057 and September 30, 1057 (62-71) King's Bromley, Staffordshire, England Place of Burial: Coventry, Warwickshire, England Immediate Family: Son of Leofwine, Ealdorman of the Hwicce Husband of Lady Godiva Father of Erminhild de Mercia; Alfgar, Earl of Mercia and Ealdgyth Brother of Godwin; Northman and Eadwine Immediate Family Showing 8 people Lady Godiva wife Erminhild de Mercia daughter Alfgar, Earl of Mercia son Ealdgyth daughter Leofwine, Ealdorman of the Hwicce father Godwin brother Northman brother Eadwine brother
   
9. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy - Sibyl Marshall, first wife of Wm de Ferrers
   Author: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
   Publication: Name: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISH%20NOBILITY%20MEDIEVAL1.htm#SibylMarshaldiedbefore1238;
   Note: SIBYL (-before 1238). The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire records that "quarta filia…Willihelmi Marescalli…Sibilla" married "Willielmo de Ferrers comiti Derbiæ"[1396]. m (before 14 May 1219) as his first wife, WILLIAM de Ferrers, son of WILLIAM de Ferrers Earl of Derby & his wife Agnes de Chester (-May 1254, bur Merevale Abbey). He succeeded his father in 1247 as Earl of Derby.
   Page: EARLS of CHESTER 1120-1232 in the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ~http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISH%20NOBILITY%20MEDIEVAL.htm#_Toc21106844 [See document in the Memories section]
   
10. Title: Thorold, Sheriff of Lincoln, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/;
    
11. Title: Ivo de Talebois in the The History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Vol. 1, pg. 44 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: The History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Vol. 1, pg. 44
    Note: Ivo de Talebois in the The History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Vol. 1, pg. 44 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Ivo de Talebois in the The History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster, Vol. 1, pg. 44 [See document in the Memories section]
    
12. Title: The Circle of Ceridwen Saga: The Truth About Lady Godiva
    Author: https://octavia.net/
    Publication: Name: https://octavia.net/the-truth-about-lady-godiva/;
    
13. Title: Info and sources for Thorold
    Author: [802] Dugdale Monasticon III, Spalding Monastery, Lincolnshire, I, p. 215. [803] Dugdale Monasticon II, Croyland Monastery, Lincolnshire LXXVII, p. 119. [804] Arnold, T. (1890) Memorials of St Edmund’s Abbey, i, pp. 63-4, quoted in Round, J.C. (189
    
14. Title: Earls of Lincoln 1141-1198 (Roumare) in the Foundation for medieval Genealogy
    Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISH%20NOBILITY%20MEDIEVAL1.htm#_Toc21106907;
    Note: Earls of Lincoln 1141-1198 (Roumare) in the Foundation for medieval Genealogy [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Earls of Lincoln 1141-1198 (Roumare) in the Foundation for medieval Genealogy ~ http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISH%20NOBILITY%20MEDIEVAL1.htm#_Toc21106907 [See document in the Memories section]
    
15. Title: "Warwick castle and its earls : from Saxon times to the present day," by Frances Evelyn Maynard Greville, Countess of Warwick, 1861-1938
    Publication: Name: https://archive.org/details/cu31924050615214/page/n73/mode/2up?q=Thurkill;
    Note: Turkill, the Traitor Earl— Why he was not at Hastings— How the Conqueror favoured him— How he changed his Name, and was the Ancestor of William Shakespeare. WE have now done with the collapsing legends, and may tread upon the solid floor of history. Facts are at last at our disposal — trustworthy, though not as yet superabundant. We cannot go into many details; but we are sure of our ground, such as it is. The last Earl of Warwick whom we mentioned was Wygotus, who is said to have married the sister of the Lady Godiva's husband, Leofric, Earl of Mercia. A Harleian MS. is our authority for the statement that he had by her Alwine, Earl of Warwick, slain by the Danes at Stamford Hill, in the first year of the reign of Harold, son of Godwin, Earl of Wessex; and that Alwine, in his turn, had a son, Thurkill, Earl of Warwick, who married a Countess of Perche. About Thurkill (or Turchill, as the name is sometimes written) we really know facts, from Domesday Book, from Dugdale's "Baronage," and from a few other sources. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that he was present at the consecration of the minster of Assandune in 1020; that he was outlawed by King Cnut, 1021, but received into favour again, and entrusted with the government of Denmark in 1023; also that he marched against the Welsh with "Elfyet and many good men" to avenge the death of Edwin, brother of Leofric of and vanquisht King Harold, and though he were then a man of especial note and power yet he did give no assistance to Harold in that Battail, as may easily be seen from the favour he received at the hands of the Conqueror, for by the General Survey begun about the 14. of King William's Reign, it appears that he then continued possest of vast lands in this Shire, and yet whereof was neither the borough, or castle of Warwick any part." His possessions are enumerated in Domesday Book. There are no fewer than seventy entries under his name, of which the following may serve as examples : — "Robert de Olgi holds of Turchil, in Dercelai (probably Dosthill), 2 hides in mortgage. The arable employs 3 ploughs. There are 7 villeins, with 2 ploughs, and 2 bondmen. A mill pays 3 2d., and there are 10 acres of meadow. Wood 2 furlongs long, and the same broad. It was worth 3CS., now 40s. Untain held it." The reason why Thurkill refrained from opposing the Conqueror is clear enough. His relatives, the Earls of Mercia, Leofric, and his successors ^Ifgar and Morkere, had been constantly in arms against Harold, whom Mercia generally had never really recognised as King of England. Posterity, however, without taking account of his reason, has contemptuously styled him "the Traitor Earl," and he certainly profited by his treachery. Though William later on took some of his estates for the endowment of the new Earldom of Warwick, Thurkill's son held of the new Earl, holding by sergeantry in his household, and taking the name of de Arden; and Thurkill himself, as a mark of special favour, was allowed to retain his property for life, and was even appointed custos of the newly fortified town of Warwick. That is all there is to be said about him, except that he has a further claim on our interest through the most illustrious of his descendants. Observe : — "TuRCHiLL was twice married; by his second wife Leverunia, daughter, according to Drummond, of Algar, son and successor of Leofric, Earl of Mercia, he had a son, Osbert de Arden, whose daughter and heir. Amice, carried the ancient seat of the Mercian kings, called after them Kingsbury, to her husband Peter de Bracebridge, of Bracebridge, co. Lincoln, and one of their descendants, Alice Bracebridge, became the wife of Sir John Arden, Knight, elder brother of Thomas Arden, maternal great-grandfather of William Shakspeare." So it is written in "Shakespeareana Genealogica." Among the literary associations of the Earldom of Warwick — which it will be seen, as our narrative pro- ceeds, are fairly numerous — this, the earliest and most glorious, is also, in all probability, the least known. Most Earls of Warwick have almost certainly lived and died without ever discovering their connection with England's greatest poet.
    
16. Title: Early English Books Online > Dugdale's "The Baronage of England": Leofric
    Author: Dugdale's The Baronage of England, pgs. 8, 9, 10, 11, 16
    Publication: Name: https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A36794.0001.001?type=simple&rgn=full+text&q1=leofric&submit=Go;
    
17. Title: Ivo de Taillebois
    Author: fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISHNOBILITYMEDIEVAL3T-Z.htm, fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISHNOBILITYMEDIEVAL3T-Z.htm (fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISHNOBILITYMEDIEVAL3T-Z.htm), Names, dates and other data..
    Page: To support viewpoint.
    
18. Title: Ivo Taillebois in Domesday People, pg. 283 [See document in the memories section]
    Author: Domesday People, pg. 283
    Note: Ivo Taillebois in Domesday People, pg. 283 [See document in the memories section]
    Page: Ivo Taillebois in Domesday People, pg. 283 [See document in the memories section]
    
19. Title: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in British History Online ~ www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: http://www.british-history.ac.uk;
    Note: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in British History Online ~ www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in British History Online ~ www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    
20. Title: The Barons of Kendal in The History and Antiquities of the Counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, Vol. 1, pgs. 30-33 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: The History and Antiquities of the Counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, Vol. 1, pgs. 30-33
    Note: The Barons of Kendal in The History and Antiquities of the Counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, Vol. 1, pgs. 30-33 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: The Barons of Kendal in The History and Antiquities of the Counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, Vol. 1, pgs. 30-33 [See document in the Memories section]
    
21. Title: More correct information of recent date more accurate links and info
    Author: http://www.wikiwand.com/en/William_de_Lancaster_I http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Ivo_Taillebois
    
22. Title: Info and sources for Thorold
    Author: [802] Dugdale Monasticon III, Spalding Monastery, Lincolnshire, I, p. 215. [803] Dugdale Monasticon II, Croyland Monastery, Lincolnshire LXXVII, p. 119. [804] Arnold, T. (1890) Memorials of St Edmund’s Abbey, i, pp. 63-4, quoted in Round, J.C. (189
    
23. Title: Ivo de Taillebois and Lucy his wife in British History Online
    Publication: Name: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/kendalebarony/vol1/vii-xvii;
    Note: Ivo de Taillebois and Lucy his wife in British History Online ~ https://www.british-history.ac.uk/kendalebarony/vol1/vii-xvii [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Ivo de Taillebois and Lucy his wife in British History Online ~ https://www.british-history.ac.uk/kendalebarony/vol1/vii-xvii [See document in the Memories section]
    
24. Title: William de Lancaster in the Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. 3, pgs. 345-46 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. 3, pgs. 345-46
    Note: William de Lancaster in the Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. 3, pgs. 345-46 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: William de Lancaster in the Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. 3, pgs. 345-46 [See document in the Memories section]
    
25. Title: "Domesday People: Domesday Book," by K. S. B. Keats-Rohan
    Author: Boydell & Brewer Ltd, Jan 1, 1999
    Publication: Name: https://books.google.com/books?id=uiUScMEkEGoC&pg=PA283&dq=William+Taillebois&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMI06ThuP_lxgIVQSuICh1G_w64#v=onepage&q=William%20Taillebois&f=false;
    
26. Title: Leofwine, Leofric and Alfgar, Earls of Mercia, in Dugdale’s The Baronage of England, pg. 8-10 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: Dugdale’s The Baronage of England, pg. 8-10
    Note: Leofwine, Leofric and Alfgar, Earls of Mercia, in Dugdale’s The Baronage of England, pg. 8-10 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Leofwine, Leofric and Alfgar, Earls of Mercia, in Dugdale’s The Baronage of England, pg. 8-10 [See document in the Memories section]
    
27. Title: Ivo Taillebois in the Foundation of medieval Genealogy [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ engunttz.htm#_Toc21100354;
    Note: Ivo Taillebois in the Foundation of medieval Genealogy ~http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ engunttz.htm#_Toc21100354 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Ivo Taillebois in the Foundation of medieval Genealogy ~http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ engunttz.htm#_Toc21100354 [See document in the Memories section]
    
28. Title: "Warwick castle and its earls : from Saxon times to the present day," by Frances Evelyn Maynard Greville, Countess of Warwick, 1861-1938
    Publication: Name: https://archive.org/details/cu31924050615214/page/n73/mode/2up?q=Thurkill;
    
29. Title: Lucy of Bolingbroke in The History of the Palatine County and City of Chester
    Author: The History of the Palatine County and City of Chester, Vol. 1, pg. 19
    Publication: Name: https://archive.org/details/historyofcountyp00orme/page/18/mode/2up?q=Lucy;
    Note: Lucy of Bolingbroke in The History of the Palatine County and City of Chester, Vol. 1, pg. 19 [See document in the Memories section] THIS HISTORY HAS BEEN LARGELY DISCREDITED.
    Page: Lucy of Bolingbroke in The History of the Palatine County and City of Chester, Vol. 1, pg. 19 [See document in the Memories section]
    
30. Title: Leofric, Earl of Mercia 14 May 0978 – August 1057 in My Heritage
    Author: https://www.myheritage.com/research/record
    Publication: Name: https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-56873981-14-522450/leofric-swanneshe-in-myheritage-family-trees?fspid=GHHB-THZ;
    
31. Title: Pedigree of Leofwine, Leofric, Alfgar and Edwin, Earls of Mercia [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: Pedigree of Leofwine, Leofric, Alfgar and Edwin, Earls of Mercia
    Note: Pedigree of Leofwine, Leofric, Alfgar and Edwin, Earls of Mercia [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Pedigree of Leofwine, Leofric, Alfgar and Edwin, Earls of Mercia [See document in the Memories section]
    
32. Title: Marriage (with Godgifu Lady Godiva from Lincoln)
    Note: Acontecimentos 14 de Maio de 968 : Nascimento - Cheshire, England 14 de Maio de 968 : Nascimento - Chester, Cheshire, England 14 de Maio de 978 : Nascimento - Chester, Cheshire, England antes de 1030 : Casamento (com Godgifu Lady Godiva de Lincoln) Fo Translation: Events May 14, 968: Birth - Cheshire, England May 14, 968: Birth - Chester, Cheshire, England May 14, 978: Birth - Chester, Cheshire, England before 1030: Marriage (with Godgifu Lady Godiva from Lincoln ) Fo
    
33. Title: Ive de Taillebois in the Dictionary of National Biography, pg. 341 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: Dictionary of National Biography, pg. 341
    Note: Ive de Taillebois in the Dictionary of National Biography, pg. 341 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Ive de Taillebois in the Dictionary of National Biography, pg. 341 [See document in the Memories section]
    
34. Title: Turchill (Thurkill) of Warwick (Arden) in Warwick Castle and its Earls, pg. 48-50 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: Warwick Castle and its Earls, pg. 48-50
    Note: Turchill (Thurkill) of Warwick (Arden) in Warwick Castle and its Earls, pg. 48-50 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Turchill (Thurkill) of Warwick (Arden) in Warwick Castle and its Earls, pg. 48-50 [See document in the Memories section]
    
35. Title: Leofric Earl of Mercia, "Find A Grave Index"
    Author: "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVKC-L752 : 6 February 2023), Leofric Earl of Mercia, ; Burial, Coventry, Metropolitan Borough of Coventry, West Midlands, England, Saint Mary's Priory and Cathedral Coventry; citing record ID 41164276, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
    Publication: Name: https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVKC-L752;
    
36. Title: Battle of Hastings
    Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Battle_of_Hastings;
    
37. Title: Leofwine, Leofric and Alfgar in the Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 33, pg. 61-62 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 33, pg. 61-62
    Note: Leofwine, Leofric and Alfgar in the Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 33, pg. 61-62 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Leofwine, Leofric and Alfgar in the Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 33, pg. 61-62 [See document in the Memories section]
    
38. Title: "A History of the British Nation": Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and descendants
    Author: A History of the British Nation, pgs. 34-35, 50-51, 54
    Note: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and descendants in A History of the British Nation, pgs. 34-35, 50-51, 54 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and descendants in A History of the British Nation, pgs. 34-35, 50-51, 54 [See document in the Memories section]
    
39. Title: The Medieval Lands Project, "IVO Taillebois"
    Author: fmg.ac
    Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISHNOBILITYMEDIEVAL3T-Z.htm#IvoTailleboisdied1094;
    Note: IVO Taillebois [I] (-[1094/95], bur Spalding). Ragg lists property in Lancashire and Westmorland which Ivo [I] donated to York St. Mary but does not cite his sources[3]. "…Ivo Taillebois, Robert de Oilli" witnessed the spurious charter, purportedly dated 25 Dec [1071/75], under which William I King of England donated Chelsea to the monks of Westminster[4]. "…Ivonem Taillebois…" witnessed the charter under which William I King of England confirmed the rights of Ely abbey[5]. “Ivo Taleboys” donated Spalding Monastery to the church of Saint-Nicholas Anjou, for “conjugis suæ Luciæ et antecessorum Toraldi…uxoris eius” by undated charter[6]. “Ivo Talliebois” donated property to St Mary, York, for the soul of “uxoris meæ Luciæ”, by undated charter witnessed by “Lucia uxore mea, Ribaldo genero meo, Radulpho Taillebois…”[7]. A charter of King Henry II records donations to York St Mary, including the donation of land “in Claxtuna et ecclesiam de Kirkby-Stephen…” by “Ivo Taillebois”[8]. Domesday Book records “Ivo Taillebois” holding numerous properties in Lincolnshire[9]. “…Ivonis de Taliber…” witnessed the charter dated Sep 1093 under which William II King of England donated property to Lincoln cathedral[10]. Ingulph's Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland records the death of "Ivo Taillebois who had always been a most bitter enemy to Croyland" and his burial by "his wife the lady Lucia" in the priory of Spalding[11]. m as her first husband, LUCY, daughter of --- (-1138, bur Spalding). The Chronicon Angliæ Petriburgense records "Luciæ comitissæ…filiæ Algari comitis Leicestriæ" as husband of "Ivo Tailbois comes Andegavensis, dominus Spaldingiæ et totius Hollandiæ" and "Toraldus avunculus eiusdem Luciæ"[12]. No other source has been yet been identified which names one of the parents of Lucy. If the source is accurate (and it is a later source), it is not known whether the relationship with Thorold was through Lucy’s father or mother, although if "avunculus" is used in its strict sense (which is not beyond doubt) Thorold was her maternal uncle. A manuscript recording the foundation of Spalding monastery records that “Yvo Talboys” married "Thoroldo…hærede Lucia" who, after the death of Ivo, married (in turn) "Rogerum filium Geroldi" and "comitem Cestriæ Ranulphum"[13]. “Ivo Taleboys” donated Spalding Monastery to the church of Saint-Nicholas Anjou, for “conjugis suæ Luciæ et antecessorum Toraldi…uxoris eius” by undated charter[14]. She married secondly (after 1094) Roger FitzGerold. Ingulph's Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland records that "his wife the lady Lucia" married "Roger de Romar the son of Gerald de Romar" when "hardly had one month elapsed after the death" of her first husband "Ivo Taillebois"[15]. She married thirdly (1098) Ranulf "Meschin" Vicomte du Bessin. Ivo [I] & [his wife] had [two] children: a) [[BEATRIX] . Assuming that “genero” in the following document was used in its strict sense of son-in-law, Ribald’s wife was Ivo’s daughter: “Ivo Talliebois” donated property to St Mary, York, for the soul of “uxoris meæ Luciæ”, by undated charter witnessed by “Lucia uxore mea, Ribaldo genero meo, Radulpho Taillebois…”[16]. The difficulty is that “gener” was sometimes used in medieval documents to indicate brother-in-law. Ingulph's Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland records that the "only daughter" of "Ivo Taillebois…[and] his wife the lady Lucia" married "a husband of noble rank" but "died before her father"[17]. It is possible that this passage refers to the wife of Ribald. Assuming that this was the same wife of Ribald, her name is confirmed by the following document: “Ribaldus frater comitis” donated property to St Mary, York, for the soul of “Alani comitis et Beatricis uxoris meæ”, by undated charter[18]. As Ingulph says that Ivo’s daughter predeceased her father, it is possible that Beatrix was a later wife of Ribald and not Ivo’s daughter. m RIBALD, illegitimate son of EUDES de Bretagne Comte de Penthièvre & his mistress ---.] b) [daughter . Domesday Descendants suggests that Ingulph (quoted above) was incorrect and that Ivo Taillebois [I] left a second daughter who was the wife of Eldred, noting that the couple’s grandson William de Lancaster held the barony of Kendal which Ivo had previously held[19]. This is contradicted by an undated manuscript relating to Cockersand Abbey, Lancashire which names “Elthredum” as son of ”Ivo Tailbot”[20], although this statement is improbable as no other primary sources indicate that Ivo had sons. m ELDRED, son of ---.]
    
40. Title: Notices of an English Branch of the Malet Family
    Author: page 97 gives pedigree of the Hesilia Crispin's family...
    Publication: Name: https://books.google.com/books?id=qgIHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=Notices+of+an+English+Branch+of+the+Mallet+Family&source=bl&ots=jM0N-0aeqV&sig=y4QG8HvumPhXSMt4t0d69tDLxnM&hl=en&sa=X&ei=UM_6VPL_H8P_yQSm7IKIAQ&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=thorold&f=false;
    Note: NOTE*: This pedigree seems to be off, the relations of Thorold to the daughter of the Baron William's daughter Beatrix or Beatrice was in marriage according to what is known. If this is the case, either Thorold or the daughter (Williams Mother) are from seperate lines, otherwise there is a discrepency of age. Most likely they are from seperate families. The sister of Godiva (unnamed) and Thorold were siblings, that were of English origin, and William Malet's mother was also English, whom married a Malet from France.
    
41. Title: Geni: Leofric III, earl of Mercia
    Author: Added by: John William Fearnside on May 27, 2007 Managed by: Margaret (C) and 184 others Curated by: Jason Scott Wills
    Publication: Name: https://www.geni.com/people/Leofric-III-earl-of-Mercia/6000000000970342399;
    
42. Title: Find a Grave: Leofric Earl of Mercia
    Author: MEMORIAL ID 41164276
    Publication: Name: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/41164276/leofric_earl_of_mercia;
    Note: BIRTH unknown England DEATH 30 Sep 1057 Kings Bromley, Lichfield District, Staffordshire, England BURIAL Saint Mary's Priory and Cathedral Coventry Coventry, Metropolitan Borough of Coventry, West Midlands, England MEMORIAL ID 41164276 Folk Figure. Earl of Mercia, husband of Lady Godiva. He was awarded the earldom of Mercia by King Cnut following the death of the first Earl, Eadric, in 1017. As Earl of Mercia he was second in importance only to Earl Godwin of Wessex. He was a loyal supporter of Edward the Confessor, who succeeded Cnut's unpopular son, Harthacanute, in 1043, and helped raise an army to halt the hostile advance of Earl Godwin in 1051. The dispute was settled by diplomatic means, however, and Godwin was sent into exile. Leofric and his wife, Lady Godiva, were frequent donors to the church, founding a Benedictine monastery at Coventry in 1043 and also giving generously to the monastery of St Mary, Worcester and the minster at Stow St Mary, Lincolnshire, among others. He is recorded as dying "at a good old age" and was buried at Coventry in the monastery he and his wife founded. Bio by: js Family Members Spouse Photo Lady Godiva 990–1067 Children Photo Earl Ælfgar of Mercia unknown–1060 Alfgar Gruffydd Malet 1025–1062
    
43. Title: The Circle of Ceridwen Saga: The Truth About Lady Godiva
    Author: https://octavia.net/
    Publication: Name: https://octavia.net/the-truth-about-lady-godiva/;
    Note: Uncovering Godiva NO other early Englishwoman has been remembered as long, or as provocatively, as Lady Godiva. The name instantly conjures an image of a woman on horseback, clad only in her hair. Whether depicted in a 15th century print or gracing a modern chocolate box, Godiva lives – and rides – on in our imaginations. Godiva is the latinized form of the Old English name Godgyfu or Godgifu (literally, "God’s gift" or "good gift"). Godgyfu was an 11th century Anglo-Saxon aristocrat whose life spanned one of the most tumultuous periods in early English history. Despite her illustrious husband, renowned piety, and religious benefactions, without the tantalizing legend of her ride through the Midlands town of Coventry she would likely be completely forgotten. What is known of Godgyfu is found in the chronicles of various religious foundations, mentions of her or her husband in charters, and the post-Conquest compilation known as the Domesday Book. The first positive record of her is in 1035, when she was already married to Leofric, Earl of Mercia. Her birth date is unknown. Similarly, the date of her ride through Coventry cannot be known, possibly it was linked to the dedication of the Priory she and Leofric built there in 1043. Here I must also acknowledge that despite records dating to the late 12th century concerning her ride, there are some modern scholars who doubt that it ever took place. I am persuaded that it did. To return to fact: Like other Anglo-Saxon women of her class, Godgyfu owned property in her own right, both given to her by her parents and acquired through other means – gifts from her husband, inheritance from relatives, and purchases and exchanges from individuals and religious foundations. The modest farming village of Coventry was one of them. The Domesday Book lists it, twenty years after her death, as having sixty-nine families. It is not known why Godgyfu and Leofric turned their attention to Coventry, which after all, was a small and seemingly unremarkable farming community. As early as 1024 Bishop Æthelnoth (later to be Archbishop of Canterbury) gave to Leofric a priceless relic, the arm of St. Augustine of Hippo, which had been purchased by the bishop in Rome and which he apparently indicated was intended – we do not know why – for Coventry. The response of Leofric and Godgyfu was to create a suitable sanctuary to house this exceptional relic. The lavishly decorated Benedictine Priory of St.Mary, St.Osburgh, and All Saints was dedicated by Archbishop of Canterbury Eadsige in 1043, on property owned by Godgyfu. Within was a shrine to St. Osburgh (a local holy woman who had earlier founded a nunnery in Coventry) which held her head encased in copper and gold. St. Augustine’s arm took its place in a special shrine, and Godgyfu and Leofric also presented to the new Priory many ornaments of gold, silver and precious stones, so that it was famed for its richness. Leofric further endowed the Priory with estates in Warwickshire, Gloucestershire, Leicestershire, Northamptonshire, and Worcestershire. Their religious endowments were many, restoring, enriching, or founding houses in Much Wenlock, Worcester, Evesham, Chester, Leominster, and Stow in Lincolnshire. This last, the Priory Church of St. Mary’s Stow-in-Lindsey, is of particular interest as a significant portion of the beautiful and impressive extant church there issued from their hands. The earliest stonework in the church dates from 955; Godgyfu and Leofric greatly endowed and enriched it from 1053-55. The lofty crossing features four soaring rounded Saxon arches (which now enclose later pointed Norman arches built within the original Saxon arches). A 10th or 11th century graffito of an oared ship is scratched into the base of one of the Saxon arches, possibly a memento from a Danish raider who sailed up the nearby Trent. The north transept houses a narrow, deep Saxon doorway of honey-coloured stone, which would originally have been lime-washed and over-painted with decorative designs. It likely led to a chapel in Godgyfu’s day, and surely she passed through this very arch. To experience St. Mary’s Stow, built just ten years after the dedication of the Coventry church, is to begin to imagine what the Priory Church of St. Mary, St Osburgh, and All Saints may have been like. Leofric was a man of considerable talent and statesmanship; no man could survive forty years as Earl without these qualities. Elevated to Earl (a title and position new to the English, replacing and expanding the Anglo-Saxon ealdorman) in 1017 by the Dane Cnut, he survived and thrived through Cnut’s reign. Then followed that of Harold Harefoot (1035-1040), in whose selection as successor to Cnut Leofric was instrumental. Hardacnut, Cnut’s other son, reigned next (1040-1042), and then began Edward the Confessor’s rule (1042-1066). Unsurprisingly for his age, Leofric could alternate between great rapacity and great piety, his depredations and subsequent generous benefactions upon the town of Worcester being a case in point. In 1041, when Hardacnut was king, two of his tax collectors were murdered by an angry and over-taxed group of Worcester citizens. An act of this nature, upon the direct representatives of the king, was seen as almost an assault upon the king’s body itself. In reprisal Hardacnut ordered Leofric to lay waste to Worcester, which Leofric did with complete and horrifying efficiency, made perhaps even more reprehensible as Worcester was the cathedral city of his own people. Afterwards (and seemingly as personal reparation) Leofric bestowed many gifts of treasure and lands upon the religious foundation there, enough to ensure that his memory would be revered and not reviled. He seems to have been successful in this. Near the end of his life Leofric experienced four religious visions which were carefully recorded by the monks at Worcester and published after his death in 1057. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle entry for 1057 noted, "…In this same year, on 30 October, Earl Leofric passed away. He was very wise in all matters, both religious and secular, that benefited all this nation. He was buried at Coventry, and his son Ælfgar succeeded to his authority…" (G.N. Garmonsway translation) Following his death, Godgyfu made additional gifts to the religious foundation at Worcester to aid in the repose of Leofric’s soul and for the benefit of her own. These gifts included altar frontals, wall hangings, bench covers, candlesticks, and a Bible, and joined a long list of items and estates the two had granted to Worcester in the years prior to Leofric’s death. Leofric and Godgyfu had one known child, the above-mentioned Ælfgar, who died in 1062. His daughter Ealdgyth was wed briefly first to a Welsh king and following his death, to Harold Godwineson, killed by William of Normandy’s men on the field at Hastings. Thus for nine months Godgyfu was grandmother to the queen of England. Godgyfu died in 1067, the year following Hastings. At her death she was one of the four or five richest women in England with estates valued at £160 of silver. Her lands were then forfeit to new king William. Godgyfu was buried next to her husband in the Priory church in Coventry they had created. According to chronicler William of Malmesbury, her dying act was characteristically pious: as a final gift to the Priory, she ordered hung about the neck of a statue of the Virgin Mary her personal rosary of precious stones. (The church was alas, destroyed like so many others during the Reformation, the treasures looted and dispersed.) IN the first part of this essay I stated that I was convinced that Godgyfu had in fact enacted her famous ride. Now we will examine the way her ride has been remembered through the ages in poetry, prose, and visual art, and then look at why she may have performed such an extraordinary act, what it meant, and how that meaning has been perverted over time. Over the centuries the story of Godgyfu’s ride has enjoyed a life of its own. This is the oldest surviving account of it: "The Countess Godiva devoutly anxious to free the city of Coventry from a grievous and base thralldom often besought the Count, her husband, that he would for love of the Holy Trinity and the sacred Mother of God liberate it from such servitude. But he rebuked her for vainly demanding a thing so injurious to himself and forbade her to move further therein. Yet she, out of her womanly pertinacity, continued to press the matter insomuch that she obtained this answer from him: 'Ascend'; he said, 'thy horse naked and pass thus through the city from one end to the other in sight of the people and on thy return thou shalt obtain thy request.' Upon which she returned: “And should I be willing to do this, wilt thou give me leave?” “I will,” he responded. Then the Countess Godiva, beloved of God, ascended her horse, naked, loosing her long hair which clothed her entire body except her snow white legs, and having performed the journey, seen by none, returned with joy to her husband who, regarding it as a miracle, thereupon granted Coventry a Charter, confirming it with his seal." -- from the "Flores Historiarum," by Roger of Wendover (d. 1236), translated from the Latin by Matthew of Westminster c 1300-1320 Later chroniclers embellished and expanded upon the legend: "But Gaufride sayth that this gentle and good Lady did not onely for the freeing of the said Citie and satisfying of her husbands pleasure, graunt vnto her sayde Husband to ryde as aforesayde: But also called in secret manner (by such as she put speciall trust in) all those that then were Magistrates and rulers of the said Citie of Couentrie, and vttered vnto them what good will she bare vnto the sayde Citie, and how shee had moued the Erle her husband to make the same free, the which vpon such condition as is afore mencioned, the sayde Erle graunted vnto her, which the sayde Lady was well contented to doe, requiring of them...
    
44. Title: Roger FitzGerald (FitzGerold) in the Dictionary of National Biography
    Author: Dictionary of National Biography, pg 314
    Publication: Name: https://books.google.com/books?id=lC08AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA314&lpg=PA314&dq=the+Dictionary+of+National+Biography+Roger+FitzGerald+(FitzGerald)+in&source=bl&ots=nLnx9Dt4gF&sig=ACfU3U3pDhbdKepNCOa4PLKprFRovvwcAQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjM6tDN8bn5AhW0KkQIHV7pCn4Q6AF6BAgaEAM#v=onepage&q=the%20Dictionary%20of%20National%20Biography%20Roger%20FitzGerald%20(FitzGerald)%20in&f=false;
    Note: Roger FitzGerald (FitzGerold) in the Dictionary of National Biography, pg 314 [See document in the Memories section] Lucy was Ivo Taillebois widow not his wife. There was no second Lucy.
    Page: Roger FitzGerald (FitzGerold) in the Dictionary of National Biography, pg 314 [See document in the Memories section]
    
45. Title: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archeological Society--Salkeld
    Author: Various; see records for "Salkeld".
    Publication: Name: https://cumbriapast.com/cgi-bin/cwaas/cp_main.pl?action=cp_transactions_content_search;
    Note: C.W.A.A.S., Tr. N.S., Vol. 14, 1914, 238 - 255. "The Manor of Corby"
    
46. Title: Wikiwand: Leofric, Earl of Mercia
    Author: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Publication: Name: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Leofric,_Earl_of_Mercia;
    Note: Leofric (died 31 August or 30 September 1057) was an Earl of Mercia. He founded monasteries at Coventry and Much Wenlock. Leofric is most remembered as the husband of Lady Godiva. Life Leofric was the son of Leofwine, Ealdorman of the Hwicce,who witnessed a charter in 997 for King Æthelred II. Leofric had three brothers: Northman, Edwin and Godwine. It is likely that Northman is the same as Northman Miles ("Northman the knight") to whom King Æthelred II granted the village of Twywell in Northamptonshire in 1013. Northman, according to the Chronicle of Crowland Abbey, the reliability of which is often doubted by historians, says he was a retainer (knight) of Eadric Streona, the Earl of Mercia. It adds that Northman had been killed upon Cnut's orders along with Eadric and others for this reason. Cnut "made Leofric ealdorman in place of his brother Northman, and afterwards held him in great affection." Becoming Earl of Mercia, which occurred at some date previous to 1032, made him one of the most powerful men in the land, second only to the ambitious Earl Godwin of Wessex, among the mighty earls. Leofric may have had some connection by marriage to Ælfgifu of Northampton, the first wife of Cnut, which might help to explain why he was the chief supporter of her son Harold Harefoot against Harthacnut, Cnut's son by Emma of Normandy, when Cnut died in 1035. However, Harold died in 1040 and was succeeded by his brother Harthacnut, who made himself unpopular by implementing heavy taxation during his short reign. Two of his tax-collectors were killed at Worcester by angry locals. The king was so enraged by this that in 1041 he ordered Leofric and his other earls to plunder and burn the city, and lay waste to the surrounding area. This command must have sorely tested Leofric, since Worcester was the cathedral city of the Hwicce, his people. When Harthacnut died suddenly in 1042, he was succeeded by his half-brother Edward the Confessor. Leofric loyally supported Edward when Edward came under threat at Gloucester, from Earl Godwin, in 1051. Leofric and Earl Siward of Northumbria gathered a great army to meet that of Godwin. His advisors counseled Edward that battle would be folly, since there would be important members of the nobility on both sides; the loss of these men, should many die in battle, would leave England open to its enemies. So in the end the issue was resolved by less bloody means: in accordance with Leofric's advice the settlement of the dispute was referred to the Witenagemot, and Earl Godwin and his family were outlawed for a time. Earl Leofric's power was then at its height. But in 1055 Leofric's own son Ælfgar was outlawed, "without any fault," says the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle." Ælfgar raised an army in Ireland and Wales and brought it to Hereford, where he clashed with the army of Earl Ralph of Herefordshire and severely damaged the town. The "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle" wryly comments, "And then when they had done most harm, it was decided to reinstate Earl Ælfgar." Leofric died in 1057 at his estate at Kings Bromley in Staffordshire. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, he died on 30 September, but the chronicler of Worcester gives the date as 31 August. Both agree that he was buried in Coventry at St Mary's Priory and Cathedral. Leofric was succeeded by his son Ælfgar as earl. Religious works Earl Leofric and Godiva were noted for great generosity to religious houses. In 1043 he founded and endowed a Benedictine monastery at Coventry. John of Worcester tells us that "He and his wife, the noble Countess Godgifu, a worshipper of God and devout lover of St Mary ever-virgin, built the monastery there from the foundations out of their own patrimony, and endowed it adequately with lands and made it so rich in various ornaments that in no monastery in England might be found the abundance of gold, silver, gems and precious stones that was at that time in its possession." In the 1050s Leofric and Godiva appear jointly as benefactors in a document granting land to the monastery of St Mary, Worcester, and the endowment of the minster at Stow St Mary, Lincolnshire. They are commemorated as benefactors of other monasteries as well, at Leominster, Chester, Much Wenlock, and Evesham. Family Apart from Northman, killed in 1017, Leofric had at least two other brothers: Edwin was killed in battle by Gruffydd ap Llywelyn in 1039, and Godwine died some time before 1057. Leofric may have married more than once. His famous wife Godiva survived him and may have been a second or later wife. Since there is some question about the date of marriage for Leofric and Godgifu (Godiva), it is not clear whether she was the mother of Ælfgar, Leofric's only known child. If Godiva was married to Earl Leofric later than about 1010, she could not have been the mother of Ælfgar. Historicity Leofric used a double-headed eagle as his personal emblem, and this has been adopted by various units of the British Army as a symbol for Mercia. Historians disagree extensively on the character of Leofric. Folklore tends to depict him as an unfeeling overlord who imposed over-taxation, whereas many historians object to this, and consider it as part of the Lady Godiva myth; they suggest that he was a strong and respected leader. There is also great disagreement over his reputation as a military leader: some historians believe Leofric to have been weak in this respect, but others go as far as to give him the title "Hammer of the Welsh." "Visio Leofrici" A prose account of Leofric's life, entitled "Visio Leofrici" or the "Vision of Leofric," was written in Old English, surviving in MS Corpus Christi College, Cambridge (CCCC) 367. It is split into four episodes, each of which depict one of Leofric's miraculous visions. The last of these four has been noted for its similarities to the account of Leofric's vision in Osbert's later account of the life of Edward the Confessor. In popular culture On screen, Leofric was portrayed by Roy Travers in the British silent short "Lady Godiva: (1928), George Nader in the film "Lady Godiva of Coventry" (1955), and Tony Steedman in the BBC TV series "Hereward the Wake" (1965). He also may have inspired "The Last Kingdom" character, "Leofric" played by Adrian Bower in the BBC series.
    
47. Title: Info and sources for Thorold
    Author: [802] Dugdale Monasticon III, Spalding Monastery, Lincolnshire, I, p. 215. [803] Dugdale Monasticon II, Croyland Monastery, Lincolnshire LXXVII, p. 119. [804] Arnold, T. (1890) Memorials of St Edmund’s Abbey, i, pp. 63-4, quoted in Round, J.C. (1895) Feudal England, p. 255.
    Note: THOROLD de Bukenhale (-after [1076/79]). Sheriff of Lincolnshire. The Annals of Peterborough record that “Thoroldus vicecomes et frater germanus Godivæ comitissæ Leycestriæ” founded Spalding Monastery in 1052[802]. “Thoroldus de Bukenhale…vicecomiti” donated Spalding monastery to Croyland abbey which names “domino meo Leofrico comite Leicestriæ et…comitissa sua domina Godiva sorore mea…et cognati mei comitis Algari primogeniti et hæredis eorum”[803]. Herman’s De miraculis sancti Eadmundi names “…Lincolniensis Turoldus…” among those present when Herfast Bishop of Thetford visited Baldwin Abbot of St Edmund’s to be cured of an injury to his eye, dated to [1076/79] by Round[804].
    
48. Title: Lady Godiva in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: http://www.british-history.ac.uk;
    Note: Lady Godiva in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Lady Godiva in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    
49. Title: Minshull
    Note: Minshull is the name of parishes and township in Cheshire Country. The Domesday survey of Cheshire, 1086, mentions Church Minshull, now part of Nantwich and Maneshale. Church Minshull, Maneshale and Minshull Vernon were held by one William de Malbanc, Baron of Nantwich. The name was common in Cheshire. In earlier times, 22 Minshull’s to 10,000 population in Cheshire. Both Minshull and Minshall were used in Cheshire. Both manor of Church Minshull and Minshull Veron were in ownership of William de Malbanc, Baron of Nantwich, after the Norman Conquest of 1066. His name also appears as Malbane and Maldeburg. In 1070, Hugh Lupus, Earl of Chester and nephew to the King, created a court of 8 barons, which included William Malbanc and his two neighbors, Gilbert de Venables, Baron of Kinderton (the old part of Middlewich) and Richard de Vernon, Baron of Shipbrook. William Malbanc received much of the land of the Nantwich Hundred, including Maneshale as the village was called, making him a powerful Lord. His son, Hugh, founded Combermer Abbey in 1134 and his grandson fought in the crusades, returning in 1194, but in the reign of Edward I, the barony was divided. Minshull Vernon passed to the Vernons of Shipbrook. Malbanc;s principal co-heirs was Philippa Basset and her portion subsequently passed to the Lords Lovell, but in “Munshall”, the mesne manor was in the hand of what seems to have been a Saxon family, under Malbanc lordship. The Doomsday Book mentioned the village had two manors and they were held by Deose and Aregrim and it was the latter whose family held the then single manor of Munshull, when the Malbanc’s can to an end. There is conflicting evidence as to how many sons he had. Ormerod’s History of Cheshire quote then as possible Richard and Augustin, but Gamel could have been Richard’s son or Augustin’s grandson, by Adam. By this time Henry I was on the throne, (1100-1135), and it was common practice for people to take their surnames from the place where they lived. This family was no exception and they adopted the name Minsulfe , or Munsule, as their own. The two sons of Augustin had divided the family into two branches, Adam, (or Richard) fathering the senior side, and William fathering the junior side. The origin of the Minshull Arms is interesting and curious. They were used by the Roman Emperor, Hadrain and were a common device in the Middle East in both the Byzantine and Islamic realms. Throughout history the number of point on the star has varied from 6 to 8 and the crescent has sometimes been vertical rather than the more usual horizontal. A rebel Byzatine Prince, Isaac Comnenus, captured King Richard I’s fiancé’ and sister, after they were shipwrecked on Cyprus in 1191. Richard then conquered the island while on the 3rd Crusade in 1192 and imprisoned Isaac with the Knights of St. John. Isaac had used the Star and Crescent as his arms and as was tradition, Richard took these as his own and used then on the Great Seal of England. The star is believed to be that of Regulus the brightest in the constellation of Leo and known as the heart of the lion. Richard is now better know as Richard the Lion Heart, so this device could not have been more suitable. Any soldier receiving knighthood or any town getting its charter, would get a decree bearing the King’s seal and using the design of that seal for their Coat of Arms would demonstrate their thanks and loyalty. Lord Michael de Minshull was a Crusader and fought for King Richard 1st (The Lion Heart). Because of his bravery King Richard granted him land and created him Lord Michael de Minshull and won the family Coat of Arms - wearing on his armor the Minshull Crescent and Star for Arms in the fight against Sultan Saladin in the Battle of Ascalon. Richard de Munshull, senior, rented a tenement in ‘Churchmunshull’ to John de Stonlegh, chaplain. He also made a bond with King Edward III, for 26/8, for the right to the “Town of Munshull” in the first year of the kings reign, 1327/8. A further bond was made with William Hamelyn to the value of £6, paid to Peter, son of John of Wetenhal, His marriage to Alice, bought him the Manor of Aston in Aston in Mondrun (Aston-juxta-Mondrum) and the itinerary of property inherited by his son, also named Richard, listed it with that of Munshull, which comprised several rents, land and herbage and a watermill. The two brothers, (in the senior Mynshull branch) Randle and Henry, were pardoned by Edward, Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester (Edward III) for crimes committed. Randle’s pardon was for various felonies throughout the county along with others. Henry’s was a joint pardon with Richard Neuton, at the request of Sir High Calvylegh, after he and Richard had slayed Thomas Wynnepeny of Chirchemunshull. Joan, sometimes referred to as Johanna, was the last of the senior branch of the family to hold manors of Asten in Mondruem and of Chirchemuchshull, being held from Lord John Lovell by military service. This was the exception of one third of each, which was held in dower by her aunt Margaret, window of Richard. Joan’s son, Peter Dutton, with W. Danyell of Daresbury Robert Donne and Eve, daughter of Venable, successfully claimed back the land that her cousin John had seized. After the death of her husband, Edmund, she remarried her second husband being William de Hoton. The Dutton Family also died out with Thomas Dutton of Dutton. His daughter Elenor, as heir married Richard Cholmondeley of Cholmondeley and after an enquiry had established her as the rightful heir to the Minshull land, they passed in to the Cholmondely estate in 1526. Henry VIII confirmed them as Richard Cholmondeley’s possesions held by military service and later Elizabeth I did the same but on the division of the Cholmondeley family into the Cholmondeley’s of Cholmondeley and the Cholmondelye’s of Vale Royal, the Minshull lands became part of the latter’s possessions, by family agreement. The junior and continuing branch of the Minshull Family rented Minshull Hall form the senior branch and retained it by military service. They had left the area and some had married well, gaining homes and land in the parish. William de Mynshull went to Cherburg, France in the retinue of John Draundell, captain of the town but Peter Mynshull went to Calais, France twice. The first time was in the train of John de Burely, Captain of Calais and the second time in the retinue of Hugh de Calvyley, captain of the town to aid in its defense. In 1379 Peter was again granted ‘plea rolls’ to travel north, “beyond the seas’ with Admiral Thomas de Percy. He saw further service with John de Cholmundely and others to assemble four lances and forty archers from Nantwich Hundred, to fight Welsh rebels in Broxton Hundred. Edmund de Munshull, father of Peter de Mynshull is recorded in 1425 as holding two messuages and 60 acres of land in Chichemunshull. Held by fee from Sir Peter de Dutton by military service. The King granted protection to William de Mynshull for his travels to Cherbourg, France in the Kings service. Peter also received protection by the King for his travels to Calais, France. Joan, wife of Peter de Mynshull, brought Derby House, Rock Ferry, into Minshull hands until the 17th century. It was a fine house in secluded grounds called Manor Park and it covered all of what is now Rock Ferry near Bebbington. John Mynshull of Mynshull, (born abt 1529 and buried in Church MInshull on 11/8/1574). John purchased the lease from the Rectory Daniel of Daresbury and become thus became the new Rector of Church Minshull. His son John Minshull married Frances Egerton and had a son John Minshull born 1582; he too is buried at Church Minshull and died young on 9/14/1654. John’s only surviving daughter, Elizabeth, on her marriage to Thomas Cholmondeley, took the manor and Minshull Hall into the Cholmondeley’s hands, thus finally reuniting the Minshull Estates under a single ownership! In 1594, an enquiry into the death of Richard Mynshull, noted that he had in his possessing the Hall of Mynshull ten messuages, two water mills, twenty gardens, 207 acres of land and 69 waste, together with the manor of Bebington and several other possessions. The Egerton’s took the profits from the possession and John Savage, from Minshull Vernon, and Hugh Cholmely, become custodians, as Richard’s son, John was ten years old. Sir Richard Minshull, of Bourton House in Buckinghamshire, descended from a junior branch of the family, was created Baron Minshull of Minshull and afterwards, in 1642, Viscount Minshull of Leominster, but patents were never registered and later descendants cancelled the titles in 1657. The Minshull Arms are in St. Michael and All Angels Church, Aston Clinton, Buckinghamshire. The Minshull’s were and are descendants of King’s, Queen’s, Princes’, Countess’, Earl’s, Viscount’s, Colonel’s, Lord’s, Knight’s, Baron’s, Esquire’s, High Sheriff’s, Members of Parliament (MP), Poets (Milton), painters/artist, Rector’s (Clergy) etc. Including historical people like Lady Godiva and Alfred the Great – King of Wessex and Edward Minshull of Erdsewick who was a Captain in the England Civil War of 1643. Sir. Geoffrey Minshull of Cheshire contributed £25 to the Spanish Armanda fund in 1588. Richard Minshull was Mayor of Chester in 1657 and John Minshull in 1711-12. The Minshull’s not only had nobility, wealth and standing within England they also married into the same. With surnames such as: Lord Grosvernor (now The Duke of Westminster), Warren, Poole, Stockport, Eaton (Eyton/Eton), Hough, Egerton, Stanley, Holland, Manwaringe, Bromley, Dutton, FitzAlan, Pulfords and Dean(e). The Minshull name was so highly regarded and coveted that, on occasion, the males took the Minshull surname from their wife so they would have greater standing within the community. Two Minshull families coats of arms, Minshull’s of Erdeswick and Nantwich!
    
50. Title: Ivo de Taillebois
    Author: https://www.myheritage.com/names/ives_taillebois, https://www.myheritage.com/names/ives_taillebois (https://www.myheritage.com/names/ives_taillebois), Names, dates and other data..
    Page: To support viewpoint.
    
51. Title: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in The Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. 2, pgs. 118 and 262 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: The Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. 2, pgs. 118 and 262
    Note: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in The Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. 2, pgs. 118 and 262 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in The Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. 2, pgs. 118 and 262 [See document in the Memories section]
    
52. Title: Thorold de Bukenhale, Thought Not to be the Father of Lucy of Bolingbroke
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucy_of_Bolingbroke;
    
53. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: LEOFRIC, son of LEOFWINE Ealdorman [of the Hwicce] in Mercia & his wife
    Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20AngloSaxon%20nobility.htm#Leofricdied1057B;
    
54. Title: The history and antiquities of the counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, Vol. 1
    Author: Nicolson, Joseph, Richard Burn, and William Nicolson. The History and Antiquities of the Counties of Westmorland and Cumberland. London: Printed for W. Strahan, 1777.
    Publication: Name: https://archive.org/details/historyandantiq00burngoog/page/124/mode/2up?q=Salkeld;
    Note: The names of such as were sent for in Thomas Wharton's letter, 34 Hen 8. The names of Thomas Salkeld of Whitehall with 4 horse; Richard Salkeld of Rosgill with 20 horse and 20 foot and Richard Salkeld of the Grange with 2 horse are included in this letter.
    
55. Title: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in County Families of Lancashire and Cheshire, pg. 118 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: County Families of Lancashire and Cheshire, pg. 118
    Note: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in County Families of Lancashire and Cheshire, pg. 118 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in County Families of Lancashire and Cheshire, pg. 118 [See document in the Memories section]
    
56. Title: "Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 33": Leofric, Earl of Mercia
    Author: Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 33, pg. 61-62
    Publication: Name: https://books.google.com/books?id=_SrIWokrzmUC&q=Leofric#v=snippet&q=Leofric&f=false;
    Note: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in the Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 33, pg. 61-62 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in the Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 33, pg. 61-62 [See document in the Memories section]
    
57. Title: Old outdated info of what was once known on Ivo and his lineage...Please read discussion under Ivo de Taillebois for further data
    Author: page 578
    Publication: Name: https://books.google.com/books?id=-P4UAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA577#v=snippet&q=ivo&f=false;
    Note: Gives the old geneaology of what was once thought of his heritage and descendants, which is wrong for Eldred and down to William de Lacaster...
    
58. Title: Pedigree of Ranulf le Meschin in the History of the Palatine County of Chester
    Author: History of the Palatine County of Chester, pg. 121
    Note: Pedigree of Ranulf le Meschin in the History of the Palatine County of Chester, pg. 121 [See document in the Memories dection]
    Page: Pedigree of Ranulf le Meschin in the History of the Palatine County of Chester, pg. 47 [See document in the Memories dection]
    
59. Title: Thorold, Sheriff of Lincoln, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: http://www.british-history.ac.uk;
    Note: Thorold, Sheriff of Lincoln, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Thorold, Sheriff of Lincoln, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    
60. Title: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Ancestral File (R) (Copyright (c) 1987, June 1998, data as of 5 January 1998)
    
61. Title: Alfgar, Earl of Mercia, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: Alfgar, Earl of Mercia, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: http://www.british-history.ac.uk;
    Note: Alfgar, Earl of Mercia, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk …Godiva was a historic person, the wife of Leofric, Earl of Mercia, mother of Ælfgar, Earl of East Anglia, and grandmother of Edwin and Morcar and of Aldgyth, wife of Gruffyd, Prince of Wales, and, after his death, of King Harold. She was a considerable landowner, probably in her own right… ~'The City of Coventry: The legend of Lady Godiva', in A History of the County of Warwick: Volume 8, the City of Coventry and Borough of Warwick, ed. W B Stephens (London, 1969), pp. 242-247. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/warks/vol8/pp242-247 …After Swein's misconduct and Godwine's exile it was, on the return of the great English earl, restored to Mercia under Leofric. On the death of Leofric in 1057, Harold may have united Oxfordshire to East Anglia and placed them under his own brother Gyrth, but in Domesday Book the city of Oxford is entered as having been held in the reign of King Edward by Ælfgar, Earl of Mercia. The two statements are not absolutely contradictory, but the whole subject is very obscure. The collapse of Harold's family policy is connected with Oxford by the march of the Northumbrian insurgents against Tostig in 1065… ~'Political history', in A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 1, ed. L F Salzman (London, 1939), pp. 429-456. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol1/pp429-456 …After Eglaf's death in 1023 Leofwine's descendants succeeded to the whole Mercian earldom. Western Mercia probably retained an especial importance: Leofwine's son, Earl Leofric (d. 1057), enriched several important churches and cult centres in the area, including the two minsters in Chester, St. Werburgh's and St. John's. When Leofric's son Ælfgar revolted successfully in the 1050s, the western Marches were his centre of operations and he eventually sent his Irish Viking fleet to Chester to be paid off. Clearly Chester was still an important naval base for his family. Ælfgar's alliance with the Welsh king Gruffudd ap Llywelyn led to the latter's acquisition of lands west of the Dee, near Chester, and when in 1063 Earl Harold attacked Gruffudd's palace at Rhuddlan in Flintshire he made the city his base. Although with Gruffudd's defeat in the same year the lands beyond the Dee returned to English control, the main beneficiary was not the king but Ælfgar's youthful son and heir, Earl Edwin. By then the king had relinquished all his Cheshire lands to the earls of Mercia, leaving them in a position not so very unlike that of their post-Conquest successors at Chester. Clearly by the mid-1060s the area held considerable potential for an energetic earl. One indication of the impact of such developments upon Chester itself was the fact that in Harold II's reign (January-October 1066) its mint was one of the few supplied with locally produced dies, and the continuing close association of the city with the comital house was demonstrated when Harold's widow Ealdgyth was sent there by her brother Earl Edwin after the battle of Hastings… ~'Early medieval Chester 400-1230', in A History of the County of Chester: Volume 5 Part 1, the City of Chester: General History and Topography, ed. C P Lewis and A T Thacker (London, 2003), pp. 16-33. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/ches/vol5/pt1/pp16-33 Algar Earl of Mercia, son of Leofric Earl of Mercia was lord of Hemesby in the time of King Edward; Alwi bought it of Algar, and Stigand the Archbishop of Canterbury, took it from him, and gave it to Almarus, his brother, Bishop of Elmham; but what right the see had to it, the hundred (by whom all suits and causes were tried) knew not… ~Francis Blomefield, 'West Flegg hundred: Hemesby', in An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the County of Norfolk: Volume 11 (London, 1810), pp. 165-168. British History Online http://www.britishhistory.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol11/pp165-168 BOYTON, OR BEGETON. The principal lordship of this town was bought by Almar, Bishop of Elmham, and brother to Stigand, Archbishop of Canterbury, of Algar, Earl of Mercia, with the soc and sac, borderers, and all belonging to the foldage… ~Francis Blomefield, 'Walsham Hundred: Boyton, or Begeton', in An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the County of Norfolk: Volume 11 (London, 1810), pp. 97-100. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol11/pp97-100 …Godric, the King's steward, had a grant of the lands of 3 freemen, 2 of them belonged to Edwin, (who was son of Algar Earl of Mercia,) and one to Gert, (King Harold's brother,) on whose deprivation, their lands were granted to Ralph Earl of Norfolk, and on his rebellion, and forfeiture, to Godric… ~Francis Blomefield, 'Loddon Hundred: Helgheton', in An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the County of Norfolk: Volume 10 (London, 1809), pp. 135-137. British History Online http://www.britishhistory.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol10/pp135-137 …Like most boroughs, Oxford in 1086 was carrying a fiscal burden much heavier than that which had lain on it before the Conquest. In King Edward's time it had produced a yearly 'farm' of £20 and 6 sestiers of honey to the king, and £10 to Earl Ælfgar of Mercia… 'The Domesday survey: Introduction', in A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 1, ed. L F Salzman (London, 1939), pp. 373-395. Online http://www.britishhistory.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol1/pp373-395 …In the same town were 5 freemen; of 3 of these Hagan had the commendation, and of the other 2 Algar (Earl of of Mercia) had it, who were also deprived… ~Francis Blomefield, 'Loddon Hundred: Bedingham', in An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the County of Norfolk: Volume 10 (London, 1809), pp. 100-105. British History Online http://www.britishhistory.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol10/pp100-105 In 1086 COMBE, assessed at 1 hide, was the smallest of the four Oxfordshire manors held in demesne by Odo of Bayeux. It was said to have been held formerly by Alwin and Algar, the latter perhaps being Aelfgar (d. 1062), earl of Mercia… ~A P Baggs, W J Blair, Eleanor Chance, Christina Colvin, Janet Cooper, C J Day, Nesta Selwyn and S C Townley, 'Combe: Manor and other estates', in A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 12, Wootton Hundred (South) Including Woodstock, ed. Alan Crossley and C R Elrington (London, 1990), pp. 82-84. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol12/pp82-84
    Page: Alfgar, Earl of Mercia, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    
62. Title: Ralph de Taillebois and Robert de Taillebois, Brothers of Ivo de Taillebois, Wikipedia
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivo_Taillebois;
    
63. Title: Wikiwand: Ivo Taillebois
    Publication: Name: http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Ivo_Taillebois;
    
64. Title: More correct information of recent date more accurate links and info
    Author: http://www.wikiwand.com/en/William_de_Lancaster_I http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Ivo_Taillebois
    
65. Title: Lucy of Bolingbroke or Lucia Thoroldsdottir in Wikipedia [See document in the memories section]
    Author: Wikipedia
    Note: Lucy of Bolingbroke or Lucia Thoroldsdottir in Wikipedia [See document in the memories section]
    Page: Lucy of Bolingbroke or Lucia Thoroldsdottir in Wikipedia [See document in the memories section]
    
66. Title: Geneanet
    Publication: Name: https://gw.geneanet.org/belle2?lang=en&p=leofric+godwin+lord+coventry+earl+de+mercia&n=de+mercia;
    
67. Title: Lucy daughter of Thorold in British History Online
    Publication: Name: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/kendale-barony/vol1/vii-xvii;
    Page: Lucy FitzThorold in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    
68. Title: The Countess Lucy in Cokayne's Complete Peerage
    Author: Cokayne's Complete Peerage, Vol. VII, Appendix J, pg. 743-746
    Publication: Name: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.210885/page/n755/mode/2up?view=theater;
    Note: The Countess Lucy in Cokayne's Complete Peerage, Vol. VII, Appendix J, pg. 743-746 [See document in the memories section]
    Page: The Countess Lucy in Cokayne's Complete Peerage, Vol. VII, Appendix J, pg. 743-746 [See document in the memories section]
    
69. Title: History of the County Palatine and City of Chester: Pedigree of Leofwin, Leofric, Alfgar and Edwin, Earls of Mercia
    Author: History of the County Palatine and City of Chester, 47
    Note: Pedigree of Leofwin, Leofric, Alfgar and Edwin, Earls of Mercia, in the History of the County Palatine and City of Chester, 47 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Pedigree of Leofwin, Leofric, Alfgar and Edwin, Earls of Mercia, in the History of the County Palatine and City of Chester, 47 [See document in the Memories section]
    
70. Title: Thorold, De Bukenhall about 0949 – about 1041 in My Heritage
    Author: https://www.myheritage.com/research/record
    Publication: Name: https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-737794431-3-22968/thorold-de-bukenhall-in-myheritage-family-trees?fspid=LB7H-8FX;
    
71. Title: Pedigree of Gundreda of Mercia at ~http://jliptrap.us/gen/adam2.htm [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: http://jliptrap.us/gen/adam2.htm;
    Note: Pedigree of Gundreda of Mercia at ~http://jliptrap.us/gen/adam2.htm [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Pedigree of Gundreda of Mercia at ~http://jliptrap.us/gen/adam2.htm [See document in the Memories section]
    
72. Title: The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in
    Author: The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester, pg. 7-8
    Note: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester, pg. 7-8 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva in The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester, pg. 7-8 [See document in the Memories section]
    
73. Title: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: LEOFRIC, son of LEOFWINE Ealdorman [of the Hwicce] in Mercia & his wife
    Publication: Name: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20AngloSaxon%20nobility.htm#Leofricdied1057B;
    Note: LEOFRIC, son of LEOFWINE Ealdorman [of the Hwicce] in Mercia & his wife --- (-Bromley 30 Oct 1057, bur Coventry). The "Genealogia Fundatoris" of Coventry Monastery names "Leofricum postea comitem, et Edwinum occisum per Walenses, et Normannum occisum cum Edrico duce Merciorum per Cnutonem regem" as sons of "Leofwinus comes Leicestriæ." Simeon of Durham records that King Canute appointed "Leofric" as Ealdorman [Earl] of Mercia after his brother Northman was killed in 1017, although this was apparently during the lifetime of their father. He and his wife founded the abbey of Coventry in 1043. "Leofricus comes" founded the monastery of Coventry by undated charter. ”Leofricus comes…et conjux mea Godgyve” donated property to Evesham Monastery by undated charter which names "frater meus Normannus." m GODGIFU, sister of THOROLD de Bukenhale, Sheriff of Lincolnshire, daughter of --- (-after [1054/57]). She is named as wife of Earl Leofric by Florence of Worcester, who specifies that she and her husband founded monasteries at Leominster, Wenlock, Chester and Stowe. The Annals of Peterborough record that "Thoroldus vicecomes et frater germanus Godivæ comitissæ Leycestriæ" founded Spalding Monastery in 1052. Her family origin is also indicated by the undated charter under which “Thoroldus de Bukenhale…vicecomiti” donated Spalding monastery to Croyland abbey which names "domino meo Leofrico comite Leicestriæ et…comitissa sua domina Godiva sorore mea…et cognati mei comitis Algari primogeniti et hæredis eorum." The "De Gestis Herwardi Saxonis" names "Aediva trinepta Oslaci ducis" as wife of "Lefricus de Brunne, nepos comitis Radulfi cognominati Scalre," when recording that they were parents of "Herwardus." "Oslaci ducis" could be "Oslac" recorded in the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle" as "earl [of Northumbria]" in 966, but any precise relationship has not been identified. "Leofricus comes…et conjux mea Godgyve" donated property to Evesham Monastery by undated charter which names "frater meus Normannus." Godgifu wife of Leofric granted property to St Mary's, Stow by charter dated [1054/57]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Elfgarus comes" had founded "Coventrense cœnobium" and that "Godiova...comitissa" donated "Coventrense cœnobium" to the church. She was the Lady Godiva of legend. Leofric & his wife had one child: 1. ÆLFGAR (-[1062]).
    
74. Title: "Annals of Roger de Hoveden, Vol. 1": Earls of Mercia
    Author: Annals of Roger de Hoveden, Vol. 1, pgs. 121-125, 130, 134, 138-39, 150-51
    Note: Earls of Mercia in the Annals of Roger de Hoveden, Vol. 1, pgs. 121-125, 130, 134, 138-39, 150-51 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Earls of Mercia in the Annals of Roger de Hoveden, Vol. 1, pgs. 121-125, 130, 134, 138-39, 150-51 [See document in the Memories section]
    
75. Title: Leofwine, Earl of Leichester (Mercia) in The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester, pg. 8 [See document in the Memories section]
    Author: The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester, pg. 8
    Note: Leofwine, Earl of Leichester (Mercia) in The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester, pg. 8 [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: Leofwine, Earl of Leichester (Mercia) in The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester, pg. 8 [See document in the Memories section]
    
76. Title: More correct information of recent date more accurate links and info
    Author: http://www.wikiwand.com/en/William_de_Lancaster_I http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Ivo_Taillebois
    
77. Title: Keats-Rohan, K. S. B., "Antecessor Noster: The Parentage of Countess Lucy Made Plain,"
    Author: K. S. B. Keats-Rohan, "Parentage of Countess Lucy". K. S. B. Keats-Rohan, "Parentage of Countess Lucy". A spurious charter of Crowland Abbey made Turold of Bucknall (the Sheriff) the founder of the priory of Spalding as a cell of Crowland. It also called Turold brother of Godiva countess of Mercia, but subsequently described Godiva's son Earl Algar as Turold's cognatus (cousin).. K.S.B. Keats-Rohan, Domesday People, Iuo Tillebois, pg. 283.
    Publication: Name: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Lincoln-3147;
    Note: Keats-Rohan, K. S. B., "Antecessor Noster: The Parentage of Countess Lucy Made Plain," Prosopon, No. 2 (May 1995), p. 1, Linacre College. Weis, Frederick Lewis, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (7th ed., Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1992.), 176A-2, Los Angeles Public Library, Gen 974 W426 1992. Keats-Rohan, K.S.B., Domesday People: A Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents, 1066-1166 (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 1999.), p. 283, Los Angeles Public Library, Gen 942.02 K25. Keats-Rohan, K.S.B., Domesday People, pp. 1137-8.
    Page: Research from source indicates year and place of marriage
    
78. Title: High Sheriff of Lincolnshire
    Publication: Name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Lincolnshire#10th_to_12th_century;
    
79. Title: Early English Books Online > Dugdale's "The Baronage of England": Leofric
    Author: Dugdale's The Baronage of England, pgs. 8, 9, 10, 11, 16
    Publication: Name: https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A36794.0001.001?type=simple&rgn=full+text&q1=leofric&submit=Go;
    Note: Title: The baronage of England, or, An historical account of the lives and most memorable actions of our English nobility in the Saxons time to the Norman conquest, and from thence, of those who had their rise before the end of King Henry the Third's reign deduced from publick records, antient historians, and other authorities Author: Dugdale, William, Sir, 1605-1686. Publication info: London : Printed by Tho. Newcomb, for Abel Roper, John Martin, and Henry Herringman ..., 1675-1676. → Search Results: 20 matches in full text Table of contents | Add to bookbag THE BARONAGE. OF ENGLAND BEFORE THE Norman Conquest. > Earls of Northumberland. • ... / Upon the Rebellion of Godwyne, Earl of Kent, he together with Leofric, Earl of Mercia, came [S. Dunel ] / ... THE BARONAGE. OF ENGLAND BEFORE THE Norman Conquest. > Earls of Chester. • ... IN An. 716.[An. 716.]Leuric or Leofric was Earl of Chester, and witness[I ] / ... • ... re∣spect therefore in that mention made of Leofric Earl of Mercia, in King Edward ... • ... ge was, and not in Lei∣cester. / But of this Earl Leuric or Leofric, I can say no more, than that he had[Ex Vet. MS. ad calcem ] / ... • ...[uper Ar∣chiep. Armch.]Leo∣fric the second, and he[Ex Vet. MS. ad calcem Flor. Wi∣gorn. ] ... THE BARONAGE. OF ENGLAND BEFORE THE Norman Conquest. > Earles of Mercia. • ...[ Monast. Anglic. fol. 304 b. n. 30. Ingulphus, fol. 507 a. n. 30.] from Leofric, Earl of Leicester (or rather Chester) in the time of King ... • ... was Earl of this Province of Mercia; and that he left Issue these three Sons, viz. Leofric, who was afterwards also of Me ... • ... Canute, made to the Monks of Crouland in An. 1032. / This Leofric was Earl of Chester[R. Hoved. fol. 255 a.] / ... • ...ntroversie amongst the great Men of the Land, touching the Succession to the Crown, this Noble Leofric,[H. Knighton, fol. 2325. n. 50.] with other principal ... • ... ward came with great Forces to the King, then at Gloucester. / This Earl Leofric was a person of singular Piety:[Chron. MS. Joh. Rous in Bibl ] / ... • ...Hundred Talents of Silver, and one Talent of Gold; and for the love which he bore to this Earl Leofric, sent it to this Religious House;[W. Malmesb. fol. 165 a. n. ] ... • ...cles of King Edward the Confessor, doth re∣port; viz. That this devout Leofric, upon a time, attending that pious King near the Altar in the Abbey Church of S. Pe ... • ... a Shrine, and not opened until after the death of himself, and the King. / This good Earl Leofric took to Wife[] / ... • ... ick her Husband, with divers more great Earls and others. / The death of this Noble Leofric was at his Mannor of Bromseage in Com ... upon the second Kalends of S / ... • ... eldest Son Algar; of whom I may not omit what is memorable, whilst his Father Earl Leofric was a∣live. / In An. 1053.[An. 1053.] / ... • ... ised on for this his Rebellion) restored to him again. / After this, about two years Earl Leofric his Father departing the World,[An. 1057.] he succeede / ... THE BARONAGE. OF ENGLAND BEFORE THE Norman Conquest. > Earls of Kent. • ...arls and Barons, at that time so assembled; some in favor of him, and some otherwise; up stood Leofric, Earl of Chester, (a Person of great Integrity, and no less Piety,) and sai ... • ...[ lm. u supra.] for Leofric Earl of Mercia, and Siward Earl of Northumberland, who fo ... THE BARONAGE. OF ENGLAND BEFORE THE Norman Conquest. > Earls of Essex. • ...[ Ingulph. fol. 510 b. l. 42.] this of Essex unto Algar, Son to Leofric, Earl of Chester; of which Algar, I purpose to speak under the t ... THE BARONAGE. OF ENGLAND BEFORE THE Norman Conquest. > Earls of Hereford. • ... That in the year 1051. he raised what Forces he could in this his County, and joyned with Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Siward Earl of Northumberland, a ...
    Page: Leofwine, Leofric, Alfgar and Edwin, Earls of Mercia, in Dugdale's The Baronage of England, pgs. 8, 9, 10, 11, 16 [See document in the Memories section]
    
80. Title: William de Lancaster and descendants in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Publication: Name: http://www.british-history.ac.uk;
    Note: William de Lancaster and descendants in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]
    Page: William de Lancaster in the Battle Abbey Roll, Vol. 3, pgs. 345-46 [See document in the Memories section]
    
81. Title: The history and antiquities of the counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, Vol. 1
    Author: Nicolson, Joseph, Richard Burn, and William Nicolson. The History and Antiquities of the Counties of Westmorland and Cumberland. London: Printed for W. Strahan, 1777.
    Publication: Name: https://archive.org/details/historyandantiq00burngoog/page/124/mode/2up?q=Salkeld;
    
82. Title: The History [of The] Life of King Henry the Second, and of the Age ..., Volume 1 By George Lyttelton Baron Lyttelton
    Author: page 550
    Publication: Name: https://books.google.com/books?id=Ks8BAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA550&lpg=PA550&dq=peter+of+blois+%2B+ivo+de+taillebois&source=bl&ots=30vm-ElyzE&sig=78Kq8wFmv0MzUQc14IUR9bwYaD8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEgQ6AEwB2oVChMIoYGxv9DyxwIVjFOSCh2CrgA9#v=onepage&q=peter%20of%20blois&f=false;
    Note: Gives detailed account of Ivo dealing in Witchcraft and his battle, his courageous battle and William the Conquerer forgiving his debts and giving lands back to him...